北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练6及答案

北京市密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练6及答案

密云区2019高考英语阅读理解系列训练（6）及答案 社会生活类--- [201*·山东卷] ‎ San Francisco‎ has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark. ‎ ‎ The Nutty‎ Narrows ‎Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars. ‎ ‎ The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park‎ ‎Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. ‎ ‎ One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会). The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge “Nutty‎ ‎Narrows. ”‎ ‎ After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose (消防水带). It cost $1,000. ‎ ‎ It didn't take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching_them_the_ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty‎ ‎Narrows became known in newspapers all over the world. ‎ ‎ In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the wornout bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge. ‎ ‎ Peters died in 1984, and a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.‎ ‎67. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to ________. ‎ A. offer squirrels a place to eat nuts B. set up a local landmark C. help improve traffic D. protect squirrels ‎68. What happened over the coffee break discussion?‎ A. The committee got the Council's blessing.‎ B. The squirrel bridge idea was born.‎ C. A councilwoman named the bridge.‎ D. A squirrel was found dead. ‎ ‎69. What does the underlined phrase “teaching them the ropes” probably mean in the text?‎ A. Passing them a rope. ‎ B. Directing them to store food for winter.‎ C. Teaching them a lesson. ‎ D. Showing them how to use the bridge. ‎ ‎70. Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?‎ A. It was replaced by a longer one. ‎ B. It was built from wood and metal.‎ C. It was rebuilt after years of use. ‎ D. It was designed by Bill Hutch. ‎ ‎71. What can we learn about Amos Peters?‎ A. He is remembered for his love of animals.‎ B. He donated $1,000 to build the bridge.‎ C. He was a member of the City Council.‎ D. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge. ‎ ‎【要点综述】文章主要讲述了Amos Peters观察到松鼠在觅食时遇到交通带来的危险，他还看到一只死了的松鼠嘴里还含着食物，他设想要为松鼠们设计一个能保证它们安全的桥。后来通过努力这个桥终于设计成功，并为世界所知，引起国际的关注，成为当地的一道风景。‎ ‎67. D　细节理解题。 第二段的“… to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.”看出建这座桥是为了保证松鼠的安全。故选D。‎ ‎68. B　推理判断题。题干关键词为“coffee break discussion”。由第四段“and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council.”可以看出在此期间，建松鼠桥的想法产生了。故选B。‎ ‎69. D　词义猜测题。根据本句的“Squirrels were even seen guiding their young”看出，是教小松鼠如何使用这个桥。故选D。‎ ‎70. C　细节理解题。倒数第二段的“Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced”看出数年之后，这座桥得到了重修。故选C。‎ ‎71. A　推理判断题。从最后一段的Peters died in 1984, and a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.看出，人们在桥附近修建雕像来纪念Amos Peters对动物的这份爱心。故选A。‎ ‎**********************************************************结束 ‎（201*·福建卷）‎ The internet will open up new vistas (前景),creat the global village- -you can make new friends all around the world. That,at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that ‎ It did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationship than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the internet tries to put You in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.‎ The problem is twofold（双重的）. First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hole in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入） in then. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline （减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.‎ This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to more to the other side of the world.‎ In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isn’t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually.‎ ‎72. What is stressed in the first paragraph?‎ A. The present situation of the internet.‎ B. The difficulty in communication on the internet.‎ C. The socially valuable function of the internet.‎ D. The role of the human mind in the internet communication.‎ ‎73. The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “____”.‎ A. appointment B. connection C. interview D. agreement ‎74. According to the passenger, the author holds the view that____.‎ A. the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised B. the internet determines the quality of social relationships C. the internet greatly increases the size of social circles D. the internet communication is no less effective than the ‎ face-to-face talk ‎75. What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?‎ A. He is uncertain about it. B. He is hopeful of it.‎ C. He approves of it. D. He doubts it.‎ ‎【答案】DBAD ‎******************************************************结束 Passage 1 is from the introduction to a Zen Buddhist (禅宗的佛教僧侣) manual on the art of “mindfulness”, the practice of paying close attention to the present moment. Passage 2 is from an essay by a United States author.‎ Passage 1‎ Every morning, when we wake up, we have 24 brand-new hours to live. What a precious gift! We have the capacity to live in a way that these 24 hours will bring peace, joy, and happiness to ourselves and to others.‎ Peace is right here and now, in ourselves and in everything we do and see. The question is whether or not we are in touch with it. We don’t have to travel far away to enjoy the blue sky. We don’t have to leave our city or even our neighborhood to enjoy the eyes of a beautiful child. Even the air we breathe can be a source of joy.‎ We can smile, breathe, walk, and eat our meals in a way that allows us to be in touch with the abundance of happiness that is available. We are very good at preparing how to live, but not very good at living. We know how to sacrifice ten years for a diploma, and we are willing to work very hard to get a job, a car, a house, and so on. But we have difficulty remembering that we are alive in the present moment, the only moment there is for us to be alive. Every breath we take, every step we make, can be filled with joy, peace, and serenity. We need only to be awake, alive in the present moment.