【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之六（16页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之六（16页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题语法填空模拟试题10篇训练之六 ‎[一]‎ There are many debates about___41___to allow cell phones in school. Cell phones have benefits, but they also provide disadvantages.‎ ‎___42___(cheat) in school has increased to 75 percent since 1940s.Technology has helped to increase this number and half of students say they don't think cheating with cell phones is___43___(difficulty).With built-in cameras, cell phones enable students___44___(take)a picture of tests and answers. Then, teenagers can send those___45___(picture) to the others. Texting is another way to cheat. Smart phones also have access to the Internet, and students can find answers ___46___(they).‎ Cell phones in school also make teens seldom communicate with others face to face. Even at lunch time a cell phone___47___(allow)a student to listen to music instead of talking with friends.‎ Cell phones provide new tools in teaching,___48___is more likely to make students absentminded.___49___most obvious is the ringing at wrong times. Because texting is___50___(believe)immediate, you can also use a cell phone to carry on a dialog in the middle of class.‎ ‎【答案】41. whether 42. Cheating 43. difficult 44. to take 45. pictures 46. themselves 47. allows 48. which 49. The 50. unbelievably ‎【解析】本文主要介绍了在校园内使用手机的危害。学生在校使用手机会使学生作弊率上升；同时，还会使同学之间缺乏沟通交流；老师在课上使用手机也可能使得学生注意力不集中，干扰课堂教学。‎ ‎41. 考查连词。结合下文可知，这里表达的是“是否”应该允许在学校里使用手机。表达选择的连词有whether和if,但是在介词后面只能用whether。故填whether。‎ ‎42. 考查动名词做主语。分析句子结构，has increased是句子的谓语，前 面缺乏主语。这里“作弊”是一个抽象的概念，而非具体的动作，所以用动名词形式。故填cheating。‎ ‎43. 考查系表结构。前面是系动词is,因此后面的表语应该用difficulty的形容词形式，故填difficult.‎ ‎44. 考查动词的固定搭配。Enable sb to do sth,使某人能够做某事；因此take应该用不定式形式，故填to take。‎ ‎45. 考查名词的单复数形式。从前面的Those可知，后面的picture应该用复数形式；故填pictures。‎ ‎46. 考查反身代词。这里themselves做主语students的同位语，加强句子语气。故填themselves。‎ ‎47. 考查主谓一致。从前面的a cell phone可知，后面的谓语动词allow应该用第三人称单数形式，故填allows。‎ ‎49. 考查the＋形容词。从句子结构分析，句子缺乏主语。the＋形容词可以表示一类事物，使形容词性名词化。故填the。‎ ‎50. 考查副词修饰形容词。结合上下文可知，此处表达的是“打字聊天”非常“快速”，这里unbelievably作为副词修饰“快速”的程度。故填unbelievably。‎ ‎[二]‎ I've lived in three Asian cities, and they all surprised___41___(I) on the upside. In the case of China,here's___42___I like it.‎ It's modern and continues to develop all the time. They have modern___43___(city),and excellent transport facilities, including their unmatched high-speed train network. They have excellent hotels, restaurants, and beautiful parks etc.‎ There's a feeling of safety and___44___(free) in Chinese cities. There's no need to tell you what to do and you can see from the behavior of the diverse crowd. People just do___45___they want.In most places no policemen___46___(see).Do you know that police in China don't have firearms? They usually do their job silently and behave ‎ reasonably,___47___ (add) to the security and order.‎ The Chinese people are friendly. You will always get help even if you can't speak a Chinese word besides nihao, or they can't speak English. They'll spend time and go out of their way___48___(explain) to you how to get somewhere, or how to buy___49___train ticket.They'll___50___(patient) and enthusiastically explain how to get what you need. They'll be positive and practical all the time while helping you.‎ ‎【答案】41. me 42. why 43. cities 44. freedom 45. what 46. are seen ‎ ‎47. adding 48. to explain 49. a 50. patiently ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者喜欢中国的三个原因：城市很现代化，交通发达；居民很自由且有安全感；中国人十分友好，乐于助人。‎ ‎41. 动词后面跟代词的宾格形式，故填me。‎ ‎42. “I like it”是从句部分，主句有主语和系动词，且下文讲了三条作者喜欢中国的理由。所以此处是原因状语从句，缺引导词。故填why。‎ ‎43. city可数名词，前面没有冠词a，且根据句意应用复数形式，故填cities。‎ ‎44. 此处与safety是并列关系，需用名词。故填freedom。‎ ‎45. do后接宾语从句，they want是从句中的主谓，缺乏引导词。故填what。‎ ‎46. 被动语态，policemen是复数，通篇都是一般现在时，所以谓语用are，see的过去分词是seen。故填are seen。‎ ‎47. 逗号后面是非限制性定语从句，现在分词作主动定语。故填adding。‎ ‎48. go后面跟动词不定式。故填to explain。‎ ‎49. train ticket名词单数，前面要有冠词，因为不是元音开头，也不是专有名词，所以不能用an和the。故填a。‎ ‎50. and前后是并列成分，enthusiastically是副词，修饰动词explain，所以要用patient的副词形式。故填patiently。