2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit3Understandingeachother单元学案设计（49页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit3Understandingeachother单元学案设计（49页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修六 Unit 3 Understanding each other单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．endofterm n．　　　　　　 学期末 ‎2．bridegroom n. 新郎 ‎3．bride n. 新娘 ‎4．offence n. 冒犯；侮辱 ‎5．firework n. 焰火，烟花 ‎6．minority n. 少数民族；少数，少数人 ‎7．feast n. 盛宴，宴会；节日 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．mask n．　　　　　　　　 面具 vt. 伪装，掩饰 ‎9．carve vt. 雕刻 ‎10．steam vt. & vi. 蒸，蒸发 n. 蒸汽 ‎11．claw n. 爪，爪子 ‎12．roast vt. 烤，烘焙 adj. 烤的，焙的 ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎13．rooster n．　　　　　　　 公鸡 ‎14．*thumb n. 拇指 ‎15．*bonfire n. 篝火 ‎16．mustard n. 芥末；芥末酱 ‎17．barbecue n. 户外烧烤 ‎18．emperor n. 皇帝 ‎19．*taboo n. 禁忌 ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎20．business card n．　 　　　 名片 ‎21．*sled n. 雪橇 ‎22．seal n. 海豹 ‎23．deer n. 鹿 ‎24．*mysterious adj. 神秘的，奇怪的 ‎25．stove n. 炉子，火炉 ‎26．*tribe n. 部落 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎1．familiar adj.　　　　　　 通晓；熟悉 ‎2．ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保 ‎3．account n. 描述，叙述；账目 ‎4．alike adj. 相像，十分相似 adv. 十分相像地；同样地 ‎5．throughout prep. & adv. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及 ‎6．retell vt. 复述，转述 ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎7．hug vt. & vi. & n．　　　 拥抱，抱紧 ‎8．wedding n. 婚礼 ‎9．reception n. 招待会；接待；接受 ‎10．gesture n. 手势；姿势；示意动作 ‎11．musical adj. 音乐的 n. 音乐剧 ‎12．plain n. 平原 adj.　 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的 ‎13．greeting n. 招呼；问候；问候语 ‎14．congratulate vt. 向(某人)道贺，祝贺 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎15．permit vt. & vi.　　　　 允许，准许 n. 许可证 ‎16．prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止 ‎17．religion n. 宗教 ‎18．adjust vi. & vt. 适应，习惯；调整，调节 ‎19．accustomed adj. 习惯于；惯常的 ‎20．celebration n. 庆典；庆祝活动 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎21．expectation n．　　　　　　 期望，盼望 ‎22．slight adj. 轻微的 ‎23．bravery n. 勇敢 ‎24．govern vt. 统治；控制，支配 ‎25．have_power_over 控制，支配 ‎26．take_up 占据(时间或空间)‎ ‎27．let_alone 更不用说 ‎28．show_somebody_around 带某人参观、游览 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.endofterm n．　学期末 ‎2．bridegroom n. 新郎 ‎3．stove n. 炉子，火炉 ‎4．offence n. 冒犯；侮辱 ‎5．firework n. 焰火，烟花 ‎6．minority n. 少数民族；‎ 少数，少数人 ‎7.feast n．盛宴，宴会；节日 ‎8．mask n. 面具 vt. 伪装，掩饰 ‎9．carve vt. 雕刻 ‎10．steam vt. & vi. 蒸，蒸发 n. 蒸汽 ‎11.claw n．　爪，爪子 ‎12．roast vt. 烤，烘焙 adj. 烤的，焙的 ‎13．mustard n. 芥末；芥末酱 ‎14．barbecue n. 户外烧烤 ‎15．arrow n. 箭；箭头标记 表达单词 ‎1.adjust vi. & vt.　　　　适应，习惯；调整，调节 ‎2．expectation n. 期望，盼望 ‎3．familiar adj. 通晓；熟悉 ‎4．ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保 ‎5．account n. 描述，叙述；账目 ‎6．alike adj. 相像，十分相似 adv. 十分相像地；同样地 ‎7．throughout prep. & adv. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及 ‎8．retell vt. 复述，转述 ‎9．hug vt. & vi. & n. 拥抱，抱紧 ‎10．wedding n. 婚礼 ‎11．reception n. 招待会；接待；接受 ‎12．gesture n. 手势；姿势；示意动作 ‎13．plain n. 平原 adj. 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；‎ 朴素的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．As soon as I walked into the banquet hall, I began to look around the crowded room, seeking a familiar (熟悉的) face.‎ ‎2．I can not see where they differ from each other; to me they look exactly alike (相似的)．‎ ‎3．The government department concerned ensured (保证) that timely action was taken to resolve the heating in winter.‎ ‎4．Your account (叙述) of what happened does not tie in with what three other witnesses have said.‎ ‎5．It is a tale which has often been retold (转述) within West Indian literature.‎ ‎6．It snowed throughout (自始至终) the night. The whole town was covered with snow. ‎ ‎7．It was a few moments before his eyes adjusted (适应) to the bright glare of the sun.‎ ‎8．Our expectation (期望) is that we should be there. In fact, we should have gotten there a long time ago.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.greet vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)→greeting n．招呼；问候；问候语 ‎2．congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺→congratulation n．祝贺；贺词 ‎3．permit vt. & vi.允许，准许 n．许可证→permission n．允许，许可 ‎4．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止→prohibition n．禁止；禁令 ‎5．religion n．宗教→religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的 ‎6．accustomed adj.习惯于；惯常的→accustom vt.使习惯于 ‎7．celebration n．庆典；庆祝活动→celebrate v．庆祝 ‎8．slight adj.轻微的→slightly adv.轻微地；稍微地 ‎9．bravery n．勇敢→brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．It took a while for her to accustom herself to the new school life. That meant after a while she became accustomed to living in the new school.(accustom) ‎ ‎2．Although there has been a slight increase of the population, this city still has a small population, only slightly over three hundred thousand.(slight)‎ ‎3．The prohibition order means that French is prohibited in this school.(prohibit)‎ ‎4．Even if you have a permit,_I won't permit you to enter the hall without her permission.(permit)‎ ‎5．He often says that he doesn't believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others' ‎ ‎.勇敢地；极好地 ‎10．govern vt.统治；控制，支配→governor n．主管人员；统治者→government n．政府 ‎ ‎11．musical adj.音乐的 n．音乐剧→music n．音乐，乐曲 religious freedom.(religion)‎ ‎6．He is the governor of the city who governs the city. And he is a candidate for central government.(govern)‎ ‎7．To my surprise, instead of mailing a greeting card, she greeted me with a hug and said “Merry Christmas”．(greet)‎ ‎8．People celebrate the birthday differently. Mike's family are going traveling in celebration of Mike's 18th birthday.(celebrate)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.let_alone　　　　　　更不用说 ‎2．show_sb._around 带某人参观、游览 ‎3．take_up 占据(时间或空间)‎ ‎4．have_power_over 控制，支配 ‎5．be_aware_of 知道，意识到 ‎6．shake_hands_with_sb. 与某人握手 ‎1.We could overcome any hard difficulty, let_alone this little thing.‎ ‎2．A great deal of my time is taken_up with reading critical essays and reviews.‎ ‎3．The species that fail to adjust_to the changing conditions of existence will gradually become extinct.‎ ‎7．be_home_to 为……的所在地/‎ 栖息地/家园 ‎4．Having been with him for a while, I was deeply aware_of that he was someone worth trusting.‎ ‎8.adjust_to　　　　　　　　　　　　适应 ‎9．be_familiar_with 对……熟悉；通晓 ‎10．