英语高考全国卷二含参考答案

英语高考全国卷二含参考答案

绝密★启用前 ‎2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 ‎（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。‎ ‎3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：Howmuchistheshirt?‎ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.‎ ‎1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?‎ A.Pronunciation. B.Vocabulary. C.Grammar.‎ ‎2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?‎ A.Colleagues. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.‎ ‎3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?‎ A.Inabank. B.Ataticketoffice. C.Onatrain.‎ ‎4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?‎ A.Arestaurant. B.Astreet. C.Adish.‎ ‎5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?‎ A.Itwastough. B.Itwasinteresting. C.Itwassuccessful.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?‎ A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnWednesday.‎ ‎7.WhatwillMaxdonext?‎ A.Flyakite. B.Readamagazine. C.Dohishomework.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?‎ A.Goingtoaconcert. B.Watchingamovie. C.Playingacomputergame.‎ ‎9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?‎ A.VisitMike. B.Goboating. C.Takeawalk.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?‎ A.Red. B.Green. C.Blue.‎ ‎11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?‎ A.Toeattheminasafeplace. ‎ B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills. ‎ C.Tomaketheirownershappy.‎ ‎12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?‎ A.Grateful. B.Humorous. C.Curious.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13.WhoisMacy?‎ A.Ed’smother. B.Ed’steacher. C.Ed’sfriend.‎ ‎14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?‎ A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bybus.‎ ‎15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?‎ A.Tellingstories. B.Singingsongs. C.Playingwithothers.‎ ‎16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?‎ A.He’sclever. B.He’squiet. C.He’sbrave.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?‎ A.Five. B.Six. C.Nine.‎ ‎18.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?‎ A.Toworkforadanceschool.‎ B.Toperformatadancetheater.‎ C.Tolearncontemporarydance.‎ ‎19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?‎ A.Shewastoooldtodance.‎ B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.‎ C.Shelostinterestinit.‎ ‎20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?‎ A.She’spleased. B.She’sregretful. C.She’supset.‎ 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A SummerActivities Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild’schoices.‎ Activity Description Memberofstaff Cost OutdoorAdventure(OUT)‎ Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.‎ Mr.Clemens ‎￡140 ‎ WWIBattlefields andParis ‎(WBP)‎ OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights. ‎ Mrs.Wilson ‎￡425‎ Crafty Mrs.Goode ‎￡30‎ Foxes ‎(CRF)‎ Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.‎ PottyaboutPotter ‎(POT)‎ VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford’sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.‎ MissDrake ‎￡150‎ ‎21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?‎ A.OUT. B.WBP. C.CRF. D.POT.‎ ‎22.What?will?the?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson?‎ A.Travel?to?London.?? B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.‎ C.Tour?central?Paris. D.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.‎ ‎23.How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?last?‎ A.Two?days. B.Four?days. C.Five?days. D.One?week.‎ B ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.‎ Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.‎ Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat＂icecream＂.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.zxxk Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa ‎＂soft-serve＂creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.‎ ‎24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?‎ A.Theycontainprotein. B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.‎ C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste. D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.‎ ‎25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?‎ A.Tomakethemsmellbetter. B.Tokeeptheircolour.‎ C.Tospeeduptheirripening. D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.‎ ‎26.Whatis＂ajuicer＂inthelastparagraph?‎ A.Adessert. B.Adrink.‎ C.Acontainer. D.Amachine.‎ ‎27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?‎ A.Abiologytextbook. B.Ahealthmagazine.‎ C.Aresearchpaper. D.Atravelbrochure.‎ C ‎ Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.‎ Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren’slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.‎ Accordingtothereport’skeyfindings,＂theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.＂‎ ‎ Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2—8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.‎ Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.zxxk Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.‎ Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.‎ ‎28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?‎ A.Children’sreadinghabits. B.Qualityofchildren’sbooks.‎ C.Children’safter-classactivities. D.Parent-childrelationships.‎ ‎29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports＂childrenarereadingalotlessforfun＂?‎ A.Inparagraph2. B.Inparagraph3.‎ C.Inparagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.‎ ‎30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?