高考英语语法精讲精练教师版

高考英语语法精讲精练教师版

动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。‎ 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类 ‎（一）实义动词 ‎1.按性质分实义动词又分成及物动词和不及物动词，表示动作或状态，在句中独立做谓语。及物动词后须跟宾语；不及物动词不跟宾语。‎ 例：—What did you think of her speech?‎ ‎—She _______for one hour but didn't ________ much.‎ A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say C. said; speak D. said; say 注意：英语里及物动词和不及物动词不是截然分开的，有的动词既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词。‎ It is important for you to learn how to learn.‎ 第一个learn是及物动词，后面有宾语how to learn；第二个learn是不及物动词。‎ 不及物动词向及物动词转化需要借助于介词、副词等构成短语动词。‎ He is working hard at English.‎ ‎ 2.按时限分实义动词又分成延续性动词和非延续性动词（短暂性动词）‎ ‎ 延续性动词动作可以延续，可以与一段时间连用。如：live, study, work, stay, keep, have等。‎ 非延续性动词（短暂性动词）动作瞬间完成，不能与一段时间连用。如：finish, come, open, bring, buy等。‎ 例：The evening news comes on at seven o' clock and ________ only thirty minutes.‎ A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts ‎【解析】答案为D。根据后面的时间状语“only thirty minutes” 先排除“finish”为瞬间动词；keep“保留，保存”；continue意为“继续”； last意为“持续，继续”，根据题意“晚间新闻每天7：00开始，持续30分钟。”可知，正确选项为D。‎ ‎（二）连系动词 连系动词可以细分为以下几类 ‎1.表示“是”的be动词，根据主语有各种形式；‎ ‎2.表示“感觉”的连系动词。如：look, feel, smell, taste, sound等；‎ ‎3.表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如become, turn, get, grow, go, fall, come等；‎ ‎4.表示“结果”的连系动词。如turn out, prove等；‎ ‎5.表示“仍然”的连系动词。如remain, stand, stay, keep等；‎ ‎6.表示“似乎、好像”的连系动词。如seem, appear, look等。‎ 注意：绝大多数连系动词又是实义动词，在解题时要正确区分,否则就会出错。‎ 请看下列这道选择题：‎ ‎ good, the food has been sold out.‎ A. Tasted B. Having been Tasted C. Tasting D. To taste ‎【解析】答案为C。本题考生如果把taste当成实义动词去理解的话，就会误选A或B。其实taste在本句中是连系动词，应该选C才对=Because the food tastes good,…‎ ‎（三）助动词 本身无词义，不能独立作谓语。用来表示否定，疑问，时态等语法形式。助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语），常见的有：be(am, is, are, was, were),do(does, did), have(has/had), will, would, shall, should等。‎ ‎（四）情态动词 本身有一定意义，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化，常用来表示说话人的语气和情态。常见的有can(could), may(might), must, shall(should), will, would, ought to, dare, need等等。‎ 注意：以上四类动词都有交叉的地方。如“do, have”既可以作实义动词又可以作助动词；“be”既可以作连系动词又可以作助动词；“dare, need”既可以作实义动词又可以作情态动词。‎ ‎1.动词+副词所构成的短语动词分及物的和不及物的两类 Please turn off every light in the house. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。（及物）‎ Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。（不及物）‎ 注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。‎ ‎②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。‎ She gave them away.她把它们送掉了。‎ ‎③同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。‎ break out爆发 break up打碎；分解 break down出毛病；抛锚；分解；崩溃 ‎①Don’t be so discouraged. If you such feelings, you will do better next time.‎ A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away ‎【解析】答案为D。carry on意为“开展、进行”；get back意为“取回，拿回”；break down意为“分解、崩溃”。put away除了有“把……收起、放好”的意思外还有“储存、抛弃、放弃”的意思。句意：别那么垂头丧气的。如果你抛弃这种情绪（而振作起来），下次你就会做得更好。‎ ‎②I was still sleeping when the fire _________,and then it spread quickly. A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out ‎【解析】答案为A。break out意为“发生”符合题意；put out意为“扑灭”；come out意为“出版、出现、出来”；get out意为“（拿）出来”‎ ‎。句意：火灾发生时，我还在睡觉，然后火势很快蔓延开来。‎ ‎2.动词+介词所构成的短语动词相当于及物动词 I'm looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。‎ 注意：①当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。‎ ‎②同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。‎ look after照料，look at看，look for寻找 ‎①Once a decision has been made，all of us should _______it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to ‎【解析】答案为B。stick to意为“坚守（规则、诺言等）”‎ ‎②It’s the present situation in poor areas that _______much higher spending on education and training.‎ A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans for ‎【解析】答案为C。call for意为“要求”；answer for意为“负责”；provide for意为“供养，为……做好准备”；plan for意为“为……作计划/打算”。‎ ‎3.动词+副词/名词/反身代词+介词所构成的短语动词相当于及物动词 I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。‎ ‎①I don’t _______rock ‘n’ roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.‎ A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for ‎【解析】答案为D 。go in for意为“喜欢”；go after意为“追求”；go away with意为“随身带走”；go into意为“从事、参加”。‎ ‎②Why do we have to ________Joan’s selfish behavior? She should learn to care for others.‎ A. keep up with B. catch up with C. put up with D. come up with ‎【解析】答案为C。keep up with意为“跟着、跟上”；catch up with意为“赶上”；put up with意为“忍受”；come up with意为“想出、提出”。‎ ‎③You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the snowstorm.‎ A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking ‎【解析】答案为D。考查“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”短语的变式运用。“difficulty”在句中充当了先行词，其后为定语从句。‎ ‎④She devoted herself ____ the problems of the teenagers.‎ A. in studying B. at studying C. to study D. to studying ‎【解析】答案为D。devote oneself to意为“专心，致力于，献身”。“to”为介词 附录：近几年高考重点考查的动词短语 ‎1.以a开头的动词为中心的词组 adapt to/adjust to 适应 agree about对……有相同的看法。‎ agree on就……达成协议；‎ agree to同意，赞成（观点，看法等）；‎ agree with同意某人意见（接sb.）；与……相适应/一致；‎ appeal to 向……呼吁，恳求； 诉诸；求助于 appeal to 吸引 apply for申请；请求 apply to适用于；向……申请(或要求) ‎ attach…to…将……系在……；使隶属/附属于……，将……缚在……‎ attach importance to 关注，注重 attach to粘贴 be admitted to/into获准进入……，被……录取 be absorbed in埋头于……，专心于……‎ be accustomed to(=get used to=be used to)习惯于……‎ be addicted to沉迷于/沉溺于……，迷恋……‎ ‎2.以break为中心的词组 break away from脱离，逃离，打破 break down vt. 破坏，粉碎，瓦解；vi.出故障，抛锚；衰弱 break in闯进，打断；使顺服 break into（后面要接宾语）闯入；强行进入 break off 打断，断绝，折断，突然终止 break out爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚 break up vt.开垦，破碎；解散，分解；vi.结束；断绝关系，（婚姻关系）破裂 break through 突破，克服，挤过去 ‎3.以build为中心的词组 build on / upon 建立在……上，依赖，指望 build up 增强，增加，增进；建成，振兴 ‎4.以 bring为中心的词组 bring about导致，引起，促使 bring back 带回，使回忆，使恢复 bring down 使下降，浓缩，收缩，击落 bring out 拿出，公布，发表，出版，生产 bring up 抚养，养育，培养，使停止 ‎5.