2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Earthquakes（含解析）新人教版必修1

2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Earthquakes（含解析）新人教版必修1

Earthquakes 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel.It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter.‎ Road politeness is not only good manners, but a good sense.It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way toward reducing the possibility of quarreling and fighting.A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such behavior of politeness is by no means enough.Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.‎ However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.A typical example is the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time.The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.‎ An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in a traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings.Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship(公路驾车技能)．Years ago，experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more giveandtake(互谅互让) from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.‎ ‎【解题导语】　随着车辆的增多，很多司机都有可怕的路怒症，甚至不知道什么是文明交通。专家们呼吁，司机应该互谅互让，将文明驾驶牢记在心。‎ ‎1．The passage mainly talks about ．‎ A．traffic jams B．good manners 9‎ C．road politeness D．modern drivers C　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第一句及第三段第一句可知， 本文主要围绕道路文明礼貌行为展开论述。故选C项。‎ ‎2．Troubles on the road are often caused by ．‎ A．traffic jams B．the behavior of the drivers C．the great speed of modern life D．terrible road conditions B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句可知， 大家都知道， 平时非常绅士的人在开车的时候也会变成一只猛虎。再根据文中对道路上司机们的种种行为的描述可判断，公路上的麻烦主要是由司机的行为引起的，故选B项。‎ ‎3．According to the writer，a good driver should ．‎ A．encourage children to cross the road whenever they want to B．beat back when forced to face rude driving C．be able to recognize politeness when he sees it D．join in a traffic stream quickly however other people feel C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知， 在看到礼貌行为时，一个好司机应当能够对此有所认知。故选C项。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．I ________ (trap) in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.‎ 答案：was trapped　be trapped in “被困在……”。‎ ‎2．After she heard the news, there was an excited ________ (express) on her face.‎ 答案：expression　由空前的“an excited”可知，应填名词 expression “表情”。‎ ‎3．When a fire broke out at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings ________ (destroy)．‎ 答案：were destroyed　动词destroy “毁灭；毁掉”，此处表被动，且指过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎4．The meeting came to ________ end and he set down many key points.‎ 答案：an　come to an end “结束”。‎ ‎5．Don't forget to praise them ________ (sincere) when someone does something good.‎ 9‎ 答案：sincerely　副词 sincerely “真诚地”，在此处修饰动词praise。‎ ‎6．He was replaced by another midfielder because of his ________ (injure)．‎ 答案：injury　由空前的his可知，应填名词injury “受伤；伤害”。‎ ‎7．Thank you for your letter conveying ________ (congratulate) on my appointment.‎ 答案：congratulations　由空前的现在分词conveying可知，应填名词。congratulation “祝贺”，且常用复数形式。‎ ‎8．The news of the sudden death of the young famous pianist came this morning, which made his fans ________ (shock)．‎ 答案：shocked　此处形容词shocked “感到震惊的”作宾语补足语。‎ ‎9．The government thinks ________ (high) of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.‎ 答案：highly　think highly of “高度评价……”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎10．In a hurry, we arrived at a cabin in the mountain to shelter ________ the rain.‎ 答案：from　shelter from the rain “躲雨”。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ I remember that it was a few years ago that an old woman stepped into my video store，along with her daughter.The __1__ was displaying a serious state of impatience，__2__ her watch every few seconds.If the daughter had possessed a leash(绳子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along to __4__ the rush of other shoppers.‎ Walking over，I asked __5__ I could help her.The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper.__7__ rushing off to find the DVD for the woman，I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it and I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment.As we walked along the back of the store，I __10__ its floor plan(分布图)：old television shows, action movies, cartoons，science fiction films etc.The woman seemed glad of the unrushed “trip” and __11__ conversation.‎ I said to her daughter，“__12__ some advice？”