‎ A.E-booksareofpoorquality. B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.‎ C.Itmayharmchildren’shealth. D.E-readersareexpensive.‎ ‎31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?‎ A.Actasrolemodelsforthem. B.Askthemtowritebookreports.‎ C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem. D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.‎ D We’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.‎ What’stheproblem?It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.‎ Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.＂Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,＂heexplains.＂Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.＂‎ Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.＂It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,＂saysDunn.＂Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.＂‎ Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.＂Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,＂hesays.zxxk ‎32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?‎ A.Addictiontosmartphones.‎ B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.‎ C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.‎ D.Impatiencewithslowservice.‎ ‎33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?‎ A.Showinggoodmanners. B.Relatingtootherpeople.‎ C.Focusingonatopic. D.Makingbusinessdeals.‎ ‎34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?‎ A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships. B.Itraisespeople’sconfidence.‎ C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk. D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.‎ ‎35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?‎ A.ConversationCounts B.WaysofMakingSmallTalk C.BenefitsofSmallTalk D.UncomfortableSilence 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.‎ l Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37‎ l Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.‎ l ‎39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.‎ l ‎40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.‎ Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.‎ A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.‎ B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.‎ C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.‎ D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.‎ E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.‎ F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.‎ G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He’dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI’d41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.‎ Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak（皮划艇）wasin47.＂Something’snot48!＂ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53.＂What’shisname?＂Iaskedtheinstructor.＂Ben,＂hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!‎ Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome.＂Ijustwanttosaythankyou,＂hesaid.＂You58mylife!＂‎ Istillcan’tbelievewhata59itwas.I’mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.‎ ‎41.A.also B.often C.even D.last ‎42.A.delight B.relief C.anger D.worry ‎43.A.scared B.shocked C.thrilled D.ashamed ‎44.A.talk B.stay C.meet D.settle ‎45.A.bathed B.clean C.deep D.formed ‎46.A.faster B.closer C.heavier D.wiser ‎47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle ‎48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit ‎49.A.stared B.sank C.dived D.fell ‎50.A.arguing B.fighting C.shouting D.shaking ‎51.A.lead B.persuade C.carry D.keep ‎52.A.happened B.occurred C.applied D.appealed ‎53.A.sharp B.pleasant C.attractive D.familiar ‎54.A.agreed B.hesitated C.doubted D.knew ‎55.A.Fortunately B.Frankly C.Sadly D.Suddenly ‎56.A.return B.relax C.speak D.leave ‎57.A.joked B.turned C.listened D.pointed ‎58.A.created B.honored C.saved D.guided ‎59.A.coincidence B.change C.pity D.pain ‎60.A.onboard B.intime C.forsure D.onpurpose 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.‎ Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice ‎64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.zxxk AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizens＂offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.＂saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.‎ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ 你受学生会委托为校宣传栏＂英语天地＂写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片GrowingTogether，内容包括：‎ ‎1.短片内容：学校的发展；‎ ‎2.放映时间、地点；‎ ‎3.欢迎对短片提出意见。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语试题参考答案 第一部分听力 ‎1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C ‎6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C ‎11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C ‎16.A 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A 第二部分阅读理解 ‎21.A 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B ‎26.D 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.C ‎31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.C ‎36.G 37.E 38.F 39.B 40.A 第三部分语言知识运用 ‎41.D 42.A 43.C 44.C 45.A ‎46.B 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.D ‎51.C 52.B 53.D 54.D 55.A ‎56.D 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.B ‎61.hasgrown 62.the 63.actually 64.toimprove 65.than ‎66.pollution 67.global 68.started 69.that/which 70.feeding 第四部分写作 第一节 WhenIwaslittle,nightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallinthesittingroom.Askid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtothem,myparentswouldnotletme.Theywouldsaytothatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmeIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.‎ 第二节（略）‎