【英语】天津南开中学2020届高三第四次月考试题（解析版）

【英语】天津南开中学2020届高三第四次月考试题（解析版）

天津南开中学 2020 届高三第四次月考英语试题 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节：单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。 1.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ as much as we can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 2.I wonder if my complaint about the quality of your products ______ tomorrow. A. is handled B. will be handled C. handles D. will handle 3.A ______ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from Bank of China. A. beneficial B. perfect C. valid D. flexible 4.How to ______ social wealth reasonably has become a key issue when it comes to narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor in most societies. A. distribute B. associate C. accommodate D. contribute 5.I am always delighted when receiving your invitation. ______ the party on July 11th after the national college entrance examination, I shall be pleased to attend. A. On account of B. In respond to C. In view of D. With regard to 6.In the program aiming to help kids with heart disease, ______ is given to those who are the only child in their family. A. preference B. prejudice C. recognition D. compromise 7.— I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the final exam. — ______. There’s nothing you can do now but wait. A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. Relax D. Go for it 8.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that 9.— How was your evening? — We went to a Pizza Hut and had ______. We really enjoyed ourselves. A. a white elephant B. a square meal C. a sacred cow D. the salt of the earth 10.— What has made him upset recently? — ______ alone to face those difficulties. A. Left B. Being left C. Having left D. To leave 11.With proper measures, the economy in China is beginning to _____ again. A. rise up B. hold on C. pick up D. take on 12.One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school. A. might B. could C. shall D. will 13.You can’t put this yellow tablecloth ______ that table — it’ll look embarrassing! A. on B. above C. up D. over 14.By the time your habit of managing time is developed, you better decisions about how to spend your time in your future career. A. will have made B. will be made C. are to make D. have been making 15.I lied yesterday, ______I should make an apology to you. I’m very sorry. A. which B. for which C. whom D. for whom 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16～35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出一个 最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。 In the 1860s, John Roebling, a creative engineer, launched the idea of building a bridge connecting Manhattan with Brooklyn, New York. ___16___, other bridge building experts thought that this was ___17___ and told Roebling to forget the idea. John ___18___ about it all the time and he knew deep in his heart that it ___19___ be done. He then ___20___ the dream with his son, Washington, an up-and-coming engineer. Working together, the father and the son made a ___21___ of how it could be done and studied the problems they might ___22___. After these preparations, they hired their crew and began to build their ___23___ bridge. The project started well, but a(n) ___24___ on the site took the life of John Roebling. Washington was ___25___ and left with a certain amount of brain damage. He wasn’t able to move or even talk. However, Washington did not ___26___ and still wanted to complete the bridge. One day, an idea ___27___ him. All he could do was to move one ___28___ and he decided to make the best use of it. He ___29___ his wife’s arm with that finger, ___30___ to her that he wanted her to call the engineers again. Then he used the ___31___ method of touching her arm to tell the engineers what to do. Then the project was underway again. For 13 years, Washington tapped out (敲打出) his ___32___ with his finger on his wife’s arm, until the Brooklyn Bridge was finally ___33___. Perhaps this is one of the best examples of a never-give-up attitude that ___34___ a terrible physical disability and achieves an impossible ___35___. 