2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元学案（29页）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit2Englisharoundtheworld单元学案（29页）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit2English around the world单元学案 一单元基础知识链接 一、分层单词 ‎ 写作词汇 ‎1.　　　　　adj.本地的;本国的 ‎ n.本地人;本国人 ‎2.　　　　　vt.以……为根据 ‎ n.基部;基地;基础 ‎3.　　　　　n.词汇;词汇量 ‎ ‎4.　　　　　n.拼写;拼法 ‎ ‎5.　　　　　n. &vt.命令;指令;掌握 ‎ ‎6.　　　　　n. &vt.请求;要求 ‎ ‎7.　　　　　adv. 直接;挺直 adj.直的;笔直的;正直的 ‎8.　　　adj.流利的;流畅的 ‎ ‎9.　　　n. &vt.请求;要求 ‎ 阅读词汇 ‎1.elevator n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.petrol n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.official adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.voyage n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.apartment n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.latter adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.identity n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.accent n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.lightning n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.block n.　　　　　 ‎ 拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　adv. 实际上;事实上→　　　　adj.真实的;实际的 ‎ ‎2.　　　adj.逐渐的;逐步的→　　　adv. 逐渐地;逐步地 ‎ ‎3.　　　adj.流利的;流畅的→　　　adv. 流利地;流畅地→　　　n.流利;流畅 ‎ ‎4.　　　adj.频繁的;常见的→　　　adv. 常常;频繁地→　　　　n.频率 ‎ ‎5.　　　　n.使用;用法→　　　　vt.使用n.用途→　　　　adj.有用的→　　　　adj.无用的 ‎ ‎6.　　　　n.词语;表示;表达→　　　　vt.表达 ‎ ‎7.　　　　vt.辨认出;承认;公认→　　　　n.认出;认识 ‎ 二、高频短语 ‎1.　　　　　　由于;因为 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　走近;上来;提出 ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　现在;目前 ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　利用;使用 ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　例如……;像这种的 ‎ ‎6.　　　　　　(在……中)扮演一个角色;参与(……) ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　以……为基础 ‎ ‎8.　　　　　　……的数量 ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　超过;非常 ‎ ‎10.　　　　　　信不信由你 ‎ 三、经典句型 ‎1.　　　　　　　　　(为什么不)go by Underground? ‎ ‎2.Native English speakers can understand each other　　　　　　　　　(即使他们说的不是同一种英语). ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　　　　(它更多是以德语为基础)than the English we speak at present. ‎ ‎4.Believe it or not, 　　　　　　　　　(没有什么标准英语).  ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　　　　(这是因为)in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. ‎ 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)‎ ‎1.The 　　　(最后的)point was important. ‎ ‎2.Titanic sank on its first 　　　(航行). ‎ ‎3.My computer has a program which can correct my 　　　 (拼写) automatically. ‎ ‎4.If your 　　　 (词汇量)is small, you will be bad in English. ‎ ‎5.She received several 　　　 (正式的) letters this morning. ‎ ‎6.She was born in Germany and her 　　　(本国的)language is German.  ‎ ‎7.Go 　　　 (直接地) down the road until you come to the English language school. ‎ ‎8.The police are trying to discover the 　　　 (身份) of the killer. ‎ ‎9.The store is three 　　　 (街区) away. It is very convenient for us to buy things. ‎ ‎10.He hated being in the army because he had to obey 　　　 (命令). ‎ ‎11.Some medical experts will study the case at the 　　　 (要求) of the hospital. ‎ ‎12.His story　　　　　　　　　(以……为基础)his own experience when he was studying at Harvard University. ‎ ‎13.As a matter of fact, the teachers　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在……中起着重要的作用)the study and life of the students. ‎ ‎14.There is no way 　　　　　　 (目前)of predicting what the long-term effects of the accident will be. ‎ ‎15.I believe Mary as she always 　　　 her ideas　　　(以……作为……的基础)scientific experiments. ‎ ‎16.　　　　　　　　　　　　(信不信由你), three out of every four high school students in our city now have mobile phones of their own. ‎ ‎17.The caste system is still strong in some eastern countries, 　　　　　　(例如)India. ‎ ‎18.They tried their best to　　　　　　　　　(利用;使用)the chance that their school offered books. ‎ ‎19.　　　　　　(由于;因为)the weather, we have to postpone the sports meeting. ‎ ‎20.The question which 　　　　　　(被提出)at the meeting was whether we had enough money. ‎ ‎(二)单句填空 ‎1.As is known to all, education is a 　　　 process,and people are 　　　aware of its importance.(gradual) ‎ ‎2.The puzzled　　　 on her face suggested that she didn’t know how she could　　　her feelings properly.(express) ‎ ‎3.He had changed so much that you couldn’t 　　　him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond all　　　.(recognize) ‎ ‎4.Mary speaks 　　　Chinese while her brother speaks Japanese　　　.