上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷

上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷

‎2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷 I. Listening Comprehension （略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%‎ ‎1．（10分）‎ The Best Book I've Ever Read ‎ Frankly， I have read nearly all of the great works of literature， but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly （1）　 　 Joel Stein's Man Made： A Stupid Quest for Masendinity．‎ ‎ Haven't we all， on some level， been Jewish boys in New Jersey in （2）　 　 1970s with only female friends， an Easy﹣Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes？ Haven't we all had a panic attack （3）　 　 learning we're going to have a son， since that means we're going to have to figure out how to throw footballs， watch other people throw footballs and decide （4）　 　 to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing？ Haven't we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man， fighting fires with firefighters， （5）　 　 （drive） a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp？ I know I have．‎ ‎ The only parts I didn't fully enjoy were （26）　 　 in which the author suffered horribly． After just three hours of training camp， he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier． The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox， and I hope it gets （27）　 　 （turn） into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role， since they remind me so much of each other．‎ ‎ （8）　 　 this is only Stein's first book， I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris， Dave Barry， James Thurber， Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln． I （9）　 　 （recommend） Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again． My one fear is （10）　 　 after this great achievement， Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times．‎ II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎2．（10分）‎ A． generated B． furniture C． fame D． resulting E． suggestions F． developed G． eventually H． completed I． fixed J． commercial K． softly The Father of JD Printing ‎ About twenty years ago， the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined（连体的） twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation． After a model of the girls' bone structure was （1）　 　 using 3D printing， however， they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully， （2）　 　 in both twins being able to walk． Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems． Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor （3）　 　 31 years after he first printed a small black eye﹣wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing．‎ ‎ At the time， he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and （4）　 　． He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light， he would be able to form three dimensional objects． After a year， he （5）　 　 a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer ﹣ a material which changes from liquid to plastic﹣like solid when light shines on it ﹣ and traces the shape of one level of the object． Subsequent layers are then printed until it is （6）　 　．‎ ‎ After patenting the invention， he set up 3D Systems， （7）　 　 getting ＄6m （£3.5m） from a Canadian investor． The first （8）　 　 product came out in 1988and proved a hit among car manufacturers， in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment． The possibilities appear endless ﹣ from home﹣printed food and medicine to （9）　 　 that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses， there is one moment when the （10）　 　 spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions： For each blank in the following ‎ passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎3．（15分）‎ Words to Turn a Conversation Around ‎ It's not what you say， but it's how you say it ﹣ isn't it？ According to a language expert， we may have this wrong． "We are pushed and pulled around by language far more than we （1）　 　，" says Elizabeth Stoke， professor of social interaction at Loughborough University． Stoke and her colleagues have （2）　 　 thousands of hours of recorded conversations， from customer services to mediation（调解） hotlines and police crisis （3）　 　． They discovered that certain words or phrases have the power to change the course of a conversation．‎ ‎ Some of these words are surprising， and （4）　 　 what we've been taught to believe． For example， in a study of conversations between doctors and patients， evidence showed that doctors who （5）　 　 options rather than recommended best solutions， got a better response， despite the suggestion from hospital guidelines to talk about the best interests of the patient． But， from conversation experts such as Stoke to FBI negotiators and communication coaches， we're learning which words are likely to （6）　 　 or persuade us．‎ ‎ Stoke found that people who had already responded （7）　 　 when asked if they would like to attend mediation seemed to change their minds when the mediator used the phrase． "Would you be willing to come for a meeting？" "As soon as the word ‘willing' was used， people would say： ‘Oh， yes， definitely'﹣they would actually （8）　 　 the sentence to agree．" Stoke found it had the same effect in different settings： with business﹣to﹣business cold callers； with doctors trying to （9）　 　 people to go to a weight﹣loss class． She also looked at phrases such as "Would you like to" and "Would you be interested in"． "Sometimes they （10）　 　， but ‘willing' was the one that got people to agree more rapidly and with more enthusiasm．"‎ ‎ "'Hello' is a really important word that can change the （11）　 　 of a conversation，" Stoke says． "It's about how you respond to people who are what we call ‘first movers' ﹣ people who say something really （12）　 　，" "It might be the work colleagues who are ‎ extremely angry to your desk with a complaint or the neighbor who （13）　 　 rude words about parking as you're putting out the bins．" "What do you do with that person？ Rather than respond in the same manner， saying something nice， such as a very bright ‘Hello!'， socializes that other person a little bit．" Use it when you want to resist getting into a （14）　 　． "You have to be careful not to sound too passive﹣aggressive，" Stoke says， "but just one friendly word in a bright tone can delete the （15）　 　 of the conversation．"‎ ‎（1）A． suggest B． realize C． imply D． emphasize ‎（2）A． analyzed B． addressed C． simplified D． discovered ‎（3）A． instructions B． revolutions C． associations D． negotiations ‎（4）A． get into B． turn away C． go against D． insist on ‎（5）A． pointed B． inspired C． motivated D． listed ‎（6）A． comfort B． defend C． support D． protect ‎（7）A． actively B． positively C． negatively D． passively ‎（8）A． finish B． reject C． refuse D． interrupt ‎（9）A． persuade B． stimulate C． force D． tempt ‎（10）A． interacted B． worked C． responded D． initiated ‎（11）A． approach B． course C． evolution D． pattern ‎（12）A． impractical B． unimaginative C． critical D． illogical ‎（13）A． keeps back B． answers for C． agrees on D． launches into ‎（14）A． conflict B． disaster C． strike D． damage ‎（15）A． challenge B． debate C． worry D． silence Section B （22分）Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎4．