2013高考文综复习资料地理高分密码

2013高考文综复习资料地理高分密码

‎2013高考文综冲刺复习 地理材料之——空间定位 高考试题中好多问题的解决首先涉及到空间定位，它是解开各类涉及地理区域试题的钥匙。怎样抓好这一高考成功必须要跨好的第一道门槛呢？‎ 一、依据经、纬度定位 掌握重要地理事物的经、纬度位置，是空间定位的最主要条件。同时利用经、纬线进行定位是近年来高考的重点。‎ ‎1、主要经线及穿过的地理事物 ‎ ‎0º经线：穿过欧洲和非洲西部。附近的地理事物有伦敦、英吉利海峡、巴黎(0º东侧)、伊比利亚半岛东侧、地中海、撒哈拉沙漠、西非、几内亚湾等。‎ ‎30ºE：穿过欧洲中部、非洲东部。主要的地理事物有斯堪的纳维亚半岛最北端、芬兰与俄罗斯的国界、摩尔曼斯克(30º东侧)、莫斯科(30º东侧)、东欧平原和波德平原交界处、黑海海峡东侧、小亚细亚半岛(西侧)、地中海、开罗、尼罗河、苏伊士运河、东非高原(西侧)、南非高原东海岸等。‎ ‎60ºE：穿过亚洲西部。主要的地理事物有乌拉尔山脉、咸海、伊朗高原（伊朗与阿富汗的国界）、阿拉伯半岛东侧、阿拉伯海等。‎ ‎90ºE：穿过亚洲中部。主要的地理事物有叶尼塞河(西西伯利亚平原与中西伯利亚高原界河)、阿尔泰山、准噶尔盆地、吐鲁番盆地、天山、塔里木盆地、青藏高原、昆仑山东侧(青海与新疆、西藏的界线)、不丹、恒河河口三角洲、孟加拉湾等。‎ ‎100ºE：祁连山脉、青海湖、横断山脉(大理)‎ ‎110ºE：包头、晋陕交界、华山、巫峡、桂林、雷州半岛、琼州海峡、海南岛中部 ‎120ºE：穿过亚洲东部和澳大利亚西侧。主要的地理事物有勒拿河(东侧)、漠河西侧、大兴安岭(东侧)、秦皇岛、渤海中部、青岛、太湖、上海(东侧)、杭州、福州、台湾西侧、菲律宾群岛西侧、马来群岛、澳大利亚西部。‎ ‎150ºE：穿过亚洲、澳大利亚东部。主要的地理事物有东西伯利亚山地、千岛群岛、日本群岛东侧、新几内亚岛东侧、大分水岭、澳大利亚东侧（堪培拉、悉尼）等。‎ ‎180º经线：与国际日期变更线基本吻合，穿过太平洋中部。主要的地理事物有白令海、阿留申群岛、图瓦卢、斐济、新西兰以东等。‎ ‎150ºW：穿过美国的阿拉斯加州中部、夏威夷群岛东部。 ‎ ‎120ºW：穿过北美洲西部。主要的地理事物有落基山、西海岸(洛杉矶) ‎ ‎90ºW：穿过北美洲中部。主要的地理事物有德逊湾、苏必利尔湖西侧、密西西比河河口、墨西哥湾中部、中美洲。‎ ‎60ºW：穿过北美洲东部、南美洲中部。主要有拉布拉多半岛东侧、纽芬兰岛(西部)、加勒比海(东部)、亚马孙平原、巴西高原、拉普拉塔平原、南极半岛。‎ ‎30ºW：穿过大西洋中部，格陵兰岛东部 ‎2、主要纬线及穿过的地理事物 ‎ ‎0º纬线(赤道)：穿过非洲中部、东南亚、南美洲北部。主要的地理事物有刚果盆地、东非高原(维多利亚湖)、马来群岛、亚马孙平原等。‎ 北回归线：穿过北非撒哈拉中部、红海、阿拉伯半岛中部、印度半岛北部、恒河河口、中南半岛、中国华南地区、云南广西广东南部(汕头)、台湾岛中部、夏威夷群岛、加利福尼亚半岛南端、墨西哥高原、墨西哥湾中部、古巴以北等。‎ ‎30ºN：苏伊士运河、波斯湾北部(阿拉伯河口)、青藏高原(拉萨以北)、四川盆地(成都)、‎ 长江中下游平原、杭州湾南端(宁波)、密西西比河河口 ‎40ºN：南欧三大半岛、塔里木河、敦煌、嘉峪关、大同、北京、秦皇岛、鸭绿江口 ‎(秦岭—淮河：34ºN；南岭：26ºN；阴山：41ºN)‎ 北极圈：穿过欧洲、俄罗斯和加拿大北部。‎ 南回归线：穿过非洲南部、澳大利亚中部、南美洲中部。主要的地理事物有南非高原、澳大利亚大沙漠、大自流盆地、大分水岭、安第斯山中部、拉普拉塔平原(北部)。‎ 南极圈：南极大陆外围。‎ 二、利用区域地理环境的典型特征定位 不同区域的地理特征各不相同，景观不同，反映其分布的位置不同，利用区域地理环境的典型特征也可以进行区域定位。例如海陆轮廓的形状、地形起伏特点、河流、湖泊、城市、人文建筑等。‎ ‎1、应该掌握的区域如13个大区、8个国家，都要从以下方面入手： ‎ ‎ 位置、范围：海陆位置、纬度位置及影响 ‎ 地形：从海拔、地势起伏、类型及分布、影响等方面分析 自然地理 气候：从类型及分布、特征及成因、影响等方面分析 ‎ 河流：从水文、水系、水能蕴藏、利用等方面分析 ‎ 资源：从类型及分布、利用等方面分析 ‎ 农业：区位条件及评价、类型、农产品及分布 ‎ 工业：区位条件及评价、分布、主要工业品 ‎ 经济 交通 人文地理 旅游 ‎ 居民：人种、人口及分布、民族和宗教、文化 ‎ 城市 ‎2、大洲、国家的经、纬度范围和位置特征 国家 纬度范围 经度范围 位置特征 中国 ‎4ºN（大陆南部 ‎21ºN）—54ºN ‎73ºE—135ºE 北回归线穿越南部，地处中、低纬度地带的东半球 日本 ‎(四大岛)‎ ‎31ºN—46ºN ‎130ºE—145.5ºE 地处太平洋西部，北半球中纬度地带的群岛国家 印度 ‎8ºN—33ºN ‎72ºE—97ºE 北回归线穿越中部，大范围地处低纬度地带的东半球 俄罗斯 ‎43ºN——78ºN ‎28ºE—170ºW 北极圈穿越北部，地跨东、西半球和欧亚两洲的欧洲国家，位于中、高纬度地带 美国 ‎(本土)‎ ‎25ºN 一49ºN ‎ ‎125ºW —73ºW ‎ 本土大范围位于中纬度的西半球、有海外州夏威夷州(北回归线穿越)和阿拉斯加州(北极圈穿越)‎ 巴西 ‎34ºS—5.5ºN ‎74ºW—42ºW 南回归线穿越南部，大范围属低纬度，热带雨林最广 澳大利亚 ‎41ºS—10.5ºS ‎113ºE—153.5ºE 南回归线穿越中部，位于中、低纬度的东半球，独占澳大利亚大陆 高考题1：（2001年全国文综9-12题）下图为世界地图上的一段纬线。P点以西为海洋，Q点以东为海洋，PQ为陆地。读下图判断：‎ ‎⑴ PQ线位于： A、北半球，东半球 B、南半球，西半球 ‎ C、北半球，西半球 D、南半球，东半球 ‎⑵ 下列四项，属于X地所在国的是： ‎ ‎ A、大堡礁 B、泰姬陵 C、好望角 D、格林尼治天文台 ‎⑶ 北京一年中雨量最多的季节，X地：‎ ‎ A、每月降水量在10MM以下 B、盛行东北季风 C、时逢干季 D、气旋活动频繁 ‎⑷ Y地所在国： ‎ A、处于太平洋火山、地震带 B、东岸附近海域有寒流通过 ‎ C、是世界主要的小麦生产和出口国之一 D、是世界主要的水稻生产国之一 高考题2：（2002年广东、广西题）读图完成以下三题： ‎ ‎ ⑴ 图示海域属于：‎ A、太平洋 B、大西洋 C、印度洋 D、北冰洋 ‎ ‎⑵ 洋流L属于： ‎ A、自西向东流的暖流 B、自东向西流的暖流 ‎ C、自西向东流的寒流 D、自东向西流的寒流 ‎⑶ 该洋流转向后，气候受其影响最大的城市是：‎ ‎ A、悉尼 B、圣保罗 C、利马 D、拉各斯 高考题3： （2003年全国）下图是在我国某区域沿不同纬度所做的地形剖面图组。读图回答下列问题：‎ ‎ (1) ①、③、④、⑤所代表的地形单元分别为：‎ A、太行山、山东丘陵、黄土高原、 华北平原 B、大兴安岭、长白山，内蒙古高原、东北平原 C、贺兰山、太行山、内蒙古高原，黄土高原 D、大兴安岭、东丘陵、内蒙古高原、黄土高原 ‎(2)①山脉南北绵延约：‎ A、200千米 B、700千米 C、400千米 D、1400千米 ‎(3)L段(①、②两山之间)的实际距离约为： ‎ 练习1：读右图，图中纬线横穿某国的北部和南部，经线纵贯该国的中部地区，‎ 且北部和东部临海，完成(1)—(4)题。 30º ‎ (1)该国家是 30º ‎(2)该国大部分地区的气候类型为 。 ‎ ‎ (3)该国发展经济的优越的自然条件有哪些? 23º26¹‎ ‎ (4)该国在世界闻名的文化景观是 。 ‎ 练习2：依据轮廓判断以下地理事物： ⑴ 注意每个图的经纬度位置、海陆位置、所属或临近的国家； ⑵注意沿岸气候； ⑶注意其位置的重要性； ⑷注意附近的洋流。‎ 练习3：下面的经纬网图，图中斜线部分表示某国的农作 物分布区，该农业带为：‎ A、玉米带 B、冬小麦带 C、棉花带 D、春小麦带 练习4：读“某区域对流层大气运动模式图”回答：关于 a、c两点近地面的说法，正确的是：‎ ‎ A、c点近地面可能接近刚果河河口 ‎ B、a点近地面可能接近亚马孙河河口 ‎ C、c点近地面肯定是海洋 ‎ D、a点近地面肯定是陆地 ‎ 练习5：读沿30°N做的近地面气压变化图，说法正确的是：（若是高空图哪？） ‎ ‎ A、长江口海区同值等盐度线离陆地为一年中最远的季节 ‎ B、青海湖1m等深线为一年中最短的季节 ‎ ‎ C、驯鹿从苔原带向亚寒带针叶林带迁移 ‎ ‎ D、黄河有凌汛的季节 练习6： 读我国沿29ºN年太阳总辐射量图。‎ ‎(1) C地为 （地形区），它比 B地年太阳总辐射量高的原因是 。‎ ‎(2) D地为 (地形区)，它比同纬度 各地年太阳辐射总量都低的原因是 。‎ ‎(3) D、F均为我国重要的农业生 产基地，其农业地域类型属于 。两地经济作物最主要的不同是 。‎ ‎(4) F地区农业生产最严重的自然灾害是 ，相应的防御措施 。‎ 练习7：下面是一组海域示意图，据图完成：‎ ‎⑴四海域周围陆地主要自然带依次是：‎ A．①温带荒漠带 ②热带草原带 ‎③温带落叶阔叶林带 ‎ ‎④亚热带常绿阔叶林带 B．①亚热带常绿硬叶林带 ②温带草原带 ‎ ③亚寒带针叶林带 ④温带落叶阔叶林带 C．①热带荒漠带 ②热带荒漠带 ‎ ‎③温带落叶阔叶林带和亚寒带针叶林带 ④温带落叶阔叶林带 D．①温带草原带 ②温带荒漠带 ③亚寒带针叶林带 ④温带森林带 ‎⑵ 下列叙述正确的是：‎ A、②海域位于非洲板块和印度洋板块的生长边界上，海域面积将不断扩大 B、①海域位于印度洋板块和太平洋板块的消亡边界上，海域面积将不断缩小 C、③海域位于亚欧板块与美洲板块的生长边界上 D、④海域位于亚欧板块与太平洋板块的生长边界附 高考冲刺复习：‎ 地理材料之——时间问题 演练1、如图阴影部分为夜半球：若告之极点 ‎（或画出地球自转方向）‎ ‎（或表明两数值是东西经）‎ 判断：A和B、 B和C的相对方向？并计算北京时间 演练2、右图中，横坐标为地球自转线速度，纵坐标为 不同纬度四点某日的正午太阳高度。图中四个地点 按白昼时间由长到短的排列顺序是 ‎ A．b-c-d-a B．a-d-c-b ‎ C．a-b-d-c D．c-d-b-a 演练3、右图是地球表面自转线速度等值线分布图。‎ ‎⑴、图示区域大部分位于：‎ ‎ A、北半球中纬度 B、北半球低纬度 C、南半球中纬度 D、南半球低纬度 ‎ ⑵、图中ab两点纬度相同，但地球自转线速度明 显不同，原因是：‎ A、a点地势高，自转线速度大 B、b点地势低，自转线速度大 C、a点地势低，自转线速度大 D、b点地势高，自转线速度大 ‎⑶、调查资料显示，C点降水量远比d点多，原因可能是：‎ ‎ A、C点位于夏季风的迎风坡 B、C点位于中纬西风的迎风坡 C、C点位于信风的迎风坡 D、C点气温高，多对流雨 演练4、读以北极为中心的地球部分示意图，(AB为晨昏线)完成：‎ ‎⑴ 图中甲为某气压带，图示季节，以下地理现象可能 出现的是：A、印度半岛吹东北风 ‎ B、开普敦处于炎热干燥的季节 ‎ C、阿根廷正收获小麦 ‎ D、亚欧大陆等温线向高纬凸出 ‎ ⑵、此时太阳直射点的地理坐标及北京时间分别是 ‎ A．135ºW、20ºN、5时 B．135ºE、20ºN、5时 ‎ C．45ºE、23º26¹N、17时 D．45ºW、23º26¹N、17时 演练5、由太阳能热水器的安装示意图，回答：‎ ‎12月22日正午，位于30ºN的某地，为使热水器 受热最多，理论上其热水器的集热板与地面的夹 角β应为( )：‎ A、23º26¹ B、36º34¹‎ C、53º26¹ D、66º34¹‎ 演练6、读圣彼得堡6月22日大阳高度随时间变化曲线图，回答：‎ ‎⑴、根据图推断，圣彼得堡的地理坐标为 ‎ A．53º26¹N，30ºE B．53º26¹N，45ºE ‎ C．60ºN，30ºE D．60ºN，45ºE ‎⑵、由图判断，中国南极长城站 ‎（62º12¹59″S，58º57¹53″W）在北京时间 ‎6月22日的夜长时间大约为：‎ ‎ A、约22—23小时 B、约18—20小时 C、约24小时 D、约1—2小时 演练7、下图中的AB线表示晨昏圈的一部分，此时地球公转速度较快，回答：‎ ‎ ⑴ 此时太阳直射点的地理坐标是 ，全球正午太阳高度的分布规律是 。‎ ‎⑵ 地球上出现极昼的地区是 。‎ ‎⑶ 此时北京时间是 。‎ ‎⑷ 图示这一天，澳大利亚悉尼日出、日落的方向分别是( )‎ ‎ A、东北升，西北落 B、东南升，西南落 ‎ C、正东升，正西落 D、东北升，西南落 ‎⑸ 在此季节内，下列现象可能的是( )‎ ‎ A、非洲热带草原上的动物大规模向北迁移 ‎ B、长江流域开始进人梅雨季节 C、三峡水库在“蓄清排浑”的运作方式中正处于排浑时期 D、我国北方经常遭受寒潮的侵袭 演练8、假如下图表示纬线圈，A、B、C、D四点将纬线圈平分为四段弧，其中弧AB为夜弧，其余为昼弧。回答：‎ ‎⑴ 下列有关地球上的方向和太阳直射点的说法正确的是：‎ ‎ A、A在B的正东方，太阳直射点在南半球 ‎ ‎ B、A在B的正东方，太阳直射点在北半球 ‎ C、A在B的正西方，太阳直射点在南半球 ‎ D、A在B的正西方，太阳直射点在北半球 ‎⑵ 图中c处日出时间为：‎ ‎ A、2时 B、3时 C、6时 D、9时 演练9、如图，ABC为晨昏线，B为切点，伦敦为星期六，北京为星期日，回答：‎ ‎⑴、此图北京时间为： ‎ ‎ A、7时 B、5时 C、17时 D、19时 ‎⑵、大阳直射点的坐标是：‎ A、135ºE，23º26′N B、45ºE，23º26′S ‎ C、135ºW，23º26′S D、45ºW，23º26′N 演练10、美国东部时间(75ºW)7月4 日 0时52分，对坦普尔1号彗星成功地进行了“深度撞击”。结合右图完成： ‎ ‎⑴、撞击时北京时间为：‎ ‎ A．7月3日13时52分 ‎ B．7月4日10时52分 ‎ C．7月4日13时52分 ‎ D．7月4日13时44分 ‎⑵、撞击舱主要是撞击：‎ ‎ A．彗星的外核 B．彗尾 ‎ C．彗星的内核 D．彗发 ‎⑶、撞击时：‎ ‎ A．地球公转到近日点附近 B．泰晤士河畔夕阳西下 ‎ C．墨累—达令盆地的农民正忙着收割小麦 D．北京气温接近当日最高值 ‎ ‎ 演练11、右图中虚线是地球公转到近日点附近的晨昏线，箭头表示地球自转方向，①点以西是东半球，以东是西半球，①点与②、③两点间的最短距离是3330km．据此回答⑴—⑷题： ‎ ‎⑴、图中③点的经度是：‎ A、10°E B、50°W C、170°W D、130°E ‎⑵、 此时北京时间是：‎ A、15点20分 B、8点40分 C、20点40分 D、3点20分 ‎⑶、 图中⑤点的昼长约是： ‎ A、8小时 B、10小时 C、14小时 D、16小时 ‎⑷、 此时下列说法不正确的是：‎ A、塔里木河处于枯水期 B、北印度洋自西向东行驶的船只逆风逆水 C、澳大利亚墨累—达令盆地正值小麦播种季节 D、巴西高原正值多雨季节 涉及季节的应特加注意的知识汇总 一年可以划分为春、夏、秋、冬四个季节。夏季是一年中白昼最长，太阳高度最高，气温最高的季节；冬季是一年中白昼最短，太阳高度最低，气温最低的季节；春秋是冬夏二季之间的过度季节。‎ 但是，并非所有的地区都有这种现象。一般而言，在中纬度温带地区四季分明，愈往极地（长冬无夏）、赤道（长夏无冬）四季愈不分明。此外，南北两半球的季节变化正好相反：北半球是夏季时，南半球是冬季；南半球是夏季时，北半球是冬季。‎ 由于季节变化不仅取决于地球在一年中所处的绕日公转轨道位置的不同，而且还受纬度，海拔高度，地形等诸因素综合影响。因此，用不同的标准划分季节，有不同的结果。 ‎ ‎（1）天文科学上，我国是将“四立”作为四季的开始，欧美国家是将“二分二至”作为四季的开始。全年可划分大致相待的四个季节，每季三个月。这样划分的结果是全国各地四季的日期是固定的，统一的。 ‎ ‎（2）气象科学上，采用统一的日期划分四季，每季三个月。3-5月为春季，6-8月为夏季，9-11月为秋季，12-次年2月为冬季。这种划分主要是考虑气候递变特点，便于分析比较。 ‎ ‎（3）实际上，由于各地区的寒热状况不同，有以气温为标准划分季节的：平均气温大于22º为夏，小于10º为冬，在10º-22º之间为春秋。这样划分的结果是在同一地点，四季长短不齐；在不同地点，同一季节的起讫是不同的，而且并非都是有四季。 ‎ 除了上述四季的划分外，在低纬度热带地区，有按干、湿季划分的。这是因为在这些地区的一年中太阳高度及昼夜长短的差异不大，气温变化不大，而雨水的多少对这些地区的影响很大之故。在高纬度寒带地区，由于一年内昼夜长短的变化很大，还有根据昼夜长短来划分季节的。‎ ‎1、四季知识的考查，在各种资料和高考试题中是经常看到的．高考地理备考时应注意以下方面。‎ 天文方面：从天文现象或从光照图上判读。‎ 太阳直射点的移动 太阳高度的变化 昼夜长短的变化 天文四季的划分 地球在公转轨道上的位置 北斗七星斗柄的指向 极昼、极夜、极光的出现等 气候方面：气团活动 锋面活动 特殊天气的产生 气温中心的变化 气压中心的盛衰 季风（东亚、东南亚、南亚、澳大利亚北部等）方向的变化 干湿季节 等温线的弯曲 气压带的断裂等。‎ 河海方面：河流汛期 河流补给 河流封冻、解冻的时期及冰期、凌汛的出现 季风洋流等。‎ 生物方面：草木枯荣，开花结实，动物迁徙、繁殖等 农业方面：作物生长、黄熟、收摘 植树 渔汛 山地牧场的放牧 黄淮海平原的水盐运动特征 澳大利亚墨累—达令盆地的农事活动等。‎ 其他方面：雪线升降 登山佳期 极地考察 海岸晒盐 ‎2、学习好季节知识的关键是：北半球与南半球季节相反（同一时间）。‎ ‎3、不同季节的地理事物或现象（所示季节为北半球的季节）‎ 春季的地理事物或现象：‎ 东北地区河流的春汛（季节性积雪融水）； 黄河在一年中第一次出现凌讯；‎ 江南姑娘采茶正忙（雨前茶最好）； 华北于原出现干旱，长城以北种春小麦；‎ ‎ 黄昏时，北斗七星斗柄的指东； 我国北方出现大风或沙暴天气 长芦盐场忙于晒盐 夏季的地理事物或现象：‎ 青尼罗河处丰水期（丰枯看其补给类型和所处地区） 塔里木河水位最高的时期 北印度洋的洋流顺时针流动 我国低温中心在青藏高原 驯鹿自针叶林带迁向苔原带 天山牧民在森林带以上的草场放牧 北极考察最佳时期 地中海沿岸国家炎热干燥 索马里沿岸出现寒流（轮廓和风向） 长江中下游一带出现伏旱天气 亚洲低压势力强盛 南部沿海地区物体影子有时朝南 喜马拉雅山的雪线升高 地球公转速度最小时期（七月初）‎ 我国南方赛龙舟 我国东部沿海地区有台风、暴雨袭击 潘帕斯草原一片枯黄（南半球热带草原） 东亚季风区盛行东南风 北半球热带草原区和季风区正值雨季 北极圈附近国家有“白夜”现象 南亚、东南亚、我国西南地区和南部沿海地区吹西南风 秋季的地理事物或现象：‎ ‎ 太阳直射点向南移动，地球公转速度居中 华北平原棉花收摘 ‎ 一场秋雨一场寒 我国秋高气爽，北雁南飞 香山红叶，北半球温带森林开始落叶 冬季的地理事物或现象：‎ ‎ 地球位于近日点附近（一月初） 北半球大陆高压强盛，大洋低压强盛 ‎ 南极考察最佳时期 北半球昼短夜长 ‎ 途径北印度洋西行的船只顺风顺水 澳大利亚袋鼠繁殖旺盛 ‎ 我国常遭寒潮影响 好望角一带炎热干燥 ‎ 北半球大陆等温线向南凸出 我国秦淮以北河流有结冰现象（冰期、冰层）‎ ‎ 舟山渔场出现带鱼汛 高考冲刺复习：‎ 地理材料之——原理和规律应用 ‎１、自然地理规律和原理 ‎ ‎ ‎２、人文地理网络：‎ ‎３、具体工业布局的一般原则 内容 类型 布局原则 相关产业综合 利用与环境保护 自然条件 经济因素 劳力技术 环境因素 钢铁及低品位铁矿石冶炼 耗料多，制成品重量大减近便的水源、铁矿石 能耗多，接近原料、能源供应地 企业规模较大，劳力多 多粉尘、烟尘等有害气体和矿渣 采矿、机械、电力、化工、建材业的原料 采掘（煤炭、金属等矿产）‎ 丰富的原料 近原料地 劳动强度大，技术要求高，劳动技术密集型 多粉尘、矿渣、废水 做好开挖安全工作，回收利用 制糖业 耗料多，制成品重量大减 近原料地（甜菜或甘蔗）, 运输方便 需要劳力较多 机械设备，食品加工／沼气制造原料 水产品及水果加工 容易腐烂，需久储 近原料地 废水及一定废气污染 化工、食品、包装／沼气制造原料 有色金属冶炼 近水源，能耗多、成本高 近能源地（水电）‎ 有废水和粉尘等有害气体 矿山机械、冶炼设备／达标排放和用作化工原料 化工业 能耗多、成本高 近能源地 技术密集型 多有害气和废水 采矿、管材／达标封，回收再利用 纺织业（纺纱）‎ 耗料多，制成品重量轻 近原料地（棉花、畜毛、麻等）地 劳动密集型 多粉尘，噪音严重 纺机设备／增加吸尘降噪设备，防火 纺织业（织布）‎ 制成品重量变化不大 运费比重大，近消费地 普通服装 近劳动力，成本较低 需劳动力多，劳力成本比重大 纺机／市场信息（区域、季节等）‎ 高档时装 满足高薪层，布局大城市 需要高工技术和高档面料 市场信息（区域、季节等）‎ 饮料业 地域和季节性消费突出，近优质水源 近消费地 劳动密集型 有少量废水 原汁、化工、包装、印刷／市场信息 酿酒业 耗粮多，近优质水源和原料地 近原料地（高档），近消费市场（普通）‎ 传统工艺要求高．