【英语】天津市十二区县重点中学2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

【英语】天津市十二区县重点中学2020届高三一模试题（解析版）

天津市十二区县重点中学2020届高三一模 英语试题 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节；满分45分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎1.— Tommy, you seem to be overjoyed!‎ ‎—_____ ? I have just received the offer from the Sydney University.‎ A. Guess what B. What for C. What if D. So what ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查交际用语及习惯表达。句意：—Tommy，你看起来很高兴! 猜猜怎么着？ —我刚收到悉尼大学的录取通知。A. Guess what你猜猜看；B. What for因为什么；C. What if 假若……怎么办； D. So what那又怎样；分析句意可知，Guess what“你猜猜看”符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎2.Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous_________, because it gives a fairer picture of how the student has done during the whole year.‎ A. arrangement B. assessment C. argument D. approach ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：现在大多数学校更喜欢采用连续评估，因为这样能更公平地反映学生一年来的表现。A. arrangement 安排；B. assessment 评估；C. argument争论; 争辨；D. approach方法。根据后面的“这样能更公平地反映学生一年来的表现”，可知，此处应是对学生进行连续的评估（assessment），故选B。‎ ‎3.Catherine, along with two other boys in our school, _________to New York to pick up the prizes the other day.‎ A. are invited B. is invited C. were invited D. was invited ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：凯瑟琳，和我们学校的两个男孩，七天前被邀请去纽 约拿奖品。根据the other day判断为一般过去时，又along with“和……一起”适用就远原则，所以主语只看Catherine，是为单数，与谓语第动词invite是被动关系，故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查就远原则 就远原则即谓语动词的形式要和离它最远的主语保持一致，常见的适用救援原则的词或短语有：with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, rather than等，例如：‎ ‎1. He, as well as his two sons, often goes fishing.他和他的两个儿子常常去钓鱼。‎ ‎2. I rather than you are to blame.我，而非你，应该被责备。‎ ‎4._________we relieve pressure in a proper way, we can relax ourselves and keep away from its bad effects.‎ A. So that B. As long as C. Even if D. As though ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：只要我们用适当的方法缓解压力，我们就可以让自己放松，并且远离它带来的不好影响。A. So that因此；B. As long as只要；C. Even if尽管，即使；D.As though好像。根据后句“we can relax ourselves and keep away from its bad effects.”可知，此处用as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。故选B项 ‎5.Children have a natural _________about the world around them and they tend to keep asking questions about it.‎ A. phenomenon B. atmosphere C. appreciation D. curiosity ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们对周围的世界有着天然的好奇心，并且他们倾向于一直问关于它的问题。A. phenomenon现象；B. atmosphere氛围；C. appreciation欣赏；D. curiosity好奇心。根据they tend to keep asking questions about it.可知此处用“好奇心”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎6.After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to _________among the candidates and survive the test alone.‎ A figure out B. put out C. stand out D. give out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在无数的采访和报告后，我成功地在这些候选人中脱颖而出，独自挺过了考验。A. figure out解决，理解；B. put out熄灭；C. stand out突出；D. give out释放，放出。根据survive the test alone可知此处用“在候选人中脱颖而出”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎7.—Why don't we go for a swim? I hear there are lots of tropical fish.‎ ‎—_________. I can use my new video camera; it's waterproof.‎ A. My pleasure B. Good idea C. It doesn't matter D. You are welcome ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们去游泳怎么样？听说有很多热带鱼。——好主意。我可以用我的新摄像机，它是防水的。A. My pleasure不客气；B. Good idea好主意；C. It doesn't matter没关系；D. You are welcome不用谢。根据I can use my new video camera可知听话人要去游泳，故此处用“好主意”表达同意说话人的提议，故选B项。‎ ‎8.— John graduated from college at a very young age.‎ ‎— Oh, he _________a very smart boy then.‎ A. could have been B. must have been C. should be D. might be ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：---约翰很年轻就从大学毕业了。---哦，那他一定是个很聪明的孩子。根据“ John graduated from college at a very young age.”可知，must have been表示对过去肯定的猜测，“过去一定做了某事”。故选B项。‎ ‎9.Chinn’s second aircraft carrier, _________construction took more than six years, entered service at the end of 2019.‎ A. whose B. which C. where D. that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国第二艘航母建造历时6年多，于2019年底投入使用。分析句子可知此处为所填空引导的非限制性定语从句，Chinn’s second aircraft carrier(中国第二艘航母)是先行词，construction和Chinn’s second aircraft carrier是所属关系，故用 whose 作定语，相当于the construction of Chinn’s second aircraft carrier，故填 whose。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为Chinn’s second aircraft carrier，再分析先行词Chinn’s second aircraft carrier在定语从句中所作的成分，construction和Chinn’s second aircraft carrier是所属关系，故用 whose 作定语。故填 whose。‎ ‎10.At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, _________cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds.‎ A. sold B. having sold C. selling D. being sold ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了筹钱，一个慈善组织已经在超市门前搭起了摊位卖煮香肠和鲜花。分析句子可知，此处的selling为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为a charity group，构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词。主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。‎ ‎11.Now that _________energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, is friendly to the environment, we should fully employ it.‎ A. effective B. alternative C. sensitive D. creative ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：既然太阳能、风能和水等替代能源对环境友好，我们就应该充分利用它。A. effective有效的；B. alternative可替代的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. creative创造性。