（8分）Last summer， bird﹣watchers confirmed the discovery of a new species of bird in ‎ Cambodia was not an event of particular biological significance， but it was striking for one reason in part． This species of bird was discovered not in an unspoiled rain forest but within the limits Cambodia's capital， Phnom Penh ﹣ a city the size of Philadelphia．‎ ‎ What the researchers found was surprising in cities． The medium﹣sized city in the state about 110 species of birds， over 95 percent of which would have been growing there urbanization． Ecologically speaking， cities are different， concrete buildings． Rather， each unique bio﹣profile ﹣ a kind of ecological fingerprint ﹣ that is against the idea of an environment dead zone．‎ ‎ Of course， it's also true that in the world of birds and plants， as in human society， there is such a thing as worldwide﹣the city﹣inhabitants who feel equally at home in San Francisco， Milan and Beijing． Four birds occur in more than 80 percent of the cities studied， and 11 plants occurred in more than 90 percent of the cities． On the plant side， those are seemingly spread by European settlement． In the air， it's the usual suspects： the rock pigeon and many other birds．"They have become completely adapted to urban life，"Katti says．"That's not much of surprise． But they don't actually dominate as much as we think they do．"Those species﹣occurring in the cities across the globe﹣represent only a small part of a city's natural varieties．‎ ‎ Not all cities are equal protectors of native animals and plants， though． One of the biggest predictors for a city's biodiversity is its urban design． Territory as varied as backyards and street trees can lay important roles in greening a city． In fact， the amouht of green space is a stronger predictor of the density of biodiversity than a city's size． A metropolis with a sizable network of parks can contain more species per square mile than a much smaller city．‎ ‎ In a world where architecture， food， language， fashion and commerce are increasingly globalized， a city's native animals and plants can be a kind of identity． There may be neighborhoods in London and Paris that resemble Singapore or Hong Kong． Cities are becoming similar， but their natural environments stand completely apart．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， what do you think of Phnom Penh， Cambodia's capital？　 　‎ A． It is full of various rare plants and animals．‎ B． Its birds' population is larger than that of San Francisco．‎ C． It's as big as Philadelphia in terms of area．‎ D． It is on an equal footing with Beijing and Milan．‎ ‎（2）Which of the following statements is NOT the same as the author's idea？　 　‎ A． From a biological point new changes happen every day．‎ B． From an environmental point the daily changes aren't obvious enough．‎ C． Each city has different characteristics in terms of ecological development．‎ D． Different species of creatures are born in different cities．‎ ‎（3）Some plants are found in many cities in the world， which seems to be a result of　 　．‎ A． natural selection B． globalization C． urban development D． colonization ‎（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？　 　‎ A． What Surprising Cities! The Medium﹣sized City Has Various Species of Birds!‎ B． The Power of Plants and Animals! The Charm of All the Cities!‎ C． The Cities Are Concrete Jungles! Never Think about Them the Same Way Again!‎ D． More Species Per Square Mile! The Amount of Green Space Is a Stronger Predictor!‎ ‎5．（6分）‎ Please Choose Cloud Services ‎ may be unsure， or you do not know where to begin． Trying every Cloud service would take a lot of time and work． But， the website Reviews．com might help．‎ ‎ One valuable feature is the protection of digital files， including photos， videos， documents， music and more． If the worst happens and your computer crashes， or gets lost or damaged， your files can still found in the Cloud．‎ ‎ Cloud services let you access your files from almost anywhere． No need to worry about a ‎ file stored on your computer when you are away from your desk． If you have an Internet connection， you can open your files from any computer， or from a phone， when they are stored using a Cloud service．‎ ‎ Using a Cloud service makes sharing files easier． If you send documents to a group using emails， you may then wonder which version everyone is working with． When sharing files using a Cloud service， everyone will see the same document and the latest version．‎ ‎ The first thing to consider is the amount of storage space you need． Check how much space you are currently using on your computer and mobile devices． If your computer or phone is filled with photos and you have little free space， you may want to move your photos to the Cloud． Some Cloud services are free． But， if you need a lot of space， you will probably need one that costs money．‎ ‎ Even if everyone you have ever met is a Windows user， you still probably want a Cloud service that works with many platforms． You might become friends with an Android user or start a job with a company that computers on Apple!‎ ‎（1）Which of the following is true according to the passage？　 　‎ A． Google﹣Drive users can obtain 100GB for free．‎ B． Most Cloud services can send files to both the Cloud and the local computer．‎ C． It's hard to transfer your file when you turn on the computer if it is stored in the Cloud．‎ D． Never worry about finding your files in the Clouds if the computer system crashes．‎ ‎（2）What will you have to do if you need more space to store more files in the Cloud？　 　‎ A． To use your own Cloud services．‎ B． To share Cloud space with others．‎ C． To spend money buying space．‎ D． To buy the latest version of the service．‎ ‎（3）How can consumers find the Cloud service that suits them best？　 　‎ A． By learning more information about the space occupied by files．‎ B． By comparing Cloud's function， storage， available space and prices．‎ C． By sending files to a group of people via e﹣mail inquiring about the Cloud service．‎ D． By making friends with Android users who use Apple computers．‎ ‎6．（8分）‎ Is Paperless Office Really Paperless？‎ ‎ A rising economy increased paper sales by 6 yo 7 percent each year in the early to mid﹣1990s， and the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge anything and everything． In 2004， Ms Dunn， a communications supplies director， said that plain white office paper would see less than a 4percent growth rate， a primary reason for which is that some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices．‎ ‎ For office innovators， the dream of paperless office is an example of high﹣tech arrogance（傲慢）． Today's office service is overwhelmed By more newspapers than ever before． After decades of development， the American government can finally get rid of the madness on paper． In the past， the demand for paper has been far ahead of growth in the American economy， but the sales have slowed markedly over the past two to three years， despite the good economic conditions．