2021届通用版高考英语一轮语法复习专练学案：考点八并列句和状语从句练习

2021届通用版高考英语一轮语法复习专练学案：考点八并列句和状语从句练习

考点八　并列句和状语从句 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．Sometimes it's hard to accept the truth ________ the lie sounds so much better.‎ 答案：because　句意：有时候事实真相很难被接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳多了。此处表示原因，故填because。‎ ‎2．________ noted otherwise, these brochures are free of charge.‎ 答案：Unless　句意：除非另外标注，否则这些小册子都是免费的。根据语意可知，用unless。本题也是一个省略句，相当于Unless these brochures are noted ... 。‎ ‎3．She was such a proud person that she would die ________ she would admit she was wrong.‎ 答案：before　句意：她是个如此骄傲的人以至于她宁愿死也不愿承认她是错的。这里用before，翻译成“宁可……也不愿”，常与will或would连用。‎ ‎4．I think John will make a good monitor, ________ I'd like to vote for him.‎ 答案：so　句意：我认为约翰会成为一个好班长，所以我想选他。前后句是因果关系，故填so。‎ ‎5．My mother is always warning me when I go out, “Don't get off the bus ________ it is running.”‎ 答案：while　句意：我出去的时候，妈妈总是警告我：“不要在车还在走的时候下车。” 此处while意为“当……的时候”。‎ ‎6．I had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me. ‎ 答案：when　句意：我刚一(几乎还没有)按门铃，门突然就被打开了，我儿子就冲出来迎接我。hardly/scarcely ... when，表示“一……就，刚刚……就”。‎ ‎7．I won't lend you my car ________ you promise you will not drive after drinking.‎ 答案：unless　句意：我不会把我的车借给你，除非你保证不会酒后开车。根据句意可知，此处表示“除非”，因此用unless。‎ ‎8．He had to sell his luxury car, ________ his company was in debt.‎ 答案：for　句意：他不得不卖掉自己的豪车，因为他的公司负债了。for “因为”。根据句意可知这里表示原因，且为补充说明。‎ ‎9．Kate, run a bit faster, ________ you can catch up with all of your classmates.‎ 答案：and　句意：凯特，再跑快一点儿，你就能够赶上你所有的同学了。本句是“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”结构。and表顺承关系，故填and。‎ ‎10．________ the movie star has always been the focus of much media attention, he tries to lead a normal life.‎ 答案：While/Though/Although　句意：虽然这个影星一直是媒体关注的焦点，但是他试图过一种正常的生活。根据题意可知，前后分句是让步关系， 故填While/Though/Although。‎ ‎11．You should try to get a good night sleep, ________ much work you have to do.‎ 答案：no matter how　句意：无论你有多少工作要做，你应该尽力保证有充足的睡眠。no matter how可以引导让步状语从句，结构是：no matter how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语。‎ ‎12．When you read the book, you'd better make a mark ________ you have any question.‎ 答案：where　句意：当你读这本书的时候，你最好在你有问题的地方做好标记。where此处引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎13．Relax yourself every day, ________ you'll be too tired to get good grades.‎ 答案：or　本句是“祈使句＋连词＋陈述句”结构。or表示转折关系，意为“否则”， 故填or。‎ ‎14．________ students decide which college to go to, they should research the admission procedures.‎ 答案：Once　句意：一旦决定了要上哪所大学，学生们应该去查询学校的录取程序。once “一旦”。此处引导条件状语从句，故填Once。‎ ‎15．Mr White had no sooner finished the speech ________ the students started cheering.‎ 答案：than　句意：怀特老师一完成报告同学们就欢呼起来。hardly ... when＝no sooner ... than＝scarcely ... when “一……就……”。‎ ‎16．Jim said he was ill, ________ I saw him in the street just now.‎ 答案：yet/but　句意：吉姆说他生病了，然而/但是我刚才在大街上看到了他。yet “然而”，but “但是”，都表转折关系，连接句子。‎ ‎17．Leave it with me ________ I will see what I can do with it.‎ 答案：and　句意：把它交给我吧，我看看能怎么处理。此处表示顺承关系，故用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。‎ ‎18．It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ________ we've actually had ‎ that lesson.‎ 答案：until　句意：对我们来说，从生活中吸取经验教训很难，直到我们真正经历过那次教训。until在此为连词，意为“直到……为止”，符合句意。‎ ‎19．________ the worker has limited technical knowledge, he has a lot of experience.‎ 答案：Though/Although/While　句意：尽管技术知识有限，但是这位工人却有丰富的经验。though/although/while “虽然；尽管”。‎ ‎20．—How much did he charge you for repairing your iPhone?‎ ‎—I don't remember, ________ it was quite a lot.‎ 答案：but　句意：——他修你的苹果手机要了你多少钱？——我不记得了，但要了很多钱。设空处前后两个分句之间是转折关系，故用并列连词but。‎ ‎21．You may use the room as you like as long ________ you clean it up afterwards.‎ 答案：as　句意：你可以随意使用这间屋子，只要你在用完之后把它打扫干净。 as long as “只要”。‎ ‎22．Don't drive so fast ________ you'll have an accident.