“Of course not，” said the daughter.“Cherish __13__，” I said.“When she's gone，it's the little __14__ that come back to you.Times like this.I know.” It was __15__.I still missed my mom and remembered the times when I'd used my impatience to make her __16__.‎ Together they made their way towards the store's resting area.They sat there 9‎ ‎ for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds.Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly.And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mother's shoulders and __20__ guided her back into the crowd.‎ ‎1．A.merchant B．waitress C．mother D．daughter ‎2．A.fixing B．removing C．checking D．adjusting ‎3．A.fastened B．devoted C．accustomed D．applied ‎4．A.break away from B．make way for C．get along with D．keep pace with ‎5．A.when B．whether C．why D．how ‎6．A.tip B．title C．ticket D．receipt ‎7．A.Apart from B．As to C．Rather than D．Regardless of ‎8．A.communicate B．jog C．trade D．walk ‎9．A.stay B．holiday C．company D．time ‎10．A.described B．blamed C．appreciated D．corrected ‎11．A.casual B．attractive C．severe D．convincing ‎12．A.Prepare B．Mind C．Lack D．Offer ‎13．A.her B．me C．herself D．yourself ‎14．A.feelings B．presents C．chances D．moments ‎15．A.reasonable B．possible C．true D．appropriate 9‎ ‎16．A.desperate B．upset C．puzzled D．astonished ‎17．A.approaching B．evaluating C．observing D．expecting ‎18．A.attended B．found C．recognized D．watched ‎19．A.apparently B．suddenly C．basically D．gradually ‎20．A.accidentally B．gently C．smoothly D．randomly ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在音像商店工作时遇到一位老母亲和女儿一起购买DVD，这个女儿行色匆匆，恨不能用绳子拉着行动迟缓的母亲。“我”让这位母亲和“我”一起寻找她想要的DVD，并建议这个女儿要珍惜母亲的陪伴。最后，她挽着母亲，走进人群中……‎ ‎【核心词汇】along with...和……一道 a state of...一种……状态 impatience n．不耐烦，无耐心　rush off赶紧去 conversation n．会话，交谈　cherish珍爱，爱护 side by side肩并肩地 unaccustomed adj.不习惯的，奇怪的，不寻常的 affection n．影响，喜爱，慈爱，感情 ‎1．D　根据上文中的“an old woman stepped into my video store, along with her daughter”可知，一位老母亲和她的女儿一起来到“我”的音像商店；结合下文中的“If the daughter had possessed...other shoppers”可知，女儿显得很不耐烦，故D项正确。A项意为“商人”；B项意为“女侍者，女服务员”。‎ ‎2．C　根据上文内容以及空处所在句中的“displaying a serious state of impatience”可知，这个女儿显得很不耐烦；据此可以判断，她不停地查看(checking)手表，故选C项。A项意为“固定，修理”；B项意为“移开，去除”；D项意为“调整，校正”。‎ ‎3．A　根据空处所在句中的“If the daughter had possessed a leash(绳子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along”可知，如果这个女儿有一根绳子的话，她的母亲将被系在绳子的一头。A项意为“把……系在”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“致力，奉献”；C项意为“使习惯”；D项意为“申请，运用”。‎ ‎4．D　根据上文及空后的“the rush of other shoppers”可以判断，如果有绳子，这个女儿将用绳子拉住她的母亲，以赶上(keep pace 9‎ ‎ with)匆匆的购物人群，故选D项。A项意为“突然挣脱，逃脱”；B项意为“给……让路”；C项意为“与……融洽相处”。‎ ‎5．B　根据该空所在句中的“I asked __5__ I could help her”可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词asked的宾语，由“I could help her”和asked可以判断，“我”问她是否需要帮忙。因此用whether引导该宾语从句，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．B　根据下文中的“find the DVD”，结合该空所在句“The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper”可知，这位母亲微笑着递给“我”一张写有名称的纸。B项意为“名称，标题”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“建议”，C项意为“票”，D项意为“收据”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎7．C　根据该空所在句中的“I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it”可知，“我”让她和“我”一起走(walk)以便“我”能让她知道她在哪里可以找到她需要的DVD；据此可以判断，“我”没有急忙为她寻找。C项意为“而不是”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“除……之外”；B项意为“至于”；D项意为“不管，不顾”。‎ ‎8．D　参见上题解析。下文中的“walked”亦是提示。A项意为“交流”，B项意为“慢跑”，C项意为“交易”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．C　根据空后的“As we walked along the back of the store”可知，“我”和她一起走着寻找她需要的DVD；结合该空所在句中的“I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment”可以判断，“我”想要她陪伴(company)“我”一会儿。A项意为“停留，逗留”；B项意为“假期”。‎ ‎10．A　根据该空所在句中的“its floor plan(分布图)：old television shows，action movies，cartoons，science fiction films etc.”可知，“我”向她描述(described)着商店的商品分区情况：老的电视节目、动作片、卡通片以及科幻片等。故A项正确。B项意为“责备”；C项意为“欣赏”；D项意为“纠正”。‎ ‎11．A　根据空前的“The woman seemed glad of the unrushed‘trip’”可知，这位母亲对这次并不匆忙的购物过程感到很满意；空处与“the unrushed‘trip’”，相呼应，据此可以判断，该处表示“轻松随意的交谈”。A项意为“轻松的，随意的”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“吸引人的”；C项意为“严厉的，严肃的”；D项意为“使人信服的”。‎ ‎12．B　根据这个女儿的回答“Of course not”可知，她不介意“我”提出建议；据此可以判断，此处表示“介意我提点建议吗？”B项意为“介意”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“准备”，C项意为“缺乏”，D项意为“提供”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎13．A　根据下文中的“When she's gone，it's...to you”可知，如果她的母亲去世了，这是她可以回想起来的时刻；据此可以判断，“我”建议她珍惜她的母亲；空处作宾语，因此用宾格her，故A项正确。‎ 9‎ ‎14．D　参见上题解析。D项意为“时刻”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“感情”，B项意为“礼物”，C项意为“机会”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎15．