16. A. Anyway B. Though C. Therefore D. However 17. A. suitable B. impossible C. easy D. available 18. A. thought B. talked C. told D. took 19. A. would B. could C. must D. should 20. A. hid B. shared C. realized D. kept 21. A. plan B. decision C. map D. way 22. A. face B. find C. ask D. cause 23. A. traditional B. fashionable C. dream D. future 24. A. event B. accident C. thing D. fight 25. A. injured B. dead C. sad D. nervous 26. A. give out B. take up C. take in D. give up 27. A. beat B. happened C. occurred D. hit 28. A. stick B. hand C. finger D. eye 29. A. waved B. felt C. touched D. held 30. A. pointing B. indicating C. arguing D. shouting 31. A. different B. other C. same D. usual 32. A. plans B. speeches C. methods D. instructions 33. A. completed B. appeared C. decorated D. rebuilt 34. A. overcomes B. acquires C. fights D. removes 35. A. award B. fortune C. status D. goal 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A CUYAHOGA COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY Bay Village Branch, 502 Cahoon Road, 440-871-6392. The Egyptian Pyramids, 7 pm Sept. 17. Join us as Don King, a long-time student of Egyptology, discusses the pyramids and presents the possible theories of the construction, design and mysteries surrounding these ancient wonders. Join us as local villager, Tom Bell, discusses his book “My Dad Is a Freak: a Memoir”, 7 pm Sept. 27. Fairview Park Branch, 21255 Lorain Road, 440-333-4700 or cuyahogalibrary. org. Dress for Success, 7 pm Sept. 17. First impressions count. Some job recruiters (招聘人员) use appearance to determine self-esteem, respect, confidence and organizational skills. Learn how to dress to emphasize your strengths and improve your employ ability. Registration (注册) required. Music Study Groups, 1:15-2:45 pm Wednesdays, Sept. 19-Nov. 28. Explore current con- cert music performed by The Cleveland Orchestra at Severance Hall through informal lectures and listening. Classes are designed for both new and experienced music lovers and are led by Dr Rose Breckenridge. Practical Herbs, 7 pm Oct. 3. Famous doctor Sarah Hurt will talk about growing, drying and storing herbs (药草) and how to use them. Registration required. North Olmsted Branch, 27403 Lorain Road. 440-777-6211 or cuyahogalibrary. org. Job Club, 1:30-3 pm Tuesdays. Join Jim Hansen for helpful tips on job search strategies (策 略) and interviewing. Anyone who is job hunting or looking to change careers is welcome. Olmsted Falls Library, 7850 Main St., Olmsted Falls. 440-235-1150 or cuyahogalibrary. org. Family Story-time, 7-7:30 pm Wednesdays, through Nov. 27. Join us for rhymes, songs, finger-plays and a story or two. For children ages birth through age 8 with their caregivers. Huntington Practice SAT Test, 10 am to 1 pm Sept. 15 and 4-5 pm Sept. 26. Get ready for college by taking a practice SAT exam. Discuss strategies to improve your score, and get tips on preparing for the real exam. Registration required. 36. There are many activities for you to choose on Sept. 17 EXCEPT ________. A. listening to a speech which is about music B. discussing about ancient Egyptian pyramids C. attending a program about how to prepare for exams D. learning about how to leave a good first impression on others 37. If you want to study some medical knowledge, you can call ________. A. 440-871-6392 B. 440-333-4700 C. 440-777-6211 D. 440-235-1150 38. If you want to learn how to educate your children, you should contact ________. A. Bay Village Branch B. Fairview Park Branch C. North Olmsted Branch D. Olmsted Falls Library 39. In order to help yourself find a new job soon, you’d better go to ________. A. Bay Village Branch and Fairview Park Branch B. North Olmsted Branch and Olmsted Falls Library C. Fairview Park Branch and Olmsted Falls Library D. Fairview Park Branch and North Olmsted Branch 40. It is learned from the passage that ________. A. you can study music for more than one month in Fairview Park Branch B. you can get the information about the four branches on the Internet C. you can choose to take part in all the mentioned events in the afternoon D. both Don King and Jim Hansen are college professors B When John was growing up other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier. These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. ＂Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,＂ said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家) who made the discovery. ＂And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.＂ Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working — at any age — is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings( 基 础 ) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, ＂One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.