‎ 答案：or　句意：不要开得那么快，否则会出车祸的。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”为固定句式。此处表示转折，故填or。‎ ‎23．Peter was so excited ________ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.‎ 答案：when　句意：当彼得收到朋友请他去重庆的邀请时非常激动。句中when引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎24．He got up early so ________ he could catch the first bus.‎ 答案：that　句意：他起得很早，目的是赶上早班车。so that引导目的状语从句。‎ ‎25．Only ________ a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.‎ 答案：if　句意：只有老师允许，学生才能离开教室。only if位于句首，后跟状语从句时，主句用部分倒装。‎ ‎26．________ you believe it or not, it is real.‎ 答案：Whether　句意：不管你相信与否，那都是真的。whether ... or ... “不管……还是……”。‎ ‎27．________ you say, he won't believe you.‎ 答案：Whatever　句意：无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。whatever引导让步状语从句并在从句中作宾语。‎ ‎28．It's been five years ________ he left.‎ 答案：since　“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...”句式意为“自从……以来已经多长时间了”。‎ ‎29．You must do the work ________ you are told.‎ 答案：as　句意：你必须按照被告知的那样来做这个工作。as在句中引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎30．Neither can I speak French ________ can I write it.‎ 答案：nor　句意：我既不会说法语也不会写。neither ... nor ... “既不……也不……”，表并列关系。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity before he reaches the end of the story.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：before→until　句意：一个好的讲故事的人必须能抓住听众的好奇心，直到他讲完这个故事为止。主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，且主句为肯定句，应用until，意为“直到……为止”。‎ ‎2．One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：as→when　be doing sth.when ... “正在做某事这时……”，是固定用法。‎ ‎3．I don't mind where I live unless there is my favorite job. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：unless→if　句意：如果有我喜欢的工作，我不介意在哪儿生活。if引导条件状语从句。unless＝if ... not。‎ ‎4．Clever although he is, he doesn't study well.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：although→as/though　形容词提前，构成倒装。让步状语从句的倒装只能用as或though来引导，而不能用although。其构成为“名词/副词/动词/形容词/过去分词＋as/though ＋主语＋动词＋其他成分。”‎ ‎5．I felt that it would be a victory for us even we lost the game.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：even后加if/though　句意： 我认为即使我们比赛输了，对于我们来说也是一个胜利。根据语意，添加if或者though。even if/though “即使”。‎ ‎6．Any measure of an ad's performance is entirely pointless when it could be viewed by a person. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ when→unless　句意：如果一个广告没有人看，广告的任何表现形式都是完全没有意义的。根据句意，应将when改为unless。‎ ‎7．Find more chances to praise your children often, otherwise you'll find they are willing to communicate with you. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：otherwise→and　句意：多找机会经常表扬你的孩子，那么你就会发现他们愿意和你交流。根据前面的祈使句和语境可知，此处是顺承关系，故将otherwise改为and。‎ ‎8．With time goes by, the little boy is becoming stronger and stronger.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：With→As或goes→going　句意：随着时光的流逝，这名小男孩变得越来越强壮。as “随着”，在此为连词，指前后两种动作同时发生；with “随着”，为介词。‎ ‎9．A number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：there前加where　句意：高楼拔地而起，而一年前这里还全部是废墟，where引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎10．Next time that I plan to travel in London, I'm going to take a plane.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉that　next time可用作连词引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎11．Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉but　在although和though引导的让步状语从句后，主句里不可用but。‎ ‎12．She said to me, “I'll tell you the result of the test at the moment I know it.”‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉at　the moment为连词，意思是“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的词还有：the minute/instant；instantly/immediately/directly等。‎ ‎13．Much since I like all the books, I can't afford to buy them.