‎ ‎[三]‎ How Learning Habits Influence on Learning Results ‎ It's useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous saying “ Good habits lead to good endings”，which shows the 61 (important ) of habits.‎ ‎ “ An apple a day keeps a doctor 62 ” also shows how a healthy everyday habit helps 63 (build）up our body. Thus， good learning habits can help us gain great learning results， 64 (include) high scores and abundant(丰富的) knowledge. At first，learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes to the content of our learning. 65 ( obvious)，a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see，developing a good habit is so important 66 I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits — keep a learning diary every day. We can start the habit by 67 (write) learning summaries and remember to record something 68 (impress) and meaningful. Keep 69 in mind, we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.‎ ‎ What's more，I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time and I will conquer this problem by spending more effort 70 concentration practice in future.‎ ‎ I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good habits.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.importance62.away63.tobuild64.including65.Obviously66.that 67.writing68.impressive69.it70.on ‎[四]‎ Several countries in Asia celebrate the Lunar New Year in their own way. But dragon and lion dances in Chinatowns all over the world have helped to make China’s New Year the most famous. These days growing ___41___(number)of people who are not of Chinese origin are joining in. In Tokyo window cleaners dress up ___42___the animals of the Chinese Shengxiao.‎ America, Canada and New Zealand have published memorial stamps for the year of the chicken. Last year New York City made the Lunar New Year ___43___school holiday for the first time.‎ The spread of the Spring Festival is ___44___(part) due to recent immigration from China. 9.5 million Chinese people____45____(move) abroad since 1978, many of ___46___are far richer than earlier waves of immigrants.‎ Aware of China’s growing economic and political influence, foreign ‎ leaders have noticed the occasion. Britain’s prime minister, Theresa May, has given a video address, a tradition ___47___(start)in 2014 by her predecessor(前任). This year’s World Econmic Forum in Davos was held a week earlier than usual ____48____(avoid) conflicting with China’s New Year.‎ It ____49____(hope) that the festival will promote its cultural “soft power” abroad. So it may give the Chinese people ____50____(satisfy) to see foreigners enjoy such festivities.‎ ‎【答案】41. numbers 42. as 43. a 44. partly 45. have moved 46. whom 47. started 48. to avoid 49. is hoped 50. satisfaction ‎【解析】文章讲述了中国传统的舞龙舞狮在国外的流行和发展的过程。‎ ‎41. numbers 考查名词。此处修饰可数名词复数people，且没有具体数字修饰，指许多人，用名词复数形式。故填numbers.‎ ‎42. as 考查介词。dress up as“装扮成，打扮成”，as表示“当作”，故填as.‎ ‎43. a 考查冠词。此处修饰单数可数名词holiday，指“一个学校节日”，表示数量一，故填a.‎ ‎44. partly 考查副词。此处修饰副词due to用副词形式，指在一定程度上因为，故填partly.‎ ‎45. have moved 考查时态语态。根据句中时间状语since 1978可知用现在完成时，故填have moved.‎ ‎46. whom 考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，此处指代people且用于介词of后作宾语用whom,‎ 故填whom.‎ ‎47. started 考查动词时态。根据时间状语in 2014，此处叙述过去发生的一件事，用过去时态。故填started.‎ ‎48. to avoid 考查不定式。此处是不定式作目的状语，指为了避免和中国的新年冲突。故填to avoid.‎ ‎49. is hoped 考查时态语态。句中it和动词hope是被动关系，It is hoped that“人们希望，事情被希望”，故填is hoped.‎ ‎50. satisfaction 考查名词。此处作动词give的宾语用名词，指给人们满意。故填satisfaction.‎ ‎[五]‎ When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the West, 1 everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes 2 (place) on the table and everybody shares. If you’re being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.‎ During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests 3 (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don’t like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food 4 (leave) there. But don’t stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it’s very impolite 5 the host and seniors who are present at the table.