provide_..._with_... 给……提供……‎ ‎11．be_supposed_to_do_sth. 应该做某事 ‎12．get_accustomed_to_(doing)_sth. 习惯(做)某事 ‎13．after_all 毕竟，终究 ‎14．do_without 没有……也行 ‎15．belong_to 属于 ‎16．take_place 发生；举行 ‎17．congratulate_sb._on_sth. 祝贺某人某事 ‎18．be_connected_with 与……有联系 ‎19．meet_with 遇见，碰到 ‎5.Pat will show you around the building so you can meet everyone.‎ ‎6．China is a vast country which is_home_to an amazing variety of landscapes, plants and animals. ‎ ‎7．Each great man belongs_to his time and can come only at his proper moment.‎ ‎8．I am not familiar_with the field. I'm ready to hear your suggestions.‎ ‎9．The first time I met Mr Black in London, he shook_hands_with me warmly.‎ ‎10．In general I feel like I get_accustomed_to Chinese way of life and like here very much.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. ‎ 很多外国人很难习惯这一点。‎ have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。‎ 无论何时你理解唐诗有困难，你都可以向我寻求帮助。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)‎ You can turn to me whenever you have_trouble_in_understanding Tang poems.‎ ‎2.One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years. ‎ 英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。‎ One reason why ... is that ...意为“……的一种原因是……”，其中why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语从句。 ‎ 星期五下午我不能跟你一块去书店的原因是那天下午我有个重要的会议要参加。(2016·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文) ‎ The_reason_why I can't go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon is_that I have to attend an important meeting that afternoon.‎ ‎3.They dislike it when people do not look at the cards, so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking. ‎ dislike it＋宾语从句：‎ 很多人不喜欢别人催促他们给那些他们甚至不在意的比赛进行网上投票。(2016·江苏高考满分作文) ‎ Many people ‎ 他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。‎ ‎ 动词dislike之后不能直接跟名词性从句作宾语，需用it作形式宾语。‎ dislike_it_when they are urged to cast online votes for competitions that they even don't care.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ‎2.have trouble with sth.在某方面有麻烦/困难 ‎3.have ... in common 有相同特征 ‎4.keep fit 保持健康 ‎5.kind of 有点儿 ‎1.even better　　更好 ‎2.a couple of 少数 ‎3.check out 察看；观察 ‎4.have a good knowledge of 通晓；精通 ‎5.a 46yearold husband and father一位46岁的丈夫和父亲 ‎1.rock band　摇滚乐队 ‎2.country music 乡村音乐 ‎3.costume party 化装舞会 ‎4.get ears pierced 打耳洞 ‎5.earring n. 耳环；耳饰 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．ensure vt. & n．保证；担保 ‎ ‎[经典例句]　In order to ensure success we must have a complete and thorough plan.‎ 为了保证成功，我们必须要有一个周密的计划。‎ ensure sth.　　　　　　　　 保证某事 ensure sb. sth. 保证/确保某人(得到)某物 ensure sb. from/against ... 保护某人免受……的伤害 ensure that ...＝make sure that ...　 确保/保证……‎ ‎[题点全练]　句型转换/完成句子 The teachers spared no effort to ensure an equal chance to all students.‎ ‎①The teachers spared no effort to ensure that all students had an equal chance.‎ ‎②The teachers spared no effort to make sure that all students had an equal chance. ‎ ‎③There must be safety devices to ensure_workers_against/from_accidents (保护工人避免工伤事故)．‎ ‎④To_ensure_food_safety (为了确保食品安全), the government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals used in food production.‎ ‎2．congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺 ‎[教材原句]　During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.‎ 在婚礼仪式上，母鸡下了个蛋，每个人都祝贺这对新婚夫妇，因为这被认为是非常幸运的。‎ ‎(1)congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　 祝贺某人(做了)某事 congratulate oneself (on sth.)‎ ‎ (因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪 ‎(2)congratulation n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词 ‎(send/offer) congratulations to sb. on sth.‎ ‎ 祝贺某人某事 Congratulations! 恭喜！‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①The letter arrived, congratulating me on/upon my graduation from the university.‎ ‎②“Congratulations (congratulate) on your success in completing the experiment，” she said.‎ ‎③You can congratulate you on having done an excellent job.第二个you→yourself 一句多译 我们祝贺他生意兴隆。‎ ‎④We_congratulated_him_on_his success in business.　 (congratulate)‎ ‎⑤We_offered/sent_our_congratulations_to_him_on_his success in business.(congratulation)‎ ‎[辨析比较]‎ congratulate ‎“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on/upon连接，构成congratulate sb. on/upon sth.‎ celebrate 举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语 They celebrated their 25th wedding anniversary yesterday, and many relatives and friends congratulated to them on their silver wedding.‎ 他们昨天庆祝了25周年结婚纪念日，许多亲戚朋友都对他们的银婚表示祝贺。‎ ‎3．permit vt. & vi.允许，准许n.许可证 ‎[高考佳句]　“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，” says Dobrindt.(2017·天津高考)‎ Dobrindt说，“对道路交通法的修改将允许完全自动驾驶。”‎ ‎(1)permit (doing) sth.　　　　 允许(做)某事 permit sb. (to do) sth. 允许某人(做)某事 time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits ‎ 时间/天气允许的话 ‎(2)a driver's/driving permit 驾驶执照 ‎(3)permission n. 允许；许可 without permission 未经许可 ask for permission 请求允许 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to_cook (cook) in the kitchen.‎ ‎②The reading room never permits taking (take) books out.‎ ‎③He asked for permission (permit) to leave the room. ‎ ‎④Time permitting_(permit), I may go hiking with my friends.‎ ‎⑤You're not allowed to drive if you don't have a permission. permission→permit 完成句子 ‎⑥The rules of the school do not permit_parking (允许停车) near the school gate.‎ ‎⑦Nobody can use the computer without_permission (未经许可)．‎ ‎⑧The security system will not permit_you_to_enter (允许你进入) without the correct password.‎ ‎[名师指津]　permit 充当名词时为可数名词，意为“许可证”；permission 为不可数名词，意为“许可”。‎ ‎4．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止，不准；阻止 ‎[教材原句]　Another difference is that while we serve food, soft drinks, tea and coffee, alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception — in fact, alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.‎ 另一不同是尽管我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但饮酒在婚礼上是不准许的。实际上，饮酒在文莱是完全被禁止的。‎ ‎(1)prohibit (doing) sth.　　　　 禁止(做)某事 prohibit sb.'s doing sth./prohibit sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ 禁止某人做某事 ‎(2)prohibition n. 禁止，阻止；禁令 a prohibition on/against ……的禁令 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①He threw himself in front of the door and prohibited us from leaving.‎ ‎②We prohibit smoking (smoke) in the office during working ‎ hours.