高考英语试卷大纲

高考英语试卷大纲

2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（大纲卷） 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 21. --- I’m sorry for breaking the cup. --- Oh, ____ ---I’ve got plenty. A. forget it B. my pleasure C. help yourself D. pardon me 22. Unless extra money____, the theatre will close. A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 23. Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying 24. Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. why C. when D. how 25. --- Who’s that at the door? --- _____ is the milkman. A. He B. It C. This D. That 26. _____ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do 27. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have ______ possible education. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 28. I think Mrs. Stark could be ______ between 50 and 60 years of age. A. anywhere B. anybody C. anyhow D. anything 29. September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill. A. by B. for C. with D. in 30. Although you _____ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop. A. should B. need C. must D. can 31. Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she _____ it with hard work. A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with 32. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ______ them since. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 33. _____ me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called 34. Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _____ saw his family. A. frequently B. seldom C. always D. usually 35. --- What did you do last weekend? --- Nothing _____. A. much B. else C. ever D. yet 第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top __36_, but on their way back conditions were very _37__. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon __38__ alone, he would probably get back _39_. But Simon decided to risk his __40__ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope （绳）. As they __41_ down, the weather got worse. Then another _42_ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, _43_, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was _44_for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s _45_ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. _46_, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to __47_. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe _48_ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he __49__ to get out of the crevasse and started to _50_ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers __51_. Simon had _52_ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be __53_, but he didn’t want to leave _54_. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t _55_ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. 36. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early 37. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal 38. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued 39. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully 40. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life 41. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked 42. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble 43. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck 44. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible 45. A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment 46. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quickly 47. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision D. hold on 48. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed 49. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped 50. A. run B. skate C. move D. march 51. A. around B. away C. above D. along 52. A. headed for B. travelled to C. left for D. returned to 53. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late 54. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously 55. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept 第三部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分) A Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way. 21. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney? A. Go shopping B. Find a house C. Join his family D. Take a vacation 22. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______. A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney 23. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean? A. Showed B. Sent out C. Delivered D. Gave back 24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a New Country. C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends. B Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA. But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices. Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution. Twenty-five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program.” Until we do that, nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson. 25 According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___ A. the social movement B. recycling techniques C. environmental problems D. the importance of Earth Day 26 Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from? A. The grass-roots level B. The business circle C. Government officials D. University professors 27. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection? A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest B. They have settled their environmental problems C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities. D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures. 28. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph? A. Education B. Planning C. Green living D. CO reduction C One of the latest trends（趋势） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, Conn., for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country. “I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by a 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says. Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China: She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots. “Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture,” she says. “Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children.” But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.” The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years. 29. What does the term” au pair” in the text mean? A. A mother raising her children on her own B. A child learning a foreign language at home C. A professor in language education of children D. A young foreign woman taking care of children. 30. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______. A. to live in China some day B. to speak the language at home C. to catch up with other children D. to learn about the Chinese culture 31. What can we infer from the text? A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America, B. Educated woman do better in looking after children C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills. D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months. D Metro Pocket Guide Metrorail(地铁) Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer. Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $ 5 in change. Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays. Hours of Service Open: 5 a.m. Mon---Fri 7 a.m. Sat---Sun . Close: midnight Sun---Thurs. 3 a.m. Fri.---Sat. nights Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations. Metrobus When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is $1.25. Fares for senior /disabled customers Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000. Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100 Travel tips  Avoid riding during weekday rush periods---before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.  If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195. 32. What should you know about farecard machines? A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m. B. They are connected to change machines. C. They offer special service to the elderly. D. They make change for no more than $5. 33. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday? A. At midnight B. At 3 a.m. C. At 5 a.m. D. At 7 p.m. 34. What is good about a SmarTrip card? A. It is convenient for old people B. It saves money for its users C. It can be bought at any time D. It is sold on the Internet. 35. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro? A. 202-962-1195 B. 202-962-1100 C. 202-637-7000 D. 202-637-8000 E Which boy hasn’t dreamed of being a cool secret agent （ 特 工 ） ? The wonderful fighting abilities and the world-saving adventures are much more colourful than most people’s everyday lives. Well, Cody Banks is just like any other boy, except that he is not just dreaming. He has a big secret his friends never know about. He was trained to be a spy（间谍）by a special CIA programme, which was made to look like a summer camp. He learned high-speed driving, hand-to-hand fighting and the use of high-tech tools. After proving he could become a young hero by saving a baby from a runaway car, Banks gets his first real task. He must make friends with a popular girl at school, Natalie Connors. Then, he must spy on her father, a scientist who has developed a dangerous technology（技术）. Banks must stop a group of bad people from forcing Natalie’s father into using the technology to endanger the world. The CIA may have taught him first-class self-defence moves, but they didn’t show him how to talk to girls. Banks has zero ability when it comes to dealing with girls. How can he get around his problem and get an invitation to the girl’s upcoming birthday party? Will he finally become Natalie’s boyfriend and find out whatever he can about her father’s work? Agent Cody Banks has everything that young people are interested in: big explosions, breath-taking performances and funny girl-dating experiences. It was listed in No.2 in the American box office last week. “This story is interesting and fun for the whole family to enjoy, and especially cool for young boys.” said Paul Perkins, a film reviewer in the US. 72. What is Bank’s first real task? A. To test a high-tech tool B. To save a baby from a car C. To study a new technology D. To watch a scientist secretly 73. Banks wanted to go to Natalie’s birthday party to ______. A. meet her father B. know more people C. make friends with her D. steal some information 74. What is considered as a great danger in the text? A. The technology developed by Natalie’s father B. An explosion set off by some bad people C. The CIA’s training of boys for its tasks D. Secret agents spying on scientists 75. What is the purpose of the text? A. Making known the work of the CIA B. Telling the story about a cool boy C. Showing the dark side of science D. Introducing a new film 第四部分 写作(共两节.满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 l0 分) All of us need friendship. The understanding 76.______________ between two friends mean both of them have similar 77.______________ ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78.______________ impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.______________ their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80.______________ “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.______________ should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82.______________ wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83.______________ The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84.______________ one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.______________ 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请根据下列要求和你的畅想完成短文、 1. 家庭； 2. 工作； 3. 业余生活 注意：1、次数 100 左右； 2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好 I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 答案 单项填空： 21. A C B C B 26. D D A A D 31. C C B B A 完形填空： 36. C A D B D 41. C D A D B 46. A C B A C 51. B D A C B 阅读理解： 56. B C B C C 61. A D A B D 66. C A D B B 71. A D C A D 短文改错： All of us need friendship. The understanding 76. √ between two friends mean both of them have similar 77. means ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78. trust impossible for him to help each other and to make 79. them their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80. to “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81. real should ∧ able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82. be wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83. as The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84. from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85. and 书面表达： I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I think my life will be very different in ten years. I will be twenty-eight years old by then. I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child. I hope I’ll work in a computer company as a program designer. I’ll enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues. I’ll do a good job in whatever I do. In my free time, I’ll continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games. On my holidays, I’ll travel around the world. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.