高考英语一轮复习 模块

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高考英语一轮复习 模块

Unit 2 Fit for life 一、重点词汇 熟记下列单词 chew v.咀嚼,嚼碎;咬,啃 applaud v.鼓掌;称赞,赞许 circulate v.循环;传播,散布;传递,传阅 needle. n.针,针头;指针 ‎ operating theatre n.手术室 life-saving adj.救命的,救生的 cupboard n.橱柜;食物柜;衣柜 counter n.柜台;计数器;反驳 tablet n.药片;丸;牌,匾,碑 best-selling adj.畅销的 vital adj.对……极重要的,必不可少的 heart attack n.心脏病发作 surgeon n.外科医师 blood sugar n.血糖 abnormal adj.不正常的,反常的 mass production n.批量生产 symptom n.症状;征兆 outcome n.结果,后果 dull adj.钝的,不锋利的;迟钝的 pressure point n.压觉点、止血点 sword n.剑,刀 stainless steel n.不锈钢 sharp adj.锋利的;急剧的;灵敏的 complex adj.复杂的,难懂的 pulse n.脉,脉搏;脉冲 heartbeat n.心跳 wrist n.手腕,腕关节 organ n.器官;管风琴,风琴 alcoholic n.酒鬼 theory n.理论,学说 acid n.酸,酸性物质 adj. 酸的,酸性的,酸味的,尖酸的 potential n.可能性,潜在性;潜力,潜能 adj.潜在的,可能的 词性(词形)变化 sickness n.疾病;恶心,呕吐→sick adj.生病的;恶心的,呕吐的 bleed v.流血,失血→blood n. 血 ‎ phenomenon n. 现象→phenomena (复数形式)‎ beneficial adj.有益的,有用的→benefit n. 利益,好处 v. 有助于,受益 possess v.拥有,具有→possession n. [C,常用复数]所有物;财产[U]具有,拥有 astonish v.使十分惊讶,使吃惊→astonished adj.吃惊的→astonishing adj.令人吃惊的 ‎→astonishment n. 惊讶,吃惊 application n. 应用,运用;申请,申请表;涂抹,外敷→apply vi.申请 vt.应用;涂,敷 ‎→applicant n. 申请人 effective adj.有效的;实际的,事实上的;生效的→effect n. 结果,效果 approval n. 批准,通过;赞成,同意→approve vt.批准,同意 vi.赞成 reasonable adj.合理的,有理由的;公道的;明智的→reason n. 理由 arrangement n. 排列,布置;安排;约定,协议→arrange v. 安排,筹划;整理,排列,布置 addicted adj.上瘾;入迷→addict vt.使沉溺,使上瘾 n. 入迷的人,有瘾的人 ‎→addiction n. 沉溺;上瘾;入迷→addictive adj.使人上瘾的 relate v.联系,把……联系起来;叙述,讲述→related adj.有关的,相联系的 ‎→relation n. 联系,关联,关系;亲戚,亲属;亲戚关系,亲属关系 ‎→relative adj. 相关的;相对的;相互有关的;比较而言的 n.亲属,亲戚;相关物;亲缘植物(或动物)‎ subscribe v. 定期订购或订阅→subscriber n. 订阅者;订购者;捐助者 ‎→subscription n. 订阅,订购;捐助;签字,签署 chemist药剂师,药商;化学家→chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的 revolution n.巨变,大变革;革命→revolutionary adj. 革命的,革命性的,创新的 n. 革命者,革新者 accelerate v. (使)加速→acceleration n.加速,(物理)加速度 ‎ unable adj.不能,无法→able adj.能,能够→disable v. 使无能力,使残废,使伤残,使无资格,使不中用 短语 英语 汉语意义 英语 汉语意义 in large quantities 大量地 ‎ in place of 代替 ‎ try out 测试,试验;参加选拔 be addicted to 对……上隐,痴迷 let out 放出,发出 take measures 采取措施 look around ‎ 环顾 ‎ burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 turn up ‎ 出现,到场,开大(声音) ‎ be beneficial to ‎ 对……有益 fill in ‎ 填写 in …form / in the form of ‎ 以……形式 split up ‎ 分开,分离 carry out ‎ 执行,进行 a handful of ‎ 少数的,少量的 manage to do sth. ‎ 设法做成某件事 ‎ be cautious about 对……小心谨慎 fade away 逐渐消失 subscribe to 同意,赞成 come up with ‎ 提出 ‎ open up 打开;开拍 wear sb. out ‎ 使筋疲力尽;使厌烦 ‎ focus on ‎ 集中于 ‎ make out ‎ 分辨出;弄明白 ‎ pick out 认出,辨别出,精心挑选 be aware of 知道;意识到 含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)‎ ‎1.【教材原句】Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.(P18) 自这两种药被发明以来,它们已挽救了数百万人的性命,并已证实对人类有益。‎ ‎2.【教材原句】Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.(P18)将近3500年前,人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶,以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。‎ ‎3.