‎ ‎ "Old habits are hard to break，"says Ms． Dunn．"There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work． Those funcitons are both its strength and its weakness．"Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems． Escaping our craving for paper， however， will be anything but an easy affair．‎ ‎ "We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace，"says John Maine， vice president of a paper economic consulting firm．"More information is being transmitted electronically， and an increasing number of people are satisfied that information exists only in electronic form without printing multiple backups．"‎ ‎ To reduce paper use， some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities． For example， Xerox is developing electronic paper： thin digital displays that respond to a stylus， like a pen on paper． Marks can be erased or saved digitally． Even with such technological advances， the increasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper．‎ ‎ "The information industry today is composed of a thin paper crust surrounding an electronic core，"Mr． Saffo wrote． The growing paper crust is most noticeable， but the ‎ hidden electronic core is far larger and growing more rapidly． The result is that we are becoming paperless， but we hardly notice at all．"That's one of the greatest ironies of the information age，"Saffo says．"It's just common sense that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer， it inevitably leads to a face﹣to﹣face meeting． The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet．"‎ ‎（1）Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for the slowdown in American paper sales？　 　‎ A． Workforce with better computer skills．‎ B． Slow growth of the U．S． economy．‎ C． Changing patterns in paper use．‎ D． Changing employment trends．‎ ‎（2）What does the last sentence in Para 3 mean？　 　‎ A． We have to look at paper consumption from different angles．‎ B． There is little chance that paper consumption will fall in the digital age．‎ C． Paper consumption will be greatly reduced in the digital age．‎ D． People are no longer so addicted to paper in the digital age．‎ ‎（3）The innovations from Xerox and other companies feature　 　．‎ A． the intergration of digital technology with traditional paper B． the chance from traditional paper to digital technology C． the combination of the use of computer screens and cell phones D． a new type of computer writing and communciation ‎（4）What can we draw from the example of the aviation industry in the last paragraph？　 　‎ A． The dream of the paperless office will be realized some day．‎ B． People usually prefer to have face﹣to﹣face meetings instead of using computers．‎ C． More digital data use leads to greater paper use in the digital time．‎ D． Some people are no longer opposed to video﹣conferencing．‎ Section C Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎7．（8分）‎ A． There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty．‎ B． Every year thousands of people are horribly killed， and we sit still and let it happen．‎ C． Surprisingly， society should smile at the driver and forgive him．‎ D． Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel， his car becomes an extension of his personality．‎ E． All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned．‎ F． It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life．‎ Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention ‎ We live in a remarkable time， and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with modern medicine and surgery． It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases． Expectations of life have greatly increased． But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before， every day we witness the incredible killing of men， women and children on the roads． Man fights against the motor﹣car． It is a never﹣ending battle which man is losing．（1）　 　‎ ‎ Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions． （2）　 　 There is no doubt that the motor﹣car often brings out a man's very worst qualities． Usually quiet and pleasant people， when they are behind the steering wheel， will become unrecognizable． They are impolite， aggressive， self﹣willed like two﹣year﹣old， completely selfish． All their hidden frustrations， disappointments， and jealousy seem to be caused by driving．‎ ‎ （3）　 　 It's all for his own convenience． Due to a serious tragedy， the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly． The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic， easily forgotten． With regard to driving， the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough．‎ ‎ Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances， and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life． Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents． Governments should develop safety ‎ codes for manufacturers． （4）　 　 These measures may sound cruel． However， if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year， they should certainly not be considered serious． After all， the world belongs to humans， not cars．‎ Ⅳ. Summary Writing. ‎ ‎8．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ All Must Have Degrees ‎ In a classroom in Seoul a group of teenagers sit over their desks in total silence． Study begins at eight in the morning and ends at half past four in the afternoon． And some even go back home at midnight． Like thousands of South Koreans， they are preparing for the important exam， which will largely determine whether they go to a good university or not． Degrees have become useful． Seventy percent of students who graduate from the country's secondary schools now go straight to universities．‎ ‎ Many more countries have seen a big rise in the share of young people with degrees， but South Korea is an extreme case． As technological reforms require workers to do many difficult and demanding jobs that they would not have done before， there seems to be reasonable to insist that more workers receive a good education than before． And a degree is an obvious way for bright youngsters From poor families to prove their abilities． People tend to earn more if they have degrees．‎ ‎ Employers do not have to pay for higher education and they are increasingly able to demand degrees to screen out the least motivated or capable． A recent study by Joseph Fuller and Manjari Romaan of Harvard Business School shows that companies routinely require applicants to have degrees， even though only a minority of those already working in the role have them．‎ ‎ The Economist's analysis found that between 1970 and 2015， the proportion of 256 workers aged 25﹣64 with at least a bachelor's degree increased． Some of them are highly intellectually demanding jobs， such as aviation engineers． Others are non﹣graduate jobs such as waiting tables． Sixteen percent of waiters now have degrees， because probably in most cases they could not find jobs and live poorly． Today， having a degree is usually an ‎ entry requirement．‎ Ⅴ. Translation.