‎ At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn’t turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is 6 Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for 7 (fisherman) and their boats. The 8 (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially ‎ true in southern China.‎ These tips above will be 9 (extreme) useful when you visit China, an 10 (east) country with a long history. ‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的餐桌文化。就餐礼仪因文化不同而不同。‎ ‎1．where　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the West，同时在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎2．are placed　考查动词的时态和语态。句子讲述的是客观情况，要用一般现在时；主语the dishes与动词place之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。‎ ‎3．to show　考查非谓语动词。主人用公筷夹菜给客人，这是为了表示对客人的礼貌。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。‎ ‎4．left　考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，空处作宾语the food的补足语，并且the food与leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以要用过去分词。‎ ‎5．to　考查介词。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短语，意思是“对某人礼貌/不礼貌”。‎ ‎6．the　考查冠词。“fan”在汉字里表示“翻过来”的意思。此处表示特指，故要用定冠词the。‎ ‎7．fishermen　考查名词复数。fisherman为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故空处应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8．separation　考查名词。空处前面有定冠词The修饰，再结合空后的of可知，空处应填名词。‎ ‎9．extremely　考查副词。空处修饰后面的形容词useful，作状语，要用副词。‎ ‎10．eastern　考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词country，表示“东方的”，所以要用eastern。‎ ‎[六]‎ In 2018 the new Silk Road will get a digital dimension. Chinese ‎ scientist Guo Huadong on Tuesday published an article on the website of the academic journal Nature, calling on scientists to build a digital Silk Road to make 1 best of big data.‎ Guo, 2 is an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), said in the article that 3 (share) big data from satellite imagery and other earth observations in the regions covered by China’s Belt and Road Initiative is key to sustainability (可持续发展)．‎ Guo underlined that the 4 (environment) are diverse and fragile with various natural dangers in the regions. He believes a combination of 5 (accuracy), reliable and timely scientific observations of ecosystems 6 (be) vital.‎ Guo has been chairman of the Digital Belt and Road Program which 7 (set) up in 2016 by Chinese scientists teaming up 8 experts from 19 countries and 7 international organizations.‎ The aim of the Digital Belt and Road Program is 9 (improve) environmental monitoring, promote data sharing and support policymaking, Guo said.‎ In the article, Guo also 10 (sincere) invited more natural and social scientists to join the shared effort.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国科学院院士郭华东在《自然》上发表评论文章，呼吁各国家充分利用“地球大数据”，携手共建“数字丝绸之路”。‎ ‎1．the　考查冠词。make the best of表示“充分利用”，是固定搭配，故填the。‎ ‎2．who　考查定语从句。空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句，指代人，并在从句中作主语，故用who。‎ ‎3．sharing　考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词短语在that引导的从句中作主语，表示主动关系及一般性动作。‎ ‎4．environments　考查名词。根据后面的are可知此处要用名词的复数形式，故填environments。‎ ‎5．accurate　考查形容词。空处所填词与reliable和timely并列，修饰scientific observations，故用形容词accurate (精确的，准确的)。‎ ‎6．is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处说的是现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时；主语为“a combination of ...”，谓语要用第三人称单数形式，故填is。‎ ‎7．was set　考查动词的时态和语态。由in 2016可知，谓语要用一般过去时；which(指代先行词the Digital Belt and Road Program)与set up之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，所以填was set。‎ ‎8．with　考查介词。team up with意为“与……合作或一起工作”，故填with。‎ ‎9．to improve　考查非谓语动词。空处所填词作表语，表示目的及主动关系，故要用不定式to improve。‎ ‎10．sincerely　考查副词。空处所填词修饰谓语动词，故要用副词sincerely(真诚地)。‎ ‎[七]‎ Since childhood, I 1 (see) action movies starring Bruce Lee and Jackie Chen, and I was always curious to learn the martial arts (武术)． 2 there is China, there is kung fu. Once I arrived in China, my dream was 3 (learn) t’ai chi ch’uan and kung fu and master the techniques of martial arts.‎ After my arrival on campus on the first day, I went for a walk in the early morning. I saw some older people 4 (practise) t’ai chi ch’uan slowly. I stopped and watched their movements closely. It attracted me, and the very next day at registration time, I rushed to the teacher’s office to choose t’ai chi ch’uan as my 5 (option) course. The following week I was on the grounds early in the morning with my classmates. The teacher told us that t’ai chi ch’uan 6 (favor) for its health benefits. The movement of the body is related 7 the yin and yang forces.