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：since→as/though　当as表示“虽然，尽管”时，其引导的让步状语从句应用倒装语序，将让步状语从句中作表语的名词或形容词、作状语的副词、作谓语的实义动词提前。though也有此用法。‎ ‎14．Jim is so a good boy that everyone likes him. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：so→such　such a/an＋adj.＋名词＋that; so＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋that ‎ “如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，此处修饰名词，故so改为such。‎ ‎15．I am about to leave while there is a knock on the door.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：while→when　句意：我正要离开的时候，突然传来了敲门声。be about to do sth. when ... “正要做某事突然发生了另一件事情”。‎ 并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。并列连词主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。‎ 一、表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both ... and ..., not ... but ..., not only ... but also, neither ... nor ..., either ... or ... 等。‎ I came here in 2001, and I have lived here ever since.‎ Not_only do they offer you joy and excitement, but_they_also encourage you to think critically.‎ 二、表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either ... or ... 等。‎ Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.‎ 三、表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet等。‎ It's an old car, but it's very reliable.‎ 四、表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for, so等。‎ It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.‎ He got up late, so he didn't catch the early bus.‎ 五、when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time 常用于下列句式：①Sb.was/were doing sth.when ... ②Sb.was/were about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when ... ③Sb.had just done sth. when...。‎ We were having lunch when the doorbell rang.‎ They were about to set off when it began to rain.‎ 六、while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比 ‎ He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.‎ 七、“祈使句＋and/or/or else＋陈述句”固定句式 Study hard and you will succeed.‎ Follow your doctor's advice, or your cough will get worse.‎ 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2020·黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学高三上学期开学检测)________ the drug could first be used in only very serious cases, some people even fear that it would become more commonly used.‎ 答案：Although/Though　句意：虽然这种药物最初只能用于非常严重的情况，但有些人甚至担心它会变得更普遍使用。‎ ‎2．(2020·湖北省孝感市第一中学高三年级月考)However, they have been testing to see if eating soil is safe for the body ________ if it could cause any side effects in the past few months.‎ 答案：or　句意：过去的几个月里，他们一直在测试吃土对身体是安全的还是有其他任何的副作用。分析句子可知，前后句为选择关系，故用连词or。‎ ‎3．(2020·湖南邵阳二次联考)In fact, the discontent things are not useless ________ you may learn more from them than from the things that cheer you up.‎ 答案：since/because　句意：事实上，令人不满意的东西不是没有用途，因为与那些使你高兴的东西相比，它们可能会使你学到更多。此处应用连词引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎4．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Whaley got the idea of this secondgrade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands ________ they thought they could never be a president.‎ 答案：if　句意：一天Whaley让孩子们举手表示，如果他们认为他们自己永远都不可能成为总统，这时，Whaley突然有了这个总统竞选活动的想法。if “如果……”。‎ ‎5．(2020·天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.‎ 答案：unless　句意：汤姆很自立，只有在他需要支持的时候，才问父母意见。这里用从属连词unless引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎6．(2019·北京高考)________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.‎ 答案：If　句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的很多动植物将会消失。if引导条件状语从句，主句表明造成的后果。‎ ‎7．(2019·天津高考)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.‎ 答案：that　句意：让我们这个周末再摘桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。‎ ‎8．(2020·哈六中高三第一次调研)His goal is simple: Kids in the hospital are as happy ________ they were before they got sick.