‎ ‎③There is a prohibition on/against tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines.‎ ‎[联想发散] ‎ ‎“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达还有：‎ ‎①discourage sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ ②ban sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎③prevent sb. (from) doing sth.‎ ‎④keep sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎⑤forbid sb. from doing sth. ‎ ‎⑥stop sb.(from) doing sth.‎ ‎5．adjust vi. & vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节 ‎[教材原句]　It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.‎ 看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子真是太滑稽了。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中adjust的含义 ‎①These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.调节，调整 ‎②I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.适应 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)adjust to (doing) sth.　　　 适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……‎ adjust sth. to 调整某物以适应……‎ ‎(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment/adjustments to ‎ 对……作出调整 ‎(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的 ‎[练通重点]　用adjust的适当形式填空/单句改错 ‎③All the new chairs are adjustable,_which can be_adjusted to the height of the individual student. In addition, the adjustment is very easy to operate. It only takes you a short while to_adjust to using it. ‎ ‎④You should adjust you to the new living ways.第二个you→yourself ‎6．accustomed adj.习惯于；惯常的 ‎[教材原句]　Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.‎ 很多外国人很难习惯这一点。‎ ‎(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth. ‎ ‎＝be used to (doing) sth.　 习惯(做)某事(表状态)‎ get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. ‎ ‎＝get/become used to (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 习惯(做)某事(表动作)‎ ‎(2)accustom vt. 使……习惯于 accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯于(做)某事 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空/句型转换 ‎①I'm accustomed to listening (listen) to some light music before sleep.‎ ‎②The students quickly accustomed themselves (they) to the new timetable, which excited the teachers.‎ ‎③Accustomed(accustom)to living in the countryside, I found it hard to live in the city. ‎ We had to get used to the new working conditions.‎ ‎④We had to accustom ourselves to_the new working conditions.‎ ‎⑤We had to get/become accustomed to the new working conditions.‎ ‎[名师指津]　短语be/become/get accustomed to中的to是介词，其后需要跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。‎ ‎7．familiar adj.通晓；熟悉 ‎[经典例句]　He looks so familiar but I can't remember his name.‎ 他看上去非常面熟，但我想不起他的名字来了。‎ be familiar with ...　　　　　 精通……，熟悉……‎ be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空/句型转换 ‎①I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China, but help enhance your Chinese.‎ ‎②He is quite familiar with the city because he is a native of it.‎ ‎→The city is quite familiar to him because he is a native of it.‎ ‎[名师指津]　be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。‎ ‎8．account n．描述，叙述；报道；账户 v．说明；解释；认为 ‎[教材原句]　You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing, listen to traditional accounts ‎ of bravery, and play games.‎ 你将有机会加入这些大型集会中的一个并参与跳舞活动，聆听他们传统的英勇故事，还可以参与游戏节目。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中account的词性及含义 ‎①He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.n.描述 ‎ ‎②Some banks make it difficult to open an account, which is especially for the old.n.账户 ‎③She kept a detailed account of the suspect's movements.n.报道 ‎④We all account him a qualified teacher, and he is also respected by his students.v.认为 ‎ ‎⑤Can you account for your movements on that night？v.解释 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)on account of　　 由于；因为 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ open an account 开一个账户 ‎(2)take ... into account/consideration＝take account of ‎ 考虑……‎ ‎(3)account for 说明(原因等)；(作出)解释；占……(比例)‎ ‎[练通重点]‎ 写出下列句中account for的含义 ‎⑥It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first ‎ impression while what you say just 7 percent.占……(比例)‎ ‎⑦The heavy rain may have accounted for the fact that so many students were late this morning.解释 句型转换 ‎⑧I will on no account give up whatever difficulty I meet with. ‎ ‎→On no account will I give up whatever difficulty I meet with.‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“决不”的短语小结：‎ ‎①in no case　②by no means　③at no time　④in no way ‎⑤under no circumstances Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．On_account of lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise (中国长江江豚) is becoming smaller and smaller.‎ ‎2．It is not an easy thing to get accustomed to_living (live) in a completely strange environment.‎ ‎3．Passengers are permitted to_carry (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.‎ ‎4．Many firms prohibit smoking (smoke) in their offices, which can cause a fire.‎ ‎5．I want to express my sincere congratulations (congratulate) on your success.‎ ‎6．We won't go wrong, because I'm quite familiar with the streets here.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions in account. ‎ in→into ‎2．We will throw a party to congratulate to him on his promotion.去掉第二个to ‎3．It took her a while to adjust to live there after arriving in the country. live→living ‎4．I have been accustomed to get up early in the morning since I came to senior high school.get→getting ‎5．He was familiar with me but I couldn't think of his name at once. with→to Ⅲ.一句多译 ‎1．一个叫陈东的年轻人逐渐为我们所熟悉。‎ ‎①We have_been_familiar_with_a young man named Chen Dong.‎ ‎②A young man named Chen Dong begins to_be_familiar_to_us.‎ ‎2．我们必须保证饮用水的纯净。‎ ‎①We must ensure_the_purity_of_drinking_water.‎ ‎(ensure sth.)‎ ‎②We must ensure_that_drinking_water_is_pure.(ensure that)‎ ‎③We must make_sure_that_drinking_water_is_pure.(make sure that)‎ ‎3．如果天气条件允许，我们明天就去长城。‎ ‎①If_weather_permits,_we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.(if从句)‎ ‎②Weather_permitting,_we will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.(独立主格)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．take up 占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；拿起；接受；继续 ‎[教材原句]　I have no idea what he will do with them all, and it took up a lot of time.