【教材原句】Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(P18)结果证明是阿司匹林不仅对退烧和镇痛极为重要,而且对其他病症也有辅助作用。‎ ‎4.【教材原句】Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. (P18) 美国医生劳伦斯·克雷文在1953年提出一个观点,即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险,因为它能改善血液循环。‎ ‎5.【教材原句】It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead,which meant that the mould ‎ had killed them.(P19)令他十分惊讶的是,他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了,这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。‎ ‎6. 【教材原句】He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria. (P19) 他立刻意识到这种霉或许能用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。‎ ‎7.【教材原句】Since the new drug was needed for World War Ⅱ,the government approval process for ‎ penicillin was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944.(P19)因为二战期间需要这种新药,所以政府审批青霉素的程序加快,并于1944年开始批量生产。‎ ‎8.【教材原句】adjusting lighting arrangements(P27)调整照明设施 ‎9.【教材原句】The main needle now used for acupuncture is fine and sharp. (P30)‎ 如今,用于针刺疗法的主针细而锋利。‎ ‎10.【教材原句】Some people have also used acupuncture to treat smokers, alcoholics and people who are addicted to drugs. (P31) 有些人也用针刺疗法来治疗吸烟者、酗酒者以及对毒品上瘾的人。‎ ‎11.【教材原句】Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.(P33)另一种理论则将针灸和人体内减少疼痛的化学物质的生成联系起来。‎ ‎12.【教材原句】Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. (P19)弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验,发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。‎ ‎13.【教材原句】Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during the war. (P19)‎ ‎ 正因为青霉素的广泛应用,战争期间的很多生命得以挽救。‎ ‎14.【教材原句】Today I feel worn out.(P25)今天我感到筋疲力尽。‎ ‎15.【教材原句】...and a needle like a small sword,used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up...(P30)形似小剑的针,用于将液体从身体的肿胀部位导出……‎ ‎16.【教材原句】A lot of people now subscribe to these theories. (P31)很多人现在都认同这些理论。‎ 二、经典句型 考点-1.if省略句 ‎【教材原句】Have you ever seen a doctor?If so, what happened?(P17)‎ 你曾经看过医生吗?如果看过的话,发生了什么事?‎ ‎ ‎ 考点-3. prove用作连系动词时的句型 ‎【教材原句】Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.(P18)自这两种药被发明以来,它们已挽救了数百万人的性命,并已证实对人类有益。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 三、语法自主复习 复习本单元的Grammar and usage:连系动词。‎ 连系动词 连系动词亦称系动词(Linking verb),连系动词本身有词汇意义,但不能单独构成动词词组,它后面必须带有表语(如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、过去分词或从句等)形成所谓“系表结构”。有一些行为动词可以充当半连系动词,后面常接形容词作表语。‎ 一、连系动词的种类 ‎1.状态系动词 这类连系动词表示主语某种状态的持续。常见的有be(是), remain (依然),keep (‎ 保持),stay (保持),lie (处于……状态)等。‎ ‎①她整个晚上都沉默不语,我们为她担心。‎ She remained silent all night, and we all worried about her.‎ ‎②这本书翻开着放在桌子上。‎ The book lay open on the desk.‎ ‎ ③In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.‎ A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck ‎ ‎ ‎2.表象系动词 这类连系动词常见的有seem (似乎是), appear (似乎,显得)等。‎ ‎①在我们的祖父母看来,他的画似乎是荒唐可笑的。‎ In the eyes of our grandparents, his painting seemed absurd.‎ ‎②他看起来也许很傻,但实际上他很聪明。‎ He may appear a fool, but actually he's quite clever.‎ 注意:(1)seem 和appear后可以接to do, to be doing以及to have done的形式,也可用于句型:It seems/appears that +主语+其他。