‎ 答案：as　此处指和他们生病之前一样快乐。用as引导比较状语从句。‎ ‎9．(2020·云南省曲靖市第一中学质量监督)________ I can't see these flowers, I can touch them.‎ 答案：While/Although　句意：虽然/尽管我看不见这些花，但可以触摸它们。表示让步关系。‎ ‎10．(2019·江苏高考)________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.‎ 答案：Unless　句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。‎ ‎11．(2019·浙江高考)I was performing this action of waiting ________ it later became a habit.‎ 答案：until　句意：我继续这种拖延，直到它成了一种习惯。根据句意填until。‎ ‎12．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, ________ we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.‎ 答案：but　句意：把闲谈看作不重要的事情是很容易的，但是我们不要忘了如果没有闲谈的话，密切的关系也不会存在。前后表示转折关系，因此使用but。‎ ‎13．(2020·河北省衡水中学全国高三第一次联合考试)Monkeys do not like it when others get more food ________ they do, according to a new study.‎ 答案：than　句意：根据一项新的研究，猴子不喜欢别人比它们得到更多的食物。连词than引导比较状语从句。‎ ‎14．(2020·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考)No matter ________ you do, being sincere is the most important.‎ 答案：what　分析句子结构可知，此处表示“无论你做什么”。no matter what引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎15．(2020·广东省高三六校第一次联考)This is because it can not only protect people from being struck by some common disease, ________ also can effectively relieve symptoms.‎ 答案：but　此处为固定用法not only ... but also ... 。‎ ‎16．(2019·天津高考)Next time you take a walk, no matter ________ it is, take ‎ in all the sights, sounds and sensations.‎ 答案：where　句意：下一次你散步的时候，无论在哪儿，欣赏所有的风景、声音和感觉。no matter where引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎17．(2020·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)I looked at the key more closely ________ I realized it was a car key.‎ 答案：and　句意：我更仔细地看看这把钥匙，然后意识到它是一把汽车钥匙。此处表顺承，故用and连接两个句子。‎ ‎18．(2019·天津高考)________ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.‎ 答案：Whenever　句意：无论什么时候你搬到一个新地区，你应该查找火警自动警报器和离你房间最近的两个出口的位置。此处表示“无论什么时候”，因此使用whenever引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎19．(2019·浙江高考)________ his regular job was boring, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline fulltime.‎ 答案：Since　句意：因为他的全职工作令人厌烦，我问他为什么不把副业当成全职来做。此处表示“原因”，故填Since，引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎20．(2019·江苏高考)From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, ________ they continue to rise in many regions.‎ 答案：and　句意：从2004年到2013年，农业土地的价值增加了一倍，并且在很多区域它们的价值在继续上涨。根据语境，表示并列关系，故填and。‎ ‎21．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I jumped at the idea of taking the class ________， after all, who doesn't want to save a few dollars?‎ 答案：because　句意：我迫不及待地想去上这门选修课，因为毕竟谁不想省几个钱呢？此处表示原因，故使用because引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎22．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It's about two sisters—Eri, a model who ________ won't or can't stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student.‎ 答案：either　句意：它是关于两个姐妹，一个是不愿或不能停止睡觉的模特，另一个是玛丽，一个年轻的学生。either ... or ... “要么……要么……”。‎ ‎23．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act ________ I'd freely like to admit.‎ 答案：than　句意：从这个意义上说，我很确定志愿服务比我愿意承认的更自私。more ... than ... “相比……更……”。‎ ‎24．(2020·广西南宁测试)You have to move out of the way ________ the truck cannot get past you.‎ 答案：or　句意：你得让让路，不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知，空格处应用or，意为“否则，不然”。‎ ‎25．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)We see the sky is blue, ________ down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a cloudy day.‎ 答案：but　句意：我们看到天空是蓝色的，但在下面的山谷里，天更黑了，就像阴天一样。前后两个分句存在转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎26．(2020·济南外国语学校高三月考)He had me stop and repeat the procedure two or three more times ________ I grasped it. ‎ 答案：until/till　句意：他让我停下来并且重复了两三次这个过程，直到我掌握了它。根据句意，可知填until或者till。‎ ‎27．