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎9．（3分）晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的．（or）　 　‎ ‎10．（4分）事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险．（It）　 　‎ ‎11．（4分）乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆．（create）　 　‎ ‎12．（4分）追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰．（when）　 　‎ Ⅵ. Guided Writing.‎ ‎13．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ ‎2018年11月5日﹣10日，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举行．假设你是明启中学的高三学生卢平，学校英语报向全体高三学生进行征文，题目为"The CIIE in My Eyes"．你有意投稿，撰写一篇文章．稿件内容必须包含：‎ ‎1． 对"新时代，共享未来（New Era， Shared Future）"的理解；‎ ‎2． 首届进博会向世界传递了什么信息？对中国发展有何深远的影响？‎ ‎（中国国际进口博览会：China International Import Expo简称CIIE）‎ ‎2019年上海市普陀区高考英语一模试卷 参考答案与试题解析 I. Listening Comprehension （略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%‎ ‎1．（10分）‎ The Best Book I've Ever Read ‎ Frankly， I have read nearly all of the great works of literature， but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly （1）　as　 Joel Stein's Man Made： A Stupid Quest for Masendinity．‎ ‎ Haven't we all， on some level， been Jewish boys in New Jersey in （2）　the　 1970s with only female friends， an Easy﹣Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes？ Haven't we all had a panic attack （3）　after　 learning we're going to have a son， since that means we're going to have to figure out how to throw footballs， watch other people throw footballs and decide （4）　when　 to be happy or sad about the results of football throwing？ Haven't we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man， fighting fires with firefighters， （5）　driving　 （drive） a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp？ I know I have．‎ ‎ The only parts I didn't fully enjoy were （26）　the time　 in which the author suffered horribly． After just three hours of training camp， he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier． The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox， and I hope it gets （27）　turned　 （turn） into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role， since they remind me so much of each other．‎ ‎ （8）　While　 this is only Stein's first book， I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris， Dave Barry， James Thurber， Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln． I （9）　have recommended　 （recommend） Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again． My one fear is （10）　that　 after this great achievement， Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times．‎ ‎【考点】N6：语法填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】文章中作者推荐了一本书Man Made： A Stupid Quest for ‎ Masendinity，介绍了作者的一系列看法．‎ ‎【解答】1． as．考查连词，as..as结构，和…一样深刻，故填as．‎ ‎2． the．考查冠词，in the 1970s，在20世纪70年代，故填the．‎ ‎3． after．考查介词，在得知我们即将有个儿子之后，故填after．‎ ‎4． when．考查连词，when引导宾语从句，什么时候该开心，什么时候该悲伤，故填when．‎ ‎5． driving．考查非谓语，we与drive是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填driving．‎ ‎6． the time．考查名词，作者很挣扎的那一次，the time做先行词，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填the time．‎ ‎7． turned．考查非谓语，get是系动词，get turned into：被变成，故填turned．‎ ‎8． While．考查连词，虽然这是他的第一本书，故填while引导让步状语从句．‎ ‎9． have recommended． 考查时态，我已经向朋友家人推荐了这本书，故填have recommended．‎ ‎10． that．考查连词，that引导表语从句，我的担心是成功之后，Stein失去作为一名严苛批评家的能力，故填that．‎ ‎【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．‎ II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎2．（10分）‎ A． generated B． furniture C． fame D． resulting E． suggestions F． developed G． eventually H． completed I． fixed J． commercial ‎ ‎ K． softly The Father of JD Printing ‎ About twenty years ago， the surgeons at the Wilford Hull medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined（连体的） twins thought that only one would be able to walk after the operation． After a model of the girls' bone structure was （1）　generated　 using 3D printing， however， they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully， （2）　resulting　 in both twins being able to walk． Now eighty and still working as chief technology officer of 3D Systems． Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor （3）　fame　 31 years after he first printed a small black eye﹣wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing．‎ ‎ At the time， he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and （4）　furniture　． He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light， he would be able to form three dimensional objects． After a year， he （5）　developed　 a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer ﹣ a material which changes from liquid to plastic﹣like solid when light shines on it ﹣ and traces the shape of one level of the object． Subsequent layers are then printed until it is （6）　completed　．‎ ‎ After patenting the invention， he set up 3D Systems， （7）　eventually　 getting ＄6m （£3.5m） from a Canadian investor． The first （8）　commercial　 product came out in 1988and proved a hit among car manufacturers， in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment． The possibilities appear endless ﹣ from home﹣printed food and medicine to （9）　suggestions　 that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded from the Internet Although deliberate in his responses， there is one moment when the （10）　softly　 spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving．‎ ‎【考点】N8：选词填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文主要讲述了3D打印技术的作用、来源和影响．‎ ‎【解答】答案：1﹣5ADCBF 6﹣10HGJEK ‎1．A．考查被动语态．根据句意可知，用三维打印技术制作了一个女孩的骨骼结构模型后，他们发现一个共享的大腿骨比预期的要大，并成功地将其分割开．此处意为"被生产、被制作"，用was generated，故选A．‎ ‎2．D．考查现在分词．根据句意可知，结果两个双胞胎都能走路．现在80岁了，仍然是3D系统的首席技术官．此处应该用现在分词表示结果状语，填resulting ，故选D．‎ ‎3．C．考查名词．根据句意可知，查克•赫尔（ChuckHull）在用一种称为3D打印的新制造方法打印了一个黑色洗眼杯31年后，名声不小．fame名声，故选C．‎ ‎4．B．考查名词．根据句意可知，当时，他在一家公司工作，该公司使用紫外线在桌面和家具上涂上薄薄的一层塑料外套．furniture家具，符合题意，故选B．‎ ‎5．F．考查考查动词．根据句意可知，一年后，他开发了一个系统，将光照进一瓶光聚合物中﹣﹣光照到光聚合物上时，这种材料会从液体变为塑料状固体﹣﹣并追踪物体的一个层面的形状．developed发展、开发，故选F．‎ ‎6．H．考查被动语态．根据句意可知，然后打印后续层，直到完成．be completed被完成，故选H．‎ ‎7．G．考查副词．根据句意可知，在获得发明专利后，他建立了3D系统，最终从加拿大投资者那里获得了600万美元（350万英镑）．eventually最终地，故选G．‎ ‎8．J．考查形容词．根据句意可知，第一款商用产品于1988年问世，在汽车制造商、航空航天部门和医疗设备设计公司中受到了冲击．commercial商业的，故选J．‎ ‎9．E．考查名词复数．根据句意可知，这种可能性似乎是无止境的﹣﹣从家庭印刷的食品和药品到建议人们可以在商店里拍摄物体的照片，然后利用从互联网上下载的计划来重新制作，尽管他的回答是深思熟虑的．suggestions建议，故选E．‎ ‎10．K．考查副词．根据句意可知，有一刻，轻声细语的查克•赫尔讲述了他对自己的创造究竟能够实现什么的惊讶． softly轻轻地，故选K．‎ ‎【点评】根据选项词语，结构文章内容，综合考虑语法和固定搭配，最后选出最佳答案．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎3．（15分）‎ Words to Turn a Conversation Around ‎ It's not what you say， but it's how you say it ﹣ isn't it？ According to a language ‎ expert， we may have this wrong． "We are pushed and pulled around by language far more than we （1）　B　，" says Elizabeth Stoke， professor of social interaction at Loughborough University． Stoke and her colleagues have （2）　A　 thousands of hours of recorded conversations， from customer services to mediation（调解） hotlines and police crisis （3）　D　． They discovered that certain words or phrases have the power to change the course of a conversation．