根据句中的such as sunlight, wind and water(比如太阳能、风能和水)可知此处表示的是可替代能源。故选B项。‎ ‎12._________the great contributions he made to the film industry; the committee awarded Chaplin ‎ a special Oscar in 1972.‎ A. In view of B. In place of C. In ease of D. In terms of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：鉴于他对电影业的巨大贡献，委员会于1972年授予卓别林特别奥斯卡奖。A. In view of鉴于; 考虑到 B. In place of代替；C. In ease of容易；D. In terms of在……方面，就……而言。分析句意可知，此处表示的意思是“鉴于他对电影业的巨大贡献，委员会于1972年授予卓别林特别奥斯卡奖”。故选A。‎ ‎13.Mr, Smith, manager of the department, decided to assign the important task to _________had a strong sense of responsibility.‎ A. whatever B. whichever C. whoever D. whomever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：部门经理史密斯先生，决定把这个重要的认为安排给那些有强烈责任感的人。A. whatever无论什么；B. whichever无论哪一个；C. whoever无论谁；D. whomever无论谁。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少主语，且指人，应用连接代词whoever，故选C项。‎ ‎14._________a few activities successfully, Jackson becomes much more confident about himself and determines to be a host.‎ A. Organising B. Having organised C. Organised D. To organise ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经成功地组织了一些活动，Jackson对他自己变得更自信，并决定当一个主持人。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Jackson和organize之间是主动关系，且该动作发生在谓语动作“变”之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done，故选B项。‎ ‎15.In addition to filling stomachs of his family, he _________himself to improving the quality of the homeless people’s life for years,‎ A. has been devoting B. would devote C. is devoting D. devotes ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：除了填饱家里的肚子，他多年来一直致力于改善无家可归者的生活质量。根据句中for years好多年来，使用时主句时态要用完成时；结合句中improving the quality of the homeless people’s life可知，这个动作是在过去发生，一致持续到现在，还将延续下去，所以要用现在完成进行时。故选A项。‎ 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下而短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以埴入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。‎ It’s a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and ___16___ to make a real difference. But all that changed when I ___17___ my good-deed-a-day project.‎ My daughter, Emily, was my primary ___18___. I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be ___19___.‎ The first week, I wasn’t sure if I could ___20___ it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I ___21___ a blind man in the subway station. He ___22___ as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a ___23___ nursing home......I could only hope I was arousing ___24___ in others.‎ After just a few days, ___25___ I found it easier than I’d expected. I knew I was making a/an ___26___.‎ Every evening at the dinner table, I ___27___ that day’s good deed to Emily. Emily began ___28___ what I’d started. On a walk home from school, she ___29___ to a neighbour’s pot of geraniums (天竺葵), which had toppled (摇晃) in the wind, and set it right. “That was my good deed for the day!” she yelled. Another day, she helped me collect ___30___ from our neighbours for the food bank. We dropped off the food and, ___31___ we drove away, Emily announced ___32___ that she wanted to work there one day.‎ By the last week, I knew I’d changed. At first, I hadn’t been entirely ___33___ that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second ___34___. I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, ___35___ looking the other way. I felt as though I’d awakened,‎ ‎ somehow.‎ ‎16. A. energy B. space C. wisdom D. salary ‎17. A. stopped B. started C. forgot D. remembered ‎18. A. donation B. expectation C. celebration D. inspiration ‎19. A. lucky B. clever C. happy D. merciful ‎20. A. get B. manage C. put D. appreciate ‎21. A. watched B. waited C. guided D. ordered ‎22. A. smiled B. sighed C. frowned D. jumped ‎23 A‎. popular B. distant C. deserted D. local ‎24. A. interest B. mercy C. awareness D. praise ‎25. A. though B. besides C. therefore D. also ‎26. A. discovery B. difference C. mistake D. fortune ‎27. A. reminded B. pointed C. recalled D. described ‎28. A. criticizing B. sharing C. laughing D. praising ‎29. A. marched over B. pulled over C. turned over D. fell over ‎30. A. money B. vegetables C. donations D. clothes ‎31. A. before B. since C. until D. as ‎32. A. proudly B. eagerly C. anxiously D. casually ‎33. A. concerned B. convinced C. expected D. persuaded ‎34. A. scene B. language C. nature D. skill ‎35. A. by means of B. regardless of C. as well as D. instead of ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者长期以来认为自己只是太忙，无法花费太多的时间、金钱和精力为社区作出贡献，但是通过“日行一善”的计划，作者和女儿帮助了别人，也改变了自己。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，我们许多人发现自己只是太忙，无法为我们的社区作出贡献。作者长期以来也认为这要花费太多的时间、金钱和精力(energy) 。A. energy精力；B. space空间；C. wisdom智慧；D. salary薪水。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上文，作者叙述自己先前的看法在开始(started)了日行一善的计划之后发生了改变。A. stopped停止；B. started开始；C. forgot忘记；D. remembered记得。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，作者讲到自己日行一善的初衷是源于对子女的积极影响。I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others，表明“影响女儿才是作者行善的原动力(primary inspiration)”A. donation捐献；B. expectation期待；C. celebration庆祝；D. inspiration动力。故选D 。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的形容词辨析。依据上下文，作者让女儿知道通过帮助别人可以获得幸福。A. lucky幸运；B. clever聪明；C. happy幸福；D. merciful怜悯。