‎ 我不知道他将如何处理这些东西，而且还花费了很多时间。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中take up的含义 ‎①Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受 ‎②We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据 ‎③She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续 ‎④I always take up the book and read when I am in low spirits.拿起 ‎⑤This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.开始从事 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ take in　　　　　 收；领会，理解；欺骗 take back 回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与……重归于好 take down 下；拆除 take on 现(新面貌)；开始雇用；承担责任 I was taken in by the salesman — the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable.‎ 推销员欺骗了我——那辆汽车结果既不经济又不牢靠。‎ We can't take on any more work — we're fully stretched at the moment.‎ 我们不能再接受更多的工作了——我们目前已经全力以赴了。‎ ‎2．have trouble (in) doing sth.‎ Many foreigners have_trouble_getting accustomed to it. ‎ 很多外国人很难习惯这一点。‎ ‎(1)have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much, little, no等。‎ ‎(2)trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词)，意思不变。‎ ‎(3)若trouble/difficulty后跟名词，常接介词with。‎ ‎①The experts are trying to find out the reason why many teenagers have_trouble_(in)_communicating_with their parents.‎ 专家们正在努力地弄清楚为什么很多青少年和父母交流有困难。‎ ‎②Whenever we have_trouble_with_our_studies,_our teachers help us patiently.‎ 每逢我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心辅导。‎ ‎③Some students have trouble with grammar while others have difficulty (in) remembering new words.‎ 有的学生学语法有困难，有的记生词有困难。‎ ‎[名师指津]　对于句式have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.的考查，常把trouble/difficulty 提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词in，导致have与后面的动名词连在一起，做题时要注意辨别。‎ ‎3．One reason why ... is that ... ‎ One_reason_why there are so many French words in English is_that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.‎ 英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。‎ ‎(1)reason用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分，如果缺状语，则要用关系副词why或for which引导，why有时可省略；如果缺主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导。‎ ‎(2)the reason后接同位语从句解释其内容时，用引导词that。‎ ‎①The reason why he got so angry was that he found his son lying to him.‎ 他如此生气的原因是他发现儿子在对他撒谎。‎ ‎②The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was that he didn't catch the first bus.‎ 他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上早班车。‎ ‎③Why don't you believe the reason that my car was held up in the traffic jam?‎ 你为什么不相信我堵车了这个理由呢？‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)That/This/It is why ... “那/这就是……的原因”，why从句表示结果；That/This/It is because ... “那/这是因为……”，because从句表示原因。‎ ‎(2)主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that/which，而不用why或because。‎ ‎④There was a lot of work to do. That_is_why I didn't go to the cinema that day.‎ 有很多工作要做。那就是我那天没去看电影的原因。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．A good deal of my time is taken up by driving the children to school.‎ ‎2．I hoped that he would not let me down and give us a good ‎ display of his talent.‎ ‎3．The children who have trouble with social relationship, have a harder time as an adult.‎ ‎4．Not once has she given in to any difficulty in her life and that's because she is a strongwilled woman.‎ ‎5．When I have a different opinion, I dislike it when others are against it without thinking it seriously.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 ‎1．Please let me alone. I need a quiet place to think it over.‎ ‎2．My classmates took the time to show me around and introduce some of their friends to me.‎ ‎3．He was not aware_of her presence till she spoke to him.‎ ‎4．We haven't enough money to buy a new apartment, so we'll just have to do_without.‎ ‎5．He was_supposed_to go home after work, but an accident prevented him.‎ ‎6．The project is designed to provide young people with work.‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．那天我没去看电影的原因是我有很多工作要做。(The reason why ... was that ...)‎ The_reason_why_I_didn't_go_to_the_cinema_that_day_was_that_there_was_much_work_to_do.‎ ‎2．我今天一整天都没见到他，更不用说跟他一起喝酒了。 (let alone)‎ I_didn't_see_him_the_whole_day_today,_let_alone_have_a_drink_with_him.‎ ‎3．让我们担心的是，一些学生在适应校园生活时遇到了麻烦。(what 引导主语从句，have trouble in doing ..., adjust to)‎ What_worries_us_is_the_fact_that_some_students_have_trouble_in_adjusting_to_campus_life.‎ ‎4．他没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上。(take in)‎ He_didn't_taken_in_what_he_read_because_his_mind_was_on_something_else.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 单句语法填空 ‎1．I would ask George to help us if I knew (know) him.‎ ‎2．If I had time this evening, I would_go (go) to your birthday party.‎ ‎3．If I had known where he lived, I would_have_sent (send) a note to him.‎ ‎4．Mary is ill today. If she were (be) not ill, she wouldn't be absent from school.‎ ‎5．Were (be) I you, I would go with them.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练扩写——让意蕴更丰满 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆受邀去中国朋友家做客，发来邮件向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。下面是一篇有关中国餐桌礼仪的小文章，请根据文章内容给他回一封邮件。‎ There are some differences between Chinese and Western table manners. Before a meal, guests and seniors are seated first and they start eating before others. While eating, Chinese are accustomed to sharing all the dishes together. After a meal, guests should express their thanks to hosts.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm very glad to hear from you. You said you wanted to learn some Chinese table manners. Now let me tell you something.‎ Before a meal, guests and seniors are seated first. Other people should not begin eating until the guests and the seniors start. Unlike Westerners, the Chinese usually put many dishes on the table and everybody shares them together. While eating, Chinese hosts usually take good care of their guests and often use serving chopsticks or spoons to add food to guests' plates. After the meal, guests should express their thanks to hosts and their satisfaction with the delicious meal. In short, when in China do as the Chinese do.‎ I hope you will find my information useful.