‎ ‎ Some of these words are surprising， and （4）　C　 what we've been taught to believe． For example， in a study of conversations between doctors and patients， evidence showed that doctors who （5）　D　 options rather than recommended best solutions， got a better response， despite the suggestion from hospital guidelines to talk about the best interests of the patient． But， from conversation experts such as Stoke to FBI negotiators and communication coaches， we're learning which words are likely to （6）　A　 or persuade us．‎ ‎ Stoke found that people who had already responded （7）　C　 when asked if they would like to attend mediation seemed to change their minds when the mediator used the phrase． "Would you be willing to come for a meeting？" "As soon as the word ‘willing' was used， people would say： ‘Oh， yes， definitely'﹣they would actually （8）　D　 the sentence to agree．" Stoke found it had the same effect in different settings： with business﹣to﹣business cold callers； with doctors trying to （9）　A　 people to go to a weight﹣loss class． She also looked at phrases such as "Would you like to" and "Would you be interested in"． "Sometimes they （10）　B　， but ‘willing' was the one that got people to agree more rapidly and with more enthusiasm．"‎ ‎ "'Hello' is a really important word that can change the （11）　B　 of a conversation，" Stoke says． "It's about how you respond to people who are what we call ‘first movers' ﹣ people who say something really （12）　C　，" "It might be the work colleagues who are extremely angry to your desk with a complaint or the neighbor who （13）　D　 rude words about parking as you're putting out the bins．" "What do you do with that person？ Rather than respond in the same manner， saying something nice， such as a very bright ‘Hello!'， socializes that other person a little bit．" Use it when you want to resist getting into a （14）　A　． "You have to be careful not to sound too passive﹣aggressive，" Stoke says， "but just ‎ one friendly word in a bright tone can delete the （15）　A　 of the conversation．"‎ ‎（1）A． suggest B． realize C． imply D． emphasize ‎（2）A． analyzed B． addressed C． simplified D． discovered ‎（3）A． instructions B． revolutions C． associations D． negotiations ‎（4）A． get into B． turn away C． go against D． insist on ‎（5）A． pointed B． inspired C． motivated D． listed ‎（6）A． comfort B． defend C． support D． protect ‎（7）A． actively B． positively C． negatively D． passively ‎（8）A． finish B． reject C． refuse D． interrupt ‎（9）A． persuade B． stimulate C． force D． tempt ‎（10）A． interacted B． worked C． responded D． initiated ‎（11）A． approach B． course C． evolution D． pattern ‎（12）A． impractical B． unimaginative C． critical D． illogical ‎（13）A． keeps back B． answers for C． agrees on D． launches into ‎（14）A． conflict B． disaster C． strike D． damage ‎（15）A． challenge B． debate C． worry D． silence ‎【考点】M2：社会文化．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】短文主要讲了使用恰当的话语能使对话的意思完全不一样，证明了使用不同的话语产生的效果不同．‎ ‎【解答】1﹣15 BADCD ACDAB BCDAA ‎1．B．动词的辨析，suggest建议，realize意识，imply暗示，emphasize强调，语言对于我们的说服力比我们意识到得要更深远，故答案为B．‎ ‎2．A．动词的辨析，analyzeed分析，sddressed称呼，simplified简化，discovered发现，Stoke和他的同事分析了几千个小时的对话，故答案为A．‎ ‎3．D．名词的辨析，instructions指示，revolutions革命，associations联系，negotiations协商，分析的对话包括了顾客服务热线以及警察危机协商等，故答案为D．‎ ‎4．C．短语的辨析，get into进入，turn away拒绝，go against违背，insist ‎ on坚持，有些话语是令人惊讶的，并且跟我们一直所认为的是相悖的，故答案为C．‎ ‎5．D．动词的辨析，pointed指向，inspired激励，motivated激发，listed罗列，在一个对医生和病人对话的调查中，那些列出选择而不是建议好的解决方案的医生会有一个更好的回应，故答案为D．‎ ‎6．A．动词的辨析，comfort安慰，defend保卫，support支持，protect保护，我们在学习哪些话语有可能安慰我们，故答案为A．‎ ‎7．C．副词的辨析，actively积极地，positively乐观地，negatively消极地，passively被动地，Stoke发现人们经常会消极地回应，当他们被问是否要进行调解时，故答案为C．‎ ‎8．D．动词的辨析，finish完成，reject结束，refuse拒绝，interrupt打断，当使用到"乐意"这个词时，事实上他们会一听到就同意，故答案为D．‎ ‎9．A．动词的辨析，persuade说服，stimulate刺激，force强迫，tempt引诱，此处指医生试着说服人们去参加一个减肥课程，故答案为A．‎ ‎10．B．动词的辨析，interacted相互作用，worked起作用，responded作出反应，initiated开始，有时候使用前文的这些句子是会起作用的，故答案为B．‎ ‎11．B．名词的辨析，approach方法，course航线，evolution进化，pattern模式，此处指在聊天的过程中使用hello会改变聊天的方向，故答案为B．‎ ‎12．C．形容词的辨析，impractical不实际的，unimaginative难以想象的，critical评判的，illogical没有逻辑的，此处指那些说着很评判性的话语，故答案为C．‎ ‎13．D．短语的辨析，keeps back隐瞒，answers for对…负责，agrees on同意，launches into开始从事，此处指当你面对那些说着粗鲁话语的邻居时，故答案为D．‎ ‎14．A．名词的辨析，根据语境当你面对那些说着粗鲁话语的邻居时，使用hello能避免你进入一场冲突，因此使用conflict，故答案为A．‎ ‎15．A．名词的辨析，challenge挑战，质疑，debate辩论，worry担忧，silence安静，此处指使用友好的话语能消除我们生活中所面对的质疑，故答案为A．‎ ‎【点评】‎ 近几年高考试题中完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以必须要先通读一到两遍，才能大致了解文章内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配，时态以及语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当、意思正确．‎ Section B （22分）Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎4．（8分）Last summer， bird﹣watchers confirmed the discovery of a new species of bird in Cambodia was not an event of particular biological significance， but it was striking for one reason in part． This species of bird was discovered not in an unspoiled rain forest but within the limits Cambodia's capital， Phnom Penh ﹣ a city the size of Philadelphia．‎ ‎ What the researchers found was surprising in cities． The medium﹣sized city in the state about 110 species of birds， over 95 percent of which would have been growing there urbanization． Ecologically speaking， cities are different， concrete buildings． Rather， each unique bio﹣profile ﹣ a kind of ecological fingerprint ﹣ that is against the idea of an environment dead zone．‎ ‎ Of course， it's also true that in the world of birds and plants， as in human society， there is such a thing as worldwide﹣the city﹣inhabitants who feel equally at home in San Francisco， Milan and Beijing． Four birds occur in more than 80 percent of the cities studied， and 11 plants occurred in more than 90 percent of the cities． On the plant side， those are seemingly spread by European settlement． In the air， it's the usual suspects： the rock pigeon and many other birds．"They have become completely adapted to urban life，"Katti says．"That's not much of surprise． But they don't actually dominate as much as we think they do．"Those species﹣occurring in the cities across the globe﹣represent only a small part of a city's natural varieties．‎ ‎ Not all cities are equal protectors of native animals and plants， though． One of the biggest predictors for a city's biodiversity is its urban design． Territory as varied as backyards and street trees can lay important roles in greening a city． In fact， the amouht of green space is a stronger predictor of the density of biodiversity than a city's size． A metropolis with a sizable network of parks can contain more species per square mile than a much smaller city．‎ ‎ In a world where architecture， food， language， fashion and commerce are increasingly globalized， a city's native animals and plants can be a kind of identity． There may be ‎ neighborhoods in London and Paris that resemble Singapore or Hong Kong． Cities are becoming similar， but their natural environments stand completely apart．‎ ‎（1）According to the passage， what do you think of Phnom Penh， Cambodia's capital？　A　‎ A． It is full of various rare plants and animals．‎ B． Its birds' population is larger than that of San Francisco．‎ C． It's as big as Philadelphia in terms of area．‎ D． It is on an equal footing with Beijing and Milan．‎ ‎（2）Which of the following statements is NOT the same as the author's idea？　