‎ 劳动密集型 对空气有轻度污染 玻璃、陶瓷、包装、印刷／饲料、沼气原料 家具制造 消耗原木或胶木 运输不便，多接近消费市场 要一定工艺技术 有轻度噪声和空气污染（油漆）‎ 机械、化工／增加排气、降噪设备 印刷业 运输不便，多接近消费地 劳动密集 有轻度噪声和空气污染（油墨）‎ 造纸、机械、化工／增加排气、降噪设备 电器装配业 近市场和劳力成本低区 劳动密集，流水线作业 需要一定的洁净环境 机械、包装 电子元件制造 空气洁净 水源优质 近机场和高速公路 技术密集 需洁净环境 化工、激光机械／市场信息 感光器材 优质水源 技术密集 洁净环境 化工 炼油 技术密集 制成品重量变化不大，近消费市场 严重污染大气及水源 石油开采、管材、机彻／达标排放和用作化工原料 飞机制造 技术密集 轻度噪声 铝材、机械、仪表 精密仪表 技术密集 污染水源（含汞）, ‎ 需防震动 激光机械、化工／远离居民区和其它工厂、交通线 水泥制造 需原料多（石料和粘土）‎ 近原料地 一定技术要求 粉尘污染空气 机械／达标排放 印染，电镀 近水源 近消费地 污染水源 化工、机械／达标排放 造纸，制革 近水源 近原料地 污染水源 化工／达标排放 船舶制造 近河、海港 近消费市场 技术密集 机械、钢材、仪表 火电厂 近水源 近煤产地，交通便利 排放粉尘气体，废渣占地 电机／达标排放和用作化工原料 演练１　．读北半球某时刻海洋、陆地海平面气压分布示意图，分析图中信息回答问题。‎ ‎（1）此时北半球最可能处于一年中的 ‎ A．6月 B．10月 ‎ ‎ C．1月 D．5月 ‎（2）A、B二地的气压名称分别是 A．夏威夷高压、亚洲低压 B．亚洲高压、阿留申低压 C．亚速尔高压、冰岛低压 ‎ D．蒙古—西伯利亚高压、亚洲低压 ‎（3）如果图中陆地地表缺乏森林草原，‎ C地将出现的灾害性天气是 A．热雷暴天气 B．伏旱天气 ‎ C．寒潮天气 D．台风天气 演练２　．若北半球大气环流出现如右图所示时，‎ ‎ 则图中的低压槽的槽线应位于(图中箭头所 ‎ 指方向为气流流向，空气流动不受地面摩 ‎ 擦力影响) ：‎ ‎ A、a处 B、b处 C、c处 D、d处 演练3．下图中A图是我国东部某地的气候资料，根据所给资料完成下列问题：‎ ‎（1）在B图中绘制气温曲线和降水柱状图；‎ ‎（2）该地冬季最冷月气温在 ℃以下，属 带（温度带）；‎ ‎（3）该地全年降水在 mm以上，属于 地区（干湿地区）；‎ ‎（4）该地的气候类型是 ，这种气候类型的特点是 ；‎ ‎（5）下列哪些区域与图中所示特点相符（ ）‎ A 东北地区 B 青藏高原地区 C西北地区 D西南地区 演练4．读图( abc代表单元格），回答： ‎ ‎⑴、有关 a 气候的叙述，正确的是：‎ A、我国特有 B、雨热同期 ‎ C、盛夏伏旱 D、冬雨夏干 ‎ ‎⑵、b地肯定位于：‎ A、北半球大陆东岸 B、北半球大陆西岸 ‎ C、南半球大陆东岸 　　D、南半球大陆西岸． ‎ ‎⑶、abc三种气候类型分布的纬度从低到高 依次为：‎ A、a—b—c B、b—c—a C、c—a—b D、c—b—a ‎ 演练5、读图，回答下列问题：‎ 地点 一月均温 七月均温 年降水量 Ａ城 ‎７.９℃‎ ‎２８.９℃‎ ‎１０８２ｍｍ Ｂ城 ‎４.７℃‎ ‎２９.３℃‎ ‎１３９６ｍｍ Ｄ城 ‎４.９℃‎ ‎２４℃‎ ‎１１７５ｍｍ ‎⑴　A、B两城纬度相差不大，但气候却有 一定的差异，分析两地气候的差异及原因。‎ ‎⑵　D城比A城纬度要低，但冬夏气温都要 比A城低的主要原因是什么?‎ 演练6、根据土壤中粘土、粉砂、砂的比例可将土壤分为子～亥十二种类型。据此回答：某块田的土壤，粘土、粉砂、砂的比例 分别为：18％、22％、60％，该土壤应该属于 哪一种类型： ‎ ‎ A．子 B．申 ‎ C．辰 D．戌 演练7、读图完成：‎ ‎⑴图甲中A城市形成的主要区位因素是：‎ A、矿产 B、旅游 C、宗教 D、政治 ‎⑵ 在降水量与蒸发量图中正确表示图乙中B地区的是：‎ A、⑴ B、⑵ C、⑶ D、⑷‎ ‎⑶ 图乙地区是我国重要的农作物生产基地，其主要的农作物有：‎ A、花生、甘蔗 B、油菜、柑橘 C、棉花、甘蔗 D、水稻、油菜 演练8、下图是某地6月22日太阳高度变化曲线、气温曲线和降水柱状图。‎ ‎⑴、该地日最高气温出现的时间较其他地区有所提前，其原因是：‎ A．当地太阳高度最大值提前 B．当地午后多阴雨天气 ‎ C．当地日出时间较早 D．当地热容量较其他地区小 ‎ ‎⑵、该地的降水类型主要是：‎ A．台风雨 B．锋面雨 C．对流雨 D．地形雨 演练9、右图为某一河流及其河床AB处剖面图。某考察队成员9月23日北京时间18点时，在B 处观测到的正午太阳高度角为60°，且太阳光线与河岸接近垂直。回答：‎ ‎⑴．该地的地理位置可能是：‎ A．60°S，30°E B．60°N，60°E ‎ C．30°S，30°E D．30°N ，30°E ‎⑵．该河流的正确叙述是：‎ A．该河段有凌汛现象 ‎ B．B岸居民夜晚能看到北极星 C．该河段流经亚寒带针叶林带 ‎ D．该河段水流自东向西流 演练10、图中资源最先被开发的地区是：‎ A、甲地 B、乙地 C、丙地 D、丁地 ‎ ‎ 演练11、根据气候的相关知识，完成下表：‎ 风频玫瑰图：‎ 备选的城市： E、北京 F、中山站 G、伦敦 H、加尔各答 风频玫瑰图 最大风频的风向 城市（气候类型）‎ 最大风频影响下的气候特征 A B C D 演练12、读下图，回答下列问题：‎ ‎⑴．A 地形区的名称是＿，该地形区陆 地环境呈现＿地狱分异。 ‎ ‎⑵．试分析图中的水电站所在地水能丰富 的原因。‎ ‎⑶．Ｃ国主要出口的农畜产品是＿、＿。‎ ‎⑷．说出D国首都由沿海迁往内陆的原因。‎ ‎⑸．图中的B点，与以地心为对称的地球 上的另一点 M 点，其地理特征的正确叙述是：‎ ‎ 　Ａ．M点一定位于大西洋内 B．M点附近的主要经济作物是甜莱 C．M 点附近的主要粮食作物是水稻 D．M 点有极昼极夜现象 ‎ 高考冲刺复习：‎ 地理材料之——等值线演练 演练1、下图是南亚某沿海地区示意图，甲城历史悠久，现为特大城市，乙、丙是甲的卫星城。分析回答下列各题．‎ ‎⑴甲城早期发展的有利条件有　　．‎ 工业或 农业部门 区位不合理的理由 ‎⑵综合考虑，图中工农业布局有两处明显不合理。请把它们找出来，并完成下表：‎ ‎⑶.‎ C以下河段为老港区，制约其进一步发展的原因可能是　　；乙为新建成的以装卸、仓储、造船为主的港口城市，其发展的主要自然优势是　　．‎ ‎⑷.ｑ和ｐ是连接甲、丙两城区的公路选线方案。你认为哪条较合理？为什么？‎ ‎⑸.简述乙、丙两卫星城建设对甲城合理化发展的意义。‎ 演练2、下图为陆地上某处地形等高线示意图，图中等高距为1000米。读后回答下列问题：‎ ‎⑴．图中山峰最高处海拔为　米（最新测量数据），则该山峰名称为　；其成因是　　‎ ‎⑵．图中河流源头主要的补给水源是　　。‎ ‎⑶．图中该山　坡雪线较低，其原因是　　‎ ‎⑷．图中A、B两处相对高度不超过　米，‎ 调查发现图中A处山坡比B处山坡自然带丰富，‎ 其原因是　　‎ ‎⑸．当图中盛行风强大时，下列选项正确的是：‎ A．长江流域防洪力量严阵以待　　　Ｂ．黑龙江扎龙自然保护区大雁南飞 ‎ C．华北平原农民小麦收割正忙 D．太湖平原油菜花开遍野 ‎ 演练3、读某大洋表面水温图，其中P点经度为120º且P点以西为陆地。据此回答：‎ ‎⑴ 关于此图的说法正确的是：‎ ‎ A、大洋西侧A处等温线向北凸出是受寒流影响 ‎ B、大洋东侧C 处等温线向南凸出是受暖流影响 ‎ C、从整体上看，B处等温线向北凸出，这可能 是势力强大的洋流经过而造成的 ‎ D、大洋中部等温线向北凸出是海陆热力性质的差异造成的 ‎⑵ 关于图示时间的叙述正确的是：‎ ‎ A、此时好望角的天气特征是温和多雨 ‎ B、由波斯湾驶向日本的油轮在北印度洋海区是顺风顺水 C、此时地球公转速度较慢　　　　　　D、密西西比河正值枯水期 ‎⑶ A处北部有一世界著名渔场，它是：‎ ‎ A、纽芬兰渔场 B、北海渔场 C、北海道渔场 D、秘鲁渔场 演练4、读某地区七月份等温线分布图，回答：‎ ‎⑴.对图示地区的叙述，不正确的是 A．我国夏季最高气温出现在A地区 B．棉花生产是B地形区农业发展的优势 C．C地形区北坡降水比南坡多 D．D地形区水土流失严重 ‎⑵．近年来，图示地区粮食播种面积逐渐减少，葡萄和啤酒花的种植面积逐渐扩大，与其经济和生态合理性无关的因素是 A．充分利用当地光照强、温差大气候优势 B．增加地面植物覆盖，减轻风沙危害 C．减少粮食生产中过多对水源条件依赖 D．当地居民有喜好吃葡萄喝啤酒生活习惯 演练5、‎ 下图为北半球900百帕等压面图，图中等值线为等高线，下列甲、乙所对应的近地面天气状况的分析，正确的：‎ A．甲、乙两地近地面均为阴雨天气 ‎ B．甲、乙两地近地面均为晴天 ‎ C．甲近地面为阴雨天，乙近地面为晴 D．甲近地面为晴天，乙近地面为阴雨天 演练6 ‎ 读某区城图。图中曲线为年等降水量线，AB为昏线。完成：‎ ‎⑴、图示时刻国际标准时间为：‎ A. 18 : 20 B. 11 : 20 ‎ C. 6 : 20 D. 23 : 20‎ ‎⑵、图中甲海域年降水量较少的主要原因是：‎ A．厄尔尼诺现象的发生 B．安第斯山脉的影响 C．秘鲁寒流的影响 D．受副热带高气压带控制 ‎⑶、当β角为一年中最大时：‎ A．我国北方沙尘暴频发 B．黄河站考察最佳季节 C．地球公转速度较快 D．非洲热带草原动物向南迁移 ‎　　‎ 参考答案 空间定位：高考题1、 DADC 高考题2、ABA 高考题3、BB 300km 练习1、⑴埃及 ⑵热带沙漠气候 ⑶光照充足，石油资源丰富，地处交通要道⑷金字塔 ‎2、略 3、C 4、B 5、A 8、C A ‎7、⑴横断山区 大气削弱少（地势高，空气稀薄；降水少，晴天多）‎ ‎⑵四川盆地 阴雨天多，且多雾，大气对太阳辐射的削弱强 ‎ ‎⑶水稻种植业 F地棉花 D地甘蔗 ‎ ‎⑷水旱灾害 水利工程，上游植树造林，中游退耕还湖 时间问题：1、若为北半球：A在B的东北，B在C 的东南 8：00 2、B ‎3、AAB 4、DA 5、C 6、CA 8、BB 9、BC 10、CC 11、CDDC ‎7、⑴110°W 20°S 自20°S 向两侧递减 ⑵70°S及其以南 ⑶3：20 ⑷B ⑸D 原理和规律应用 ‎1.【解析】⑴根据图中经纬度确定，A处为亚欧大陆上，形成强高压中心，即可判断为北半球冬季，即1月。⑵冬季亚欧大陆上形成亚洲高压，北太平洋上形成阿留申低压。⑶C地盛行偏北风，冷空气南下，形成的灾害性天气是寒潮。【答案】⑴C ⑵B ⑶C ‎2.D 4. ⑴B ⑵C ⑶D ‎3.【解析】第⑴题准确读出四个月份气温和降水量是正确绘图的关键。第⑵题中全年最低气温在1月份，处于0℃以下，结合降水季节分配可推断此地大致位于我国秦岭—淮河以北地区，属于暖温带；第⑶题据7月份降水量最多是200mm，可推算与7月相邻的几个月降水量约100mm左右，全年降水量应在800mm以上，属湿润地区。第⑷题结合秦岭—淮河以北地区，属温带季风气候；第⑸题可根据题干中我国东部地区选择。【答案】⑴略； ⑵0℃ 暖温带； ⑶800 湿润；⑷温带季风气候 夏季高温多雨、冬季寒冷干燥； ⑸A；‎ ‎【命题意图】本题看似较为简单，旨在考查气候分布中的特例，这在高考试题中经常出现，因此在全面复习气候分布基础上，一定要关注其中的分布特例。题中秦岭—淮河以北属温带季风气候，一般年降水量小于800mm，但我国东北长白山的东侧即是特例。‎ ‎5.【解析】根据图中经纬度和省区轮廓界线、山脉走向，先确定A为重庆，B为湖南省，D为贵州省，分析两地气候差异主要结合表格数据，从气温和降水展开。分析其原因时，主要从影响气温和降水的因素考虑。‎ ‎【答案】⑴① A地处四川盆地，B地位于长江中下游平原(洞庭湖平原)，冬季A地北有秦岭对冬季风阻挡，使气温比同纬度地区高，②夏季时A地在夏季风的背风坡，B地在迎风坡，所以A地年降水量少于B地。⑵D地在云贵高原上，海拔高，A地在四川盆地。 ‎ ‎6、Ｂ　　　7、⑴Ｃ　⑵Ｄ　⑶Ｄ 8、⑴Ｂ　⑵Ｃ　　9、 ⑴Ｃ　⑵Ｄ 10、Ｄ ‎ ‎11、 A——西南风一伦敦（温带海洋性气候）—— 温和多雨，气温的日较差小； ‎ B——西南风——加尔各答（热带季风气候）——高温多雨；‎ C——西北风——北京（温带季风气候）——寒冷干燥；； ‎ D——东南风—— 中山站（冰原气候）——严寒干燥 ‎12.⑴安第斯山 垂直 ⑵地处巴西高原边缘，落差大，水流急；亚热带湿润气候，降水丰富，河流水量大 ⑶小麦、牛肉 ⑷促进该国内陆地区经济文化的发展；便于对内地的管理；分散城市职能；高原上气候凉爽，适宜人口居住 ⑸C ‎ ‎20、⑴Ｂ ⑵Ａ ⑶Ｃ ⑷A 21、⑴Ａ ⑵Ａ ⑶Ｄ 等值线演练 ‎1.⑴　地处低纬沿海平原地区，地形平坦，气候暖湿，利于农农耕，适于人类生存；位于河流交汇处，供水和运输功能强大 ‎ ‎⑵化工厂：距甲城太近，易污染甲城空气（如通过热岛环流） 乳牛场：距机场太近，噪声大，影响奶牛产奶 ‎ ‎⑶泥沙淤积，航道变浅 避风浪且水深的优良港湾 ‎ ‎⑷q合理 q线沿等高线延伸，路面平坦，利于汽车安全行驶；而 p 线穿越多条等高线、沿线坡陡 ‎ ‎⑸ 分散甲城职能，有效控制大城市规模；缓解甲城人口、工业过度拥挤带来的压力；有利于保护和改善甲城环境，促进城市合理化发展。‎ ‎2. ⑴8844.43米　珠穆朗玛峰　亚欧板块和印度板块挤压，地壳抬升隆起而成 ‎⑵冰川融水 ⑶南海拔高，气温低；迎风坡，降水多 ⑷3000米 A坡海拔高差大，垂直地带性明显，且为迎风坡，降水和气温的垂直变化明显，形成丰富的自然带； B坡为青藏高原，海拔高．气温低，自然带少⑸（ 5 ）A ‎3、D D C 4、D D 5、D 6、D C B ‎ 沈阳吴军高分英语家教 地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层 ‎ 网址: www.sypeterwu.com 电话： ‎ ‎2012高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测 必考点知识清单 主讲人：吴军 第一部分：单项选择 定语从句出题思路预测 先行词 n./pron ---被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词 物：which/that//whose 人：who/whom/that/whose 当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（…的）‎ ‎〖2012定从预测1〗My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. ‎ A. which B. that C. where D. it ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测2〗The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect. A.it B.what C.which D.that ‎〖2012定从预测3〗I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ____I met in the English speech contest last year. ‎ ‎ A. who B. where C. when D. which ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测4〗The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. ‎ A. whom B. which C. them D. those ‎〖2012定从预测5〗A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.‎ A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever ‎〖2012定从预测6〗In china, the number of cities is increasing ______development is recognized across the world. ‎ A. where B. which C. whose D. that ‎〖2012定从预测7〗Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.‎ A.that B.whose C.those D.what as与which均可替代整个主句 在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。 介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!‎ They failed in the exam，as/which is natural.‎ As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.‎ ‎ He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy.‎ ‎ A. as B. which C. that D. it ‎〖2012定从预测8〗_____is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.   A. It   B. As   C. That   D. What      ‎ 比较：___is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.‎ ‎〖2012定从预测9〗Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office. A.which B.that C.this D.it ‎〖2012定从预测10〗____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.‎ A. It B. As C. That D. What ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测11〗Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.   A. who   B. that    C. what    D. which   ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测12〗____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next ‎ month.   A. That   B. As   C. It   D. What ‎ ‎ ‎ 地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that ‎〖2012定从预测13〗The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.‎ A.which B.what C.that D.where ‎〖2012定从预测14〗I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.   A. why    B. which   C. as   D. where ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测15〗Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.‎ A.who B.which C.why D.when ‎〖2012定从预测16〗We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.   A. which   B. that   C. whose   D. when ‎ ‎〖2012定从预测17〗The film brought the hours back to me_______I was taken good care of in that far-away village. ‎ A. until          B. that          C. when          D. where 怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?‎ ‎（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配 Gun control is a subject _____ Americans have argued for a long time. ‎ ‎(about which--- argue about sth)‎ ‎ There is no one _____ she can turn when in trouble ‎ ‎(to whom----turn to sb for help)‎ ‎（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。