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A There are over 60 zoos in England. We have collected hundreds of reviews，checked the zoo websites，researched several zoorelated resources and visited many of them by ourselves to give you this selection: 10 best zoos in England.‎ Chester Zoo Among top 15 zoos in the world, it is one of the mostvisited and largest zoos in England.‎ Whipsnade Zoo With more than 2,500 animals, it is one of the few UK zoos with elephants.‎ Marwell Wildlife Full of African and Australian animals, there is surely a lot to see within very large grounds.‎ Howletts Wild Animal Park It was set up as a private zoo at first and opened to the public later. The place looks very natural and you can get very close to the animals there.‎ Port Lympne Wild Animal Park With Britain's largest number of African elephants, it offers truly African experiences.‎ Colchester Zoo With 270＋ species, it is very childfriendly and offers lots of handson activities.‎ Twycross Zoo It holds what is supposed to be the world's largest collection of ‎ apes (猿). There are also rare leopard species.‎ Bristol Zoo Gardens This is a 175yearold zoo with rare animals like fruit bats (果蝠)．‎ Paignton Zoo As home to a collection of around 2,000 animals and 1,600 plant species, it is one of the first places in England combining zoological and botanical (植物的) gardens.‎ London Zoo As one of the oldest zoos in the world, it is well worth a visit.‎ 语篇解读：本文是应用文。本文向我们介绍了英国最好的10家动物园。‎ ‎21．Marwell Wildlife would attract those who want to______.‎ A．know more about elephants B．visit the oldest zoo in England C．see some rare animal species D．watch African and Australian animals 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Marwell Wildlife中介绍的“Full of African and Australian animals”可知，这家动物园有很多来自非洲和澳大利亚的动物，故答案选D。‎ ‎22．Among the 10 zoos, the best one for children is________.‎ A.Howletts Wild Animal Park　 B．Colchester Zoo C．Twycross Zoo D．London Zoo 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Colchester Zoo中介绍的“it is very childfriendly and offers lots of handson activities”可知，这家动物园最适合孩子，故答案选B。‎ ‎23．What is the feature of Paignton Zoo?‎ A．It has both animal and plant species.‎ B．It has the largest number of animals.‎ C．Tourists can get close to the animals there.‎ D．It holds the world's largest collection of plant species.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Paignton Zoo的简介可知这家动物园除了动物还有1 600多种植物，并且是英国首家动植物园，故答案选A。‎ ‎24．The passage is meant to________.‎ A．compare 10 zoos B．attract kids to zoos C．introduce 10 popular zoos D．show the history of 10 zoos 解析：选C　主旨大意题。根据文章首段内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国最好的10家动物园，故答案选C。‎ B To encourage all students to get education, even if their parents can't afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant a tree instead of paying school fees. The project was set up by a group of local professionals and business owners in response to India's rapidly rising education fees.‎ The parents have to take care of the tree and plant a new one if it dies — but compared to the cost of traditional school fees, it's a small price to pay. And it comes with the added bonus of helping to improve local air quality.‎ The school is Shiksha Kuteer in the city of Ambikapur in the east of the country. 35 students between the ages of four and five are ‎ studying there. By offering an affordable way to get students into school, Shiksha Kuteer is encouraging education for everyone.‎ So far, the school has received a positive response, and 700 trees have been planted across the village over the last year. “Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay school fees，” local villager, Sevak Das, said. “Students are being taught till a certain standard and their parents have been asked to plant trees instead of paying school fess.”‎ This is just one small school in a small village in India, but if the approach is efficacious,_it could be something that other schools look into. And it can't hurt, because every day, air pollution becomes a worsening problem in many parts of India. While a few trees aren't going to solve that problem any time soon, making families plant and take care of a tree — and replace it if it dies — is a way to encourage positive airpurifying (净化空气) action, as well as helping to educate the next generation.‎ 语篇解读：印度恰蒂斯加尔邦(Chhattisgarh)的一所小学允许父母种植一棵树苗来充当学费，这么做的目的是为了鼓励更多的学生接受教育，即便是那些家境困难的孩子。‎ ‎25．What is the main purpose of the project?‎ A．To help parents earn money to pay school fees.‎ B．To encourage all students to get education.‎ C．To tell the next generation to take care of trees.‎ D．To encourage people to protect the environment.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段“To encourage all students to get education, even if their parents can't afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh is asking parents to simply ‎ plant a tree instead of paying school fees.”可知，为了鼓励所有的学生都受到教育，即使他们的父母支付不起，印度Chhattisgarh的一所小学允许父母仅仅种一棵树来替代学费。‎ ‎26．What can we know about Shiksha Kuteer?‎ A．It is opened for students who are poor.‎ B．It has 700 students studying in the school.‎ C．It doesn't get the support of students' parents.‎ D．It encourages students to study hard by reducing school fees.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay school fees，’local villager, Sevak Das, said.”可知，当地村民Sevak Das说，“Shiksha Kuteer是为没钱交学费的学生开设的。”即Shiksha Kuteer是为贫困学生开设的。‎ ‎27．What does the underlined word “efficacious” mean?‎ A．Simple. B．Necessary.‎ C．Effective. D．Important.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“it could be something that other schools look into. And it can't hurt, because every day, air pollution becomes a worsening problem in many parts of India.”可知，这对其他学校来说就是个值得借鉴的案例。该方法并无不妥，因为在印度很多地区，空气污染问题正变得日益严重。由此可知画线词含义为“有效的”。‎ ‎28．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Education and the environment have a close relationship.‎ B．A new way to improve the environment appears in India.‎ C．Indian people devote themselves to protecting the ‎ environment.‎ D．An Indian primary school asks parents to plant trees instead of paying school fees.‎ 解析：选D　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了印度一所名字叫作Shiksha Kuteer的小学让父母种植树苗代替学费以鼓励所有的学生接受教育。