‎ The main 8 (rule) that the teacher taught us were attitude, discipline (自律) and balance. I was taking every bit of the training 9 (serious) and trying to maintain my balance, which was a difficult job. ‎ However, as the teacher puts 10 ， our attitude, our willingness and our action will make the impossible possible. And I will do.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述的是自己到中国实现自己儿时学习中国功夫的梦想。‎ ‎1．have seen　考查动词的时态。自孩提时代，“我”一直看李小龙和成龙主演的功夫片。since引出的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。‎ ‎2．Where　考查连词。本句话其实改编自谚语“Where there’s a will, there’s a way (有志者事竟成)”。‎ ‎3．to learn　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，不定式和动名词都可以作表语，但是根据后面的“and master”可知，and连接并列的非谓语动词作表语，master前省略了to，故本空应用不定式。‎ ‎4．practising　考查非谓语动词。“我”看见一些老年人正在慢慢地练太极。本句含有“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾语“some older people”与practise之间是主动关系，且根据后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely.”可知，宾补动作正在发生，故用practise的现在分词形式。‎ ‎5．optional　考查形容词。“我”选择太极作为选修课。空处作定语，修饰名词course，故用形容词optional“可选择的，随意的”。‎ ‎6．is favored　考查时态和语态。t’ai chi ch’uan与favor“偏爱，喜爱”之间是被动关系，故此处用被动语态。虽然主句用了一般过去时，但是根据语境可知，宾语从句描述的是客观事实，故从句用一般现在时。下一句的时态也是暗示。‎ ‎7．to　考查介词。be related to ...“与……有关”，是固定搭配，故填介词to。‎ ‎8．rules　考查名词复数。老师教给我们的主要规则是态度、自律和平衡。空处要填名词，因为后面的谓语动词是were，所以主语要用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎9．seriously　考查副词。修饰动词用副词，take ...seriously“认真对待……”。‎ ‎10．it　考查代词。as sb. puts it是常用句型，意为“正如某人所说的一样”。‎ ‎【八】‎ More than 700 years ago, a 17yearold Italian youth followed his father and uncle on a journey to the East, dreaming about the mysteries of China. The three set 1 on a path that might have frightened even the most ambitious travellers. The young adventurer was Marco Polo.‎ Having a talent for languages, Marco Polo learned to speak Mongolian language and Chinese. Later under the orders of Kublai Khan, he 2 (travel) far and wide across China. Along the way, he stopped 3 (record) detailed notes about the local customs, geography and values of the people, so as to report back to the Khan.‎ Marco Polo returned to Venice 24 years later. With 4 (count) treasures brought back from the East, he became 5 wealthy man overnight. 6 he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen. Marco Polo’s journey to China and the contents of the 7 (vivid) written book, The Travels of Marco Polo, which 8 (think) to be a fairy tale in Europe at the time, triggered a wave of European interest in the Orient.‎ Marco Polo’s story is both one about an explorer’s search for riches and a Westerner 9 (follow) his dream to reach China. More than 700 years later, China, the once mysterious oriental nation, is igniting the Chinese dream of many modern Marco Polos, attracted by its rapid 10 (develop) and its growing importance in the world.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。马可·波罗在17岁时就随父亲和叔叔来到中国，并在《马可·波罗行纪》中讲述了中国那时的发展情况。七百多年后的今天，中国以其快速的发展和在世界上日益重要的地位吸引了更多人。‎ ‎1．off/out　考查动词短语。该句意为：这三个人踏上了一条可能连最雄心勃勃的旅行者都害怕的道路。set off/out为固定短语，意为“启程，出发”。‎ ‎2．travelled/traveled　考查动词的时态。根据第一段第一句中的时间状语“More than 700 years ago”可知，此处讲述的事情发生在七百多年前，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．to record　考查非谓语动词。一路上，他停下来详细记录当地的风俗、‎ 地理和人们的价值观，以便向可汗汇报。根据语境可知，空处表示停下来的目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎4．countless　考查形容词。根据语境可知，他从东方带回了无数的珍宝，一夜之间成了富翁。空处修饰名词treasures，故用形容词形式，再根据语境可知，应填countless，表示“数不尽的”。‎ ‎5．a　考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一位富翁”，且wealthy的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎6．What　考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作及物动词witnessed的宾语，故用What引导该主语从句。‎ ‎7．vividly　考查副词。空处修饰动词written，故用副词形式。‎ ‎8．was thought　考查动词的时态和语态。which指代The Travels of Marco Polo，为从句的主语，且该主语和动词think之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；再根据前文时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎9．following　考查非谓语动词。a Westerner和动词follow之间是主动关系，且该处作后置定语，故用动词ing形式。‎ ‎10．development　考查名词。