‎ Passage 2‎ The argument of both the hedonist (享乐主义者) and the guru (印度教的宗师) is that we were but to open ourselves to the richness of the moment, to concentrate on the feast before us, we would ‎ be filled with bliss. I have lived in the present from time to time and can tell you that it is much overrated. Occasionally, as a holiday from stroking one’s memories or brooding (担忧) about future worries, I grant you, it can be a nice change of pace. But to “be here now,” hour after hour, would never work. I don’t even approve of stories written in the present tense. Ads for poets who never use a past participate, they deserve the eternity they are striving for. ‎ Besides, the present has a way of intruding whether you like it or not. Why should I go out of my way to meet it? Let it splash on me from time to time, like a car going through a puddle, and I, on the sidewalk of my solitude (孤独), will salute it grimly like any other modern inconvenience.‎ If I attend a concert, obviously not to listen to the music but to find a brief breathing space in which to meditate on the past and future. I realize that there may be moments when the music invades my ears and I am forced to pay attention to it, note for note. I believe I take such intrusions gracefully. The present is not always an unwelcome guest, so long as it doesn’t stay too long and cut into my remembering or brooding time.‎ ‎10．The author of Passage 1 would most likely view the author of Passage 2 as _______.‎ A. attaching too much importance to the views of others B. advocating an action without considering the consequences C. squandering (浪费) a precious opportunity on a daily basis D. failing to respect the feelings of other people ‎11. The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond to the “argument” (line 1 Passage 2) with_______. ‎ ‎ A. complete agreement B. partial acceptance ‎ C. absolute neutrality D. surprised disbelief ‎12. In Passage 1 line 11, the list (“a job…house”) presents things that most people ________.‎ A. assume they will eventually obtain B. eventually realize are overrated C. are unwilling to make sacrifices for D. see as worth much effort to acquire ‎13. In Passage 2 lines 8—10, the “present” is characterized as _________.‎ A. a dangerous threat B. an unsolvable puzzle C. an unavoidable imposition (强加) D. a burdensome obligation ‎14. Which of the following phrases from Passage 2 would the author of Passage 1 most likely choose as a title for Passage 1?‎ A. “the hedonist and the guru” (line 1) B. “the feast before us” (line 2)‎ C. “a brief breathing space” (line 11) D. “an unwelcome guest” (line 14)‎ 参考答案 10-14 CADCB ‎ ‎***********************************************************结束 Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists(考古学家)learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don’t break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.‎ ‎　　It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.[来源:1]‎ ‎　　In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly—buy it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man’s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!‎ ‎　　Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man’s skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.‎ ‎　　How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in this life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn’t died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.‎ ‎5. Which language does the word “archaeology” come from?‎ ‎　 A. French. B. Greek C. Roman. D. German。‎ ‎6. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to _____.‎ ‎　 A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects ‎7. Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?‎ ‎　 A. Ice and low temperature B. Bacteria and oxygen ‎ ‎　 C. Soil and energy D. Acid and water ‎ ‎8. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ ‎　 A. “Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]‎ ‎　 B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.‎ ‎　 C. “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.‎ ‎　 D. “Lindow Man” was good at manual work.‎ ‎9. Which is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎　 A. What Is Archaeology?‎ ‎　 B. Archaeology and History ‎　 C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery ‎　 D. The Death of “Lindow Man”‎ ‎5. B。从文章第一句可以知道，archaeology这个词来自希腊语。[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]‎ ‎6. D。从第一段的最后一句可知，these指的是比较坚硬、不太会损坏或消失的物体，比如人骨或用石头、金属等制作的物品。‎ ‎7. D。第四段的2、3两句指出了水和酸在保存Lindow man过程中起了很大作用。‎ ‎8. B。Lindow man的发现印证了第一段中作者提出的这一观点。‎ ‎9. C。本文主要篇幅讲述了一个具体的考古发现。‎ ‎*********************************************************结束 ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎（A）‎ It is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies．But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not．‎ In Kenya, researchers found that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups．Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants．‎ In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man．When the elephants detected the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they detected the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all．‎ Garment color also plays a role, though in a different way．In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men．Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing]‎ The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sights．Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is ‎ nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide．Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low．Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive．‎ ‎1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Kamba and Maasai people? ‎ ‎ A．Maasai people are a threat to elephants． [来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎ B．Kamba people raise elephants for farming．‎ ‎ C．Both Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters．‎ ‎ D．Both Kamba and Maasai people traditionally wear red clothing．‎ ‎2．How did the elephants react to smell in the study? ‎ ‎ A．They attacked a man with the smell of new clothing．‎ ‎ B．They needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar．‎ ‎ C．They became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented clothing．‎ ‎ D．They were frightened and ran away when they smelled their enemies．‎ ‎3．What is the main idea of this passage? ‎ ‎ A．Elephants use sight and smell to detect danger．‎ ‎ B．Elephants attack people who wear red clothing．‎ ‎ C．Scientists are now able to control elephants’ emotions． ‎ ‎ D．Some Kenyan tribes understand elephants’ emotions very well．‎ ‎4．What can be inferred about the elephant’s behavior from this passage? ‎ ‎ A．Elephants learn from their experiences．‎ ‎ B．Elephants have sharper sense of smell than sight．‎ ‎ C．Elephants are more intelligent than other animals]‎ ‎ D．Elephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger．‎ 参考答案 （A） ADAA ‎ ‎**********************************************************结束[来源:学。科。网]‎