故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上下文，作者开始自己日行一善的计划，第一周，自己不确定能否成功。Manage it做成某事。A. get得到；B. manage设法；C. put放下；D. appreciate欣赏。故选B。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上下文，作者上网求助得到启发，开始帮助身边之所需。一天，领着(guided)一个盲人过地铁站。A. watched观察；B. waited等待；C. guided带领；D. ordered命令。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上下文，作者在地铁站帮助盲人，对方微笑(smiled)以表示感谢。A. smiled微笑；B. sighed叹气；C. frowned皱眉；D. jumped跳跃。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的形容词辨析。依据上下文，作者叙述另一次行善活动，把自己园子里的花送给当地(local)的一家疗养院。文章开头contribute to our communities有暗示。A. popular受欢迎的；B. distant遥远的；C. deserted荒芜的；D. local当地的。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，作者希望通过自己的行动唤起他人心中乐于助人的意识(awareness)。A. interest兴趣；B. mercy同情；C. awareness意识；D. praise赞扬。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的副词辨析。依据上文The first week, I wasn’t sure if I could manage it. 然而(though)，几天之后，我发现比预料的要容易。though此处为副词，表转折。A. though然而；B. besides此外；C. therefore因此；D. also也。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，作者开始疑虑日行一善是否能成功，通过几天的实践后发现，日行一善要比预料的容易的多。自己也知道自己正在产生影响(make a difference)。A. discovery发现；B. difference不同；C. mistake错误；D. fortune财富，运气。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。作者晚上回家，把自己白天行善的事情描述(described)给女儿听。A. reminded提醒；B. pointed指出；C. recalled回忆；D. described描述。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上下文，作者言传身教，对女儿产生影响，女儿Emily开始参与(share)到日行一善的活动中来。share ~(in) sth: have a share in sth; participate in sth 分摊或分享某事物；参与某事物。A. criticizing批评；B. sharing分享；C. laughing嘲笑；D. praising表扬。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词短语辨析。依据上下文，女儿受到inspiration开始善举行动，看到邻居家的花盆在风中摇摇欲坠，走上前去，伸手扶正。A. marched over走过去；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. turned over掀翻，打翻；D. fell over摔跤，跌倒。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，女儿受大人影响，也开始做好事。这里帮助妈妈收集社区邻居的捐赠(donations)。A. money钱；B. vegetables蔬菜；C. donations捐赠；D. clothes衣物。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的连词辨析。依据上下文，母女俩一起做好事，在离开舍粥处时，女儿自豪地说将来要在这里工作。女儿因为帮助人而内心感到幸福自豪。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的副词辨析。参考16题。A. proudly骄傲地；B. eagerly急切地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. casually随意地。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的动词辨析。依据上下文，作者开始并不完全相信自己能日行一善。Be convinced相信，信服。A. concerned关心；B. convinced信服；C. expected期待；D. persuaded说服。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的名词辨析。依据上下文，最后，日行一善成了作者的第二天性。nature表示typical qualities and characteristics of a person or an animal (人或动物的)本性，天性。A. scene场景；B. language语言；C. nature本性；D. skill技巧。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查上下文语境中的固定短语辨析。依据上下文，助人为乐已成为作者的天性。因此每每看到有需要帮助的时候，自己就感到有施以援手的责任，而不是听之任之。A. by means of通过；B. regardless of不管，不顾；C. as well as也；D. instead of代替，而不是…。故选D。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选顶。‎ A A polished resume is essential for a successful school or job application. A clear structure and well organized content can be the difference between success and failure.‎ Structuring your resume ‎(1) Create a header with your name and contact information. At the top of the page、type your full name, address, phone number and email address. There are also down loadable templates(模板)available online. If none of them appeals to you. however, you can always use your own design,‎ ‎(2) Use a chronological(时间顺序排列的)resume. In a chronological resume, you list your work and education experiences, starting with your most recent experience.‎ ‎(3) Include your relevant education, awards or training. Typically, your highest academic qualification is the only one you need to include on your resume. However, you can add lesser achievements if they are relevant to a job's requirements.‎ If you had a cumulative(累积的)GPA of 3.5 or higher, feel free to include it. Otherwise, it would be best to leave it out. If you’re listing more than one degree, include your GPA on both of them, if possible.‎ ‎(4) List work experience, including relevant volunteer work and internships. Use specific job titles and short explanations that tell potential employers exactly what you did, what skills you gained and how they could be useful in a new job.‎ ‎(5) Try a functional resume, if you lack direct work experience. With a functional resume you can highlight your specific skills and resources without having to list previous jobs. A functional resume emphasizes what you can do rather than what you've done.‎ Making your content shine ‎(1) Place keywords in your resume strategically. Schools or employers often use software to scan resumes for specific keywords.‎ ‎(2) Add hobbies and interests, if they relate to the job. A section for hobbies and interests is usually considered optional. However, you should include only hobbies or interests that would benefit an employer. For example, if the job requires good teamwork, you can say that you were captain of your high school basketball team.‎ ‎(3) Proofread before sending your resume. Don't only rely on the grammar and spelling checkers built into your word processing app. Read through your resume several times to make sure it's error-free.‎ ‎(4) Save your resume as a PDF file. Most schools and employers prefer to use PDFS for online safety reasons. So don't forget to convert your document before you send it.