以call为中心的词组 call at 访问（某地），停泊在 care about关心，在乎 call for 需要，要求，接（某人），‎ call in 召集，收集，请入，引入 call off 取消，下令停止 call on 拜访（某人），号召 call out 大声喊，唤起 call up 打电话给……；召集; 使想起 ‎6.以come为中心的词组 come about发生；改变方向 come across偶然碰到；想起；越过；偿付 come back回来；恢复；复原 come down倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come into being发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power开始执政，当权，当选 come into effect/ force开始生效，开始实行 come into existence形成，产生，开始存在 come into fashion开始流行 come into operation开始运转，实施，生效 come into use开始使用，获得应用 come on快点；振作起来；请；来吧；跟着来；快点;‎ come out出现；出版 come out with说出，提出 come over从远方(或克服障碍后)过来 ；顺便来访 come to苏醒,复原,共计,达到,归结于,渐渐，说到/提及到 come to an agreement 达成协议 come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to a decision 作出决定 come to an end终止，结束 come to a stop 结束，停止，停顿，‎ come to an understanding 取得谅解 when it comes to…就……而论，谈到 come to know/realize/understand开始了解到/意识到/明白 come to life 苏醒，栩栩如生 come to light 明朗化，出现，显露出来 come to oneself苏醒 come up with跟上；想出；提出 ‎7.以get为中心的词组 get across度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解 get along前进，进步；同意；离去，相处 get along/on with与……相处 get away离开，逃脱，出发，开始度假 get away from逃离……‎ get back取回，回来；报复 get down记下，写下 get down to着手处理，认真对待；静下心来 get in插话，收割，收获 get into/out of debt 欠债/不欠债 get off送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身 get on 上车 ‎ get out出去，离开；逃脱； 泄露；摆脱；拿出来；说出 get over越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成 get rid of除去，去掉；免除，摆脱 get through拨通，到达，完成，通过；及格 get to 到达 get up起床，起立 ‎8.以give为中心的词组 give away赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发 give in屈服，让步，投降 give off发出（烟，气味）‎ give out vt.分发；公布；发出；使筋疲力尽； vi.用完 give up放弃；停止 ‎9.以go为中心的词组 go /come to sb.’s rescue去/来援救某人 go away走开；离去；(岁月)流逝；‎ go back to 追溯至 go by 经过，过去 go on 继续，接下去 go out 出去，熄灭，离开，下台，退休 go over审查，复习，重温从头到尾检查一遍 go up 上升，上涨，攀登 ‎10.以hold为中心的词组 hold back阻挡，妨碍，控制感情，隐瞒不讲 hold down 压制，压低，缩减 hold off 耽搁，不接近，离开 hold on继续；坚持，保持；不挂断电话 hold out 伸出，提出，支持，主张 hold up 举起；竖起；支持；使停滞；提出；阻挡 ‎11.以keep为中心的词组 keep an eye on照看，留心 keep away (from) 不接近，避开，远离 keep back 阻止，扣留，隐瞒 keep in mind 记住 keep off 不接近，远离 keep out 使……不入内 keep pace with…跟上，同……步调一致 keep up 继续，坚持，保持，维持 keep up with…跟上 ，与……并肩前进 keep watch 守望，值班，注意 ‎12.以look为中心的词组 look after照料，照看 look around东张西望，环顾 look at看，注视(某人或某物)‎ look away from掉过头去不忍心看 look down on/upon俯视；看不起，轻视 look for寻找 look forward to盼望，期待 look into窥视；调查；浏览 look on /upon旁观；面向 look on / upon …as…把……看作 look out向外看；注意；当心，提防 look over从上面看过去；检查，忽略 look through look through透过……看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查 look up查（单词、电话号码等）；仰视；涨价 look up to仰望，尊敬 ‎13.以make为中心的词组 make a choice做出选择 make a difference 有差别，有关系，很重要 make a fool of愚弄，欺骗 make a will 立下遗嘱 make advantages/use of使用，利用 make it 就这么定了；成功；达到某一特定目标 make oneself understood 让别人理解自己 make out填写；开支票；理解；辨认；弄清楚 make the best/ most of尽量利用；极为重视 make up弥补；修理；赔偿；起草；编造；化装；,配制；占……比例 ‎14.以put为中心的词组 put away 把……放好，把……收拾；储藏；‎ put down 放下；镇压；记下；削减；降落 put it表达 put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，脱下 ‎ put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加 put out 熄灭，扑灭；伸出，拿出 put together 组装，装配，把……凑合起来 put up搭建；张贴；举起，挂起；投宿，留宿 put up with  忍受，容忍；‎ put up举起，抬起；建立，竖起；张贴；投宿，‎ put through 完成，（电话用语）拨通，使穿过 ‎15.以set为中心的词组 be set in 以……为背景 set about（doing）着手，开始 set an example to sb.给某人树立个榜样 set aside 取消，放在一边，放弃，忽视，拒绝 set fire to (= set…on fire) 放火烧毁 set off vi.出发； vt.使爆炸，拨出（钱等）‎ set out vi.出发； vt.开始，着手(to do)，布置 ‎ set up 建立，设立，开办，引起（疾病等）‎ ‎16.以take为中心的词组 take after 与……相像， 性格类似于，效仿 take away拿走，减去；夺去 take down 记下；拿下；拆除；拆卸；‎ take in 吸收，接纳，欺骗，轻信，领会 take off拿出，取出，拿走，取下；脱去（衣服等），起飞，（事业上的）腾飞，成功，成名 take on承担，呈现，雇用 take out把……带出去，清除, 除掉 take over接管，接替 take up从事，占据时间或空间，拿起 take turns(to do) 轮流做 ‎17.以turn为中心的词组 turn around转身 turn down拒绝，（把声音等）调低 turn in上床睡觉, 上缴 turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于 turn off 关上（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）；解雇；避开（问题）‎ turn out外出；培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是 turn over翻身，翻转，把……移交 turn to转向；翻到（书的页数）；求助于；(使)变成 turn up出现；出席；被找到/发现 ‎18.其它 be supposed to do应当，应该 begin with从……开始 ；以……开始；开始于 belong to属于 blow out吹熄（灯火等）；油井或汽井（井喷）‎ build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 carry on坚持，继续，进行 carry out贯彻，执行，实施，完成 catch up with追上，赶上 close down停业；（工厂等）关闭，倒闭 close up暂停营业；关闭；堵塞；（伤口）愈合 deal with对付，处理 die down渐渐消失，平息（尤其指火势，大海，脾气）‎ divide up分割，瓜分，划分，分配 draw up起草，制订；使靠近；停住 drop out退出，退学 do away with去掉，废除；弄死；浪费 do without不需要……也行，不用；不用/吃……勉强度过 earn one’s living挣钱；维持生计 eat up吃完，吃光 end up as 作为……而结束的意思 end up with 以……为结束 fight for与……做斗争；为……而战 figure out算出；想出；理解；弄清楚 fill up装满，填满 find out查找出（结果）‎ finish up 结果成为；最终到来 fit in相处融洽，合得来 fix up修理，安装，安排，建造，提供 focus upon/on专注于 grow up成长，长大 hand down 把……传下去；留给；‎ hand out散发，（平均）分发，发给 hang up挂断电话 join up联合起来；连接 lead to通向；导致 leave out省去；遗漏 let out泄露 lie in（问题、事情等）在于 lift up举起；吊起 live up to履行 lose out失败，输掉 manage it设法做成某事 meet with偶然遇到；符合 pick out 挑出，辨别出 pick up学到(尤其指不正规的学到)；捡起；顺车接送，搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得 point out指出 pull up 停车 refer to 指，提及，参考，查阅 remind sb. of… 就……提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起……‎ rule out排除（可能性）‎ run into撞到；偶遇 run out （某东西被）耗尽/用完 run out of sth.用完，耗尽 save up储蓄；贮存；节省 see through看穿；识破(谎言)‎ send up发射 show off炫耀，卖弄 slow down 慢下来 speak of谈到，论及 speed up加快 stand for代表；象征 ；主张；支持，拥护 start off动身，出发 stay up不睡觉，熬夜 stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于 tear down拆毁 use up=run out of用光，用尽 wait on等待，伺候，服伺 warn sb. of警告某人某事 watch out注意，当心；小心谨慎，留意提防 watch over看守，照管，监视 work out算出，想出，制订出；产生出；解决；确定 说明：这一讲不涉及动词的时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词以及情态动词等语法内容（这部分请参看后面有关的各讲的内容）。‎ ‎①Recently, these companies have _______ some workers because of the drop in economy. ‎ A. hired B. dismissed C. refused D. employed ‎ ‎【解析】答案为B。