＂ 41. What do we know about John? A. He enjoyed his career and marriage. B. He had few childhood playmates. C. He received little love from his family. D. He was envied by others in his childhood. 42. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as　　　　. A. a description of personal values and social values B. an analysis of how work was related to competence C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men 43. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by　　　　. A. recording the boys’ effort in school B. evaluating the men’s mental health C. comparing different sets of scores D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability 44. What does the underlined word ＂sharp＂ probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Quick to react. B. Having a thin edge. C. Clear and definite. D. Sudden and rapid. 45. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Competent adults know more about love than work. B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. C. Love brings more joy to people than work does. D. Independence is the key to one’s success. C Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy’sWar and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands.’’ Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.’’ He is said to be “undersized.’’ with“short legs’’ and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description--it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point. It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three ofWar and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry：doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.’’ Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s…face,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently….” To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything?’’ said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 46. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peaceis _________. A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details 47. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because _________. A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms B. the Tsar's peace terms were hard to accept C. the Russians stopped his military movement D. he didn’t have any more army to fight with 48. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him. C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration. 49. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is _________. A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests B. fond of showing off his iron will C. determined in destroying all of Europe D. crazy for power and respect 50. What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A. A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings. B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way. C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes. D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings. D When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job，she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standard­based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges ， she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he had worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator ， but Peterson is “just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before”． Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S．E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom， Peterson helped them write a 30­minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race，equality and social justice，the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs by herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite FallsIt’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors. As national teacher of the year，Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom，as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly，she is a big believer in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 51. The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means________. A discouraging B. interesting C. creative D. unbearable 52. What is the most important reason that Peterson won the award? A. She concerned herself with current social problems. B. She motivated students to learn music with her creativity. C. She has taught music at the elementary school for 22 years. D. She made great efforts to arouse students’ interest in literature. 