‎ The reason _________ he was late was that he got up late.‎ ‎(for which----- the reason for)‎ ‎〖2012定从预测18〗Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. ‎ A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which ‎〖2012定从预测19〗Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. ‎ A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which ‎〖2012定从预测20〗For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.‎ A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which ‎〖2012定从预测21〗By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.‎ A.of which B.on which C.from which D.above which 易错点:插入语和定语干扰!‎ ‎〖2012定从预测22〗She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years.‎ A．for which B．with which C．of which D．to which ‎〖2012定从预测23〗The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. ‎ A. that B. it C. what D. which ‎〖2012定从预测24〗Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.‎ A. who B. which C. what D. that ‎〖2012定从预测25〗She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.‎ A. them B. who C. whom D. these ‎〖2012定从预测26〗Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.‎ A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom 定语从句真题练习 ‎〖2009辽宁〗They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising ‎ A. that B. when C. what D. which ‎ ‎〖2007辽宁〗Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company. A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this ‎〖2006辽宁〗I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany. A.study;of whom B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom ‎〖2004辽宁〗The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ______ are sold abroad.   A. of which   B. which of   C. of them   D. of that  ‎ ‎ ‎ DBDA 名词性从句出题思路预测 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。‎ I have forgotten ∧where we went yesterday.‎ Where we went yesterday∧ is covered with all kinds of flowers.‎ Oh! This is ∧where we came yesterday. ‎ This is the place where we came yesterday.‎ Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.‎ I will make a mark where he made the promise.‎ where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.‎ 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what; 不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。‎ ‎〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.‎ A．this B．that C．what D．which ‎〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.‎ A. why B. how C. what D. which ‎〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. ‎ A.why B.when C.which D.what 易错点:插入语干扰!‎ ‎〖2012名词性从句预测1〗The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. who ‎〖2012名词性从句预测2〗 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.‎ A.It B.This C.What D.As ‎〖2012名词性从句预测3〗The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.‎ A.where B.how C.what D.which ‎[1] In my eyes, _______ is known to all _____ Chinese economy has taken off.‎ ‎[2] ______ is known to all, Chinese economy has taken off.‎ ‎[3] I took some medicine for the bad cold, but _____ didn’t help.‎ ‎[4] I took some medicine for the bad cold, ______ didn’t help.‎ ‎[5] I find ______ is a pity that he failed in the driving test.‎ A. which B. that C. it D. As ‎〖2012名词性从句预测4〗 is known to us all is that the 2014 Olympic Games will take place in L.‎ A.It B.What C.As D.Which Whether是解! ‎ 不充当从句的任何成分，表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。‎ 通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。‎ ‎____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.‎ A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。‎ 主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用 whether 引导，不能用 if .‎ 主语从句Whether it is true remains a problem. 这件事是否真实还是个问题。‎ 表语从句What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否很快从重病中恢复过来。‎ 同位语从句I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan. ‎ ‎〖2012名词性从句预测5〗We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.‎ A. where B. what C. whether D. which ‎〖2012名词性从句预测6〗Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is ‎ rough or smooth.‎ A./ B.whether C.how D.what ‎〖2012名词性从句预测7〗What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why ‎ 名词性从句真题练习 ‎〖2006辽宁〗 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.‎ A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever A 状语从句出题思路预测 转折关系:but,however,Altough,Though,什么时候选?‎ ‎〖2011四川卷〗Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up.‎ A. whether B. although C. for D. so ‎〖2009湖南〗______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.‎ A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as ‎〖2007全国Ⅰ〗Between the two generations, it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding.‎ A.like B.as C.or D.but ‎〖2007湖南〗Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _______ the way they actually are.‎ A.as B.or C.but D.and ‎〖2012状从预测1〗Excuse me for breaking in, _______ I have some news for you. ‎ A.so B.and C.but D. yet ‎[1] It was in this city ______ he was born.‎ ‎[2] It was this city ______ he was born.‎ ‎[3] It was in 1989 ______ he was born.‎ ‎[4] It was three days _____ he was born.‎ ‎[5] It is three days _____ he was born.‎ A. where B. which C. that D. before E.since ‎〖20100陕西〗John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. ‎ ‎ A. when B. after C. before D. since ‎〖2008北京〗I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ___ Brian gets back. ‎ A. before B. since C. till D. after ‎〖2011四川卷〗 As it reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.‎ A. when B. before C. after D. since ‎〖2012状从预测2〗The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a ‎ long time we meet them again.‎ A.after B.before C.since D.when ‎〖2012状从预测3〗He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work. A.when B.before C.since D.that ‎〖2012状从预测4〗That was really a splendid evening. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much. A.when B.that C.before D.since ‎ but,however, although ‎ ‎ didn’t Unless/if ...not ‎ ‎ never Without 接名词,主句有would或could ‎ ‎ until ‎ ‎ so, therefore, as a result, accordingly ‎ because, since, as, for 前后两句一肯一否，除了转折关系,2009-2011年考的更多的是因果关系,until和unless. However和 instead同时出现在选项中时，容易选instead ；However和otherwise同时出现在选项中时容易选otherwise；but和so同时出现在选项中时容易选so（therefore） ；but和because同时出现在选项中时容易选because（as,since），具体结合语境。‎ ‎〖2008北京〗—Did you return Fred’s call? ‎ ‎ —I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. though B. unless C. when D. because ‎〖2006北京〗He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.‎ A.and B.for C.but D.or ‎〖2007天津〗It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life______we’ve actually had that lesson. A.until B.after C.since D.when ‎〖2006广东〗“You can’t have this football back_____you promise not to kick it at my cat again.” the old man said firmly.‎ ‎ A.because  B.since  C.when  D.until ‎〖2010上海〗 our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. ‎ A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After ‎〖2010全国Ⅰ〗The little boy won’t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story.‎ A. or B. unless C. but D. whether so that(宾语从句后面有can)是解!‎ ‎〖2005北京〗I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea.‎ A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that ‎〖2004全国I〗Roses need special care ______ they can live through winter.‎ A. because B. so that C. even if D. as ‎ ‎〖2003安徽春〗Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ______ her boss could read it first thing next morning.‎ A. so that B. because C. before D. or else ‎〖2002 NMET〗John shut everybody out of the kitchen _________ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.‎ A. which B. when C. so that D. as if in case (万一, 以防)是解!‎ ‎〖2011山东卷〗He had his camera ready_____ he saw something that would make a good picture.‎ A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that ‎ ‎〖2010浙江〗I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just . ‎ A．by nature B.in return C．in case D．by chance ‎〖2007北京〗Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day. A.ever since B.even if C.soon after D.in case While ‎◆主句从句主语不同,表示“而…” ‎ I do every single bit of housework __ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.‎ ‎ A. since B. while C. when D. as ‎◆While置于句首可表示As long as 或 Although While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.‎ ‎（2008湖南)______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As ‎〖2011四川卷〗 volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.‎ A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While ‎〖2010全国Ⅰ〗Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal .‎ A. so that B. although C. while D. as if ‎〖2008湖南〗 the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A.If B.While C.Because D.As ‎〖2008四川〗In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home and raise their children. A.but B.while C.because D.though where ‎〖2010重庆〗Today, we will begin _____we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.‎ A. when B. where C. how D. what ‎〖2009江苏〗 __ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.