四个选项都是及物动词，且都可以与worker构成动宾关系，但从题干中的the drop in economy可知，只有B项符合题意。 ‎ ‎②When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly _______。‎ A. injured B damaged C. harmed D. destroyed ‎ ‎　【解析】答案为A。这四个动词都有“伤害，损害”之意，但具体用法不同。injure指在意外事故中“受伤”；damage主要指对于物体的不彻底的破坏，这种破坏或因自然灾害所致，或因人为造成，常含可以修复之意；harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便；destroy表示毁坏十分彻底，常含无法修复再用之意。‎ ‎①I it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for ‎ their products.‎ A. make B. look C. take D. think ‎【解析】答案为C。take...as...意为“把……当作/认为……是”；另外，“look ‎ on...as...”和“think of...as...”也有此意。若用A项，需要把it后面的as去掉。‎ ‎②Her shoes her dress; they look very well together. A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match ‎【解析】答案为D。suit指“符合某人的口味，或颜色、款式等的相配或适合”；fit指“强调尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合”；compare意为“比较、对照”；match指“两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调”。 ‎ ‎③With modern equipment, many mysteries have _______ to light in recent years.‎ A. bought B. come C. thrown D. appeared ‎ ‎【解析】答案为B。题意为“由于有现代化的设备，近年来许多谜团被揭开”。“揭露，将……曝光”是come to light，故答案为B项。 ‎ ‎④The card reads: “Dear Mom and Dad, they are _______ everyone write home. Love, Joey.”‎ A. advising B. suggesting C. letting D. making ‎ ‎【解析】答案为D。分析句子结构可知，空缺处后面的write home是无to的不定式，作everyone的宾语补足语，由此可排除A项；suggest后面不能跟不定式作宾补，更不用说无to的不定式，由此排除B项；let作为使役动词时，无进行时态，也排除；只有make后面是跟无to的不定式作宾补的，所以答案为D。 ‎ ‎①The effect of the medicine on this kind of disease remains_______. ‎ A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see ‎ ‎【解析】答案为B。题意为“这种药对这种疾病的效果尚待观察”。由题意可知，remain在此是用作系动词，且see这一动作还没有发生，答案锁定在B和D中间；“the effect”和“see”之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。‎ ‎②On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she ______pale.‎ A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared ‎【解析】答案为C。“got” 作系动词时，表示人为所致成一个相对长的过程；“changed”是实义动词，不能接形容词作表语；“went”作系动词时表示情况变坏、糟糕；“appeared”表示表面是这样而事实上并非如此。‎ ‎③It was already past midnight and only three young men _______in the tea house.‎ A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted ‎【解析】答案B。为句意：早已过了半夜，仅有3位年轻人还留在茶房。“remain”作系动词，后可跟名词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词，不定式的被动式作表语。‎ The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to its reality.‎ A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off ‎【解析】答案为B。make up意为“组成、化妆、编造”；figure out意为“理解、弄清楚”；look through意为“浏览”。句意：目前的形势非常复杂，因此我认为要花费我一段时间来弄清楚它的真实性。‎ It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me______ the clothes on the line?‎ A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on ‎【解析】答案为C。get off意为“下车”；get back意为“回来”；get in意为“收集，收获”；get on意为“前进，进展”。表示“收衣服”要用“get in clothes”。‎ ‎①In modern times, people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable ‎ life.‎ A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with ‎【解析】答案为D。live with和put up with类似在此意为“忍受”。句意：在现代社会，人们尽管过着舒适的生活，但他们还得学会忍受各种各样的压力。‎ ‎②______a moment and I will go to your rescue. A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on ‎【解析】答案为B。go on意为“继续”；hold on意为“抓住不放、坚持”；move on意为“继续前进”；carry on意为“继续进行”。根据后句的I will go to your rescue可知，这里应是“坚持住、别松手”。句意：坚持一会儿，我会救你的。‎ ‎—Have you________ some new ideas? ‎—Yeah. I’ll tell you later. ‎ A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with ‎【解析】答案为C。come about意为“发生”；come into意为“进入、得到”；come up with意为“想出、提出”；come out with意为“发表，公布、说出”。句意：“你想出新的主意了吗？”“是的，我过会儿告诉你。”‎ The media can often help solve problems and draw attention _______ situations _______ help is needed.‎ A. in; that B. to; which C. in; where D. to; where ‎ ‎【解析】答案为D。draw/pay attention to意思是“注意；关心”。名词“attention”前可以有“more，little， careful，close， no，some”等形容词修饰，“to”后接名词、代词或动名词。第二空中用“where”引导定语从句。句意：媒体常常能帮助解决问题，关注需要帮助的对象。 ‎ ‎2009年 ‎1.（全国卷I）I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t ‎ A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】get along意为“进展”；get on意为“上车”；get to意为“到达”；只有get through意为“打通电话”符合句意。句意：我试着给她办公室打电话，但是没有打通。‎ ‎2.（全国卷I）Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard. ‎ A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新东西，但是尽量别逼他们。这四个词只有push是“推，逼”之意。‎ ‎3.（全国卷II）If you leave the club, you will not be back in . ‎ A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】be admitted in/into表示“被录取，被接受”。‎ ‎4.（天津卷）—Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.—OK, I’ll call back later. ‎ A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：“对不起我的挂电话了，上课的时间到了。”“好的,我会再打电话来。”hang up表示“挂断电话”break up 表示“开垦(破碎,破坏,解散,结束,衰弱)”give up表示“放弃”hold up 表示“举起(提出,抓举,支持住,阻挡)”。根据句意应选A项。‎ ‎5.（天津卷）Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will __ the main points at the end.‎ A. recover B. review C. require D. remember ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：别担心，如果你一切都不懂，老师会复习要点。recover表示“恢复（健康等）”；review表示“复习”；require表示“需要”；remember表示“记得”，根据句意，应选B。‎ ‎6.（安徽卷）Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.‎ A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】put it是一个常用语, 表示“表达”的意思，正符合本句意思：Scotti教授经常所说的一样, 成功99%的心度。make it意为“获得成功”。‎ ‎7.（安徽卷）We tried to find a table for seven，hut they were all . ‎ A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】give away意为“泄露,捐赠”；keep away意为“控制在外”；take up意为“占据”；use up意为“用光，用尽”=run out of。句意：我们努力寻找一张能供7人吃饭的桌子，但是所有的桌子都有人占了。‎ ‎8.（福建卷）We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems.‎ A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】beg意为“乞求，乞讨，恳求”；hesitate意为“犹豫，踌躇”；desire意为“欲望，愿望”；seek意为“试图，要求”。句意：我们为你服务。当你有任何问题时，请毫不犹豫的向我们求助。选B项。‎ ‎9.（福建卷）The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to all nations to take immediate action. ‎ A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on ‎ ‎10.（湖北卷）Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?