D　‎ A． From a biological point new changes happen every day．‎ B． From an environmental point the daily changes aren't obvious enough．‎ C． Each city has different characteristics in terms of ecological development．‎ D． Different species of creatures are born in different cities．‎ ‎（3）Some plants are found in many cities in the world， which seems to be a result of　B　．‎ A． natural selection B． globalization C． urban development D． colonization ‎（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？　C　‎ A． What Surprising Cities! The Medium﹣sized City Has Various Species of Birds!‎ B． The Power of Plants and Animals! The Charm of All the Cities!‎ C． The Cities Are Concrete Jungles! Never Think about Them the Same Way Again!‎ D． More Species Per Square Mile! The Amount of Green Space Is a Stronger Predictor!‎ ‎【考点】O5：科教类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】文章介绍鸟类观察者证实，在柬埔寨发现一种新的鸟类不是一个具有特殊生物学意义的事件，但这在某种程度上是惊人的．‎ ‎【解答】1．A．推理判断题．根据第一段的句子Last summer， bird﹣watchers confirmed the discovery of a new species of bird in Cambodia was not an event of particular biological ‎ significance， but it was striking for one reason in part．可知，柬埔寨首都金边盛产各种珍稀动植物．故选A．‎ ‎2．D．细节理解题．根据第三段的句子 Four birds occur in more than 80 percent of the cities studied， and 11 plants occurred in more than 90 percent of the cities． 可知，在不同的城市有同样的物种．D项表达是错误的．故选D．‎ ‎3．B．推理判断题．根据第三段的Of course， it's also true that in the world of birds and plants， as in human society， there is such a thing as worldwide﹣the city﹣inhabitants who feel equally at home in San Francisco， Milan and Beijing．可知，这是全球化的结果．故选B．‎ ‎4．C．标题判断题．根据全文和第二段的Ecologically speaking， cities are different， concrete buildings． Rather， each unique bio﹣profile ﹣ a kind of ecological fingerprint ﹣ that is against the idea of an environment dead zone．可知，文章介绍城市是混凝土的丛林，不要象过去一样认为这个城市．The Cities Are Concrete Jungles! Never Think about Them the Same Way Again!是合适的标题．故选C．‎ ‎【点评】阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ ‎5．（6分）‎ Please Choose Cloud Services ‎ may be unsure， or you do not know where to begin． Trying every Cloud service would take a lot of time and work． But， the website Reviews．com might help．‎ ‎ One valuable feature is the protection of digital files， including photos， videos， documents， music and more． If the worst happens and your computer crashes， or gets lost or damaged， your files can still found in the Cloud．‎ ‎ Cloud services let you access your files from almost anywhere． No need to worry about a file stored on your computer when you are away from your desk． If you have an Internet ‎ connection， you can open your files from any computer， or from a phone， when they are stored using a Cloud service．‎ ‎ Using a Cloud service makes sharing files easier． If you send documents to a group using emails， you may then wonder which version everyone is working with． When sharing files using a Cloud service， everyone will see the same document and the latest version．‎ ‎ The first thing to consider is the amount of storage space you need． Check how much space you are currently using on your computer and mobile devices． If your computer or phone is filled with photos and you have little free space， you may want to move your photos to the Cloud． Some Cloud services are free． But， if you need a lot of space， you will probably need one that costs money．‎ ‎ Even if everyone you have ever met is a Windows user， you still probably want a Cloud service that works with many platforms． You might become friends with an Android user or start a job with a company that computers on Apple!‎ ‎（1）Which of the following is true according to the passage？　D　‎ A． Google﹣Drive users can obtain 100GB for free．‎ B． Most Cloud services can send files to both the Cloud and the local computer．‎ C． It's hard to transfer your file when you turn on the computer if it is stored in the Cloud．‎ D． Never worry about finding your files in the Clouds if the computer system crashes．‎ ‎（2）What will you have to do if you need more space to store more files in the Cloud？　C　‎ A． To use your own Cloud services．‎ B． To share Cloud space with others．‎ C． To spend money buying space．‎ D． To buy the latest version of the service．‎ ‎（3）How can consumers find the Cloud service that suits them best？　B　‎ A． By learning more information about the space occupied by files．‎ B． By comparing Cloud's function， storage， available space and prices．‎ C． By sending files to a group of people via e﹣mail inquiring about the Cloud service．‎ D． By making friends with Android users who use Apple computers．‎ ‎【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】近年云服务迅速兴起，但是选择云服务对于客户来说有些难，幸好有 Reviews．com 网站会助你一臂之力．‎ ‎【解答】（1）﹣﹣﹣（3）DCB ‎（1）．D．细节理解题．根据第二段第二句 If the worst happens and your computer crashes， or gets lost or damaged， your files can still be found in the Cloud（如果发生最糟糕的事情电脑崩溃，丢失或坏了，你的档案依然可以在云中找到）可知，如果计算机崩溃，不要担心在云中找到你的文件．故选D．‎ ‎（2）．C．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段最后两句Some Cloud services are free． But， if you need a lot of space， you will probably need one that costs money（有些云服务是免费的．但是如果你需要大量空间，可能需要花钱了）可知如果你需要更多储存空间就需要花钱购买．故选C．‎ ‎（3）．B．细节理解题．根据第一段第二句Trying every Cloud service would take a lot of time and work． But， the website Reviews．com might help（尝试体验每一个云服务会花费大量的时间和人力．但是 Reviews．com 网站会助你一臂之力）结合文章中的表格内容，可知应选B．‎ ‎【点评】英语阅读理解的步骤：‎ 第一遍：阅读的第一遍是非常重要的．这一遍讲究的是速度与技巧．先用最快的时间将题迅速扫一遍，了解你需要回答什么，做到一会儿阅读时心中有数．这个时候你就可以胸有成竹地进行第一遍阅读．在第一遍阅读时不要求精，只要求速度．同时在这一遍中，关于文章的主旨等宏观方面的问题就可以解决了．‎ 第二遍：这一遍是文章的精读过程，一般采用随看随做的方法，也就是说，每当你阅读完一段内容，就可以到下面去看看有没有与之相关的问题，同时趁着对该段文章的熟悉去做题．如此下去，在你精读完之后，题也就做完了．‎ 第三遍：这一遍一般放在最后的检查时阅读，一般以你的时间是否充足来决定．检查一般要注意文章的细节，不要因为疏忽出错．‎ ‎6．（8分）‎ Is Paperless Office Really Paperless？‎ ‎ A rising economy increased paper sales by 6 yo 7 percent each year in the early to mid﹣1990s， and the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge anything and everything． In 2004， Ms Dunn， a communications supplies director， said that plain ‎ white office paper would see less than a 4percent growth rate， a primary reason for which is that some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices．‎ ‎ For office innovators， the dream of paperless office is an example of high﹣tech arrogance（傲慢）． Today's office service is overwhelmed By more newspapers than ever before． After decades of development， the American government can finally get rid of the madness on paper． In the past， the demand for paper has been far ahead of growth in the American economy， but the sales have slowed markedly over the past two to three years， despite the good economic conditions．‎ ‎ "Old habits are hard to break，"says Ms． Dunn．"There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work． Those funcitons are both its strength and its weakness．"Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and communication systems． Escaping our craving for paper， however， will be anything but an easy affair．‎ ‎ "We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the workplace，"says John Maine， vice president of a paper economic consulting firm．"