‎ A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until ‎〖2009山东〗The little girl who got lost decided to remain _____she was and wait for her mother.‎ A.where B.what C.how D.who ‎〖2004全国III〗There were dirty marks on her trousers ____ she had wiped her hands.‎ A. where B. which C. when D. that ‎ as long as ‎ ‎〖2010江西〗— Our holiday cost a lot of money.‎ ‎ — Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves.‎ A as long as B unless C as soon as D though However Whatever However 接形容词或副词!‎ However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。‎ ‎_______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. ‎ ‎ A. However the study is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is ‎ C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing Whatever 接名词或从句谓语动词少宾语!‎ Whatever (=No matter what) I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.‎ 无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。‎ The old tower must be saved, the cost.‎ A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever ‎〖2010上海〗 you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.‎ ‎ A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem ‎〖2008全国Ⅰ〗The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit______the season. A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however 什么情况下When是答案？‎ ‎◆be about to do…. When …‎ ‎= be on the point of doing … when…‎ ‎◆Was/were doing … when…‎ It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)‎ ‎〖2004上海〗Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. ‎ A. when                B. while                 C. since               D. once ‎ When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)‎ ‎〖2007北京〗—Where’s that report? ‎—I brought it to you you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. A.if B.when C.because D.before ‎◆Had just done… when… hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than …‎ ‎〖2009福建〗She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.‎ A. when B. while C. after D. since ‎◆受思维定势看到so容易错选that，符合逻辑应该是when！‎ ‎〖2009重庆〗Peter was so excited _______he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.‎ A. where        B. that ks5u C. why          D. when ‎〖2008福建〗Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year.‎ A.that B.which C.when D.where ‎〖2010四川〗Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break she got to her office. ‎ ‎ A. since B. that C. when D. until ‎ ‎〖2009福建〗She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing ‎ the piano yesterday.‎ A. when B. while C. after D. since ‎〖2007北京〗—Where’s that report? ‎—I brought it to you you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. A.if B.when C.because D.before ‎〖2006湖南〗I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel ‎ I heard the steps. A.while B.when C.since D.after ‎〖2004上海〗Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. ‎ A. when                B. while                 C. since               D. once ‎ 状语从句真题练习 ‎〖2010辽宁〗The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair_ _he wanted to sit next to his wife.‎ A．although B．unless C．because D．if ‎〖2008辽宁〗______hungry I am. I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However ‎〖2008辽宁〗I used to love that film I was a child, but I don’t feel it that way any more. A.once B.when C.since D.although ‎〖2007辽宁〗We had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table. A.since B.although C.until D.before ‎〖2006辽宁〗He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears. A.why B.where C.when D.while CDBBC 非谓语出题思路预测 有宾语主动,无宾语被动 He seats himself at the back of the classroom.（做谓语）‎ Seating himself at the back of the classroom, he can’t see the words on the blackboard clearly.（做状语）‎ He is seated at the back of the classroom. （做谓语）‎ Seated at the back of the classroom, he can’t see the words on the blackboard clearly. ‎ ‎（做状语）‎ Dressed (dress) in a new beautiful dress, she feels more confident.‎ Compared to /with cars, bicycles have some advantages.‎ ‎ Judging from his expression / look on his face, he is far from satisfactory.‎ ‎ Seen from space, the earth looks blue.‎ Tasting good, the food was soon sold out.‎ ‎【2011重庆卷】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ‎ of his own dreams.‎ A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind ‎【2011陕西卷】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left. ‎ A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked ‎【2011陕西卷】More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. ‎ A. making B. made C. to make D. having made ‎【2011全国卷II】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument.‎ ‎ A. says B. said C. to say D. saying ‎【2011天津卷】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.‎ A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated ‎【2011上海春招】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.‎ A. looked B. to look C. looking D. to be looking ‎【2011上海春招】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park. ‎ A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened ‎【2011全国卷II】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.‎ ‎ A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined ‎【2011湖南卷】The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .‎ A selecting B to selece C selected D having selected ‎【2011江西卷】On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office. ‎ A. says B.said C.saying D.to say ‎【2011浙江卷】Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.‎ A.having B had C. have D. to have 不及物动词做状语只有working 和to work两种形式,相当于及物动词后面有了宾语doing sth/to do sth. 没有worked形式!‎ ‎【2011全国卷】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.‎ A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen ‎〖2010安徽〗He had a wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling ‎〖2010湖南〗Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.‎ A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle ‎ have sth to do the only (best,first等)way to do be done to do sth ‎【2011重庆卷】 More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ‎ people’s concern over food safety.‎ A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised ‎【2011天津卷】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.‎ A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried ‎〖2010上海〗Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. ‎ A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce ‎〖2007全国I〗—The last one _________ pays the meal. ‎ ‎—Agreed! ‎ ‎ A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving ‎ 接双宾动词少一个宾语即被动done做状语!‎ ‎【2011四川卷】 an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.‎ A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer ‎〖2009江西〗_____ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars. ‎ A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given ‎ ‎〖2005福建〗When_______ help, one often says“Thank you. ” or “ It’ s kind of you. ” ‎ A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered 〖2003北京〗____ time,he’ll make a first-class tennis player. ‎ A .Having given B.To give C. Giving D. Given 非谓语真题练习 ‎【2011辽宁卷】 around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.‎ A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering ‎〖2010辽宁〗Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles.‎ A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized ‎〖2009辽宁〗______, you need to give all you have and try your best. A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner ‎〖2008辽宁〗He was busy writing a story, only once in a while to smoke a cigarette.‎ A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped ‎〖2007辽宁〗You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. ‎ A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking ‎〖2007辽宁〗The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. ‎ A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break ‎〖2004辽宁〗 by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To be attracted D.Having attracted.‎ CDBBDCB ‎ 情态动词 can be 可表示“有时候会”，猜测时，can/could用于疑问句和否定句；‎ must be 只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成“肯定/一定”；‎ may/might be 用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成“可能也许”.‎ ‎〖2011湖南卷〗No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.‎ A. can B. need C. must D. might ‎ ‎〖2008福建〗It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.‎ A.must B.can C.should D.would ‎〖2009安徽〗Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.‎ A. must B. may C. should D. would ‎〖2008四川〗Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A.must B.may C.shall D.should ‎〖2005浙江〗The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ‎ be very slow. A.should B.must C.will D.can ‎〖2004上海〗Children under 12 years of age in that country be under adnlt’s supervision when in a public library. A. must B.may C.can D.need ‎ ‎ must可表示“硬要，偏偏”。‎ ‎---How old are you, madam?   ‎ ‎----If you must know, I’m twice my son’s age.‎ shall可用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。‎ ‎---Shall he come to see you? ‎ ‎---I’d rather he didn’t.‎ 也可用于二、三人称陈述句中表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁或法规。‎ ‎--- What does the sign over here read?