53. Which of the following is an example of Peterson’s way of teaching music? A. She wrote plays on themes of race，equality and social justice. B. She made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching. C. She organized classroom discussions of Broadway tunes. D. She helped students compose songs by themselves. 54. In Peterson’s opinion，________. A. art，music and PE classes are all important B. more subjects should be offered to students C. students should be motivated to attend art classes D. arts education is more important than other subjects 55. It can be inferred from the text that ________. A. Peterson’s honor was a surprise for the local people B. Peterson’s art classes attracted students back to school C. Peterson aroused the local residents’ passion for music D. Peterson will change her profession next year 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, he was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education. Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment—the time to share the day’s new learning. Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. “Felice,” he’d say, “tell me what you learned today.” “I learned that the population of Nepal is ....” Silence. Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation (拯救) of the world would depend upon it. “The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well….” he’d say. “Get the map; let’s see where Nepal is.” And the whole family went on a search for Nepal. This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts. As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another’s education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming (肯定) our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher. Later during my training as a future teacher, I studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. 56. What did the author’s father think of his children’s education? (no more than 10 words) 57. What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to? (no more than 2 words) 58. What did the author and his papa talk about at dinner time? (no more than 15 words) 59. What has served the author well all his life? (no more than 8 words) 60. What do you think of the author’s father? (no more than 15 words) 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 61.假定你是李津，你的美国笔友 Chris 来信向你了解“中医”的有关情况。请根据以下提 示给他写一封回信。 (1) “中医”有着悠久的历史，经过了数千年的实践和发展； (2) “中医”也是一门科学，它的优点正得到越来越广泛的认可； (3) 你自己对“中医”的看法。 注意：(1)词数不少于 100；(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；(3)开头和结 尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：“中医” Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案解析】 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节：单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 1. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了学好英语，我们应当找机会多听我们能够所讲的 英语。动词 hear 的宾语是 English，宾语与 speak 之间构成被动关系，故使用过去分词 spoken 作宾语补足语。故 C 正确。 2. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我想知道明天我对你们产品质量的投诉是否能处理。 分析句子可知，此处缺乏谓语动词，handle 意为“处理、应付”，my complaint 和 handle 被动 关系，应用被动语态（be done）； wonder 后面接了一个由 if 引导的宾语从句，if 意为“是 否”，从句时间标志为 tomorrow，要用一般将来时，所以是一般将来时的被动语态 will be handled。故选 B 项。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中国银行购买外币时，需要一张有效的身份证 证件。A. beneficial 受益的；B. perfect 完美的；C. valid 有效的；D. flexible 灵活的。分析语 境可知，购买外币时，有效的身份证是需要的。故选 C 项。 4. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如何合理分配社会财富，已成为大多数社会缩小贫 富差距的关键问题。A. distribute 分配；B. associate 联系；C. accommodate 容纳；D. contribute 贡献。分析语境可知，要缩小社会贫富差距，就是要合理分配社会财富，应用 distribute。故选 A 项。 5. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：收到你的邀请我总是很高兴。至于高考后的 7 月 11 号的聚会，我很乐意参加。A. On account of 由于；B. In respond to 对……的回应；C. In view of 考虑到；D. With regard to 关于、至于。分析语境可知，此处讲的是关于高考后聚会的事情， 所以用 With regard to。故选 D 项。 6. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个旨在帮助心脏病儿童的项目中，独生子女获 得了优先考虑。A. preference 偏好、优先权；B. prejudice 偏见；C. recognition 认可、赏识； D. compromise 妥协。分析语境可知，帮助患有心脏病的孩子，独生子女获得了优先考虑， 应用 preference。故选 A 项。 7. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我忍不住担心学校期末考试的结果。——放松，现 在你也无能为力只有等待。A. Go ahead 去做吧；B. Good luck 好运；C. Relax 放松；D. Go for it 全力以赴。分析语境可知，一方对于考试结果表示担忧，另一方安慰其耐心等待，Relax 用于缓解对方压力。故选 C 项。 8. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。