(2020·江西上饶高三检测)After 40 years of reform and openingup, China still has a long way to go ________ it becomes a “developed economy”．‎ 答案：before　句意：经过40年的改革开放，中国在成为“发达经济体”之前还有很长的路要走。故填before。‎ ‎28．(2020·江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.‎ 答案：in　句意：医生把他的电话号码告诉病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。in case “以防……”。‎ ‎29．(2019·江苏高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other, ________ we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then.‎ 答案：for　句意：很有可能到2025年我们不再互发邮件，因为那时我们将已经研发出更加便利的电子通讯工具。for是并列连词，表示原因。‎ ‎30．(2020·江淮十校高三第二次联考)He had already passed sixty of the age leading to the tomb, ________ he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.‎ 答案：and　句意：他已经60岁了，除了错误和悔恨，他一无所获。此处表示并列和递进关系，故用连词and。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：but→and　“我计划每两年回乡下一次”与“我父亲同意了”是并列关系，不表示转折，故将but改为and。‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out ‎ to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：where→when　根据后面的“I was a child”可知，“当我还是一个孩子的时候”，是一个时间状语从句，故将where改为when。‎ ‎3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I didn't realize how right my parents were when I entered high school.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：when→until　句意：我直到进入高中才意识到我的父母是多么地正确。not ... until “直到……才……”。‎ ‎4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep after you are very excited.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：after→when　句意：锻炼使你获得能量，因此当你兴奋的时候，很难放松并且获得一个安静的睡眠。when “当……时”。‎ ‎5．(2020·广西南宁市第三中学高三月考)Whether it was raining or hot outside, and he sat there every day.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉and　句意：不管外面下雨还是炎热，他每天都坐在那里。whether “无论”，是从属连词，与or连用引导让步状语从句，故去掉并列连词and。‎ ‎6．(2020·安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)The book tells us not only about her hard life and about her efforts to gain her happiness.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：and→but　句意：这本书不仅告诉我们她艰苦的生活，而且告诉我们她为获得幸福所做的努力。固定搭配：not only ... but (also) “不但……而且……”。故把and改成but。‎ ‎7．(2020·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期第三次月考)They should spend their time learning what is useful but keep a healthy lifestyle as well.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：but→and　此处用and连接两个并列谓语。‎ ‎8．(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试)Though we were tired, but we all felt happy.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：删掉but　Though和but不能连用，故删掉but。‎ ‎9．(2020·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考)Apart from giving him a gift, and you can ‎ also adopt other means.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：删掉and　这是一个简单句，前后并无并列成分，不需要用并列连词and。‎ ‎10．(2020·洛阳统考)She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldn't see each other any longer.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：unless→until/till　until/till “直到”，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎11．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm secretly relieved so I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：so→because　句意：我暗自松了一口气，因为我知道在许多人之间分担志愿者责任是有真正的力量的。此处表原因，故将so改成because。‎ ‎12．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)After I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：After→Before　句意：我还没有意识到这一点，一个小时已经过去了，并且到了去吃午饭的时间了。‎ ‎13．(2020·北京高考)The problem of robocalls has gotten too bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：too→so　分析句子结构可知，这里应该是so ... that ... 状语从句，故将too改为so。‎ ‎14．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)We love Mexican churros, but I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：but→so　句意：我们喜欢墨西哥小油条，因此我们通过电话从当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆中购买它们。