‎ C ‎(2018·湖北大冶模拟)Actress Danai Gurira calls herself a Zimerican. Her parents came from Zimbabwe. She was born in the American State of Iowa. But her family moved back to Harare, Zimbabwe, when she was five years old. She returned to the United States for college and has lived there ever since.‎ ‎“I was always in a hodgepodge of culture，” she said. “There's no other identity I know, really.” The actress may be best known as Michonne, the zombiekiller in the television series The Walking Dead. But when Gurira is not killing zombies, she is busy with other projects. She recently played rapper Tupac Shakur's mother in a film. And she is now busy racing between theaters for two plays in New York City — plays that she wrote.‎ Her play Familiar is an offBroadway comedydrama. It centers on the cultural clashes between American and African traditions. The play takes place in the State of Minnesota. The eldest daughter of Zimbabwean parents is getting married to a white man. The story was taken from her own observations, Gurira said，“I was at a wedding and I was just struck by all of my family's absurdities － and my own included. And I just knew I couldn't not write about it！”The upper middleclass life of Familiar may seem familiar to ‎ many American audiences.‎ But the setting of her play Eclipsed — Gurira's Broadway debut (首次登台) — is something else entirely. Gurira decided to write Eclipsed after reading a New York Times story about the civil war in Liberia, and the young women who fought in it. She described it like this. “These were, like, 22， 23yearold girls, women, who had, like, you know, little skimpy jeans on, little skimpy tops, and really looked cool and hip and current and then, they had these big AK47s on their backs.” Gurira went to Liberia and met with women who were former soldiers and peace negotiators. She wrote the play based on their stories.‎ 语篇解读：女演员达娜·古瑞拉将在非洲的生活经历带入美国，并结合自身的经历进行戏剧创作和演出，而这些体现了不同文化之间的碰撞。‎ ‎29．The underlined word “hodgepodge” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．center B．dispute C．understanding D．mixture 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据文章第一段可知，达娜·古瑞拉出生于美国，后随家人搬回津巴布韦，然后返回美国接受大学教育，之后便一直生活在美国。因此，达娜·古瑞拉接受着多民族、多文化的教育。由此可推测，hodgepodge意为“大杂烩”，与mixture意思相近。故选D项。‎ ‎30．What can we learn about Familiar?‎ A．It is a reflection of culture shock.‎ B．Gurira is getting married to a white man as the eldest ‎ daughter.‎ C．Gurira was sorry for her wedding in the U．S.‎ D．The story is from a magazine.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“It centers on the cultural clashes between American and African traditions.”可知，戏剧Familiar以美国和非洲的文化冲突为主要关注点，因此是文化冲突的反映。故选A项。‎ ‎31．What's the best title of the text?‎ A．Culture Is the Key to Solving Problems B．Actress Brings African Experiences to America C．A Good African Writer D．No Discrimination, No War 解析：选B　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了女演员达娜·古瑞拉将非洲的生活经历带入美国，在她创作和演出的戏剧中体现非洲元素的故事，因此B项作为文章标题最适合。A项强调了文化的重要性，C项强调她是一位非洲的好作家，D项强调歧视和战争的关系，都没有从全文着眼，故排除。‎ D Egloo is a clever little heater that uses the power of tealights (茶烛) to heat space up to 20 square feet for as little as 10 cents a day, without using any electricity.‎ Developed by Marco Zagaria, a student at the Academy of Fine Arts in Rome, Egloo is both cheap to use and ecofriendly. Made up of two small terracotta (赤陶) domes and a metal tray, the device takes advantage of the natural heating ability of these materials, drawing heat from just four tealights placed inside it and releasing it ‎ in your living space.‎ It may look basic in its shape, materials used and the fact that it has no fancy switches to fiddle with, but Egloo is actually 3Dprinted so it's actually a lot more hightech than most electric heaters on the market today. At about seven inches wide and weighing just over two pounds, Egloo won't take up too much space, and can be easily moved around at any time. Just make sure you don't touch it directly, as it tends to get pretty hot.‎ According to creator Marco Zagaria，“After only 30 minutes, the temperature of the environment surrounding the Egloo will be increased between 2 and 3 degrees Celsius.” Considering it runs on just four tealights, each with a burning time of about five hours, you can expect this little guy to make your room very warm and comfortable for just around 10 cents per day.‎ Egloo started crowdfunded through an Indiegogo campaign last year, blowing past its initial (最初的) goal of ＄30,000 and raking in ＄262,513 by the end of the campaign. It's currently available for purchase via the Egloo website, for anywhere between ＄50 and ＄100, depending on size, color and glaze. Considering some users pay that much for heat every couple of weeks, the price seems very attractive.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。一款小小的依靠茶烛的力量就能够加热的加热器问世，它小巧、成本低，深受欢迎。‎ ‎32．What is unique concerning Egloo?‎ A．It uses the power of tealights.‎ B．It was developed by a student.‎ C．It's made with 3D printing technology.‎ D．No fancy switches make it more attractive.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but Egloo is actually 3Dprinted”可知，它独特的地方在于它是3D打印的。‎ ‎33．What should be cautious while using Egloo?‎ A．Its space. B．Weight.‎ C．Price. D．Temperature.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“Just make sure you don't touch it directly, as it tends to get pretty hot.”可知，在用茶烛时应该当心的是温度。‎ ‎34．The fourth paragraph mainly develops________.‎ A．by emphasizing the low cost of the Egloo B．by showing the high demand of the Egloo C．by listing the effectiveness of the Egloo D．by encouraging people to own the Egloo 解析：选C　推理判断题。第四段提到：只用三十分钟，它周围环境的温度就能够升高两三度；只用四个茶蜡大约五个小时，房间就非常暖和舒适，每天仅仅花费大约10美分。由此可知本段主要通过列举其有效性展开的。故选择C项。‎ ‎35．What is people's attitude towards the Indiegogo campaign last year?‎ A．Curious. B．Favorable.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Opposed.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的句子“Egloo started crowdfunded through an Indiegogo campaign last year, blowing past its initial goal of ＄30,000 and raking in ＄262,513 by the end of the campaign.”‎ 可知，资金众筹的效果非常显著，公众非常支持，故选择B项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ Benefits of Verbal Communication Verbal communication can be explained as exchanging ideas and thoughts by using words. As humans, verbal communication is very essential because through this we are able to communicate, learn and understand each other.