(fluent) ‎ ‎5.Please set off earlier because the traffic jams are more　　　and what’s worse, the buses run less　　　 on Sundays. (frequent) ‎ 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.为何不多参加锻炼,多吃水果和蔬菜呢?(why not)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　and eat more fruit and vegetables? ‎ ‎2.尽管你不喜欢不同的观点,但对它们也要采取开放的胸怀。(even if)‎ Be open-minded towards different opinions　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎3.与其说是她的聪明,倒不如说是她的努力工作造就了她的成功。(more...than...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 led to her success. ‎ ‎4.天下没有免费的午餐。(there is no such thing as...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 in the world. ‎ ‎5.我知道那是因为我在课后没有花大量时间记忆它们。(that is because...)‎ I know　　　　　　　　　in memorizing them after class.‎ 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 ‎ 写作词汇 ‎1.native　2.base　3.vocabulary　4.spelling　5.command　6.request 7.straight　8.fluent　9.request 阅读词汇 ‎1.电梯;升降机　2.汽油　3.官方的;正式的;公务的　4.航行;航海 5.公寓住宅;单元住宅　6.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的　7.本身;本体;身份　8.口音;腔调;重音　9.闪电　10.街区;块;木块;石块 拓展词汇 ‎1.actually;actual　2.gradual;gradually　3.fluent;fluently;fluency　4.frequent;frequently;frequency　5.usage;use;useful;useless　6.expression;express 7.recognize;recognition 二、高频短语 ‎1.because of　2.come up　3.at present　4.make use of　5.such as　6.play a part(in...)　7.be based on...　8.the number of　9.more than 10.believe it or not 三、经典句型 ‎1.Why not　2.even if they don't speak the same kind of English　3.It was based more on German　4.there is no such thing as standard English 5.This is because 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写 ‎1.latter　2.voyage　3.spelling　4.vocabulary　5.official　6.native 7.straight　8.identity　9.blocks　10.commands　11.request　12.is based on　13.play an important part in　14.at present　15.bases;on　16.Believe it or not　17.such as　18.make use of　19.Because of　20.came up ‎(二)单句填空 ‎ ‎1.gradual;gradually　2.expression;express　3.recognize;recognition　4.fluent;fluently　5.frequent;frequently 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.Why not do more exercise　2.even if you don't like them 3.It was more her hard work than cleverness that　4.There is no such thing as a free lunch　5.that is because I didn't spend much time ‎1 课文与语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ So why has English changed 　1　 time? Actually all languages change and develop 　2　 cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English 　3　 (speak) today. It was based more on German ‎ ‎　4　 the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150,English became 　5　 (little) like German because those who 　6　 (rule)England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and 　7　 (especial) its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a 　8　 (wide) vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British 　9　(settle) moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to 　10　 (speak)in both countries .                                                                                                                                                                                        ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  ‎ ‎2 课文与短文改错 根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ When people use words and expressions different from the “standard language”, it called a dialect. American English has much dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also play a part making dialects. Some people live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects to them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect that people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many differently dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, he still recognize and understand each other dialects.‎ ‎3 话题知识与写作 Ⅰ. 根据提示翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1.我总是利用每个星期天在我们学校学习。(make use of)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                ‎ ‎2.一次,由于下大雨,我不能回家。(because of)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                ‎ ‎3.有人打着伞向我走来。(come up)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                ‎ ‎4.我马上认出来那是我的老师。(recognize)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎5.她在日常生活中帮助我们,她还在我们的英语学习中起了很重要的作用。(play an important role in...)