A.it 指代上文出现的同一事物；B. those 指代可数名词复数；C. one 指代可数名词单数。D. that 指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式，后面要有定语修饰，表示特指。本句中 that 指代不可 数名词 information 后面有介词短语修饰，表示特指。故 D 正确。 【名师点睛】1)it 通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物。 (2)one 表示泛指概念，替代可数名词的单数形式。其复数形式 ones 也表示泛指概念， 用来替代可数名词的复数形式。the one(s)也是替代可数名词，但表示特指概念。 (3)that 既可以用来指代不可数名词，又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式，表示特指概念， 相当于“the＋名词”结构。 (4)those 用来指代可数名词复数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the＋可数名词复数”结构。 它是 that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式。 (5)当 that 或 those 在句中指代事物时，它们的后面通常使用一些后置定语，如： Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that 指代不可数名词 joy) 特别提醒：(1)that 只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外)，one 既可代替事物也可代 替人。 (2)“物主代词＋own”之后不能加 one。 (3)一般可以用 this one，that one，较少用 these ones 和 those ones。当 ones 前有形容词 修饰时则可以用 these 和 those。 9. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——你晚上过得怎么样？——我们去了必胜 客，吃了一顿美餐。我们真的玩得很开心。A. a white elephant 沉重的负担；B. a square meal 美餐；C. a sacred cow 神圣不可侵犯的思想、机构、制度；D. the salt of the earth 非常正派 （诚实）的人。分析语境可知，他们去了必胜客（吃东西），又很开心，说明吃了一顿美餐。 故选 B 项。 10. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：——什么使他最近不安？——被单独留下面对那些困难。 分析句子可知，因为选项是对 what…?进行回答，所以回答的是主语的内容，用动名词做主 语，he 和 left 是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式 Being left。故选 B 项。 11. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：通过适当的措施，中国的经济又开始复苏了。 A. rise up 上升; B. hold on 等一等；C. pick up 恢复；D. take on 呈现。根据 With proper measures 可知，pick up“恢复”符合句意。故选 C 项。 12. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中的一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿 校服。A. might 可以；B. could 可能；C. shall 一定 ；D. will 会。 shall 可以表示“命令，警 告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做……”，结合句意可知 C 正确。故选 C 项。 13. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你不能把这张黄色的桌布放在那张桌子上——这会 让人难堪的！A. on 在……表面上；B. above 在……上方；C. up 往上；D. over 在……正上方。 分析语境可知，黄色的桌布是放在桌子表面上的，应用 on。故选 A 项。 14. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当你养成管理时间的习惯时，你就会对如何在未来的职 业生涯中利用时间做出更好的决定。在 by the time 引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词为 一般现在时/或现在完成时（表示将来），那么主句中的谓语动词常为将来完成时，表示“截 止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。故选 A。 【点睛】by the time 用法辨析 1、 如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，那么主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时， 表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”。 2、如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时/或现在完成时（表示将来），那么主句中的谓 语动词常为将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。 3、如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，（主句是 be 的系表形式 或者是表示像 know, find, believe 等表示认知的持续性动词，则往往用一般时态，不用完成 时态。）此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时 by the time 相当于 when。 15. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我昨天撒谎了，我应该为此向你道歉。对不起。 所缺词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，用关系代词 which，make an apology for“因……而道歉”，固定搭配，介词提前，为介词加关系代词的结构。故选 B。 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 John 和 Washington 两父子要建一座其他专家认为不可能 建成的桥（布鲁克林大桥），一次事故父亲 John 死了，儿子 Washington 受伤了，只有一根 手指能动，Washington 用永不放弃的态度，克服身体残疾，用手指下指令建成了大桥。 【16 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他建桥专家认为这是不可能的，并告诉他忘了这个 想法。A. Anyway 无论如何；B. Though 尽管；C. Therefore 因此；D. However 然而。前文提 及 John Roebling 想建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥，后文提及其他专家说那是不可 能的并让 John Roebling 忘了这个想法，前后文表转折，用 However。故选 D 项。 【17 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他建桥专家认为这是不可能的，并告诉他忘了这 个想法。A. suitable 合适的；B. impossible 不可能的；C. easy 简单的；D. available 可利用的。 由后文，其他建桥专家让他忘了这个想法可知，建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥是不 可能的，用 impossible。故选 B 项。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：John 一直想着这件事。A. thought 想；B. talked 谈话；C. told 告诉；D. took拿。由后文John和儿子制定计划去建桥了可知，John一直想着这件事，用thought。 故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他内心深处知道这是可以做到的。A. would 将；B. could 可 以；C. must 必须；D. should 应该。由下文可知，这座桥建成了，说明建桥这件事是可以做 到的，用 could。故选 B 项。 【20 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他和儿子 Washington 分享了这个梦想，Washington 是一个有前途的工程师。A. hid 躲藏；B. shared 分享；C. realized 意识到；D. kept 保持。由 下文他和儿子一起建桥可知，他和儿子分享了他的梦想。故选 B 项。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：父子俩一起制定了一个有关如何建桥的计划，并研究他们可 能面临的问题。A. plan 计划；B. decision 决定；C. map 地图；D. way 方法。由下文研究如 何建桥、面临的问题可知，他们对建桥做了计划。