__36__ The following are some of the benefits of communicating verbally.‎ ‎__37__‎ When there is verbal communication, people are able to express themselves quite clearly. They can be able to emphasize certain ideas, views and insights as they give examples thus promoting a clear understanding among the communicators.‎ Provide better understanding.‎ With verbal communication, you can be able to understand people better. When you speak to someone and they respond to you as well as you continue to engage in a conversation, you will get to understand this person more because you are able to explore his emotions as well as body language through his words. With communication, there is no guess work.__38__‎ Give satisfaction.‎ Whenever you engage in a verbal communication, you are able to express what is on your mind.__39__ And however much you may never get all your requests met at any particular time, it is satisfactory to know that you are able to get your thoughts and desires recognized and understood.‎ Increase popularity.‎ Effective communication is done by both verbal and nonverbal ‎ communication. However, the verbal communication is the most successful when it comes to discussing, explaining and giving examples. __40__ It is because they are able to express themselves clearly therefore understanding others as well.‎ A．Take less time.‎ B．Give clear expression.‎ C．It is a wonderful feeling to express yourself.‎ D．You can understand exactly what the other person is saying to you.‎ E．People who have good verbal communication can easily make friends.‎ F．You will find it hard to understand what others are really talking about.‎ G．Through verbal communication, besides, we are also able to build relationships and trust.‎ 语篇解读：作为人类，语言交流非常重要。本文介绍了语言交流带给我们的几点好处。‎ ‎36．解析：选G　设空处前介绍了语言交流带给我们的好处，空后一句引出下文，因此，设空处应是介绍通过语言交流的其他好处。故选G项，该项中的Through verbal communication，are also able to照应上一句中的through this(this指代verbal communication)及are able to。‎ ‎37．解析：选B　设空处点明了该部分的主题，根据下文的关键词“express themselves quite clearly”可知，本部分主要讲语言交流能够使人们表达得更清楚，故选B项。‎ ‎38．解析：选D　根据Provide better ‎ understanding可知，本部分讲述语言交流可以使人与人之间更好地理解。再结合上文的“you can be able to understand people better”可知，选D项。‎ ‎39．解析：选C　根据Give satisfaction及下文的 “... it is satisfactory to know that you are able to get your thoughts and desires recognized and understood.”可知，语言交流能够给人以满足感。C项(表达自己是一种很棒的感觉)符合语境。‎ ‎40．解析：选E　根据空后的 “... therefore understanding others as well.”可知，此处指语言交流可以使人们更好地理解别人，从而更容易与别人成为朋友。故选E项。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ Access to electricity has always been limited for people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a remote village in Peru. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 __41__ a flood damaged the power station in the area. The villagers were __42__ to turn to kerosene (煤油) lamps, which are not only expensive but also __43__ because of the poisonous matter they give off.‎ ‎__44__， the researchers and students at the Universidad de Ingenieríay Tecnología (UTEC) in Lima, Peru heard about their __45__ situation and came up with a creative solution. They __46__ a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be found __47__ in the Amazonian rainforests where the village is located. Called Plantalámparas, the __48__ draws energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to __49__ an LED bulb.‎ While that may sound complicated and even impossible, it is ‎ quite __50__. The waste produced by plants undergoes oxidization (氧化作用) in the soil, which produces electrons (电子). The UTEC team placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil to __51__ the energy and store it in the lamp's batteries for __52__ use. The researchers say a single charge can light an LED bulb for two hours — enough __53__ for people to get their evening chores done. The university __54__ ten such lamps to Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge __55__！ Elmer Ramirez, UTEC's professor, believes the plant powered lamps could also help improve the lives of thousands of other __56__ rainforest communities, 42% of which have no access to __57__.‎ This is not the __58__ time the students and professors of UTEC have come up with a(n) __59__ solution to a problem. In 2014, to deal with Peru's severe __60__ pollution they created a large advertising board that could be used as an air purifier (净化器) as well!‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。秘鲁UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村用电难的问题发明了一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。‎ ‎41．A.after　　　　　　　　　 B．though C．unless D．until 解析：选A　根据本句中的“from bad to worse”可知，在洪水毁了当地的发电站“后(after)”， Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题更加严重。‎ ‎42．A.advised B．taught C．asked D．forced 解析：选D　没有电，村民们“被迫(forced)”使用煤油灯。‎ ‎43．A.disappointing B．inconvenient C．strange D．dangerous 解析：选D　根据本空后的“the poisonous matter”可知，使用煤油灯很“危险(dangerous)”。‎ ‎44．A.Fortunately B．Suddenly C．Certainly D．Usually 解析：选A　根据下文内容可知，“幸运的是(Fortunately)”，UTEC大学的师生们想出了一个好主意帮助村民。‎ ‎45．A.real B．embarrassing C．bad D．unstable 解析：选C　根据上文内容可知，Nuevo Saposoa村的村民无电可用，情况很“糟糕(bad)”。‎ ‎46．A.bought B．designed C．discovered D．repaired 解析：选B　根据本空后的“a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil”可知，他们“设计出(designed)”一种利用植物和土壤供电的灯。‎ ‎47．A.in detail B．in time C．in harmony D．in abundance 解析：选D　只有制作新型灯的材料容易获得，这项发明才有可能得到广泛使用。故此处in abundance(大量地)符合语境。‎ ‎48．A.village B．lamp C．rainforest D．soil 解析：选B　根据本空前的Called和本空后的“draws energy”可知，这种“灯(lamp)”名叫Plantalámparas，从植物中获取电能。‎ ‎49．A.light up B．make up C．give up D．use up 解析：选A　本空前的it指代本句中的energy，表示这种灯利用从植物中获得的电能“点亮(light up)”LED灯泡。‎ ‎50．A.widespread B．straightforward C．wellknown D．laborsaving 解析：选B　本句开头的While表示对比或相反的情况，因此这里指尽管从植物中获取电能听上去很复杂，甚至不可能，但其实并“不难(straightforward)”。‎ ‎51．A.waste B．save C．produce D．direct 解析：选C　根据本空前的“placed electrodes (电极) inside the soil”可知，UTEC大学的团队把电极放进土壤就是为了“发(produce)”电。‎ ‎52．A.additional B．free C．regular D．later 解析：选D　根据本句中的store可知，把电能存进电池里是为了“以后的(later)”使用。‎ ‎53．A.energy B．space C．time D．brightness 解析：选C　根据本空前的“two hours”可知，两个小时的“时间(time)”足够人们完成夜间琐事了。‎ ‎54．A.distributed B．