More information is being transmitted electronically， and an increasing number of people are satisfied that information exists only in electronic form without printing multiple backups．"‎ ‎ To reduce paper use， some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities． For example， Xerox is developing electronic paper： thin digital displays that respond to a stylus， like a pen on paper． Marks can be erased or saved digitally． Even with such technological advances， the increasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper．‎ ‎ "The information industry today is composed of a thin paper crust surrounding an electronic core，"Mr． Saffo wrote． The growing paper crust is most noticeable， but the hidden electronic core is far larger and growing more rapidly． The result is that we are becoming paperless， but we hardly notice at all．"That's one of the greatest ironies of the information age，"Saffo says．"It's just common sense that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer， it inevitably leads to a face﹣to﹣face meeting． The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet．"‎ ‎（1）Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for the slowdown in American paper sales？　B　‎ A． Workforce with better computer skills．‎ B． Slow growth of the U．S． economy．‎ C． Changing patterns in paper use．‎ D． Changing employment trends．‎ ‎（2）What does the last sentence in Para 3 mean？　B　‎ A． We have to look at paper consumption from different angles．‎ B． There is little chance that paper consumption will fall in the digital age．‎ C． Paper consumption will be greatly reduced in the digital age．‎ D． People are no longer so addicted to paper in the digital age．‎ ‎（3）The innovations from Xerox and other companies feature　A　．‎ A． the intergration of digital technology with traditional paper B． the chance from traditional paper to digital technology C． the combination of the use of computer screens and cell phones D． a new type of computer writing and communciation ‎（4）What can we draw from the example of the aviation industry in the last paragraph？　C　‎ A． The dream of the paperless office will be realized some day．‎ B． People usually prefer to have face﹣to﹣face meetings instead of using computers．‎ C． More digital data use leads to greater paper use in the digital time．‎ D． Some people are no longer opposed to video﹣conferencing．‎ ‎【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文属于政治经济类的短文阅读．主要是讲解在电子技术革命的今天，人们渴望实现无纸办公化，而更多的科技手段没有减少反而增加了人们对纸的使用．‎ ‎【解答】1． B．细节理解题．根据第一段第一句中的the convenience of desktop printing allowed office workers to indulge anything and everything可知，工作人员的计算机技术提高了；plain white office paper would see less than a 4percent growth rate说明纸张的使用方式也发生了变化；a primary reason for which is that some 47 percent of the workforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to ‎ offices说明劳动力人群转移，而第二段最后the sales have slowed markedly over the past two to three years， despite the good economic conditions说明美国的经济并没有下降；故选B．．‎ ‎2． B．推理判断题．根据本段中的第一句Old habits are hard to break以及段落中的描述可知，技术的革命增加了纸张的使用，在电子时代减少纸张的使用并不是一件容易的事，这就意味着减少纸张的消费是很难的；故选B．‎ ‎3． A．推理判断题．根据第五段To reduce paper use， some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilities．以及后面的举例说明可知，电子科技和传统纸张的结合是一个必须；故选A．‎ ‎4． C．归纳总结题．根据最后一段中的 The growing paper crust is most noticeable， but the hidden electronic core is far larger and growing more rapidly． 以及That's one of the greatest ironies of the information age说明技术革命使得我们对纸张的依赖变得更严重了；故选C．‎ ‎【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．‎ Section C Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎7．（8分）‎ A． There are five reason for the accident and you are guilty．‎ B． Every year thousands of people are horribly killed， and we sit still and let it happen．‎ C． Surprisingly， society should smile at the driver and forgive him．‎ D． Someone has rightly said that when a person is sitting behind the steering wheel， his car becomes an extension of his personality．‎ E． All advertisements that emphasize power and performance should be banned．‎ F． It is time to develop a universal norm to reduce this senseless waste of human life．‎ Traffic Regulation and Accident Prevention ‎ We live in a remarkable time， and many of the once fatal diseases can now be cured with ‎ modern medicine and surgery． It is almost certain that one day a cure will be found for the rest of the diseases． Expectations of life have greatly increased． But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before， every day we witness the incredible killing of men， women and children on the roads． Man fights against the motor﹣car． It is a never﹣ending battle which man is losing．（1）　B　‎ ‎ Nothing can seriously increase your risk of potentially fatal car accidents other than speeding and failing to pay due attention to weather conditions． （2）　D　 There is no doubt that the motor﹣car often brings out a man's very worst qualities． Usually quiet and pleasant people， when they are behind the steering wheel， will become unrecognizable． They are impolite， aggressive， self﹣willed like two﹣year﹣old， completely selfish． All their hidden frustrations， disappointments， and jealousy seem to be caused by driving．‎ ‎ （3）　C　 It's all for his own convenience． Due to a serious tragedy， the city is almost uninhabitable and the huge parking lot makes the town ugly． The destruction of rural areas and the annual mass killings are just a statistic， easily forgotten． With regard to driving， the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough．‎ ‎ Traffic rules are for everyone to follow under any circumstances， and no one can make an exception unless you make a joke of your own life． Universally accepted standards can only have a significant beneficial on the incidence of accidents． Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers． （4）　E　 These measures may sound cruel． However， if these measures result in a reduction in the loss of life every year， they should certainly not be considered serious． After all， the world belongs to humans， not cars．‎ ‎【考点】PF：选句填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文 是一篇说明文．文章主要介绍了一些关于交通管制与事故预防措施，从而减少交通事故的发生．‎ ‎【解答】1．B．考查上下文逻辑．根据前句Man fights against the motor﹣car． It is a never﹣ending battle which man is losing． 人与汽车搏斗，这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗，因此可知每年都有成千上万的人惨死，我们却坐视不理，听之任之．故选B．‎ ‎2．D．考查上下文逻辑．根据后句There is no doubt that the motor﹣car often brings out a man's very worst ‎ qualities．毫无疑问，汽车经常暴露出一个人最坏的品质，可知，汽车是一个人个性的延伸．故选D．‎ ‎3．C．考查上下文逻辑．根据后句It's all for his own convenience．一切都是为了他自己的方便，可知，社会对司机微笑并原谅是令人惊讶的．故选C．‎ ‎4．E．考查上下文逻辑．根据前句Governments should develop safety codes for manufacturers．政府应该为制造商制定安全守则，和后句These measures may sound cruel．这些措施听起来可能很残酷，可知，作者建议所有强调汽车力量和性能的广告都应该被禁止．故选E．‎ ‎【点评】本题为七选五阅读理解．通读全文，了解七个选项的意思，并分析上下文，注意干扰项．‎ Ⅳ. Summary Writing. ‎ ‎8．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ All Must Have Degrees ‎ In a classroom in Seoul a group of teenagers sit over their desks in total silence． Study begins at eight in the morning and ends at half past four in the afternoon． And some even go back home at midnight． Like thousands of South Koreans， they are preparing for the important exam， which will largely determine whether they go to a good university or not． Degrees have become useful． Seventy percent of students who graduate from the country's secondary schools now go straight to universities．