故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父子俩一起制定了一个有关如何建桥的计划，并研究他们可 能面临的问题。A. face 面临；B. find 发现；C. ask 问；D. cause 引起。由全文语境可知，此 处指的是建桥会面临的问题。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查语境理解。句意：经过这些准备，他们雇佣了工人，开始建造他们的梦想之桥梁。 A. traditional 传统的；B. fashionable 时尚的；C. dream 梦想；D. future 将来。由上文第 20 空 后的 the dream 可知，John 开始建造他的梦想之桥，实现建桥的梦想。故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个工程开始得很好，但工地上的一次事故夺去了 John 的 生命。A. event 事件；B. accident 事故；C. thing 事情；D. fight 斗争。由后文，John 失去生 命和 Washington 受伤了可知，工地上发生了事故。故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Washington 受伤了，留下了一定程度的脑损伤。A. injured 受伤的；B. dead 死亡的；C. sad 悲伤的；D. nervous 紧张的。由后文的 left with a certain amount of brain damage 可知，Washington 受伤了。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，Washington 并没有放弃，仍然希望完成这座桥。A. give out 释放；B. take up 拿起、占据；C. take in 吸收；D. give up 放弃。由后文的 still wanted to complete the bridge 可知，Washington 并没有放弃建桥。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他突然想到一个主意。A. beat 打败；B. happened 发生；C. occurred 发生；D. hit 使突然想起。由后文语境可知，充分利用手指的功能发出指 令去建桥这个想法，是突然想到的。故选 D 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他所能做的就是移动一根手指，他决定充分利用它。A. stick 棍子；B. hand 手；C. finger 手指；D. eye 眼睛。由前文的 wasn’t able to move or even talk 和 后文的“他用那根手指触碰妻子示意妻子再次打电话给工程师”可知，他用的是手指。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用那根手指触碰妻子的手臂，示意他想让妻子再次打电话 给工程师。A. waved 招手；B. felt 感觉；C. touched 触碰；D. held 举起。由前文 wasn’t able to move or even talk、能动的只有一根手指和后文第 31 空后的 touching her arm 可知，他要交流 只能用那根手指触碰妻子的手臂。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用那根手指触碰妻子的手臂，示意他想让妻子再次打电话 给工程师。A. pointing 指着；B. indicating 示意、暗示；C. arguing 争辩；D. shouting 大喊大 叫。由前文 wasn’t able to move or even talk 和能动的只有一根手指可知，他只能用手指示意 妻子他想做的事情。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他用同样的方法触碰她的手臂，告诉工程师该怎么做。 A. different 不同的；B. other 其它的；C. same 同样的；D. usual 通常的。由前文可知，Washington 只能用手指触碰妻子手臂才能传达想法，所以要想告诉工程师如何做，只能触碰妻子手臂传 达想法，这是和之前同样的方法。故选 C 项。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：13 年来，Washington 一直用手指在妻子的胳膊上敲出他的 指令。A. plans 计划；B. speeches 演讲；C. methods 方法；D. instructions 指令。由上文“Washington 只能用手指触碰妻子手臂告诉工程师该怎么做”可知，他只能用手指下（工作）指令。故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到布鲁克林大桥最终完工。A. completed 完成；B. appeared 出现；C. decorated 装饰；D. rebuilt 重建。由后文他实现了目标可知，大桥最终完工了，用 completed。故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这是永不放弃的最好例子之一，这种态度克服了可怕的 身体残疾，且实现了一个不可能的目标。A. overcomes 克服；B. acquires 得到；C. fights 斗 争；D. removes 去掉。由上文，Washington 残疾了且用一根手指进行交流完成了建桥的梦想 可知，他克服了糟糕的身体残疾。故选 A 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许这是永不放弃的最好例子之一，这种态度克服了可怕的 身体残疾，且实现了一个不可能的目标。A. award 奖赏；B. fortune 运气；C. status 地位； D. goal 目标。由前文可知，Washington 在身体残疾仅有一根手指交流的情况下，建成了其 他专家认为不可能建成的桥，表明他实现了一个不可能的目标。故选 D 项。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们 要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 2 小题要求判断建桥的这个想法怎么样。该 题可依据这句的后部分 told Roebling to forget the idea 可知，其他建桥专家让他忘了建桥这个 想法，说明建一座连接曼哈顿和布鲁克林之间的桥是不可能的，用 impossible。故选 B 项。 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一家社区公共图书馆的四个分部所举办的相关活动的时 间及内容。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Huntington Practice SAT Test, 10:00 am to 1:00 pm. Sept. 15. Follow up, 4:00-5:00 pm Sept. 26. Get ready for college by taking a practice SAT exam.可知 Huntington SAT 考试练习，上午 10 点到下午 1 点；9 月 15 日，随访；9 月 26 日下午四点到 五点，通过参加模拟 SAT 考试为上大学做准备。由此可知，学习应试技巧的时间是 9 月 15 日和 26 日。由此可知，C 选项“参加一个关于如何准备考试的项目”不是 9 月 17 日能够参加 的活动，故选 C。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二则广告第三段中 Practical Herbs, 7:00 pm Oct. 3. Famous doctor Sarah Hurt will talk about growing, drying and storing herbs and how to use them.可知 Practical Herbs，10 月 3 日晚上 7 点。著名的医生 Sarah Hurt 将会告诉你如何种植、干燥和储存草药 以及如何使用它们。由此可知，要学习医学知识需要拨打 440-333-4700。故选 B。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据从第四则广告的第一段 Family Story-time, 7-7:30 pm Wednesdays, through Nov. 27. Join us for rhymes, songs, finger-plays and a story or two. For children ages birth through age 8 with their caregivers.可知家庭故事时间，从 11 月 27 日到周三晚上 7-7:30。 参加我们的押韵，歌曲，手指游戏和一两个故事。适用于 8 岁以下出生的儿童及其护理人员。 由此可知，要想了解教育孩子的事情，要和 Olmsted Falls library 联系。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 细节理解题。从第二则广告的第一段中 Some job recruiters use appearance to determine self-esteem, respect, confidence and organizational skills.可知一些招聘人员用外表来判断一个 人的自尊、尊重、自信和组织能力。以及第三则广告中 Join Jim Hansen for helpful tips on job search strategies and interviewing. Anyone who is job hunting or looking to change careers is welcome.