‎ ‎36. How should you present your job and education experiences on a resume?‎ A. Begin with your most successful experience.‎ B. Start with your most recent experience.‎ C. Include as many details as possible.‎ D. Only introduce your highest degree.‎ ‎37. When should you leave your GPA out of your resume?‎ A. If your total GPA was below 3.5.‎ B. If your cumulative GPA was below 4.0.‎ C. If you're listing more than one degree.‎ D. If you are still a student.‎ ‎38. What should you do if you don't have much work experience according to the text?‎ A. List every job you've done before.‎ B. Talk about how much you know about the job.‎ C. Focus on your abilities and skills related to the job.‎ D. Share what you've learned from your previous work.‎ ‎39. How can you make your resume noticeable according to the text?‎ A. Use a catchy template.‎ B. Send your resume in a DOC file.‎ C. Mention a hobby that you are good at.‎ D. Highlight some keywords in your resume.‎ ‎40. What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A. The recipe of resume success.‎ B. How to structure your resume.‎ C. The ways to shine the content of your resume.‎ D. The contact information in the resume.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。一份经过润色的简历是成功申请学校或工作的必要条件。一个清晰的结构和组织良好的内容是成功和失败的区别。本文介绍如何构建你的简历。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据(2) Use a chronological(时间顺序排列的)resume. In a chronological resume, you list your work and education experiences, starting with your most recent experience.“使用时间顺序简历。在时序简历中，你列出你的工作和教育经历，从最近的经历开始。”由此可知，从你最近的经历开始在简历中展示你的工作和教育经历。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据If you had a cumulative(累积的)GPA of 3.5 or higher, feel free to include it. Otherwise, it would be best to leave it out. If you’re listing more than one degree, include your GPA on both of them, if possible.“如果你的累计GPA达到3.5或更高，可以把它算进去。否则，最好不要使用它。如果你列出了不止一个学位，如果可能的话，写上你在这两个学位上的 GPA。”由此判断出，如果你的总平均绩点低于3.5，你应该把你的平均绩点从你的简历中删掉。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据(4) List work experience, including relevant volunteer work and internships. Use specific job titles and short explanations that tell potential employers exactly what you did, what skills you gained and how they could be useful in a new job.“列出工作经历，包括相关的志愿者工作和实习经历。使用具体的职位头衔和简短的解释，告诉潜在的雇主你做过什么，你获得了什么技能，以及这些技能在新工作中如何有用。”由此判断出，如果你没有多少工作经验，要专注于你与工作相关的能力和技能。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据(1) Place keywords in your resume strategically. Schools or employers often use software to scan resumes for specific keywords.“有策略地在简历中放置关键词。学校或雇主经常使用软件来扫描简历，寻找特定的关键词。”由此可知，在简历中突出一些关键词可以使你的简历引人注目。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段A polished resume is essential for a successful school or job application. A clear structure and well organized content can be the difference between success and failure.“一份经过润色的简历是成功申请学校或工作的必要条件。一个清晰的结构和组织良好的内容是成功和失败的区别。”和Structuring your resume“构建你的简历”。Making your content shine“让你简历的内容有闪光点”，所以本文介绍了个人简历成功的秘诀。故选A。‎ B When Lina was awoken by the sound of thunder, she was alone on the island. The air was cool and bullfrogs croaked. It was that brief moment when the summer sun had set but the stars hadn't yet appeared. Lina rubbed her eyes and looked around. "Hello?" she called. "Celia? Marie?" There was no response.‎ The moon was rising now, shedding light on the island. They had always called it "Forgotten Island" because no one but they seemed to remember its existence. It wasn't on any of the maps they could find, and even the forest rangers didn't know about it. Lina loved that the island, hidden in a heavily-wooded side stream of the l river, was a secret between the three friends—her, Celia, and Marie. But now Lina was here alone, and it was night. Worse still, it was her own fault.‎ ‎"Come on, Lina, let Marie row the born." Celia had said. Marie was two years older than Lina, but she was a hopeless rower. That's why Linn refused and rowed the boat to the island.‎ The argument that followed the refusal took the usual form. Celia took Marie's side, as she always did. Lina exploded and yelled at them to just leave. So they got back in the boat and left.‎ A bolt of lightning crossed the darkened sky, accompanied by a deafening thunder clap. The storm was here. As the first cold raindrop slid down her neck, Lina's mind returned to her current problem. She was stuck here by herself. She just hoped she didn't become as forgotten as the island. The thought of it sent a chill down her back.‎ Suddenly, Lina spotted something in the water. It was a boat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Marie's dad, who was steering through the fast flowing waters. As the boat approached, they saw Lina waving and the worried expressions on their faces turned to relief In her excitement Lina jumped into the river. Only once she was in the icy water did she remember how fast the water was moving. Luckily a strong arm reached into the water and pulled her out. She smiled weakly at Marie's dad and, without a word, hugged Celia and Marie. They didn't seem to mind becoming wet.‎ ‎41. What do we know about the island?‎ A. It is very near the ocean.‎ B. It is a popular place for boating.‎ C. It is surrounded by thick forest.‎ D. It has never been reached by others.