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎6.她不仅仅是我们的老师,还是我们的朋友。(more than)‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ Ⅱ.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。‎ ‎                                                                                                                                                                                   ‎ ‎            ‎ 答案精解精析 ‎1.课文与语法填空 ‎1.over　2.when　3.spoken　4.than　5.less　6.ruled　7.especially　8.wider　9.settlers　10.be spoken ‎2.课文与短文改错 When people use words and expressions different from the “standard language”, it ① called a dialect. American English has ② dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also ③ a part ④ making dialects. Some people ⑤或 in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects ⑥. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect ‎ ‎⑦people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many ⑧dialects are spoken. Although many ‎ Americans move a lot, ⑨ still recognize and understand each⑩dialects.‎ ‎①主语和call构成被动关系;由语境可知应使用一般现在时。‎ ‎②dialects为复数形式,故应该使用many修饰;much常修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎③主语为第三人称单数,故谓语动词应该使用单数形式。‎ ‎④play a part in doing sth.在做某事的过程中起作用。‎ ‎⑤此处可加关系代词who或that引导定语从句;另外,把谓语动词改为非谓语动词也为正确答案。‎ ‎⑥take...with...……带着……。‎ ‎⑦the same后常接as。‎ ‎⑧名词前面应使用形容词作为修饰成分。‎ ‎⑨该处代词应该代指上文中的many Americans。‎ ‎⑩此处应该使用所有格。‎ ‎3.话题知识与写作 Ⅰ.1.I am always making use of every Sunday to learn in our school.‎ ‎2.Once I couldn’t go home because of a heavy rain.‎ ‎3.There was a person coming up to me with an umbrella.‎ ‎4.I immediately recognized it was my teacher.‎ ‎5.She helps us with our daily life, and she also plays an important role in our English learning.‎ ‎6.She is more than our teacher;she is also our friend.‎ Ⅱ.[参考范文]‎ ‎　　I am always making use of every Sunday to learn in our school. Once I couldn’t go home because of a heavy rain. Fortunately,there was a person coming up to me with an umbrella and I immediately recognized it was my teacher. Not only does she help us with our daily life, but also she plays an important role in our English learning. As far as we are concerned, she is more than our teacher;she is also our friend.‎ 单元阅读解题指导 短文改错中的“词形、词性”纠错技巧 方法指导 在短文改错中,弄清楚词形的变化与不同词性之间的相互修饰关系是做好题目的关键。比如:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词、动词、分词等。另外,在一般现在时中可根据谓语动词的单复数来判断名词的单复数形式。‎ 典例引领 (2017课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎　　In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!”“Slow down!”“Turning left!”I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ 方法运用 答案 ‎1.第一句:eighteen→eighteenth　考查数词。此处表示“我的第18个生日”,故用序数词。‎ ‎2.第二句:hard后加the或者my　考查冠词或者代词。序数词前应该用定冠词the;本句中也可用形容词性物主代词,表示“我(学开车)的第一天”。‎ ‎3.第三句:so→but/yet　考查连词。上车之前,我认为自己已经了解了教练的指示,但是车一发动起来,我的头脑就一片空白了。根据语境可知前后内容之间为转折关系而非因果关系,故改为表示转折关系的并列连词but或者yet。‎ ‎4.第三句:goes→went　考查时态。根据上下文可知,作者是在回忆过去的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎5.第五句:word→words　考查名词复数。由“Speed up!”“Slow down!”可知此处用复数形式。‎ ‎6.第五句:Turning→Turn　考查祈使句。此处表示教练发出的命令,应用祈使句,故改为动词原形。‎ ‎7.第六句:去掉much　考查固定用法。此处为so...that...结构,为固定用法。so在句中修饰形容词nervous,much多余,故删除。‎ ‎8.第七句:late→later　考查副词。此处意为“几分钟之后”,later符合语境。‎ ‎9.第八句:suddenly→sudden　考查形容词。此处修饰名词stop,故用形容词。‎ ‎10.第八句:on→of　考查介词。in the middle of...意为“在……中间”。‎ 单元综合知识检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018陕西铜川模拟)‎ English Language Day is celebrated each year on April 23—the date when William Shakespeare was born. Shakespeare has been called the greatest writer in the English language. His plays continue to be published,performed in theaters and seen in films almost 400 years after his death.‎ English is considered as the “world language”.Used by only 3 tribes about 1,500 years ago,English now has official or special status in at least 75 countries with a total population of over two billion. English is the main language of business and aviation (航空).It is the most widely used language on the Internet and social media.‎ The first English Language Day was the result of work by the United Nations. A few years ago,the UN’s Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization created Language Days for each of the UN’s six official languages. The aim was to celebrate the use of different languages around the world and different cultures. Another goal was to campaign for equal use of all six official languages throughout the United Nations. The other five languages are Arabic,Chinese,French,Russian and Spanish.