可知加入到 Jim Hansen 的求职策略和面试中来。任何正在找工作或想转行的人都 是受欢迎的。由此可知，如果想找新工作，最好去 Fairview park branch 和 North Olmsted Branch。故选 D。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二则广告第二段中 Music Study Groups, 1:15-2:45 pm Wednesdays, Sept. 19-Nov. 28.可知音乐学习小组，9 月 19 日至 11 月 28 日，星期三下午 1:15-2:45。以及 后文 Classes are designed for both new and experienced music lovers and are led by Dr Rose Breckenridge.可知课程是为新的和有经验的音乐爱好者设计的，由 Rose Breckenridge 博士领 导。由此可知，你可以在 Fairview park branch 学习音乐超过一个月。故选 A。 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过 John 的例子结合一个研究发现说明童年时期帮助做一些家 务的孩子长大后会更快乐，更成功。 【41 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子 He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.，可知，他的工作满意度更高，婚姻更美满，身体也更健康。所以 John 对他的事 业和婚姻很满意。故选 A。 【42 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子 Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society 可知，在家庭或社区工作 的男孩获得足以过温饱生活的收入，并开始觉得自己是有价值的社会成员。由此判断出第二 段 Vaillant 的话是解释为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人。故选 D。 【43 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子 The researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores，可知，Vaillant 的团队获得他们的发现是通过对比不同的 得分。故选 C。 【44 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段的 Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid.可 知，那些在男孩时期参加过最多活动的人，与各种各样的人保持亲密关系的可能性是其他人 的两倍，获得高薪的可能性是其他人的五倍。所以这些人在孩子的时候做的事情和他们成人 后是怎样的人之间的关联是确定），所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这里 sharp 的意思 是明确的，一定的。故选 C。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子 One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how too love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work，可知， 如果一个人懂得如何工作，懂得如何去爱，懂得为所爱的人工作，懂得爱自己的工作，那么 他就能在这个世界上活得很精彩。由此判断出情感健康对精彩的成年人的生活至关重要。故 选 B。 【答案】46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了列夫.托尔斯泰笔下拿破仑的形象，告诉我们作家所写的 内容可以与研究的内容不一致。 【46 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description--it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：可知，这里的问题不在于 托尔斯泰描述的准确性——它似乎与历史记载相距不远，而在于他对事实的选择。托尔斯泰 在《战争与和平》中对拿破仑的描写。基于他对事实的选择。故选 C 项。 【47 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped.”可知，如果 他的军队被阻止，他会摧毁整个欧洲。拿破仑在接见俄国代表时很生气，因为俄国人阻止了 他的军事行动。故选 C 项。 【48 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，俄罗斯使者带着和平条约到来，使得拿破仑王者尊严受 损，因此用餐时，拿破仑想借着“taking him by the ear pulled it gently…”揪着他的耳朵轻轻拉。 想给给使者一个下马威。由此判断出拿破仑希望使者向他表达钦佩。故选 D 项。 【49 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar( 沙 皇 ), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry ：doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts.”可知，事实证明，正如托尔斯泰所说，拿破仑是个疯子。 拿破仑接见了沙皇 d 的使者，他提出了和平条件。拿破仑很生气：难道他没有更多的军队吗？ 他，而不是沙皇，是制定条款的人。如果他的军队被阻止，他将毁灭整个欧洲。“这就是你 让我参战的好处！”由此判断出，拿破仑是一个好强、对权力和尊严狂热的人。故选 D 项。 【50 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.”可知， 托尔斯泰做了他的研究，但这篇文章是他自己写的。由此判断出作家所写的内容可以与研究 的内容不一致。故选 A 项。 【答案】51. A 52. B 53. B 54. A 55. A 【解析】 本文属于人物传记类文章。文章介绍了 Andrea Peterson 的生平及她对推动音乐教学的 巨大贡献及克服困难的创造力。 【51 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“...creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standard­based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers.”可知这个任务，没有钱买乐器，而且音乐课也不受重视，因此可知 这个任务令人气馁，故选 A。 【52 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges， she’s been named national teacher of the year.”可知她被授予国家年度教师的原因是她推动音 乐教学和克服困难的创造力，故选 B。 【53 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program...”可知 Peterson 老师可以利用其他科的内容来进行音乐教学，故选 B。 【54 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art，music and physical education...”可以推断出她认为音乐课和体育课都是十分重要的，故选 A。 【55 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Falls.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns can even win national honors.”可知人们没有想 到小镇上的人也可以得国家奖项，故选 A。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 【答案】56. Papa would let all his children get an education. 57. The news. 58. The author talked with his papa about what he had learnt in a day. 59. The value of continual learning. 60. The author’s father was a good parent insistent on his children’s education. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了家境贫寒的父亲，人穷志不穷，因此很重视让孩子接受教 育，并利用家庭这一平台让孩子学到很多东西，让他们终身受益。 【56 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“So, he was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.”可知，所以，他下定决心，他的孩子们不会被剥夺受教育的权利， 所以父亲会让他所有的孩子接受教育。故答案为 Papa would let all his children get an education. 【57 题详解】 指代猜测题。