C　根据空后的“I still missed my mom and remembered the times when I'd used my impatience to make her __16__ ”可知，“我”仍然怀念“我”的母亲，记得“我”用不耐烦让“我”的母亲难过的日子；据此可以判断，“我”对她说的这种情况是真实的(true)。故C项正确。A项意为“合理的”；B项意为“可能的”；D项意为“适当的，恰当的，相称的”。‎ ‎16．B　参见上题解析。B项意为“难过的”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“无望的，不顾一切的”，C项意为“困惑的，无法理解的”，D项意为“惊讶的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎17．C　根据该空所在句“They sat there for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds”可知，这对母女肩并肩坐着，注视着假日里的人群；C项意为“观察，注视”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“靠近”，B项意为“评估”，D项意为“期望”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎18．D　根据该空所在句“Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly”可知，女儿充满爱意地看着她的母亲，D项意为“看着”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“参加”，B项意为“发现”，C项意为“认识”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．A　根据该空所在句中的“And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mother's shoulders”可知，她慢慢地将她的手臂放在母亲的肩膀上，似乎不习惯这种充满爱意的表达。A项意为“似乎”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“突然地”，C项意为“基本地，主要地”，D项意为“逐渐地”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．B　根据语境及该空所在句中的“guided her back into the crowd”可知，她慢慢地将她的手臂放在母亲的肩膀上，然后温柔地(gently)领着她的母亲走进人群。故B项正确。A项意为“偶然地，附带地，意外地”；C项意为“平滑地，平稳地，流畅地，顺利地”；D项意为“任意地，胡乱地，随便地”。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．The stone was so heavy for him to move, so he called his friends to help.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：第一个so→too　too ... to do “太……而不能”。‎ ‎2．The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the book in her hands.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：buried→burying　此处burying是现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎3．Judged from his appearance, he seems to be rich.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 9‎ 答案：Judged→Judging　judging from ... “由……来判断”。‎ ‎4．I think there are the number of opportunities to get more energy.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：the→a　a number of opportunities “许多机会”。‎ ‎5．The news that Donald Trump was elected President of the USA made the whole world extreme shocked.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：extreme→extremely　extremely副词“极其，非常”，此处修饰形容词shocked。‎ 五、短文改错 Life is full of various experiences，some of them are unforgettable.I still remember the hiking experiences with my classmates for ‎16 km a year later.That summer day，we set off early in the morning，think it would be great fun to walk for so long a distance.However，with the weather is getting hotter and hotter，I found their legs heavier and heavier.What's worse，my feet began bleeding because long time pressing against the shoes.At one point，I even wanted to give up.But I manage to drag the rest of the way to the destination.Though not pleasant, this journey was impressive or rewarding.I have learnt that life is a long journey like this.No matter what happened，we should never give up.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Life is full of various experiences，some of are unforgettable.I still remember the hiking with my classmates for ‎16 km a year .That summer day，we set off early in the morning， it would be great fun to walk for so long a distance.However，with the weather getting hotter and hotter，I found legs heavier and heavier.What's worse，my feet began bleeding because long time pressing against the shoes.At one point，I even wanted to give up.But I to drag the rest of the way to the destination.Though not pleasant, this journey was impressive rewarding.I have learnt that life is a long journey like this.No matter what ，we should never give up.‎ 9‎ 第一处：them改为which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作宾语，先行词为experiences。‎ 第二处：experiences改为experience。考查名词。根据“the hiking”和下文内容可知，此处特指具体的一次徒步体验，故用单数形式。‎ 第三处：later改为ago。考查副词。根据上文中的“remember”可知，此处作者表达对过去的回忆，故用副词ago。‎ 第四处：think改为thinking。考查非谓语动词。think和句子谓语set off之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，且think和句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。‎ 第五处：删除weather后的is。考查with复合结构。with＋名词或代词＋非谓语、形容词、副词或介词短语，即with的复合结构，在句子中作状语，符合语境，故删除weather后的is。‎ 第六处：their改为my。考查代词。与句子主语I呼应可知，应用形容词性物主代词my作定语。‎ 第七处：because后加of。考查介词。因为“long time pressing against the shoes”是名词短语，其前用“because of”。故在because后加of。‎ 第八处：manages改为managed。考查动词时态。与上文的“wanted”呼应可知，此处用一般过去时，是对过去经历的回忆。‎ 第九处：or改为and。考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示并列关系，而非选择关系，故把or改为and。‎ 第十处：happened改为happens。考查动词时态。与上文的“is”呼应可知，此处用一般现在时，表示客观情况。‎ 9‎