‎ ‎--- No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.‎ should可表示“按理说应该”。‎ ‎---When can I call for my TV set?  ‎ ‎----It should be ready this afternoon.‎ 也可表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊异、不能理解等，译作“竟然；居然”。‎ You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.‎ ‎2012完形高分策略（Skills of Cloze Tests）‎ ‎（课时1－5）‎ 一、高考完形填空命题趋势 选材特点: 以记叙文为主, 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主 命题特点: (1) 设空特点: 名词 动词(5-8个)为主 ‎ (2) 考点层次分三部: ‎ 里边层次：(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路 句子层次：(占70%左右)‎ 单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)‎ ‎ (3)考查重点: 短文第一句不设问.‎ 高考完形填空题型特点 ‎1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合; 2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;‎ ‎3. 首句完整, 主题明确;‎ ‎4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;‎ ‎5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析;‎ ‎6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;‎ ‎7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇;‎ ‎8. 常识语法, 每年出现。‎ 完型填空 之能力训练目标：‎ ‎1.词语辨析能力 ‎2.语法结构分析能力 ‎3.语篇理解能力 ‎4.逻辑推理能力 ‎5.文化背景透析能力 ‎6.作者意图剖析能力 ‎8.生活常识综合运用能力 二、考生易失分之处：‎ ‎1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。‎ ‎2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。‎ ‎3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。‎ 做题三忌：‎ v 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。‎ v 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。‎ v 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。‎ 三、做题三步法方法：‎ 四、巧解完形填空——高分技巧 ‎1、研究首尾——找主题 ‎2、上下联系——寻信息 ‎3、左顾右盼——找搭配 ‎4、思前想后——觅逻辑 ‎5、语境分析——辨词义 ‎6、集中精力——破难题 ‎7、回读检查——补漏洞 ‎1、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）‎ ‎2、打好语法基础 （固定搭配）‎ ‎3、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）‎ ‎4、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好 ‎5、多做多练，以提高实战能力 How to get high scores？‎ ‎1. 正确的答题步骤2. 必要的答题技巧 ‎3. 适量的实践训练 九大方法巧解完形 一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择 ‎ I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was   36   and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”   ‎ ‎ A. bright       B. useless        C. simple      D. hopeful 二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题 Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was  37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.    ‎ ‎ 37. A. strict       B. honest       C. special    D. learned ‎ 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise Practice：‎ ‎ His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.‎ ‎ 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked ‎ 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker 三、利用语篇标志解题（三找）‎ 常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, what’s more, further;转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。‎ She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.‎ ‎ A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important ‎1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）‎ ‎2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）‎ 句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。‎ 考点：（以下条件缺一不可）‎ ①考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的句子；‎ ②出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间；‎ ③选项中必须要有对立关系的词。‎ ‎3、找AND题（在原文中找and）‎ 考点：‎ ①and前后选同义词，词性一致；‎ ②and前后选同一范围词；‎ ③and前后句子对应成分相同；‎ ④在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。‎ ‎3、找同现复现原则 Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. ‎ ‎22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent ‎ Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.‎ ‎ Having similar friends has many advantages. …‎ ‎2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar 四、根据逻辑推理解题 ‎…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a ‎ very strange___quite pleasant taste. A. besides B. but C. and D. or ‎ 五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.                ‎ ‎ A．dry       B．distant        C．deserted        D．wild ‎ 六、从语法角度来解题 I went into a café and asked for a coffee .   21   I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed  22 (loneliness). ‎ ‎ A．Before        B．Since        C．Although       D．While Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?‎ ‎23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。‎ 七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题 ‎ ‎1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.‎ ‎ 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all 八、从词语辨析的角度来解题 When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.‎ A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to ‎ 九、同义近义复现来解题 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ___7___‎ ‎ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …‎ ‎7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn ‎8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety 完型填空实战四招：‎ 抓首——抓住首句,预测全文。‎ 完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。‎ 捕眼——捕捉题眼,寻找契机 所谓“题眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系——那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。‎ 跳身——避难就易,节省时间 在解题过程中,我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。‎ 扫尾——复读全文,解决残敌 到了这时,借助已经补全的空白,我们应该对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题,如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题目,我们则完全可以凭语感来确定：‎ 把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍,哪个念起来顺口、舒服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选定的答案不要轻易改动,因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。‎ 在各空都已填出后,再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏,改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩。‎ 真题实战演练 ‎（2011·全国新课标卷）完形填空（ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）‎ ‎ In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory__36__（同义复现）course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education）‎ ‎ The professor __37__the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students to _38_（同义复现）how many beans the jar contained. After __39__shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the __40__ answer,（与前面wrong 相对应）and went on saying, ”You have just __41__an important lesson about science. That is: Never__42__ your own senses.”‎ ‎ Twenty years later, the __43__（上文提到的人物）could guess what the professor had in mind. He __44__himself, perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting __45__(概括的是答案)into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or顺接关系）even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 .The professor, however, 与小女孩的观点相反的said that it was 52（与51相对）.he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and 54 ,”（找and）the women ‎ says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”（找否定词）‎ ‎36．A. art B. history C. science D. math ‎37．A. searched fo B. looked at C. got through D. marched into ‎38．A. count B. guess C. report D. watch ‎39．A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to ‎40．A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult ‎41．A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken ‎42．A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show ‎43．A. lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman ‎44．A. described B. respected C. saw D. served ‎45．A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush ‎46. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light ‎47. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods ‎48. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse ‎49. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting ‎50. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained ‎51. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth ‎52. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable ‎53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection ‎54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave ‎55. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed ‎【要点综述】本文是记叙文。二十年前，在第一节理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，这个实验告诉学生们，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。‎ ‎36. C 联系下文an important lesson about science我们知道，这是一节理科实验课。‎ ‎37. D 从空后的placed upon his desk a large jar filled with…我们可以知道，老师走进了教室。‎ ‎38. B 联系空后的how many beans the jar contained我们可以知道，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。‎ ‎39. D 联系空后的shouts of wildly wrong guesses我们知道，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，教授听了他们喊出的答案。‎ ‎40. C 联系空前的announced和空后的answer我们知道，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。‎ ‎41. A 联系空后的an important lesson about science我们知道，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。‎ ‎42. B 学生们的推测都是错误的，因此教授说，“不要相信你们的意识。”‎ ‎43. D 联系下文But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept…我们知道，这个妇女能够推测教授心里是怎么想的。‎ ‎44. C 前文有提示：The professor 37 (marched into) the lecture hall，由此我们可以得出答案。‎ ‎45. A 联系空后的into the unknown world我们知道，教授的目的是带学生们进行一次激动人心的知识旅行。‎ ‎46. B 联系后文which can be discovered only through scientific 47 (method)我们知道，这个世界是眼睛看不到的，只有通过科学方法才可以看到。 ‎ ‎47. D 联系前文的invisible to the eye我们知道，这个世界只有通过科学的方法才可以看到。‎ ‎48. A 联系空前的could not accept我们知道，她不能接受，甚至听到这个邀请。or在这里表达前后为顺接关系，因此其他选项可以排除。‎ ‎49. B 联系前文的the seventeen-year-old girl我们可以推断，这个小女孩年龄很小，只是刚刚开始认识这个世界。