‎ A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】该句意思是“你能不能帮我看看这份试卷，看有没有明显的错误？”。look through可表示“检查，浏览”之意。look around意为“环顾”，look into意为“调查”，look up意为“抬头看，查阅”。‎ ‎11.（湖北卷）During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.‎ A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据上句During the war there was a serious lack of food可推测出“即或是富裕家庭也得几天吃不上面包”，应选择do without表示“不用/吃……勉强度过”。eat up意为“吃完”，give away意为“收拾”，deal with意为“应付，处理”。句意：战争时期缺少食品，即使很富有的家庭也不得不将就着连续几天没有面包吃。‎ ‎12.（湖北卷）The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.‎ A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据句意可知此处表示“损失（数据）还没统计……”，应选择calculated。Considered意为“考虑”，completed意为“完成”，controlled意为“控制”均不符合上下文。‎ ‎13.（湖北卷）Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.‎ A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据上句Some parents are just too protective. 可知下文要说父母们想庇荫孩子们不受到任何伤害。shelter做动词可表示“保护；庇护”。Spot意为“弄脏，认出，发现，定位”，dismiss意为“开除，使解散”，distinguish意为“区别”。‎ ‎14.（江苏卷） — I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __ __   . ‎ ‎—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.‎ A. broken up          B. finished up       C. divided up         D closed up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】break up 意为“断绝关系，（婚姻关系）破裂”； finish up意为“结果成为，最终到来”； divide up意为“分担，分配，分享”。close up 意为“（伤口）愈合”。‎ ‎15.（江西卷） It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.‎ A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】look into 意为“调查”。句意：据报道警方不久就要调查两个孩子失踪的案子。‎ ‎16.（山东卷）—Do you have enough to ________all your daily expenses?‎ ‎—Oh yes, enough and to spare. ‎ A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】cover意为“（钱）足够开销/付”。句意：你有足够的钱用于日常开销吗？是的，够了，还能有结余。‎ ‎17.（山东卷） Amy joined a painting group but didn’t seem to _______, so she left. ‎ A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】show off意为“炫耀，卖弄”；go up意为“上升，上涨”；fit in意为“相处融洽，合得来”；come over意为“顺便来访，从远方(或克服障碍后)过来”。‎ ‎18.（陕西卷）A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.‎ A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】send up意为“发射”；give up意为“放弃，传上去”；set up意为“提出，提议；竖起，升起”；put up意为“张贴”。句意：一个通知被张贴出来，以便告知学生们演讲的新时间。‎ ‎19.（四川卷） —Have you __________? —No. I had the wrong number.‎ A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】get in意为“插话，收割”；get away意为“离开，走开”；get off意为“下车”；get through意为“接通电话，完成，到达，通过”，由此可知该题的答案为D，意思是“你接通电话了吗？”‎ ‎20.（四川卷）—How about your journey to Mount Emei? ‎ ‎—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way. ‎ A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】答语的意思是：一切都进展顺利除了我们的汽车在途中抛锚了两次外。break down意为“抛锚”；slow down意为“慢下来”；get down意为“记下，写下”；put down 意为“扑灭”。所以该题的答案为B项。 ‎ ‎21.（浙江卷） The good thing about children is that they very easily to new environments.‎ A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】该句的意思是“对于孩子们来说比较好的是他们能够非常容易的适应新的环境。”adapt to 意为“适应”；appeal to 意为“呼吁，使感兴趣”；attach to意为“粘贴，附属于，隶属于”；apply to意为“申请”。所以答案为A项。‎ ‎22.（浙江卷）Practising Chinese kung fu can not only one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.‎ A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】bring up意为“抚养，呕吐”；take up意为“占去，拿起”；build up意为“增强”；pull up意为“停车”。根据句意“练习中国功夫能够增强人的体质”，所以用build up。‎ ‎2010年 ‎1.(全国I卷) The workers _____ the glasses and marked on each box “this side up”‎ A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词，此题考察动词的词义辨析。carry 意为“搬运”；deliver意为“递送”；press意为“按，压”；pack意为“打包”。句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。‎ ‎2.( 全国II卷8)My mother opened the drawer to _________ the knives and spoons.‎ A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】put away意为“放好，收拾起来”；put up意为“举起，搭建，张贴，挂起”；put on 意为“穿上，戴上”；put together意为“组装，装配，把……凑合起来”。句意：我母亲打开抽屉把刀勺放好。‎ ‎3.(安徽卷)No matter how low you consider yourself ,there is always someone _________you wishing they were that high.‎ A. getting rid of B. getting along with C. looking up to D. looking down upon ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。句意：无论你把自己看得如何低微（卑微），但是总有人仰慕你，同时希望他们有你那么高大。‎ ‎4.(安徽卷)——How did you like Nick’s performance last night ?‎ ‎—— To be honest ,his singing didn’t ________to me much?‎ A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】appeal to 意为“吸引”；belong to意为“属于”；refer to意为“提到；涉及”；occur to意为“突然想到”。句意：她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。‎ ‎5.(福建卷)We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s it.‎ A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】keep up with意为“保持”；do away with意为“废除，去掉”；get down to意为“着手处理”；look forward to意为“盼望，期待”。句意：我们刚刚搬进大一点的房子，因此有许多事情要做。让我们开始做吧。‎ ‎6.(福建卷)——In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.‎ ‎——I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two .‎ A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】第二句意思为：“我非常赞同。两者相结合非常好。”have sth. done意为“使某事被做”。linked项意为“相联系的”；related意为“有关的”；connected意为“相连接的”；combined项意为“同时做，兼有”。由句中I can’t agree more可知，应选D项，其余三项不符合语境。‎ ‎7.(湖北卷)Duty is an act or a course of action that people you to take by social customs, law or religion.‎ A. persuade B. request C. instruct D. expect ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】expect sb. to do意为“期待/希望某人做某事”。request是一种非常客气的请求。persuade是“说服”的意思，instruct是“指导、指示”的意思。‎ ‎8.(湖北卷)Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality.‎ A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects ‎ ‎ D. shapes ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】“要选一个表示“反映”的词，就是reflect。“resemble” = look like; “strengthen”表示“加强，巩固”；“shape”作动词表示“塑形”。 句意：就好像一个人穿什么，吃什么，以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个人的住房也是如此。‎ ‎9. (湖北卷)Had she_________ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.‎ A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据句意：“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。”只有live up to（履行，实行）符合题意。