‎ 他好像做了很多实验。‎ He seems to have carried out plenty of experiments.‎ ‎(=It seems that he has carried out plenty of experiments.)‎ ‎(2)seem后还可以接as if/as though引导的表语从句。根据语境的不同,从句可用陈述语气或虚拟语气。‎ ‎①他好像对新工作又失去了兴趣。‎ It seems as if he has lost interest in his new job again.‎ ‎②好像已经是春天了。‎ It seems as if it were spring already.‎ ‎ (3)seem不能用于进行时;appear还可以用作实义动词,有各种时态的变化。‎ ‎①Look at the pride on Tom's face. He ______to have been praised by the manager just now.‎ A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed ‎ ‎ D. is seeming ‎ ‎ ‎②The great chance he has been looking forward to ________at last A. appear B. Appearing C. Has appeared D. appeared ‎ ‎ ‎3.感官系动词 这类连系动词是与五种感觉器官相关的动词。常见的有look(看起来),feel (摸上去),smell (闻起来),taste (尝起来),sound (听起来)等。‎ ‎①What he says sounds reasonable.‎ 他的话听起来有道理。‎ ‎②This kind of cloth feels very soft.‎ 这种布手感很软。‎ ‎③Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what ________ nice.‎ A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes ‎ ‎ ‎4.变化系动词 这类连系动词表示主语从一种状态进入另一种状态。常见的有become, turn, grow, go, come, fall, get等。‎ ‎①我们的国家变得越来越强大了。‎ Our state is getting/becoming stronger and stronger.‎ ‎②机器出故障了,找人修修吧。‎ The machine went wrong. Let's have it repaired.‎ ‎③天气变得寒冷多风。‎ The weather has turned cold and windy.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 注意:①turn 后接表示职业的单数可数名词作表语时 名词前一般不用冠词, 但若该名词前有形容词修饰时,名词前一般不用冠词;但若该名词前有形容词修饰时,则需要加冠词。‎ 这位年轻的工人成了一名作家。‎ The young worker has turned writer.‎ 她成了一名成功的歌手。‎ She has turned a successful singer. ②go常指情况往坏处转变,后多接贬义词。come 一般指“好”的变化 这肉变味了。‎ The meat has gone bad. ‎ 她的梦想实现了。‎ Her dream has come true. ‎ ‎ ‎ 二、使用系动词时应注意的问题 ‎1.有些系动词与表语已成固定搭配。‎ fall asleep入睡 fall ill生病 go mad发疯 go hungry挨饿 come true变成现实,实现 keep silent/calm保持沉默/保持安静 keep/stay calm保持镇定/冷静,保持安静 keep still 保持静止不动 lie awake睡不着 stand still 站着不动 ‎①Attention, please! And keep ________ when I am taking a photograph of you.‎ A. still B. calm C. quiet D. silent ‎ ‎ ‎②Don’t eat the food that has gone bad, otherwise you will _______.‎ A. fall ill B. fall silent C. fall asleep D. fall in love ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎③If you make every effort, your dream will ________, and this ________ all the people.‎ A. be come true; is true to B. come true; is true of C. realize; is true for D. be realized; is true to ‎ ‎ ‎④Emergency line operators must always _______calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.‎ A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay ‎ ‎ ‎2.少数系动词feel, get, become, grow等可用于进行时态,表示“渐渐”之意或表示一种感情色彩。‎ 冬天来了,天越来越冷了。‎ Winter is coming, and it is getting/becoming colder and colder.‎ 你现在好点了吗?‎ Are you feeling better now?‎ ‎3.所有连系动词都没有被动语态。‎ ‎________ so delicious, the food was sold out soon.‎ A. Tasted B. Tasting C. Having been tasted D. Being tasted ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎
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