‎ ‎42. Why did Lina get angry?‎ A. Lina was left alone on the island.‎ B. Marie would not help row the boat.‎ C. Marie didn't know how to row the boat.‎ D. Celia supported Marie in the disagreement.‎ ‎43. What caused Lina to feel scared?‎ A. Her shame about the unnecessary argument,‎ B. The first raindrop of the approaching storm.‎ C. The idea that no one would come to save her.‎ D. The drop in temperature as the sun went down.‎ ‎44. Which is true statement according to the passage?‎ A. Lina didn't want to forget the island.‎ B. When Lina saw the boat, she fell relieved.‎ C. Marie rescued Lina when she fell into the water.‎ D. Marie was poor in rowing.‎ ‎45. What can we infer about the three girls?‎ A. All of them could swim well.‎ B They had an adventurous spirit.‎ C. They lived far away from the island.‎ D. They quarreled with one another badly.‎ ‎【答案】41. C 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一简记叙文,三个女孩儿一同去一座无人的小岛上,因为让谁划船产生了分歧,其中一个女孩Lina生气离开了队友独自留在了岛上，最后被朋友以及朋友的父亲营教了的故事。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Lina loved that the island, hidden in a heavily-wooded side steam of the river was a secret between the three friends -her Celia, and Marie.可知小鸟隐藏在一条树木繁茂的河边,故可知小岛是被浓密的森林包围着，选项C符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Celia took Maries side as she always did"可知西莉亚一如既往地站在玛丽一边。这使得Lina很生气,选项D符合题意。故选D项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中"She just hoped she didn’t become as forgotten as the island. The thought of it sent a chill down her back.可知Lina-想到自己可能会像这个岛一样被遗忘，这不禁使她有了一阵寒意。由此判断出没有人会来救Lina使她感到恐惧。所以选项C在符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段 Marie was two years older than Lina, but she was a hopeless rower. 可知，Marie比Lina年长2岁，但并不擅长划船。所以选项D和文章意义相符。故选D项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段 They had always called it "Forgotten Island" because no one but they seemed to remember its existence. It wasn't on any of the maps they could find, and even the forest rangers didn't know about it.她们总是称之为“被遗忘的岛屿”，因为除了她们，似乎没有人记得它的存在。 他们找到的地图上都没有，就连护林员也不知道。可以看出孩子们的探险精神，找到了无人知道的这座岛屿。故选B项。‎ C For years, the U.S. has experienced a shortage of registered nurses. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022, demand will grow faster than supply, and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.‎ So what's the solution? Robots,‎ Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio, a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds, deliver medications and oilier items, and retrieve（检索）records. It follows a specific individual, such as a doctor or nurse, who can use it to record and access patient data. This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be put into use in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact.‎ Robots capable of social engagement help with loneliness as well as cognitive（认知的） functioning, but the robot itself doesn't have to engage directly——it can serve as an intermediary for human communication. Telepresence robots such as MantaroBot, Vgo, and Giraff can be controlled through a computer, smartphone, or tablet, allowing family members or doctors to remotely monitor patients or Skype them, often via a screen where the robot's "face" would be. If you can't get to the nursing home to visit grandma, you can use a telepresence robot to hang out with her. A 2016 study found that users had a ''consistently positive attitude" about the Giraff robot's ability to enhance communication and decrease feelings of loneliness.‎ A robot’s appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans, which is why the RIKEN-TRI Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse that looks a huge teddy bear. RIBA （Robot for Interactive Body Assistance）, also known as "Robear" can help patients into and out of wheelchairs and beds with its strong arms. On the less cute and more scary side there is Actroid F, which is so human-like that some patients may not know the difference. This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions.‎ ‎ During a month-long hospital trial, researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and "only three or four said they didn't like having it around."‎ Il's important to note that robotic nurses don't decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses （ though robot doctors and surgeons may not be far off）. Instead, they perform routine and laborious tusks, freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs. This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lend to collaboration, not replacement ‎46. What does the author say about Japan?‎ A. It delivers the best medication for the elderly.‎ B. It takes the lead in providing robotic care.‎ C. It provides retraining for registered nurses.‎ D. It sets the trend in future robotics technology,‎ ‎47. What arc telepresence robots designed to do?‎ A. Directly interact with patients to prevent them from feeling lonely.‎ B. Cater to the needs of patients for recovering their cognitive capacity.‎ C. Closely monitor the patients' movements and conditions around the clock.‎ D. Facilitate communication between patients and doctors or family members.‎ ‎48. What is one special feature of the robot Actroid F?‎ A. It interacts with patients just like a human companion.