‎ ‎50. A 空后的her firsthand experience could be the 51 (truth)是她的认识，因此我们选believed。‎ ‎51. D 联系前文我们知道，教授想告诉学生的是第一手经验并不一定是事情的真相，我们要通过科学实验来验证真相，但是小女孩的想法与之相反。‎ ‎52. C 联系前文我们可以知道，教授认为小女孩认识世界的方式是错误的。‎ ‎53. B 显然空前提到的her first-hand experience就是她认识世界的工具。‎ ‎54. C 联系下文的haven’t gone near science since我们知道，她对理科产生了恐惧。‎ ‎55. A 联系空后的haven’t gone near science since我们知道，那天下午她就放弃了理科。D有一定干扰性，miss意思是“错过”，因此可以排除。‎ 高考英语完型填空实战演练二 （ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）‎ Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.‎ Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.‎ If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.‎ ‎ 18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.‎ Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.‎ Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.‎ Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. They’d be rotten.‎ You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.‎ ‎16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember ‎17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide ‎18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently ‎19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill ‎20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet ‎21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however ‎22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up ‎23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared ‎24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise ‎25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent ‎26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let ‎27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different ‎28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful ‎29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out ‎30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away ‎31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see ‎32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though ‎33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume ‎34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond ‎35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.‎ Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.‎ If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.‎ ‎16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember 解题思路：题眼法代入法 捕捉题眼，寻找契机：所谓“题眼”就是解题线索，就是那些原句中出现的、对解题起重要暗示作用的关键词。找准关键词语,有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，如果能迅速找准这些词语，再结合各选项的意义和特点，就能很快选出正确答案。‎ ‎17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide 解题思路：没有同义复现或固定搭配，考虑概括的是解。‎ 并列结构法: 根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如:and/also/or或逗号“，”等，它们的提点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。‎ ‎ 18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run. ‎ ‎18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently 解题思路：前后呼应法代入法 前后呼应法：做完形填空要始终抓住文章本身，联系“双语境”判断做题，即大语境——全文中心和基调；小语境——空格前后所构成的语意环境；再根据前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路做题。‎ 句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。 如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有： firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；   表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有： thus, therefore, so等；   表示改变话题的语篇标志语有： by the way等；  表示递进关系的语篇标志语有： besides, what’s more, further等；   表示时间关系的语篇标志语有： before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等。 ‎ ‎19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill 解题思路：摆脱思维定势，排除“陷阱” chemical， 后提示句Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense.都是physical。‎ ‎20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet 解题思路：与前面句子It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. 同义复现。‎ 同义复现：是英语中常见的一种现象。为强调某一意思，但又不想重复使用某个词，文中前后两处会使用一组同义词或同义词组。由于在完形填空题中，这两个同义词的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到。无须过多推理，只须确定相同的是哪个意思，然后找出选项中与之相符的一项即可。‎ Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said ‎ something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.‎ ‎21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however 解题思路：转折特点：‎ but转折法：文中一出现“but” “Although” “though” “however,” “while”等词，应该马上想到前后语意有转折。只要知道其中一方的语意，就可以反向推出另一方的意思，从而解题。完形填空题中，but一词后多半会设题。所以，大家在考试时，只要看到but就做一个标记，遇到类似but这样表转折的词也同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。‎ ‎22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up 解题思路：and并列结构法,give way to的同义词let 。。take ‎ ‎23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。‎ ‎24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise 解题思路：后暗示法，smarter的近义词是 。‎ 利用暗示和对应解题：虽然重点是对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。 ‎ Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.‎ ‎25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent 解题思路：同义复现法 ‎26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，动词 可以带宾补hidden away or bottled up inside。‎ ‎27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different 解题思路：跨段落篇章复现tense 查找文章多处反复复现概念的已知词：复现可以是相同的词在文章的不同地方重复出现。复现的解题意义在于：如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关系，只要从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案。‎ ‎28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful 解题思路：利用关联成分，将illnesses设置成已知，另一个是未知的，这样那个已知的词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索。illnesses会对health ？‎ Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. They’d be rotten.‎ ‎29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out 解题思路：看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句，go ? ‎ 看看文章中动词都与哪些副词或介词搭配成动词短语？ ‎ It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. ‎ No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . ‎ ‎30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，but 30 you’d smell them. 句中的’d=would是过去将来时.in no time=by and by=in a flash=before long=soon是将来时的时间状语，表示“很快”；而right away=right now=quickly=at once=immediately则不受限制！‎ ‎31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. （A. meet ，B. observe， C. catch ，D. see）little fruit flies hovering (盘旋)。‎ You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.‎ ‎32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard.是虚拟句。‎ ‎33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume 解题思路：抉择于A. pretend 和D. assume之间， exist？‎ 绝对相近法：它是从选项着手分析的，若四个选项中有两个选项绝对矛盾、相近和对立，那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生，二者必居其一，至于究竟是两者中的哪一个，则需进一步根据上下文的语境判断。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。‎ ‎34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond 解题思路：exist =be there, there= in? around? Over? beyond?‎ ‎35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out 解题思路：容易错选C.throw away，概括的是解。‎ ‎16——20 CCCBB 21——25 DCADC 26——30ABBAC 31——35 DAABB 高考英语完型填空实战演练二（ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）‎ Anna arrived far too early. Usually she left things to the last minute， 16 today was a very special occasion. It was almost 17 by getting there an hour beforehand that she 18 to cause the plane to arrive sooner： 19 raced through her mind. “Do I look all right? Will he notice that I’m wearing a 20 trouser suit? Will he even 21 me? "After all，it was a year almost to the day since she had 22 seen Joe. She ‎ fished a 23 out of her handbag and inspected her face. Too much make-up？. Joe had 24 made any comment but she knew that he did not approve of（赞成）heavy make-up—“gilding the lily”，he 25 it. It was funny how much importance she attached to 26 a good impression on him. After all，friends do not judge each other by 27 All the same，it was the first meeting after a long separation，and she wanted everything to 28 right·‎ Looking out of the window，Joe 29 a first glimpse，through a break in the 30 ，of the town far below. Certainly it was very flattering that they had 31 him to be the guest lecturer at their Autumn Congress yet again. The Chairman of the Organizing Committee，as a matter of Courtesy（礼貌），had. 32 to meet him at the airport，as he had done on previous occasions. This time， 33 ，it was not necessary， 34 because Joe was quite familiar with the city，but mainly because Anna had said that she could 35 the afternoon off in order to come and meet him. ‎ ‎16. A. and B. but C. for D. as ‎17. A. because B. since C. as if D. when ‎18. A. thought B. liked C. had D. hoped ‎19. A. Idea B. Facts C. Thoughts D. Matters ‎20. A. new B. strange C. latest D. single ‎21. A. like B. recognize C. terrify D. tell ‎22. A. before B. recently C. last D. most ‎23. A. purse B. handkerchief C. mirror D. book ‎24. A. never B. almost C. often D. regularly ‎25. A. told B. called C. saw D. thought ‎26. A. offering B. taking C. having D. making ‎27. A. appearance B. clothes C. make-up D. looking ‎28. A. come across B. turn up C. go off D. get out ‎29. A. caught B. left C. enjoyed D. met ‎30. A. air B. rain C. train D. clouds ‎31. A. employed B. invited， C. told D. informed ‎32. A. offered B. arrived C. intended D. attempted ‎33. A. therefore B. however C. instead D. as well ‎34. A. luckily B. really C. partly D. separately ‎35. A. put B. make C. take D. leave 高考英语完型填空实战演练二（ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ）‎ Anna arrived far too early. Usually she left things to the last minute， 16 today was a very special occasion. It was almost 17 by getting there an hour beforehand that she 18 to cause the plane to arrive sooner： 19 raced through her mind. “Do I look all right? Will he notice that I’m wearing a 20 trouser suit? Will he even 21 me? "After all，it was a year almost to the day since she had 22 seen Joe. She fished a 23 out of her handbag and inspected her face. Too much make-up？. Joe had 24 made any comment but she knew that he did not approve of（赞成）heavy make-up—“gilding the lily”，he 25 it. It was funny how much importance she attached to 26 a good impression on him. After all，friends do not judge each other by 27 All the same，it was the first meeting after a long separation，and she wanted everything to 28 right·‎ ‎16. A. and B. but C. for D. as 解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”, “Perhaps”, “It meight be”等表示“可能”的副词。