空格前后是因果关系，而不是转折关系，故将but改为so。‎ ‎15．(2020·广东省深圳市高级中学高三上学期第一次测试)Facing the rough sea, I felt a bit worried and nearly gave up at first. And when I saw many people enjoying themselves in the water, my fear was reducing.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：And→But　句意：但是，当我看到许多人在水里玩得很开心时，我的恐惧减轻了。前后句存在转折关系，所以And改成But。‎ 状语从句 一、时间状语从句 ‎1．when, while和as when引导的从句的谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词；while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比；as引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词，有“随着”之意，多用于主从句动作同时发生。 ‎ When/While my mother was cleaning the room, I was reading a novel.‎ The students took notes as they listened.‎ ‎2．as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, no sooner ... than, hardly/scarcely ... when等引导时间状语从句时，常译为“一……就……”。‎ I'll call you as_soon_as I arrive in Shanghai.‎ ‎3．before和since before常译为“在……之前；还未来得及……就……；多久之后才……”，句式为“It was/will be＋时间段＋before ...”；since “自从……”，句式为“It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...”。 ‎ You'd better write the phrases down before you forget them.‎ It's_been ten years since we came here.‎ ‎4．until和till 主句为肯定句时，主句谓语用延续性动词，指动作一直持续到从句谓语动作发生，意为“直到……”；主句为否定句时，主句谓语用短暂性动词，指动作直到从句谓语动作发生时才开始，意为“直到……才……”。‎ I waited for him until school was over.‎ The boy didn't go to bed until his mother came back.‎ 注意：名词(短语)each time, every time, next time, the first time等也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。‎ 二、原因状语从句 原因状语从句一般用because, as, since等来引导。‎ because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问。since语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。as语气最弱，从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。它表示的原因是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因。‎ He didn't go to school because he was ill.‎ Since it is late, I shall go home now.‎ As he wasn't there, we left a message.‎ 三、结果状语从句 结果状语从句用so ... that ..., such ... that, so that引导。‎ ‎ It was such delicious food that they ate it up.‎ ‎ The teacher spoke loud so_that everybody heard him.‎ 四、目的状语从句 目的状语从句用so that, in order that, in case, for fear that引导，从句谓语常含有may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。‎ We turned on the light so_that we could see clearly what it was.‎ Lily didn't want to get out of bed for_fear_that she might wake her baby up.‎ 五、让步状语从句 ‎1．让步状语从句一般用(al)though, as, while, even though/if, no matter＋疑问词，疑问词ever引导。‎ ‎ Though he had a cold, he still worked in his office.‎ He will come on time even_if it rains.‎ ‎2．as引导让步状语从句时，需进行倒装，把从句的表语、状语或谓语部分的实义动词置于句首；若表语是可数名词单数，其前不能有冠词。‎ Try as he might, he still couldn't lift the big case.‎ Child as he is, he learns many things from the books.‎ ‎3．疑问词ever与“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可以互换。‎ ‎ Keep calm, whatever/no_matter_what happens.‎ ‎ Wherever/No_matter_where you go, I'll go with you.‎ 注意：疑问词ever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句，而“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。‎ 六、地点状语从句 地点状语从句用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。‎ Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ You can put the book wherever you like.‎ 七、条件状语从句 条件状语从句用if, unless, as/so long as等引导，unless相当于if ... not。‎ I will buy a computer if I am able to save up enough money.‎ I'm happy as__long_as you are happy.‎ 八、方式状语从句 方式状语从句用as, as if/though等引导。as if/though引导的从句常用虚拟语气(但是当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句要用陈述语气)。‎ The worker finished his work as the boss told him.‎ She treats her husband as_if he were a stranger.‎ 九、比较状语从句 比较状语从句由as, than等引导，从句中通常省略与主句相同的部分，或用助动词do, does, did代替与主句部分相同的谓语。‎ There are as many people in our town as (there are) in your town.‎ I know you better than he (does)．‎