‎ B. It operates quietly without patients realizing its presence.‎ C. It likes to engage in everyday conversations with patients.‎ D. It uses body language even more effectively than words.‎ ‎49. What is the attitude of the 70 patients towards the robotic nurses?‎ A. They don't like having it around.‎ B. They are indifferent to it.‎ C. They feel bored around them.‎ D. Almost all of them are in favor of it.‎ ‎50. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Doctors and surgeons will soon be laid off.‎ B. The robotics industry will soon take off.‎ C. Robots will not make nurses unnecessary.‎ D. Cooperation will not replace completion.‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本几款可以充当某些看护服务的“机器人护士”，但也指出机器人不会取代护士，他们是合作而非代替关系。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二三段的So what's the solution? Robots. Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. (那解决方案是什么呢？机器人。在这一趋势方面，日本走在了前面)可知，日本在提供机器人护理方面是领先的。故B项It takes the lead in providing robotic care. (它在提供机器人护理方面是领先的)符合以上说法，故选B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的Telepresence robots such as MantaroBot, Vgo, and Giraff can be controlled through a computer, smartphone, or tablet, allowing family members or doctors to remotely monitor patients or Skype them, often via a screen where the robot's ''face'' would be.(远程呈现机器人，如MantaroBot, Vgo以及Giraff可以通过电脑、智能手机或平板电脑进行控制，通过一个屏幕即机器人的脸，让家庭成员或医生远程监控病人，或与他们聊天)可知，Telepresence机器人可以帮助病人和医生或家庭成员之间进行交流。故D项Facilitate communication between patients and doctors or family members.(帮助病人和医生或家庭成员之间的交流)符合以上说法，故选D。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions.(这个可以交流的机器人同伴眼睛里有照相机，这使得它可以跟踪病人，并用适当的面部表情和肢体语言来进行互动)可知，Actroid F最大的特点是它可以像人类同伴一样和病人进行互动。故A项It interacts with patients just like a human companion.(它能像人类伴侣一样与患者互动)符合以上说法，故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的During a month-long hospital trial, researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and "only three or four said they didn't like having it around."（在为期一个月的医院试验中，研究人员询问了70名患者在机器人周围的感觉，“‎ 只有三四个人说他们不喜欢机器人在身边。”）可推测，这70名患者对机器人的态度还是支持的。故D项Almost all of them are in favor of it（几乎所有人都赞成）符合题意。故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的It's important to note that robotic nurses don’t decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses (值得注意的是，机器人护士不会决定治疗的过程或做出诊断)和This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration, not replacement.(在这个行业中，机器人的互动会带来合作，而非替代)可推测，机器人不会导致护士变得没有必要。故C项Robots will not make nurses unnecessary.(机器人不会让护士变得不必要)符合以上推测，故选C。‎ D What is it about kids these days that makes older generations so easily angry? In some way or another, older generations have been disappointed at the youth's decline since the earliest days of civilization. Even Aristotle talked smack about how young folks thought they knew everything back in the 4th century BC.‎ So why do people throw all the shade on the next generation? A study out last month in Science Advances shows that negative opinions about kids aren't always based on their actions; it's more about how adults praise their past and current selves.‎ In the study, researchers looked at a trio of characteristics in three groups of US adults: respect for elders or authoritarianism（权威主义），intelligence, and enjoyment of reading. The team, led by John Protzko, a cognitive scientist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, asked the participants whether they thought kids in the modern age shared the same qualities. They found that adults who tested especially strong in one of the categories tended to see children today as weak in il. For example, if an adult got tagged or self-identified as intelligent, they were more likely to see "kids these days" as less intelligent than they used to be. This, Protzko thinks, is because they remembered their younger selves to be smarter, whether true or not. What's more, they only reserved their strong opinion for characteristics they related to.‎ In another stage of the study, the authors assigned random scores to participants to trick them into thinking how well-read they were. Many of the adults changed their opinions on kid's reading ability as a result, Protzko speculates that there are two reasons for the shift: How memories can go wrong and the lack of objective knowledge of what childhood is really like. "People who are ‎ high in a trail arc imposing（迫使）their current high standing in that trait back in time, thinking 'Oh this must have been what all kids were like,' " he says. Over the years, the same memory bias（偏见）keeps occurring, making it seem like kids arc somehow failing more and more. In fact, （he older a participant was, the more heavily this bias came into play, Protzko says.‎ While there's still a lot to learn about why adults might see younger generations as mediocre, this research can hint that an age-old phrase can boil down to one classic human trail：vanity（自负）.‎ ‎―From Popular Science ‎51. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph mean?‎ A. Expressed his a flection for . B. Talked positively about.‎ C. Spoke ill of. D. Thought highly of.‎ ‎52. What does a study published last month in Science Advances indicate?‎ A. Negative opinions about kids come from their ill behavior.