‎ ‎ Many more countries have seen a big rise in the share of young people with degrees， but South Korea is an extreme case． As technological reforms require workers to do many difficult and demanding jobs that they would not have done before， there seems to be reasonable to insist that more workers receive a good education than before． And a degree is an obvious way for bright youngsters From poor families to prove their abilities． People tend to earn more if they have degrees．‎ ‎ Employers do not have to pay for higher education and they are increasingly able to demand degrees to screen out the least motivated or capable． A recent study by Joseph Fuller and Manjari Romaan of Harvard Business School shows that companies routinely require applicants to have degrees， even though only a minority of those already working in the role ‎ have them．‎ ‎ The Economist's analysis found that between 1970 and 2015， the proportion of 256 workers aged 25﹣64 with at least a bachelor's degree increased． Some of them are highly intellectually demanding jobs， such as aviation engineers． Others are non﹣graduate jobs such as waiting tables． Sixteen percent of waiters now have degrees， because probably in most cases they could not find jobs and live poorly． Today， having a degree is usually an entry requirement．‎ ‎【考点】R5：读写任务作文．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型一：Many South Koreans are taking the important exam， which will largely decide whether they go to a good university．‎ 译文：许多韩国人正在参加重要的考试，这将在很大程度上决定他们是否上了一所好大学．‎ 分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句．‎ 高分句型二：With technological reform， workers are required to many tough jobs that they would not have done before．‎ 译文：随着技术改革的进行，工人们被要求做许多以前不可能做的艰苦工作．‎ 分析：这句话使用that引导定语从句．‎ ‎【解答】Many South Koreans are taking the important exam， which will largely decide whether they go to a good university．【高分句型一】（要点一） It is of great use to earn degrees．（要点二）The young people with degrees in many more countries are increasing， especially in South Korea．（要点三） With technological reform， workers are required to many tough jobs that they would not have done before． 【高分句型二】（要点四） People with degrees have a tendency to earn more． （要点五）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ Ⅴ. Translation.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English， using the words ‎ given in the brackets.‎ ‎9．（3分）晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的．（or）　Don't drink too much coffee at night， or you can't sleep．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】Don't drink too much coffee at night， or you can't sleep．‎ ‎【解答】答案：Don't drink too much coffee at night， or you can't sleep．考查汉译英．"祈使句+or+简单句"是一种句型，表示"如果不怎么样会发生什么事情"，一般翻译成"否则……"．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎10．（4分）事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险．（It）　It has been proved that being happy can reduce the risk of heart disease．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险．‎ ‎【解答】答案：It has been proved that being happy can reduce the risk of heart disease．考查汉译英．1． it作形式主语，真正的主语是that being happy can reduce the risk of heart disease；2． 主句强调对现在造成的影响或结果，用现在完成时的被动语态；从句表示的是一般事实，用一般现在时态．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎11．（4分）乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆．（create）　Optimistic people don't spend much time missing the good old days because they are too busy creating new memories now．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】Optimistic people don't spend much time missing the good old days because they are too busy creating new memories now．‎ ‎【解答】Optimistic people don't spend much time missing the good old days because they are too busy creating new memories now．‎ 这是对人的一种客观的评价，所以使用一般现在时．‎ 翻译时主语使用短语spend time doing ‎ sth，意为"花费时间做某事"；然后使用一个连词because引导的原因状语从句．be busy doing sth忙于做某事．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎12．（4分）追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰．（when）　The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing． There are many times when such an attitude drives us to Improve ourselves， challenge difficulties， and climb peaks．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing． There are many times when such an attitude drives us to Improve ourselves， challenge difficulties， and climb peaks．‎ ‎【解答】The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing． There are many times when such an attitude drives us to Improve ourselves， challenge difficulties， and climb peaks．‎ 这是对事情的一种主观看法，所以使用一般现在时．‎ 翻译时可使用when引导一个定语从句when such an attitude drives us to Improve ourselves， challenge difficulties， and climb peaks，修饰先行词times，drive sb to do sth意为"促使某人做某事"．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ Ⅵ. Guided Writing.‎ ‎13．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ ‎2018年11月5日﹣10日，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举行．假设你是明启中学的高三学生卢平，学校英语报向全体高三学生进行征文，题目为"The CIIE in My Eyes"．你有意投稿，撰写一篇文章．稿件内容必须包含：‎ ‎1． 对"新时代，共享未来（New Era， Shared Future）"的理解；‎ ‎2． 首届进博会向世界传递了什么信息？对中国发展有何深远的影响？‎ ‎（中国国际进口博览会：China International Import Expo简称CIIE）‎ ‎【考点】R1：提纲类．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型一：From November 5 to 10， 2018， the first China International Import Exposition was successfully held in Shanghai， the theme of which is New Era， Shared ‎ Future．‎ 译文：2018年11月5日至10日，首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举办，主题是新时代、共享未来．‎ 分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句．‎ 高分句型二：New Era stresses the development of global trade has entered a new chapter， while Shared Future means that the benefit of all the countries will be connected closely．‎ 译文：新时代强调全球贸易的发展进入了新的篇章，而共同的未来意味着各国的利益将紧密相连．‎ 分析：这句话使用while连接并列句．‎ ‎【解答】From November 5 to 10， 2018， the first China International Import Exposition was successfully held in Shanghai， the theme of which is New Era， Shared Future． 【高分句型一】New Era stresses the development of global trade has entered a new chapter， while Shared Future means that the benefit of all the countries will be connected closely． 【高分句型二】（对"新时代，共享未来（New Era， Shared Future）"的理解）‎ The CIIE is conducive to responding to the current situation of economic globalization and trade liberalization， to safeguarding the global free multilateral trading system， and to promoting the development of the open world economy． （首届进博会向世界传递了什么信息） In terms of domestic significance， CIIE will become a milestone and an important transformation and upgrading point in the process of China's reform and opening up． （对中国发展有何深远的影响）‎ ‎【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来． 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．‎ 声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布 日期：2019/4/18 7:49:44；用户：qgjyuser10050；邮箱：qgjyuser10050.21957750；学号：21985056‎