sold C．lent D．returned 解析：选A　根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生发明这种新型灯就是为了帮助Nuevo ‎ Saposoa村的村民，所以他们完成发明后给该村“分发了(distributed)”十个这种灯。‎ ‎55．A.success B．challenge C．change D．surprise 解析：选A　根据下句中的“could also help ...”可知，这些灯很“成功(success)”，所以UTEC大学的教授认为它们也可以被推广到其他地方。‎ ‎56．A.nearby B．small C．remote D．ancient 解析：选C　解析见下题。‎ ‎57．A.education B．electricity C．technology D．entertainment 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，UTEC大学的师生为了解决偏远乡村Nuevo Saposoa村用电难的问题才发明了这种灯，因此这里指将这种灯推广到其他用“电(electricity)”难的“偏远的(remote)”乡村。‎ ‎58．A.best B．first C．accurate D．normal 解析：选B　解析见下题。‎ ‎59．A.clever B．simple C．temporary D．immediate 解析：选A　根据下句内容可知，这不是UTEC大学的师生“第一次(first)”想出这么“聪明的(clever)”点子。‎ ‎60．A.noise B．water C．air D．vehicle 解析：选C　根据本句中的“an air purifier (净化器)”‎ 可知，这个也可以充当空气净化器的广告牌是用来应对秘鲁严重的“空气(air)”污染的。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Tins of cooling ointment (清凉油) have become a currency for Chinese traveling in Egypt.‎ ‎__61__ (visit) the complex of ancient temples at Karnak, Chinese tourist Mr. Ye lost his way among the stone churches and pillars.‎ An Egyptian guide gave him directions. To show his __62__ (appreciate), Mr. Ye handed him a small red tin the size of a large coin. Inside __63__ (be) a cooling ointment that has the function of refreshing mind and preventing pain. Mr. Ye brought 50 tins with him on his sixday tour to hand out as tips.‎ ‎“Before I came to Egypt, the tourism agency told me __64__ (repeat) to bring the cooling balm as a gift to make the trip __65__ (easy)，” said Mr. Ye, a 25yearold __66__ family sells Chinese medicine online. Egyptians, he said, are very nice to Chinese tourists, __67__ they love this little gift.‎ Egyptians sometimes demand the balm by running a thumb across their foreheads. Li Xiaodong, an Egyptologist at China's Northeast Normal University, believes Chinese travelers initially brought the cooling balm for __68__ (person) use because it's very hot in Egypt, and then __69__ (discover) Egyptians liked it.‎ Some Chinese tourists said giving gifts was better than handing over money. “If you give essential balm, __70__ is more like you're giving it to friends，” said one Chinese tourist.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 前往埃及旅游的中国游客必定会带上硬币大小的里面装有清凉油的红色锡盒，并把它们作为小费送给当地人。没想到在中国随处可见的清凉油竟然成了埃及人们眼中的宝贝。‎ ‎61．Visiting　考查非谓语动词。中国游客叶先生在参观卡纳克神庙时，在石头教堂和石柱间迷路了。这里visit动作是Mr. Ye发出的，故用现在分词形式作状语。‎ ‎62．appreciation　考查名词。一位埃及导游给他指了路。为了表达谢意，叶先生送给了导游一个大的硬币大小的红色锡盒。show是及物动词，后面接名词作宾语。‎ ‎63．was　考查动词的时态及主谓一致。盒子里面便是有提神醒脑、镇痛作用的清凉油。本句以Inside开头，使用了倒装结构。因此，谓语的单复数取决于后面就近的主语a cooling ointment, 而且事情是发生在过去，故填was。‎ ‎64．repeatedly　考查副词。在来埃及之前，旅行社反复告诉他，为使旅途更轻松要带上清凉油做礼物。这里要用副词来修饰动词told。‎ ‎65．easier　考查比较级。这里指有了清凉油，在埃及的旅途就会更轻松，故用比较级。‎ ‎66．whose　考查定语从句。25岁的叶先生家里就是在网上卖中药的。Mr. Ye后面接了一个定语从句，family前缺少定语，所以用whose来引导。‎ ‎67．and　考查连词。埃及人对中国游客非常好，而且他们很喜欢这样的小礼物。前后句显然是并列关系，故用and。‎ ‎68．personal　考查形容词。中国东北师范大学埃及古物学者李晓东认为，中国游客一开始把清凉油带到埃及，是为了方便个人使用。personal意思是“个人的”，为形容词。‎ ‎69．discovered　考查动词的时态。中国游客一开始把清凉油带到埃及是为了方便个人使用，但后来发现埃及人喜欢清凉油。根据 ‎“... brought ... and then ...”可知，bring和discover属于并列的谓语动词，都是讲过去的事情，故使用一般过去时。‎ ‎70．it　考查代词。如果你送清凉油，就像是给朋友送礼物。这里用代词it来指代前句“送清凉油这件事情”。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ How time flies！I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while it's time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths, chemistry and physics, none of which was easily for me.‎ And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I had attended my uncle's wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my disappoint, I didn't get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling “Red Lobster”．The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.‎ 答案：第二句：while→when; time后加to 第三句：spend→spent; easily→easy 第四句：And→But 第五句：去掉had 第六句：disappoint→disappointment; many→much 第八句：calling→called 第九句：myself→ourselves 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David寒假期间想来你所在的城市学习汉语，让你帮他选择培训学校。请用英语给他写一封电子邮件，推荐一所理想的培训学校，并告知他学习时间、课程内容、食宿、交通及学费等情况。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear David，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear David，‎ You're welcome to our city to learn Chinese during the winter vacation. I'm happy to recommend a nice training school to you.‎ The 21st Century Chinese Training School is wellknown for providing training for foreign learners of Chinese. It lies in downtown Zhengzhou, where many buses are available. It offers a series of training courses during the winter vacation either from January 10 to January 25 or from February 10 to February 25. You can learn standard Chinese and something about Chinese culture and local customs as well. The school provides free board and lodging, but the training fee is 5,000 yuan for a period. Is it suitable for you?‎ I'm looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．It is my family finances that prohibit my going (go) to college.‎ ‎2．No reference books are to be taken out of the reading room without permission.‎ ‎3．The name you just mentioned sounds familiar to me.‎ ‎4．The whole class congratulated me on/upon winning the first place in the final exams.‎ ‎5．Everyone in this town knew him, so we had no difficulty_finding (find) his house.‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎1．I'm not accustomed to stay out so late and I am extremely tired.stay→staying ‎2．Time permitted, I will go to Hainan the coming winter holiday.permitted→permitting ‎3．Allow me to offer my warm congratulation to you on the success of your performance. congratulation→congratulations ‎4．If a person moves from one country to another, he must adjust into the customs and the way of life. into→to ‎5．His explanation did not seem adequate to account of what had happened. of→for ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．I_dislike_it_when I am disturbed during my work.‎ 我不喜欢在工作时间被人打扰。‎ ‎2．The_reason_why he doesn't go to school is_that it is Sunday ‎ today.‎ 他没上学的原因是今天是星期天。‎ ‎3．He accustomed_himself_to the new job as soon as possible.‎ 他使自己尽可能快地习惯于新的工作。‎ ‎4．People are_prohibited_from_riding bicycles on the sidewalk.‎ 人们被禁止在人行道上骑自行车。‎ ‎5．Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn't_taken_anything_in.‎ 这一章我读到一半才意识到我根本没看懂。‎