‎ B. Adults always keeps their previous and present glories in mind.‎ C. Adults hold positive opinions about kids for their actions.‎ D. Kids are always blamed by adults who are more outstanding.‎ ‎53. According to the study, why were adults more likely to consider "kids these days" as less intelligent?‎ A. Because adults got tagged or self-indentified as intelligent.‎ B. Because adults thought they themselves much smarter.‎ C. Because adults hold the view that kids were weaker than them.‎ D. Because adults only remembered their own strengths subjectively.‎ ‎54. Which of the following statements may Protzko agree with?‎ A. Adults hold the bias that kids these days are failing.‎ B. Adults probably forgot all kids have the same characteristics.‎ C. That the same memory bias keeps occurring led to kid's failure.‎ D. The participants ignored the bias as they grew older.‎ ‎55. What is the structure of the passage?‎ A. ①②--③④⑤ B. ①--②③④---⑤‎ C. ①②③--④---⑤ D. ①---②---③---④⑤‎ ‎【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了老一辈人对现在的年轻人有很多负面看法，加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的认知科学家约翰·普罗茨科(John Protzko)对此进行了研究，他认为虽然关于为什么成年人可能会认为年轻一代平庸还有很多需要研究的地方，但这项研究可以暗示，一个古老的短语可以归结为一条经典的人类轨迹：自负。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中In some way or another, older generations have been disappointed at the youth's decline since the earliest days of civilization. 从文明早期开始，老一辈人就对年轻人的衰落感到失望。根据句中的even可知，此句中的talked smack about应与上句中的disappointed表达的意思相近，故可知亚里士多德对年轻人的评价也不高。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中A study out last month in Science Advances shows that negative opinions about kids aren't always based on their actions; It’s more about how adults praise their past and current selves. 上个月发表在《科学进展》(Science Advances)上的一项研究表明，对孩子的负面看法并不总是基于他们的行为;更多的是成年人如何赞扬他们的过去和现在的自己。由此可知，成年人总是把自己过去和现在的辉煌记在心里。故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中For example, if an adult got tagged or self-identified as intelligent, they were more likely to see "kids these days" as less intelligent than they used to be. This, Protzko thinks, is because they remembered their younger selves to be smarter, whether true or not. What's more, they only reserved their strong opinion for characteristics they related to. 例如，如果一个成年人被贴上标签或自我认定为聪明，他们更有可能认为“现在的孩子”比过去更不聪明。普罗茨科认为，这是因为他们记得年轻时的自己更聪明，不管是真是假。更重要的是，他们只对与他们相关的特征保留了强烈的意见。由此判断出为什么成年人更倾向于认为“现在的孩子”不那么聪明是因为因为成年人只是在主观上记住了自己的长处。故选D。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段This, Protzko thinks, is because they remembered their younger selves to be smarter, whether true or not. What's more, they only reserved their strong opinion for ‎ characteristics they related to. 普罗茨科认为，这是因为他们记得年轻时的自己更聪明，不管是真是假。更重要的是，他们只对与他们相关的特征保留了强烈的意见。以及文章最后一段中While there's still a lot to learn about why adults might see younger generations as mediocre虽然关于为什么成年人可能会认为年轻一代平庸还有很多需要研究的地方。由此判断出，成年人有一种偏见，认为现在的孩子们都很失败。故选A。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。分析文章可知，本文主要讲述了老一辈人对现在的年轻人有很多负面看法，加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的认知科学家约翰·普罗茨科(John Protzko)对此进行了研究，他认为虽然关于为什么成年人可能会认为年轻一代平庸还有很多需要研究的地方，但这项研究可以暗示，一个古老的短语可以归结为一条经典的人类轨迹：自负。由此可知，第一段是引出话题，第二三四段是研究过程，第五段是研究结果。故本文的结构应是总-分-总。结合选项，故选B。‎ 第三部分：写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节 阅读表达(满分10分)‎ Just like everyone, I have experienced ups and downs in my life. I am an aerospace engineer from India, I was told by my relatives, close friends and others that it was hard for a non-IT student to pursue a master's degree in IT and graduate from a US university.‎ I had never taken courses related to computers or programming. I was never interested in being a programmer, but things changed. I became so fascinated with the convenience IT has brought to our life that I made up my mind in chasing a master's degree in IT.‎ At first, I came across too many difficulties and setbacks. Coming from a middle-class family, the huge cost per credit was a big issue. My English accent was terrible. Most importantly, the course seemed impossible at first. Although I felt so discouraged and frustrated, I never thought of giving up.‎ Then I decided to choose my university because it promised its students to help them learn practically. During my first month, it was difficult to understand the Americans' accent and finish my assignments. But I never gave in. I walked two miles to the university every day so that I could use my travel money to buy a meal. I started looking for jobs and I got an offer to work as a student assistant, which meant lifting benches and chairs every day.‎ I took all these challenges as my chances and I believed that hard work was my strength. Right ‎ now I am graduating with a GPA of 3.96/4 and a job offer from a multinational company that has asked me to start right after graduation.‎ When you have a dream to realize, there is nothing that can stop you. All you need is the diligence and persistence. Hard work always pays off. Having a determined will is also necessary.‎ ‎56.Why did the author's family and friends say that it was hard for him to pursue a master's degree in IT? (no more than 8 words)‎ ‎57.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words)‎ ‎58.