空前由形容词rapid修饰，且空处与后面的importance并列，故用名词形式。‎ ‎【九】‎ The first UN Chinese Language Day at the United Nations 1 (observe) on Friday at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010. 2 the world’s most widely spoken language, it seems appropriate that Mandarin (普通话) has one day every year dedicated (把……专用于) to it. This 3 (official) marked day of Mandarin language celebration was set by the United Nations as a way of celebrating the language’s history and 4 (contribute) to the world. It is hoped that having one day every year 5 (celebrate) Mandarin will encourage more people around the world to take it up. With China likely to become the 6 (large) economy in the world, it is important that the wider world becomes interestingly more perfect in this wonderful language. Every year UN Chinese Language Day 7 ‎ ‎(fall) on April 20.A great way to get 8 (involve) in the celebration is to join a Mandarin class or attend one of the many Confucius Institutes (孔子学院) 9 are set up by China in countries around the world.The number of people learning Chinese is on 10 increase in China’s neighboring countries, such as Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了联合国确立的普通话日以及普通话在世界上的普及情况。‎ ‎1．was observed　考查动词的时态和语态。依据本句中的时间状语“in 2010”可知，此处应用一般过去时，又因observe“庆祝”与主语之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎2．As　考查介词。作为世界上使用最广泛的语言，每年有一天专用于(庆祝)普通话似乎是很恰当的。As在这里表示“作为”。‎ ‎3．officially　考查副词。联合国正式确定普通话的节日是为了庆祝该语言的历史和对世界的贡献。这里用副词officially修饰形容词marked。‎ ‎4．contributions　考查名词。本句中的and连接了celebrating的两个宾语，即history和contribution，又因contribution作“贡献”讲时为可数名词，其前无限定词，故用contributions。‎ ‎5．to celebrate　考查非谓语动词。人们希望通过每年有一天庆祝普通话的活动能鼓励世界上更多的人学习普通话。本句考查了have some time to do ...的句式，故填不定式to celebrate。‎ ‎6．largest　考查形容词最高级。结合语境及空前的the可知，这里用large的最高级。‎ ‎7．falls　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述一般情况，故用一般现在时。fall on意为“(节日等)适逢(某日)”，又因主语为第三人称单数，故填falls。‎ ‎8．involved　考查形容词。get involved in表示“参与，卷入”，其中get为连系动词，involved为形容词作get的表语，故填involved。‎ ‎9．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Confucius Institutes，并在从句中作主语，故填 that/which。‎ ‎10．the　考查冠词。on the increase“在增长中”，是固定搭配，故填定冠词the。‎ ‎【十】‎ The truth that trees are vital to our life is not a secret. Besides 1 (provide) us with food, wood and most importantly, oxygen, they have one more thing — blocking out harmful bacteria from water.‎ The discovery was made by a team 2 (consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students who were seeking a natural water filter — one that would help communities in 3 (develop) countries that do not have access to modern water filter systems.‎ The researchers, led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided 4 (turn) to trees for help because they could allow liquid 5 (flow) through, while blocking out air bubbles.‎ They began by 6 (cut) 1.5inchwide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people 7 (relate) then tested the wood’s filtering ability by pouring water 8 (contain) red dye particles of different sizes through. To their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the particles. 9 (encourage), the team conducted another experiment, this time with water which contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, 10 (allow) only 1% to flow through.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了树木对人类生活的重要性。一项研究发现，树木还可以杀灭有害细菌。‎ ‎1．providing　考查非谓语动词作宾语。besides为介词，介词后需用动词ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎2．consisting　考查动词ing形式作后置定语。consist of“由……组成”，无被动形式，所以用动词ing形式作定语。‎ ‎3．developing　考查固定搭配。developing countries“发展中国家”。‎ ‎4．to turn　考查非谓语动词作宾语。decide to do“决定做……”，动词decide后用不定式作宾语。‎ ‎5．to flow　考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。allow ...to do ...“允许……做……”。‎ ‎6．cutting　考查非谓语动词作宾语。by为介词，其后用动词ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎7．related　考查非谓语动词作后置定语。先行词为people，且relate与people之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎8．containing　考查非谓语动词作后置定语。此处指包含有大小不一的红色染色颗粒的水，water与动词contain之间为主谓关系。‎ ‎9．Encouraged　考查非谓语动词作状语。encourage与句子主语the team之间为动宾关系。‎ ‎10．allowing　考查非谓语动词作结果状语。句意：非常确信的是，边材(sapwood)阻止了99%的细菌，只有1%的细菌逃脱。the sapwood与allow之间为主谓关系。‎