look up to（尊重）；keep up with（跟上）；come up with（追赶上；想出；提出）。‎ ‎10.(江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.‎ A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】attract sb.意为“吸引某人”。句意：成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。‎ ‎11.(江苏卷)The experiment has_________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.‎ A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】rule out排除（可能性）。find out意为“查找出”；point out意为“指出”；carry out意为“执行，实施”。句意：这项实验排除了那个行星上存在生命的可能性，但这并不代表其他行星上也没有生命。‎ ‎12.(江西卷)Parents much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.‎ A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】attach much importance to意为“认为……很重要；关注=pay much attention to”。句意：家长认为教育很重要。他们会尽全力给他们的孩子那份无价礼物的。‎ ‎13.(江西卷)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just sweet dreams.‎ A. keep up with B. put up with C. end up with D. catch up with ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】keep up with意为“保持”；put up with意为“忍受”；end up with意为“以……为结束”； catch up with意为“赶上”。句意：睡觉前闻闻花的香味，你也许会做上好梦。‎ ‎14.(辽宁卷)Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.‎ A. turned on B. turned in C. turned around D. turned out ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查短语动词的用法。turn out 有“外出”的意思，而turn on 则是“打开”，turn in“上床睡觉, 上缴”等意思；turn around是“转身”的意思。只有turn out 符合语境。句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。‎ ‎15.(辽宁卷)The new movie _________to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. ‎ A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】promise除了表示“允诺，答应”外，还有“有……的希望”的意思；agree是“同意，赞同”的意思；pretend是“假装”的意思；decline是“衰老，衰退”的意思。只有promises符合题意。句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。‎ ‎16.(山东卷)Sam _______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ ‎ A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up ‎ 【答案】C ‎ 【解析】表示“学到，尤其指不正规的学到”用pick up; pick up另外还有“捡起;顺车接送,搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等意义；bring up 表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”的意思；look up 表示“向上看；（形势）好转，改善；查阅”的意思；set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”意思。句意：山姆只是凭借着看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。‎ ‎17.(山东卷)Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?‎ ‎ A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct ‎ 【答案】A ‎ 【解析】表示“设法做成某事”用manage it。serve 意为“为……服务；接待”；adapt 意为“使适应，使适合”；construct意为“建造，构筑；构思”。句意：你家里总是那么整洁－－家里有三个孩子，你是怎么设法做到的?‎ ‎18.(陕西卷)You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _________ you, I suppose. ‎ A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】agree with意为“同意，赞成；与……相适应”；agree to意为“同意，赞成（观点，看法等）”；agree on意为“就……达成协议”；agree about意为“对……有相同的看法”。句意：你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。‎ ‎19.(四川卷)Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _________nice. ‎ A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】与上句中的eat with their eyes相对，后句应该为看起来很好吃的东西。故正确答案为A项。‎ ‎20.(四川卷) Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man and left. ‎ ‎ A. took up B. got up C. shut up D. set up ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】get up意为“起床，起立”。故选B。take up意为“从事，占据时间或空间”；shut up意为“闭嘴”；set up意为“建造，搭起”。句意：Jenny正在找一个座位，正在那时，很幸运地，一个人站起来离开了。‎ ‎21.(天津卷)He telephoned the travel agency to_______ three air tickets to London.‎ ‎ A. order B. arrange C. take D. book ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】book和tickets搭配，是“订票”的意思。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。‎ ‎22.(天津卷) Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and _______ as a manager.‎ A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】ended up as 是“作为……而结束”的意思；dropped out是“退出，退学”的意思；came back是“回来”的意思；started off是“动身，出发”的意思。只有A项符合题意。句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。‎ ‎23.(浙江卷)The majority of people in the town strongly __ the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎ A. consider B. support C. confirm D. submit ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】consider意为“考虑，思考，认为等”；support意为“支持，拥护，维持”；confirm意为“证实，确认”；submit意为“使屈服，使经受”。句意：镇上的大多数人都积极地支持为孩子们建造运动场的计划。‎ ‎24.(浙江卷)After that, he knew he could ________any emergency by doing what he could ‎ to the best of his ability.‎ ‎ A. get away with B. get on with C. get through D. get across ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】get away with意为“侥幸逃脱”；get on with意为“与……有好相处”；get through意为“接通，顺利通过，完成”；get across意为“被理解，越过”。句意：经过那件事之后，他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。‎ ‎2011年 ‎1.（新课标卷）I can _________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.‎ A. come up with B. put up with C. turn to D. stick to ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”come up with意为“想出，提出”；put up with意为“忍受, 容忍”；turn to意为“转向，翻到（书的页数），求助于，(使)变成”；stick to意为“坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于”。‎ ‎2.（新课标卷）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight Was beginning to .‎ ‎ A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】disappear意为“消失，不复存在”；fall意为“降落，跌倒，降低”；fail 意为“(指健康)衰退, 衰弱”；damage意为“损害，毁坏，加害于”。句意：William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退。‎ ‎3.（大纲卷）Mary, I _________John of his promise to help you.‎ ‎ A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。remind… of… 意为“就……提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起……”；warn…of…意为“就……警告(某人)”。‎ ‎4.（湖北卷）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _______our thinking.‎ A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】direct意为“指示，指引，导演（戏剧或电影），指挥（管弦乐队）”；limit意为“限制”；change意为“改变”；improve意为“改进，改善”。根据句中but的转折，选B。句意：如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。‎ ‎5.（湖北卷）The minister said, “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never ________ with criminals.”