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words)‎ ‎59.What made the author graduate with a higher GPA and a good job offer? (no more than 15 words)‎ ‎60.How does the author's story inspire you? (no more than 25 words)‎ ‎【答案】56. Because he/ the author was a non-IT student. ‎ ‎57. Was/ Became much attracted by.‎ Or: Was/ Became very interested in. ‎ ‎58. The author met with many difficulties and setbacks.‎ Or: The author came across many difficulties and setbacks Or: Many difficulties and setbacks the author met with/came across. ‎ ‎59. Taking all challenges as his chances and believing hard work was his strength.‎ Or: That the author took challenges as chances and believed that hard work was his strength. ‎ ‎60. When facing challenges on the way to our goals, we should believe in our strength and spare no efforts to overcome them.‎ Or: When facing challenges on the way to my goal, I should believe in my strength and spare no efforts to overcome them.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过亲身经历告诉我们如果想实现某个目标，只要不断努力不放弃，没有不可能实现的事。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段I am an aerospace engineer from India, I was told by my relatives, close friends and others that it was hard for a non-IT student to pursue a master's degree in IT and graduate from a US university.(‎ 我是一名来自印度的航空航天工程师，我的亲戚、密友和其他人告诉我，一个从美国大学毕业的非IT专业的学生很难在这个专业攻读硕士学位 )可知，作者是非IT专业的学生，因此很难在这个专业攻读硕士学位。根据词数，故答案为：Because he/ the author was a non-IT student.‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。划线句是so...that...句型，根据I made up my mind in chase a master's degree in IT.(我下定决心要攻读IT硕士学位。)可推断，我对它给我们的生活带来的便利着迷，因此划线部分意思是：对……着迷，根据词数，故答案为Was/ Became much attracted by.Or: Was/ Became very interested in.‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述起初，作者遇到了太多的困难和挫折。来自中产阶级家庭，信贷是一个大问题。英语口音很糟糕。最重要的是，课程一开始似乎不可能。 但是虽然感到沮丧，但作者从未想过放弃。因此推断作者遇到许多困难和作者。根据词数，故答案为The author met with many difficulties and setbacks.Or: The author came across many difficulties and setbacks.Or: Many difficulties and setbacks the author met with/came across.‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的I took all these challenges as my chances, and I believed that hard work was my strength.可知，作者把所有些挑战作为机会，相信努力工作是力量。结合下文Right now I am graduating with a GPA of 3.96/4 and a job offer from a multinational company that has asked me to start right after graduation.( 现在我毕业时的平均绩点是3.96/4，还有一家跨国公司的工作机会，这家公司要求我毕业后马上开始工作。)可推断，把所有的挑战作为他的机会，相信努力工作是他的力量使得作者以优异的成绩毕业，并得到了跨国公司的工作机会。根据词数，故填Taking all challenges as his chances and believing hard work was his strength.Or: That the author took challenges as chances and believed that hard work was his strength.‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本题是开放性试题。根据文章可知，作者在面临挑战时，不断努力不放弃，最终取得了事业的成功。注意词数。故答案为When facing challenges on the way to our goals, we should believe in our strength and spare no efforts to overcome them.Or: When facing challenges on the way to my goal, I should believe in my strength and spare no efforts to overcome them.‎ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎61.几个月以来，全国人民都投入到新冠肺炎疫情防控阻击战中。假定你是晨光中学的李 ‎ 津，获悉21世纪英文报正在组织以“A Touching Figure in My Heart”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点写一篇征文：‎ ‎(1)疫情爆发期间最令你感动的人物或是群体；‎ ‎(2)令你感动的理由；‎ ‎(3)最想跟他/她或这个群体说的话。‎ 注意：‎ ‎(1)词数不少于120；‎ ‎(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 ‎ 参考词汇：流行病；(迅速的)泛滥、蔓延epidemic 新型冠状病毒 novel corona-virus / Covid-19‎ A Touching Figure in My Heart ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】‎ A Touching Figure in My Heart With the joint efforts, the epidemic situation is not only under control but is taking a tum for the better as well. What touched me most is that health care staff in other provinces were sent to support Wuhan with lots of donation.‎ During this epidemic, it is you who, regardless of the shortage of equipment and the potential risk of infection, desperately rescued those infected. It is also you who made us build up our confidence to defeat it. Whenever the patients are confronted with serious condition or pessimistic emotions, you are always ready to help them out and cheer them up weaning inspiring smiles.‎ Words fail me when I want to express my thanks. But for your selfless devotion, we couldn’t have made such great breakthroughs in the campaign against the disease. I’m definitely convinced that with our effective measures, China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，几个月以来，全国人民都投入到新冠肺炎疫情防控阻击战中。假定你是晨光中学的李 津，获悉21世纪英文报正在组织以“A Touching Figure in My Heart”为主题的征文活 动。请你根据以下要点写一篇征文：(1)疫情爆发期间最令你感动的人物或是群体；(2)令你感动的理由；(3)最想跟他/她或这个群体说的话。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：under control; take a tum; health care staff; support; regardless of; potential risk; build up; be confronted with; cheer up; words fail me; but for; devotion; make great breakthroughs等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如What touched me most is that health care staff in other provinces were sent to support Wuhan with lots of donation.使用了主语从句和表语从句；During this epidemic, it is you who, regardless of the shortage of equipment and the potential risk of infection, desperately rescued those infected.使用了强调句型；But for your selfless devotion, we couldn’t have made such great breakthroughs in the campaign against the disease.使用了虚拟语气。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