‎ The United Nations celebrated its first English Language Day on April 23,2010. On that day,a number of events were held at the UN’s headquarters in New York City. This year,the TOEFL program has announced plans for a “live” question and answer chat on the social media website FaceBook . TOEFL is also known as the Test of English as a Foreign Language. The group says the program is for students interested in learning more about its test and the English language.‎ ‎1.English Language Day has something to do with　　　. ‎ A.a great writer of 400 years ago B.the development of aviation C.the Internet and social media D.some plays performed in theaters ‎2.What do you know about English?‎ A.It is the most widely used language in the world.‎ B.It is the language spoken by most people.‎ C.It is the top official language of the United Nations.‎ D.It is the oldest language in the world.‎ ‎3.Which of the following languages is NOT one of the UN’s six official languages?‎ A.Chinese. B.Russian. C.German. D.French.‎ ‎4.It can be known from the passage that 　　　. ‎ A.the TOEFL program is no longer popular in China B.the first English Language Day came into being in 2010‎ C.English Language Day is the only language day in the world D.the United Nations will create more Language Days in the future B ‎(2018福建莆田一中高三模拟,B)‎ Toddler World Nursery was delighted to employ a trainee—twenty-two-year-old Jonathan Brown—as their first male nursery teacher. He was also the only man who applied for the job, but Margery Bowman, head teacher of Toddler World, insisted that he was by far the best applicant. “Both boys and girls will benefit from the experience of having a male role in the nursery,”said Margery.‎ Jonathan has always been interested in childcare. His own mother is a childminder and his father is a teacher. “I’ve always helped Mum look after all the children,” he says. “I’m used to changing nappies, feeding babies, reading stories and playing with Lego.” ‎ But Jonathan is a rare male in a female world. Only 2% of nursery teachers are men and this hasn’t changed for ten years. Roger Olsen of the National Nursery Trust said, “Men ‎ are often viewed with anxiety and suspicion in a children’s environment. Or they are expected to do things the way women do them. But men bring different things into childcare and this has to be recognized.” Jonathan agrees. He is a qualified under-7s’ football coach, and plans to introduce football lessons to the nursery for boys and girls.‎ What do Jonathan’s friends think of his choice?‎ ‎“Actually, most of them are pretty cool about it now,” he says, “though they do make jokes of nappies. And I’ve found that girls are actually quite impressed—so that’s good!”‎ ‎5.Why was Jonathan employed by Toddler World Nursery?‎ A.He was the best among all the applicants.‎ B.He was the only man who applied for the job.‎ C.He would be able to teach kids to play football.‎ D.He could do things the way women do them.‎ ‎6.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “childminder”?‎ A.Instructor. B.Superior.‎ C.Babysitter. D.Coach.‎ ‎7.What did Roger Olsen say about the job of childcare?‎ A.It could only be done by women.‎ B.It required people’s understanding.‎ C.It took time to change.‎ D.It needed men teachers to bring something different.‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ How do learning habits influence learning results? It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous　1　(say) “Good habits lead to good endings”, which shows the importance of habits. ‎ ‎“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” also　2　 (show) how a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge 　3　 (include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes 　4　 the content of our learning. 　5　 (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our goals. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit—keeping 　6　learning diary every day. We can start the habit by 　7　 (write) learning summary and remember to record something impressive and 　8　(mean). ‎ Keep it in mind, 　9　 gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. ‎ What’s　10　 (much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice. ‎ I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits.‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 ‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2017河北石家庄一模)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mistakes are unavoidable in our life. But attitudes towards it may make a difference.‎ I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In a beginning,I always kept silent in our oral classes to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to express that I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging,my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak it. Practice made perfect. Now I can talk fluent in English.‎ Just as the saying goes,“Every bean has its black.”Don’t afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes,and success is just waiting for you.‎ 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎[语篇解读]　文章介绍了英语语言日的起源以及目的等内容。‎ ‎1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知,English Language Day选在每年的4月23日庆祝是因为这一天是William Shakespeare出生的日子,而William Shakespeare又是一位400年前的伟大作家,故选A。‎ ‎2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段的“English is considered as the ’world language’”可知,英语被认为是世界语言。再根据“English now has official or special status in at least 75 countries with ‎ a total population of over two billion.”可知,英语在至少75个国家,20多亿人口中拥有官方的或特殊的地位。由此推知,英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言。‎ ‎3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“The other five languages are Arabic, Chinese, French,Russian and Spanish.”可知,联合国的六种官方语言除了英语之外,还有阿拉伯语、汉语、法语、俄语和西班牙语。由此可知,德语不属于联合国的六种官方语言之一。‎ ‎4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The United Nations celebrated its first English Language Day on April 23,2010.”可知,联合国是在2010年庆祝第一个英语语言日的。由此可知,第一个英语语言日是2010年诞生的。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,介绍了Toddler World幼儿园终于迎来了它的第一位男性教师。Jonathan Brown既是唯一来应聘的男性,也是最佳的应聘者。‎ ‎5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知,Toddler World 的校长Margery Bowman认为Jonathan是最佳的申请者。故选A。‎ ‎6.C　词义猜测题。根据下文换尿布、讲故事等事情可知Jonathan的母亲从事的是与照顾小孩有关的工作,故选C。 ‎ ‎7.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中Roger Olsen 说的话But men bring different things into childcare and this has to be ‎ recognized.可知,他认为男性教师给儿童护理行业带来了不一样的东西,这一点应该被人们认可。由此推断Roger Olsen认为儿童护理行业应该引进男性教师,以带来新的东西。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎[语篇解读]　本文讲述了习惯的重要性。‎ ‎1.saying　考查名词。there is a famous saying表示“有一句名言”。‎ ‎2.shows　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;句子的主语为“An apple a day keeps the doctor away”, 谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎3.included　考查过去分词。high scores and abundant knowledge和include之间构成被动关系,故用过去分词。‎ ‎4.to/towards　考查介词。attitudes to/towards表示“对……的态度”。‎ ‎5.Obviously　考查副词。根据语境可知,此处应用副词作状语。‎ ‎6.a　考查冠词。diary为可数名词,故应用不定冠词a,表示泛指。‎ ‎7.writing　考查动名词。by为介词,后接动名词作宾语。‎ ‎8.meaningful　考查形容词。根据前面的impressive可知,此处也应用形容词。‎ ‎9.and　考查固定句型。这是一个固定句型“祈使句+and+陈述句”。‎ ‎10.more　考查固定词组。what’s more表示“而且”。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎ Mistakes are unavoidable in our life. But attitudes towards ① may make a difference.‎ I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In ② beginning,I always kept silent in our oral classes to avoid ③ mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation.He encouraged me to express ④ I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt ⑤, my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I ⑥ have avoided them. I also joined ⑦in an English club to get more chances to speak it. Practice ⑧ perfect. Now I can talk ⑨ in English.‎ Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.”Don’t ⑩ afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for you.‎ ‎①考查代词。根据上句中的Mistakes可知需将it改为them。‎ ‎②考查冠词。in the beginning为固定短语,意为“开始时”。‎ ‎③avoid后需用动名词作宾语,故将make改为making。‎ ‎④考查宾语从句。“that I thought”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,故将that改为what。‎ ‎⑤discouraging令人气馁的;discouraged灰心的。根据句意可知需将discouraging改为discouraged。‎ ‎⑥考查情态动词。could have done sth.过去本能够做某事;must have done sth.过去一定做了某事。根据语境可知需将must改为could。‎ ‎⑦join in的宾语通常为 “活动”;join(=become a member of)的宾语通常为“组织”。本句中an English club属于一个组织,故将in去掉。‎ ‎⑧考查时态。“熟能生巧”为真理,故用一般现在时,因此将made改为makes。‎ ‎⑨考查副词。应该用副词fluently作状语,修饰talk。‎ ‎⑩考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式为:Don’t+动词原形+其他因此需在Don’t后加be。be afraid of doing sth.为固定短语,意为“害怕做某事”。‎