‎ ‎17. A. because B. since C. as if D. when 解题思路：利用语法分析解题，because，since，when接句子。‎ ‎18. A. thought B. liked C. had D. hoped 解题思路：sooner 是将来时间状语，hope与将来时有关！‎ ‎19. A. Idea B. Facts C. Thoughts D. Matters 解题思路：“Do I look all right? Will he notice that I’m wearing a 20 trouser suit? Will he even 21 me? 这两个问句说明她在想。Think = 19 raced through her mind.?‎ ‎20. A. new B. strange C. latest D. single 解题思路：利用排除法解题I’m wearing a 20 trouser suit? Will he even 21 recognize me? "怀疑是否能 recognize我，说明I’m wearing a 20 trouser suit?‎ ‎21. A. like B. recognize C. terrify D. tell 解题思路：代入法 ‎22. A. before B. recently C. last D. most 解题思路：代入法 ‎23. A. purse B. handkerchief C. mirror D. book 解题思路：与make-up相关的是 ？‎ ‎24. A. never B. almost C. often D. regularly 解题思路：but 说明前面应是否定词。‎ ‎25. A. told B. called C. saw D. thought 解题思路：代入法“gilding the lily”，he 25 it.=he 25 it “gilding the lily”？‎ ‎26. A. offering B. taking C. having D. making 解题思路：代入法，词汇辨析 ‎27. A. appearance B. clothes C. make-up D. looking 解题思路： judge each other by 27 ？概括的是解。‎ ‎28. A. come across B. turn up C. go off D. get out 解题思路：联想法Everything goes well,Everything与 go搭配！‎ Looking out of the window，Joe 29 a first glimpse，through a break in the 30 ，of the town far below. Certainly it was very flattering that they had 31 him to be the guest lecturer at their Autumn Congress yet again. The Chairman of the Organizing Committee，as a matter of Courtesy（礼貌），had 32 to meet him at the airport，as he had done on previous occasions. This time， 33 ，it was not necessary 34 because Joe was quite familiar with the city，but mainly because Anna had said that she could 35 the afternoon off in order to come and meet him. ‎ ‎29. A. caught B. left C. enjoyed D. met 解题思路：‎ 固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。删除干扰部分，就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语删除Joe 29 a first glimpse，through a break in the 30 ，of the town far below.‎ ‎30. A. air B. rain C. train D. clouds 解题思路：the town far below.暗示是从飞机向下看，突然a break 看不到了片刻是因为天空中 挡了一下？ ‎ ‎31. A. employed B. invited C. told D. informed 解题思路：Autumn Congress 与guest lecturer有关的动词是 ？‎ ‎32. A. offered B. arrived C. intended D. attempted 解题思路：intended 与attempted近义，应排除，承诺去接。‎ ‎33. A. therefore B. however C. instead D. as well 解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”, “Perhaps”, “It meight be”等表示“可能”的副词。‎ ‎34. A. luckily B. really C. partly D. separately 解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”, “Perhaps”, “It meight be”等表示“可能”的副词。后面句子中it was not necessary because Joe was quite familiar with the city，but mainly because Anna had said that she could take the afternoon off提示未知的空应是mainly的反义词。‎ ‎35. A. put B. make C. take D. leave 解题思路：固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。不知道take off是请假的话，联想have two days off是请2天假的意思也行，因为词组也含off.‎ ‎36—40 BCDCA 41—45 BCCAB 46—50 DACAD 51—55 BABCC ‎2012高考英语高频词组汇【经典100组】‎ 很多同学觉得英语学不会很大程度上有由于词汇量太少所致。。。然而其实不然，有一些词汇很简单，你个个都认识可组合起来就不一定了或者意思就会产生偏差，这就是名曰词组的东西。可恰恰有些词组总是受到高考命题老师们的偏爱，特此整理出来以便同学们整理背诵。【好好记一记，比背单词的效率高多了呢~(*^__^*) 】‎ ‎1 abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动） 　　2 have a (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事 　　3 to the best of one's ability 尽力 　　4 be about to do when… 正准备做某事突然。。。 　　5 above all 首先，最重要； in all 总计 after all 毕竟; 终究 　　6 at home and abroad 在国内外 go abroad 出国 　　7 in sb.'s absence 不在时 in the absence of （人）不在时 be absent from 缺席 　　8 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 　　9 access to 接近；进入 　　10 by accident 偶然 by chance by mistake 由于错误 　　11 be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误 　　12 be accompanied by 附有；伴随 　　13 according to (后面不接view,opinion…); in my opinion 　　14 collect accounts收账； open an account 开账户； keep accounts 记账 ; account for说明; give a full account of 做一个完整的说明; on account of=because of 因为 　　15 accuse sb. of… 控告某人； charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人； Blame sb. for sth. 责备某人 　　16 be accustomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于干某事 　　17 have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知 　　18 come (run) across （偶然）碰到 ; get sth. across 使人理解；领会 　　19 act as充当，担任 act out 表演（对话、故事）； act on(upon) 对。。。起作用 　　20 catch sb. in the act of doing sth. 抓住某人干某事； take action 采取行动 　　21 be active in 在。。。积极 take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活 　　22 adapt oneself to 使自己适应 adapt sth. to 使某物适应 adapt from 根据。。。改写（改编） 　　23 add in 包括； 加进去 add to 增加；加强 add… to 把。。。加到。。。上 　　add up to 合加起来 　　24 be addicted to sth.( doing sth. ) 嗜好。。。的；上了。。。瘾的 　　25 in addtion/ in addtion to 此外 　　26 deliver an address to 向。。发表演讲 giving a closing address 致闭幕词 an address of welcome 欢迎词 　　27 admit to sth.( doing sth.) 承认 　　28 in advance=beforehand 提前 　　29 be of great (no ) advantage to 对。。。大大有利（毫无裨益） gain(have) an advantage over优于；胜过； take advantage of sb. 利用某人；欺骗某人 　　30 put an advertisement 登广告 　　31 ask for sb.'s advice 征求某人的建议 give sb. advice on how to do sth. 就如何      何干某事提出忠告 　　32 advise sb. on sth. 就某事对某人提出忠告；advise sb. against( doing) sth.‎ 劝某人不干某事 　　33 be afraid of 害怕；担心 be afraid to do 不敢做某事 　　34 be after 寻求；追求 　　35 be against one's proposal 反对（意见 go against nature违背自然stand against the wall 靠墙而立 　　36 at the age of 在。。。岁时； be under age 未成年 　　37 agree with sb.( what 从句 ); agree with the climate/饮食 对气候等的适应 　　agree to +advice/suggestion/ idea/proposal … agree on (upon) 。。。就。。达成一致意见 　　38 ahead of ( time) 在。。。前面 go ahead 继续；前进 　　39 aid sb. in sth./aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 in aid of 支持 ；give sb. first aid对某人实施急救 　　40 aim at 瞄准 　　41 on the air（用无线电、电视）播送 in the air 在空中； by air 乘飞机； put on (give oneself) airs 摆架子 　　42 all along 一直；始终 all over the country(world)遍及全国（世界） all alone 单独；独自地 all but 几乎；差一点 　　43 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 　　44 let alone 更不用说 There is not enough room for us,let alone six dogs. 　　45 get along (on) with 在。。。方面有进展 take along with 随身携带 　　46 not only…but also 　　47 make an analysis of 分析 　　48 in the ancient time 在古代 　　49 and so on/and so forth 等等 　　50 be angry about sth.对某事生气 be angry at sth.因某事生气 　　be be angry with sb.生某人的气 　　51 annoy sb. with sth./annoy sb. by doing sth. 因。。。使某人生气；52 one after another 相继 　　53 answer for 对。。。负责 answer sb.'s call 回电话 make no answer 不作回答 　　54 be anxious about ( for) 为。。。担心 be anxious to do 渴望（急于）做某事 　　55 apologize to sb. for sth./ make an apology to sb. for sth 因某事向某人道歉 　　56 in appearance 外貌上 make one's appearance 登台 by/from all appearances 显然 　　57 apply…to… 将。。应用于 apply for 申请 apply to 适应于 apply oneself to 专心致志于 ； apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 　　58 appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职; appoint a time for the meeting 约定开会时间 　　59 approach to 接近 make an approach to 对。。。进行探讨 　　60 approve of 赞同      61 argue with/against sb. about/on sth. 与某人辩论某事；argue sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 　　62 arm in arm 肩并肩 hand in hand 手拉手 ; shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 take sth. in one's arms抱 be armed to the teeth 全副武装 　　63 arrange for 安排；准备 arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事 　　make an arrangement( arrangements) for… 做好准备；安排 　　64 as a whole 作为总体 on the whole 总体上 　　65 as…as one can ‎ 尽力；尽可能 　　66 as to/with regard to 至于；说到 　　67 be ashamed at sth. 为某事感到羞愧be ashamed for 为某人感到羞愧 　　68 ask for sth. 请求 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索取某物 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 　　69 every aspect of=all the aspects of 各个方面 　　70 assist sb. with sth./assist sb. in doing sth./assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 　　71 associate..with… 把。。。和。。联系起来 ; in association with … 与。。。联手 　　72 be astonished( surprised) at (the news) 对。。感到惊奇 　　73 at the latest 最迟 　　74 e attached to 附属于。。。；依恋； attach sth. to… 把。。贴上 把。。系在。。。上 　　75 attempt/try to do sth.(make an attempt to do sth.) 企图做。。。；attempt at sth. 试图获得 　　76 attend on/to sb. 照看/护理某人； attend to 关心；照料 　　77 attract/capture/catch/draw/get one's attention 吸引某人注意 　　hold one's attention on 将注意力集中于 devote one's attention to 专心于 　　turn one's attention to 将注意力转向 pay attention to 注意 　　78 one's attitude towards… 某人的态度对。 　　79 on (the ) average按平均； above( below) average 平均以上（下） 　　80 be aware of 意识到，觉察 　　81 back and forth 来回地（屋内） 　　82 at the back of sb./at sb.'s back 支持某人；at the back of 在。。。