‎ A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据句中的“discussions”可知后面的空格是“谈判”，故答案为A。本句意思是：部长说“我们愿意跟任何合法的组织进行会谈，但我们决不会跟罪犯谈判。” negotiate意为“谈判；商谈”；quarrel意为“争吵；吵架”；argue意为“争论；辩论”；consult意为“商量；商讨；咨询”。‎ ‎6.（湖北卷）Clinical evidence began to _______, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.‎ A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句中的“a wider range of ‎ ...”可知证据开始积累，故答案为D。本句意思是：医学证据开始积累，这表明这些新药比起在实验室里在动物身上所做的预测还有着更大范围的益处。operate意为“操作；运行; 做手术”；strengthen意为“加强”； approve意为“同意；赞成；批准”；accumulate意为“积累；积聚”。‎ ‎7.（湖北卷）The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.‎ A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】take down意为“记下，拿下，拆除；拆卸”；bring down意为“使……降下来，减少，打倒，击败”；hand down意为“把……传下去，留给”；tear down意为“拆毁，撕毁”。根据后面的“以保持市场的稳定”选择B。句意：政府已采取措施使日常用品的高物价下降以保持市场的稳定。‎ ‎8.（山东卷）They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.‎ ‎ A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】put off意为“推迟”；speed up意为“加快”；turn on意为“打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等）”；work out意为“算出，实现”。句意：他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。‎ ‎9.（江西卷）You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t _____ as you expect.‎ A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】run out意为“耗尽”；break out意为“打破，爆发”；work out意为“算出，实现”；put out意为“扑灭”。句意：你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。‎ ‎10.（江苏卷）—Are you still mad at her?‎ ‎ —Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.‎ A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. decline ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：“你还生她的气吗？”“不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny意为“否认，否定”；refuse，reject ，decline都表示“拒绝”的意思。not deny意为“无法否认”，故选A项。‎ ‎11.（江苏卷）—You look upset. What’s the matter?‎ ‎ —I had my proposal _____ again.‎ ‎ A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】turned over是“翻书，翻身，翻倒” 的意思；turned on是“开” 的意思；turned off 是“关” 的意思；turned down是“拒绝”的意思。根据句意，应该是“我的建议遭到拒绝”。‎ ‎12.（安徽卷）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.‎ A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。Develop意为“开发, 发展”，“把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来”，根据句意选D项。‎ ‎13.（安徽卷）If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. ‎ A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】come across是“偶然遇到，碰到、邂逅、发现”的意思；care about意为“关心，在乎”；look for意为“寻找”；focus upon意为“专注于”。句意：如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。‎ ‎14.(浙江卷) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to __________it,‎ A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with ‎ ‎15.（浙江卷） He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night. ‎ ‎ A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】put down意为“放下，平定，镇压，记下”；put off意为“推迟”；put on意为“穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加”；put up意为“举起，建立，张贴，投宿”。根据句意选D。句意：他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。‎ ‎16.（福建卷）I’d prefer to _________my judgment until I find all the evidence.‎ A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。Reserve意为“预订或保留(座位、住处等)， 推迟，留到以后”与后面的until相一致。‎ ‎17.（福建卷）Born into a family with three brothers, David was_________ to value the sense of sharing.‎ A. brought up B. turned down C. looked after D. held back ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：出生在一个有三个哥哥的家庭里，戴维被教导要重视分享意识。bring up意为“养育，抚养，教养”；turn down意为“拒绝，（把声音等）调低”；look after意为“照料，照看”；hold back意为“阻挡，妨碍，控制感情，隐瞒不讲”。根据句意可知A项正确。‎ ‎18.（四川卷）To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test. ‎ A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】go over意为“审查，复习，重温从头到尾检查一遍”；get over意为“越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来”；turn over意为“翻身，翻转，把……移交”；take over意为“接管，接替”。句意：为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。‎ ‎19.（四川卷） I often_______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. ‎ A. look up B. look at C. look for D. look into ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】look up意为“查（单词、电话号码等）”；look at意为“看，注视(某人或某物)”；look for意为“寻找”；look into意为“深入地检查，研究，调查”。句意：我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。‎ ‎20.（辽宁卷）What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You’re ______ to be asleep.‎ ‎ A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】out of bed意为“未上床，起床”；be supposed to do意为“应当，应该”。句意：Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。‎ ‎21.（辽宁卷）You are old enough to _________your own living.‎ ‎ A. win B. gain C. take D. earn ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：你已经到了可以自己谋生的年龄了。earn one’s living意为“挣钱；维持生计”，为固定搭配，还可以说“make one’s living”。‎ ‎22.（辽宁卷）The exam results will be _____ on Friday afternoon.‎ ‎ A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】put up意为“举起，抬起；建立，竖起；张贴；投宿，留宿”；put down意为“放下；平定，镇压，取缔；记下，写下”；put off意为“延期，推迟；拖延”；put away意为“收起来，放好；储存；关押”。 句意：这次考试结果将在星期五下午张贴公布。‎ ‎23.（天津卷）I _______ a bank account after I made﹩1 000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.‎ A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】borrow意为“借（入）”；open意为“开设”；enter意为“进入”；order意为“命令、订购”。根据句意可确定选项为B。open a bank account指“开设银行账户”。 句意：我在暑假中做了一份兼职工作挣了1 000美元之后在银行开了个账户。‎ ‎24.（天津卷）She ________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.‎ A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】turn down意为“拒绝”；deal with意为“对付，处理”；take after意为“ 与……相像，性格 类似于，效仿”；come across意为“穿过，越过，偶然遇见”。句意：昨天在百货商店购物时，‎ 她遇上了她的老朋友。‎ ‎25.（陕西卷）Some insects ________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. ‎ A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】take in意为“吸收，欺骗”；take off意为“拿走, 取下，脱去（衣服等），起飞，事业上的成功/腾飞”；take on意为“承担，呈现，雇用”；take out意为“把……带出去，清除, 除掉”。‎ 句意：一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。