it 语法用途之一，就是指代上文已提及过的事情。由第二段中的句子“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.”可 知，我们会谈论当天的新闻，不管多么微不足道，都不会对它掉以轻心，所以 it 在此指代 的是上文中的 the news。故答案为 The news. 【58 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中的句子“tell me what you learned today.”告诉我你今天学了什么、 后面有关当日所学尼泊尔知识的探讨和倒数第三段中的句子“Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.”在我们清楚地了解了至少一半这样的事 实之后，晚餐才结束。可知，晚餐时间作者和父亲会谈论当天所学知识。故答案为 The author talked with his papa about what he had learnt in a day. 【59 题详解】 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.”可知，爸爸 一直传授的 the value of continual learning（持续学习的价值），这项技能使作者终生受益，所 以是 the value of continual learning。故答案为 The value of continual learning. 【60 题详解】 推理判断题。由由第一段最后一句“So, he was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an education.”所以，他下定决心，他的孩子们不会被剥夺受教育的权利。和最 后一段中的“They were imparting (传授) what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life.”他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西—— 不断学习的价值。他的技巧使我受益终生。由此判断出，作者的爸爸是一位坚持孩子教育的 好家长。故答案为 The author’s father was a good parent insistent on his children’s education. 【点睛】词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无 误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。做这种类型的技巧 之一：要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义，即有时短文中出现一个需要 猜测其意义的词或短语，上文或下文接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的 主要依据。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不 可脱离语境主观臆断。如在第 2 小题中，猜测 it 的指代意义，由第二段中的句子“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly.”可知，我们 会谈论当天的新闻，不管多么微不足道，都不会对它掉以轻心，因为 it 指代上文已提及过 的事情，所以 it 在此指代的是上文中的 the news。故答案为“The news.”。 第二节：书面表达 (满分 25 分) 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m glad to hear from you. As a Chinese, I’m proud, knowing that you’re interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine. I’ll introduce it to you briefly. First of all, as an important part of Chinese culture, TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development. In addition, TCM is also a science, and its advantages are being more and more widely recognized by people. On my part, in contrast to western medicine, TCM is aimed at curing illness at source and helping people prevent from potential health problems. Moreover, people apply its unique diagnostic methods to medicine and gain remarkable effects, so I believe TCM will develop better. If you want to know more, you can write to me soon. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信给美国笔友 Chris，介绍有关“中医”的情 况，要求表明“中医”的历史悠久、“中医”作为一门学科认可度愈来愈高和自己对“中医”的看 法。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时 结构：总分法   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1. “中医”有着悠久的历史，经过了数千年的实践和发展； 2. “中医”也是一门科学，它的优点正得到越来越广泛的认可； 3. 你自己对“中医”的看法。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） hear from；be interested in；Traditional Chinese Medicine；undergo；in contrast to；apply … to …；diagnostic methods 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m glad to hear from you. 2. As a Chinese, I’m proud, knowing that you’re interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine. 3. TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development. 【 4. On my part, in contrast to western medicine, TCM is aimed at curing illness at source and helping people prevent from potential health problems. 5. Moreover, people apply its unique diagnostic methods to medicine and gain remarkable effects. (根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。） 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Last but not least 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, also 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…, On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 5 表换一种方式表达：In other words, that is to say, 6.表进行举例说明：For example; For instance; such as + n/doing 7.表 陈 述 事 实：In fact, frankly speaking 8.表选择：either… or…，or 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，结构严谨，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下 文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了非限制性定语从句，如 TCM has a long history, which has undergone thousands of years of practice and development.这句话中用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句；使用了非常好的短语，如 be interested in，in contrast to， apply … to …，diagnostic methods 等，为文章增色不少；并注意了句子的衔接，如 First of all，In addition，Moreover 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能 力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。