后 　　lie on one's back 朝天躺着 　　83 go from bad to worse 每况愈下 　　84 go bad(wrong/hungry) 变腐 　　85 keep(lose) balance 保持（失去）平衡 ; 　　be in the balance 悬而未决 　　86 ban( prohibit) sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 　　be under a ban被禁止 　　87 base sth. on/upon sth. 以。。。为基础； be based on 基于 　　on…basis=on the basis of 以。。。为根据； 在。。。基础上 　　88 battle against 向。。。开战； battle with 与。。。搏斗； battle for为。。。而战 　　89 because of + 名词（代词、 what 从句） 　　90 make the bed 整理床铺；in bed/on the bed 在床上 　　91 beg sb. to do sth.恳求某人干某事； beg for sth. 请求得到 beg sth. of sb.恳求某人某事 　　92 begin with 从。。。开始 　　93 on behalf of 代表 ; on sb.'s behalf 以某人的名义 　　94 believe in 信赖 　　95 belong to (无被动语态) 属于 　　96 beyond recognition认不出来 beyond belief 难以置信 　　beyond description 无法用言语表达 beyond sb. 对某人来说难以理解 　　97 by birth 在血统上 at birth 诞生；出生 give birth to 生（产） 　　98 bit by bit 一点点地 do one's bit 尽一点（份） quite a bit 相当多 　　比较： not a bit 一点也不 not a little ‎ 很，非常 　　99 be black and blue 遍体鳞伤 　　100 bear the blame 受过lay/ put the blame on/upon sb. for sth. 把责任推到某人身上 唤起迅捷激情 震撼学子心灵 ‎2012高考英语完形圣经秘诀教案 透过已知信息　　推断未知信息 不易策略，扫描选项，在万变中找到不变的规律！　‎ 简易策略，瞻前顾后，化繁为简，化难为易！‎ 变易策略，左顾右盼，以变制变，熟能生巧！‎ 首尾段首尾句,边做边看选项中与中心同现词或复现词!‎ 扫描选项 　同义词 / 同类词排除 ‎ 　高频答案词 ‎ 　相反项有解 ‎ 　同现 思路 　　　瞻前顾后 　复现 ‎ ‎ 　逻辑结构 ‎ ‎ ‎ 左顾右盼 　P原则 ‎ 　关联结构 技巧归纳: 感情色彩 时态暗示法 动词综合法(主语/宾语是人是物? 及不及物?过程还是结果?......), ...... (略) 共20多项法则,交叉都指向同一个答案才最准确!‎ 满分策略: 五四运动法 串线交叉法 主线贯穿法, ......(略) ‎ 节选教案试看!‎ 瞻前顾后　同现　复现　逻辑结构 同现 中心同现是指段落的首段的中心词或段落中反复出现的名词或名词词组,在被选空格内的句子中也重复出现或与其意思倾斜向;词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。‎ 首段首句一般都是中心句,名词是核对重点!‎ ‎◆Then , mountain --- climbing began to grow popular as a sport. To some people, there is something greatly ___28____ about getting to the ___29____ of a high mountain: a struggle against nature is finer than a battle ___30____other human begins. And then , when you are at the mountain top after a long and difficult ____31____, what a ___32____ reward ( 奖品 ) it is to be able to look ___33___ on everything within ___34____! At such time , you feel happier and prouder than you can ever feel down ___35___. 与首尾句名词 动词 形容词 副词倾向!‎ ‎28.A.excited B. interested C.dangerous D.terrible ‎ ‎32.A.surprising B.excited C.disappointing D.astonishing ‎ ‎◆Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to the music. Today her little daughter Lauren was giving her ___1___ concert. She had been waiting for this __2__ for years and years. “Now it is here at last,” she thought. “How beautiful her ___3___ is.”‎ The song made her ___4___ to the days when she was Lauren’s ___5___. As a young ___6___, Dorothy wanted to be a concert singer. She studied ___7___ in France, Italy and in the United States. “You can become a fine ___8___ in the future,” her teachers told her. “But you must be ___9___ to study hard and work for many years. ‎ ‎3. A. voice B. face C. dress D. life ‎7. A. French B. music C. piano D. dance ‎8. A. actress B. student C. singer D. dancer K 抓住中心意思-----围绕什么话题 (在文章中出现频率最多的词)‎ ‎◆Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall ( 演讲厅 ) but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ___1___, many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class. The professor begins by selecting one ___2___ of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will ‎ open up for class ___3___. ‎ ‎1. A. subjects B. paintings C. speeches D. lectures 仅有技巧和词汇是不够的,高频答案词及短语,是突破的关键!但相当多的具体情况和难以处理的选项,做起来还是有些吃力,怎么办?‎ 吴军老师刚刚出炉的2012高考英语完形暗示点全归纳将使您傲视群雄!‎ 宾语从句是特殊疑问句WH-或whether/if时,要选下列动词:‎ ask, doubt, wonder, want to know, know, guess 答题选动词:‎ ‎〖2011·全国新课标卷〗The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 41 an important lesson about science.‎ ‎38. A．count B. guess C. report D. watch 考察动词，或根据后文wildly wrong guesses的提示，考虑复现选B。‎ ‎ ‎ 反过来选WH-或whether/if:‎ ‎〖2011·安徽卷〗One afternoon. I walked into a building to ask 41 there were any job opportunities(机会)，The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that 42 .‎ ‎41. A. why B. wherever C. whether D. whenever 一天，作者走进一座大楼去问“是否”(whether)有自己能做的工作。选C。A项为“为什么”；B项为“无论在那”；D项为“无论何时”‎ 怎么样?这样做题快吗?‎ 为了让您更加深信不疑,我们再免费发布一个法则,你可以马上用下列真题或你学校的模拟练习题来验证一下,好使,就要赶紧预定呦!每省仅限定10套,额满即!止 正面的,积极的,肯定的, 还是负面的,消极的,否定的?‎ ‎◆“I’m sorry, but we have enough 27 for the newspaper already. Come back next year and we’ll talk then.” Jenna smiled 28 and left. “Why is high school so 29 ?” she sighed.‎ ‎ 叹气sighed说明是勉强的,选消极的weakly ‎28. A. widely B. weakly C. excitedly D. brightly ‎◆Tired and sad,she told her story 38 ,not to anyone in particular.‎ ‎38.A.tearfully B.seriously C.carefully D.calmly ‎◆It seems funny that we are _40_ for things, with which we are unfamiliar or about which we are _41_, but we all, my friends as well as I, consider this one of life’s _42_ .‎ ‎41. A. uncertain B. unhappy C. not pleased D. careful ‎ ‎〖2011·四川卷〗I truly feel that my mother led me here, to Morzaine, and to my future as a happy wife and businesswoman. When Mum 21 in October 2007, I was a cook.. In December that year. while I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace Mum had left me 22 . I was distraught（忧心如焚的）.Some days later, I was 23 that a guy who was working with us that day. “could probably have made a fortune 24 he necklace he found.” 25 , he returned it. ‎ ‎22.A. burned B. disappeared C . broke D. dropped ‎ ‎22空就近distraught（忧心如焚的）是负的,只有disappear是负的；burn燃烧；break打破；drop降低，落下。有后文的我感到“忧心如焚”及“归还”（return）可知此处是指项链丢失了。B ‎〖2011·安徽卷〗Nearly ten minutes later, he 45, He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay 46 . Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to 47 a job. 积极的!‎ ‎ I was a little surprised. but had a 48 feeling about him. Along the way ,I realized that I had 49 resumes(简历). Seeing this, the man 50 at his business partner’s office to make me fifteen 51 copies. He also gave me some 52 on dressing and speaking. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very 53 . The following day, I received a 54 from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.‎ ‎46. A. silent B. busy C. positive D. comfortable 他问了问我的打算，鼓励我要振作起来，不要灰心。选C。A项为“沉默不语的”；B项为“忙绿的”；C项为“积极乐观的，有信心的”；D项为“舒适的，舒服的”。‎ ‎48. A. dull B. good C. guilty D. general 作者对他的主动帮助感到有点惊奇，但是对他充满了“好感” (good feeling)。选B。A项为“阴暗的，无趣的”；C项为“内疚的”；D项为“一般的，普通的”。‎ ‎53. A. lonely B. funny C. disappointed D. satisfied 我分发完简历回到家感到非常“满意”(satisfied)。选D。A项为“寂寞的，孤独的”；B项为“滑稽的，可笑的”；C项为“失望的，沮丧的”。‎ ‎〖2011·四川卷〗Some days later, I was 23 that a guy who was working with us that day. “could probably have made a fortune 24 the necklace he found.” 25 , he returned it. Hearing how I’d 26 Mum for six months before her death, he said, “Christmas is going to be 27 —why not go out to the Alps for a couple of weeks?‎ ‎27.A.long B. hard C. merry D. free death.在27空附近是负的,B项对应。在万家团圆的圣诞节，母亲刚去世，对我来说一定很难熬。B 吴军英语高分密码真的有这么神奇吗？是！一点儿没错！效果是绝对的真实！作为一种标准化考试，选择题本身是有很多缺陷的,这些缺陷就是暗示点，就是解题的突破口!吴军英语高分密码通过对历年真题的长时间的研究，对这些暗示点进行了全面、深入、细致的挖掘和整理,将其转化为超级解题秘诀!‎ 每一个秘诀的准确率都在95%以上，甚至是100% 吴军英语高分密码,真正做到了立竿见影！甚至是一剑封喉！马上用吴军英语高分密码对照历年所有的高考真题进行逐一的验证吧! 遇到吴军老师，您太幸运了！‎ 请上www.sypeterwu.com或上百度,输入"沈阳高分英语家教吴军"查询!‎ 现在预定吴军2012高考英语高分秘诀系统教案 巨划算！‎ ‎2012高考英语完形圣经秘诀教案 原价3200元 现5折 1600元 ‎2012高考英语3天提分秘诀教案 原价6000元 现6折 3600元 ‎2012高考英语高频答案词汇教案 原价5000元 现5折 2500元 ‎2012年4月初恢复原价！‎ ‎“值”言不讳 “笑”益无穷 我们是高考高分英语的实践者；‎ 我们是高考快速提分的挑战者； 迎接2012高考，我们信心十足！‎ 我们是一群眼界开阔的国际人！ 加油，Come on!‎ 情人的眼：十本金牌教案 =火箭式提分！(好喜欢!)‎ 冬天的梅花，非常耀眼.其实，梅花开的并不艳丽，只是因为你喜欢她，所以才心明眼亮.如果到了百花盛开的春天，你能身在花丛眼不花，还能看到淡淡素素的梅花吗？ 高考英语也经常遇到这种情景，有时已知条件非常之多，提供的信息诱惑也非常之泛.此时，你能“情有独钟”地筛选出你需要的她吗？ 诗人的心：洞穿作者、命题人思维轨迹！(高考漏题啦?!)‎ 七品芝麻官，说的是这个官很小，就是芝麻那么小的一点. 《阿里巴巴》用“芝麻开门”，讲的是“以小见大”. 就是那点芝麻，竟把那个庞然大门给“点”开了. 以点成线、以点带面、两线交点、三线共点、还有顶点、焦点、极限点等等，足以说明“点”的重要性. 要有诗人般的细心和灵感,发现这些隐藏起来的点!‎ 英雄的胆：敢于呐喊，考试有捷径！(为时不晚!)‎ 西餐宴上，摆着漂亮的什锦比萨. 众人虽然都在称好，但没有一人动手. 原来这东西罩在一个透明的“玻璃盒”里，不知从哪儿打开，大家只好故作谦让，互相叫“请”. 一小孩不顾礼节，拿着餐刀往“盒”上直戳，七戳，八戳，戳到了“玻璃盒”的花纹处，此时盒子竟像莲花一样自动地启开了. 大家惊喜，夸这孩子有见识. 其实，这孩子的成功在他的“敢于一试”，在试试中碰到了盒子的入口. 高考英语何尝没遇上这种情境？我们有时苦心焦虑地寻找破题的入口，其实，自己此时正站在入题的大门口前，只是不敢动手一试.吴军和张勇强老师不过是在日以继夜的研究教学过程中,发现了迅捷提分和满分密码的入口,进入后,不断的深入而已!‎ 侠客的剑: 推助满分的力量! (棒极了!) ‎ 关羽不同于诸葛. 诸葛是智星，靠着扇子；关羽是武士，用的大刀. “过关斩将”用这大刀，“水淹七军”用这大刀. 关羽的“切瓜分片”是什么意思？切者，七刀也，分者，八刀也！再难的高考英语完形和阅读题，经过这七刀、八刀，最后不就粉碎了吗！强军高考英语暗示点全归纳,高频答案词一本通,阅读矩阵法则，完型胜经等7刀8剑将助您“过关斩将”！‎ 速度比完美更重要 思路比题海要有效 ‎2012高考英语阅读思维重现法则 强军英语满分体系主编:张勇强 无线索 ‎ 1、题干无线索的推理 2、判断题 题干 ‎ 答案 选项 ‎ 主旨靠 定位 ‎ 有线索 精确线索 模糊线索 用不同的词、不同的结构表达但和原文一样的内容 ‎ ‎ ‎（数字、大写、专名、显性逻辑关系） 1全文反复重复的内容 ‎ 2题干与原文貌离神合 题干定位原则 与主旨靠 3使用原文的近义结构 ‎1数字、大写、专名 原文找意思一样的内容 主-- -被 人---物 ‎2逻辑关系 因 果 选项定位 真---虚 陈述---倒装 手段 目的 4使用原文、原词、原结构 条件 事实 5使用原文的反说 ‎3成分定位 6使用原文的上义词、下义词、同一范畴词 ‎4主旨靠 7使用原文的总结归纳 ‎5找意思一致内容 8使用原文的分说例证 大忌：（只定位个别词、忽视题干、逻辑、成分） ‎ 张勇强阅读选项对比36计(部分节选)‎ ‎1 内容相似 都排除 ‎ 目前，高考英语选择题只能选取一个正确答案！‎ ‎54. It can be inferred from the passage that___.‎ A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people A=B C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease ‎2 内容相反 取其一 有一大汉，想进某屋. 门上并未加锁，但他久推不开，弄得满头大汗. 后面传来一位小姐轻轻的声音：“先生别推，请向后拉！” 大汉真的向后一拉，果然门就轻轻地开了. 大汉奇怪地问：“这门上并没有写拉字，你怎么知道是拉门的呢？” 小姐答：“因为我看到你推了半天，门还不动，那就只有拉了！”‎ ‎41.We can learn from the text that__________.‎ A. email is less popular than the fax service ‎ B. the postal service has over the years become faster B>

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