‎ ‎1.We can no longer ________ to consider water an almost free resource that we can use as much as we like.‎ A. permit B. afford C. expect D. offer ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】permit doing sth.允许做某事；expect to do sth.期望做某事；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事；afford ‎ to do sth.承受得起做某事。句意：我们再也承受不起把水看作免费的资源，想用多少就用多少。‎ ‎2.His mother kept telling him to his manners at the party. So he became impatient.‎ A. mind B. notice C. watch D. care ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：他的母亲不停地告诉他在晚会上要注意举止，所以他很不耐烦。此处mind表示“注意，‎ 留心”。notice表示“注意到”；watch表示“观察”，都不符合语意；care通常用作不及物动 词，后面不直接跟宾语。‎ ‎3. To the couple’s relief, their only son is now fully 　　　 to health after two months of treatment. ‎ A. reformed B. refreshed C. restored D. renewed ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】句意：令这对夫妇欣慰的是，他们的独生子经过两个月的治疗完全康复了。reform意为“改革，改善”；refresh意为“使精神振作”；restore意为“恢复(健康)，修复”，restore sb. to health“使某人恢复健康”；renew意为“使更新，重新开始，恢复精力”。‎ ‎4.We ________ that the magazines you have borrowed be returned to the school library before the end of this ‎ month.‎ A. hoped B. permitted C. wished D. required ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】以上四个动词，只有“require”有“require that…should+原形动词”的句型。“should”还可以省略。‎ ‎5.The former football champion is __________ of selling heroin to a number of drug users.‎ A. accustomed B. accused C. adjusted D. charged ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】be accused of=be charged with意为“被指控”。‎ ‎6.More and more young girls are ______ to South Korean soap operas because of the beautiful scenes in them.‎ A adapted B addicted C admitted D affected ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】be addicted to 表示“对……上瘾/入迷”。‎ ‎7.The headmaster will __________ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.‎ A. deliver B. address C. announce D. declare ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】解题关键：掌握短语deliver a speech=make a speech意为“做演讲”。‎ ‎8.The two families have________ their disagreements out of court in a friendly way, and this is what all of us expected to see.‎ A. settled B. solved C. defeated D. overcame ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：两家人在法庭外以友好的方式解决了争端, 这也正是我们所有的人所期望看到的。此处settle表示“解决”。solve虽然也有“解决”之意, 但它的宾语通常是“问题, 疑惑, 奥秘”等, 后两项分别表示“打败”, “克服”, 与所给语境不符。‎ ‎9. The new policy will ________ the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.‎ A. discount B. support C. approve D. benefit ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：新政策规定65岁以上的老人乘公交车免费，这使老人们受益。动词benefit意为“使受益，对……有用”，合乎语境。‎ ‎10.Speaking of public health, the spokesman says Chinese government will go all out to ________ product quality, especially food safety.‎ A. confirm B. ensure C. devote D. commit ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】confirm意为“证实，证明，肯定，确认”；commit意为“(就)……作出保证，承诺”；devote意为“致力于”；ensure意为“确保，担保”。句意：谈到公共健康时，那个发言人说，中国政府将全力以赴确保产品质量，特别是食品安全。‎ ‎11. The professor’s speech on environment protection was well ________ by the students.‎ A. paid B. made C. congratulated D. received ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】be well received意为“受到欢迎”。句意：教授关于环保的演说受到学生们的欢迎。‎ ‎12.Drivers, as the traffic rules say, have to stop their cars and wait until the traffic signals　　　　green. ‎ A. get B. grow C. turn D. become ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题考查系动词用法的区别。句意：正如交通规则所述，驾驶员要停车等待直到交通信号变绿。‎ 四个系动词都可接形容词表变化，但turn后常接表颜色的形容词。‎ ‎13.If you keep practising your son in football, he ________to make a famous player.‎ A. wants B. hopes C. promises D. wishes ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：如果你坚持对你儿子进行足球训练，他有希望成为一个著名的球员。promise意为“有前 途，有……的可能”。‎ ‎14.What the young man can’t ________is that his mum always treats him like a baby.‎ A. support B. undertake C. hold D. bear ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】bear 此处表示“忍受”；support 表示“支持”；undertake表示“从事”；hold则表示“容纳”。根据语意“那个年轻人无法容忍的是他的妈妈老师把他当小孩看待”，选D项。‎ ‎15.The girl nodded with a smile as if she had ________his mind.‎ A. read B. found C. watched D. noticed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】read one’s mind 是固定搭配，表示“读懂某人的心思”。‎ ‎16.Thanks to the success of the business, we can ________a flat this year. ‎ A. make B. devote C. remove D. afford ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：由于生意很好，今年我们能买得起房子了。Afford意为“买得起，负担得起”。‎ ‎17.The idea of travelling abroad really _______a lot of Chinese people. That’s why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.‎ A. takes to B. caters to C. attends to D. appeals to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据题中的后一句可知，出国游吸引了很多中国人，因此选择appeal to意为“吸引”。cater to意为“迎合，满足某人的要求”；attend to意为“照看，处理”；take to意为“开始喜欢”。‎ ‎18.He didn’t ________what I said because his mind was on something else.‎ A. hold on B. hang on C. take in D. get over ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：他没有理解我说的话，因为他刚才想别的呢。take in意为“理解，领会”‎ ‎；hold on意为“不挂断（电话）”；hang on意为“坚持，不挂断（电话），靠着，渴望”；get over 意为“爬过，克服，熬过，恢复”。‎ ‎19.—I heard Back Street would sing at the New Theater. ‎—Where did you _____?‎ A. pick that up 　 B. put that up C. make that up 　 D. take that up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】pick up为“获悉或打听到消息”之意。句意：“我听说Back Street将在新戏院演唱。”“你从何处得到这个消息的？”‎ ‎20.As I have an important exam tomorrow, I plan to 　　　　 for study tonight. ‎ A. make up B. stay up C. turn up D. keep up ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】make up意为“构成；化妆；弥补”；stay up意为“熬夜；不睡觉”；turn up意为“出现，调大音量”；keep up意为“保持”。句意：因为明天有个重要的考试，所以我计划今天晚上熬夜学习。‎ ‎21.In order to make as much profit as possible，we must 　　　　 a lot more new business. ‎ A. bring in B. bring about C. take in D. take over ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：为了赚更多的钱，我们必须引进更多的新业务。bring in意为“吸引，引入”，符合句意。bring about意为“带来，造成”；take in意为“领会；接受；欺骗”；take over意为“接管，接任”。‎ ‎22.It seems impossible that the old lady who is so seriously ill can ________ this winter.‎ A. live through B. go through C. pass through D. get through ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：看起来老太太病得很严重，度过这个冬天似乎 是不可能的。live through意为“度过”，符合句意。go through意为“通过”；pass through意为“穿过”；get through意为“接通”。‎ ‎23.—How did it 　　　　 that you made such a silly mistake？‎ ‎—I myself haven’t figured it out yet. ‎ A. bring about B. come about C. come across D. come on ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】come about意为“发生，产生”，用于How did it come about that. . . 的句式中，意为“……怎么发生的？”。bring about意为“使发生，导致”；come across“偶遇，不期而遇”；come on用于督促对方或鼓励对方，意为“赶快，快点”。‎ ‎24.—When did you staying up so late?‎ ‎ —When I entered this school two years ago, where students have too much homework to do.‎ A. take in B. take on C. take down D. take to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】take to在本句中的意思是“逐渐习惯于做某事”。‎ ‎25.The volcano erupted violently , yet the village at the foot of it should _________.‎ A. come through B. go through C. get through D. pass through ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：那座火山剧烈的喷发而山脚下的那个村庄竟然安然渡过危险。此处come through意为“（安然渡过）危机，疾病等”。‎ ‎26.—Sorry, sir. If my bike doesn’t , I won’t be late for school again.‎ ‎ —What you say is hard to believe. This is the eighth time you have said so.‎ A. work out B. come across C. put off D. break down ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】break down意为“出故障，出毛病”，符合题意。‎ ‎27.After studying English for four years in a university, Jane her job as an interpreter in the capital.‎ A. set out B. set up C. took off ‎ ‎ D. took up ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】此处take up意为“从事”。前三项分别表示“出发，开始”“建立”“脱掉，起飞”，都不符合语境。‎ ‎28.This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be ______.‎ A. laid down B. laid out C. laid off D. laid aside ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这家公司要关张了，所以许多工人要下岗。此处laid off意为“下岗”。‎ ‎29.The society today offers the young generation more chances to _______ their talent and skills.‎ A. give out B. take in C. show off D. carry on ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】分析题意为“当今社会给年轻一代提供了更多的机会来展示他们的才能和技能。”由题意可知，空缺处应该是“炫耀；展示”之意，故答案为C项。‎ ‎30.The lectures given by Professor Smith ________a great number of students because of his humorous lecture style and rich knowledge.‎ A. adapt to B. appeal to C. attend to D. contribute to ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】adapt to意为“适应”，appeal to意为“吸引”，attend to意为“照料”，contribute to意为 ‎“对……作贡献”，故本题选B项。句意：由于Smith教授教学风格幽默，知识渊博，他的课 吸引了许多学生。‎ ‎31.—I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans.‎ ‎—It’s just a small informal party，so you don’t have to________.‎ A. warm up B. put up C. dress up D. keep up ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：“我觉得我应该穿礼服不能穿牛仔服。”“这只是一个不太正式的小聚会，因此，你不必刻意打扮。”dress up意为“穿上特殊服装，乔装，化妆”。　‎ ‎32.Everyone in the village hoped that he would ________after a few days’ treatment.‎ A. pick up B. come up C. keep up D. make up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：村里的每一个人都希望他能在几天的治疗后康复。pick up 在本句中意为“好转，恢复”；come up意为“走上前来，发芽，发生”；keep up意为“保持”；make up意为“编造，弥补，化装，构成”。‎ ‎33.It’s impossible for many people to have more free time because their work ________ much of their time.‎ A. takes up B. takes over C. takes off D. takes in ‎ 【答案】A ‎【解析】take up在本句中的意思是“占据(时空)”。‎ ‎34.The market was filled with salted fish，________ the worst smell that you can imagine.‎ A. sending off B. giving off C. putting off D. setting off ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：市场上到处都是咸鱼，发出你能想象出的最难闻的气味。give off意为“发出，放出(蒸汽、光等)”；send off意为“寄出，派遣”；put off意为“推迟，拖延”；set off意为“出发，动身，使爆炸”。‎ ‎35.The little child was curious about drawing. He ______ the young man and his hands.‎ A. glared at B. stared at C. glanced at D. laughed at ‎ 【答案】B ‎【解析】stare at意为“盯着看”； glared at意为“对……怒目而视”； glanced at意为“对……匆匆一看/一瞥”； laughed at意为“嘲笑”。句意：小男孩由于对画画好奇所以他盯着年轻人和他的双手看来看去。‎ ‎36.The most important words in this sentence have been ______, so it doesn’t make any sense. ‎ A. left out B. held out C. set out D. made out ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】此处leave out意为“遗漏”。句意：这个句子中最重要的词被遗漏了，所以没有任何意义。‎ ‎37.We spent many years studying the formation of rocks, experiencing many sufferings and even death. But our ‎ hard work _____in the end, and we made it.‎ A. paid off B. made up C. gave away D. came out ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：我们的艰苦劳动终于得到回报，我们成功了。pay off意为“偿清，回报”；make up意为 ‎“组成，编造，打扮”；give away意为“分发”； come out意为“出版，事实真相大白”。根据 句意选A项。‎ ‎38.The ship struggled in the storm and radio signals for help.‎ A. gave off B. gave out C. gave up D. gave in ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：那艘船在暴风中挣扎并发无线电信号求助。gave off意为“发出（光、热/气味）”； gave ‎ out意为“发出（光、热、信号等）”； gave up意为“放弃”；gave in意为“屈服，让步”。根 据句意选B项。‎ ‎39. All these documents must be ________the university you are applying for before December, 31. ‎ A. donated to B. sent in C. submitted to D. handed in ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】submit 表示“提交；呈递(文件、建议等)”；donated表示“捐献”，不符合句意；如果选用B项，应该用介词to，不可用in；hand in可以表示“交上， 递交， 呈送”，其中的in为副词。‎ ‎40.— Dad, the cat refuses to take medicine. It seems to get angry.‎ ‎— Oh, really? It’s dangerous! ________its attack!‎ A. Watch out for B. Look after C. Take care of D. Look out ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】watch out for表示“留意，留心，密切注意”；look after=take care of（照看，照顾）不符合句 意；look out不能接宾语。故选A项。‎ ‎1-5ACAAD 6-10ABDDA ‎11-15BCADB 16-20CBADD ‎21-25CAABD 26-30BAAAA ‎31-35BBACB 36-40BBBAB ‎41-45ACBAA 46-50BCBBB