模拟演练江苏高考英语词汇复习与检测解析版

模拟演练江苏高考英语词汇复习与检测解析版

一、单项填空(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项)‎ ‎1.—Can you finish the difficult task in such a short time?‎ ‎ —No, it is beyond my _______.‎ A. complex B. competence C. comprehension D. competition ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】complex复杂性；competence能力；comprehension理解，理解力；competition竞争，比赛。句意：“在这么短的时间里你能完成如此困难的任务吗？”“不能，这个任务已经超出了我的能力范围。”‎ ‎2.For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying _______.‎ A. combined B. confused C. concentrated D. connected ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】combine结合；confuse使困惑；concentrate全神贯注，精神集中，专心致志；connect连接，联系。句意：对于那些远离家人的人来说，个人电脑和电话在与家人保持联系方面起着很重要的作用。stay是系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】concentrate on句中注意力于……。句意：小孩子的注意力持续时间十分有限，不能长时间地专注于一个活动。‎ ‎6.No supportive words could ever _______ the pain of being separated from her children for 10 years.  A. come for B. cater for C. compete for D. compensate for ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】come for来取，来拿，来找；cater for迎合；competed for为而竞争；compensate for弥补。句意：‎ 任何表示支持的言语都无法弥补与孩子们分开10年带给她的痛苦。‎ ‎7.Let’s hold a party to _______ your birthday and at the same time _______ you on your success in passing all the mid—term exams.‎ A. congratulate, celebrate B. celebrate, celebrate C. celebrate, congratulate D. congratulate, congratulate ‎【答案】C ‎8.She has a _______ grasp of all the subjects, which helps her stand out in her class . ‎ A. comprehensive B. confidential C. conservative D. compulsory ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】comprehensive全面的；confidential机密的；conservative保守的；compulsory义务的，强制性的。句意：所有科目她都得全面掌握，这有助于她在班上脱颖而出。‎ ‎9.Hundreds and even thousands of Chinese college graduates compete _______ one another fiercely _______ one ‎ civil service position.‎ A. against, with B. to, for C. with, for D. with, against ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】compete with sb. for sth.与某人竞争某物。句意：中国的大学毕业生几百人甚至几千人竞争获得一个公务员的职位。‎ ‎13.The vital _______ to the killer’s identity was his nickname “Peanuts”.   A. comedy B. client C. coincidence D. clue ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】comedy喜剧；client委托人，当事人；coincidence巧合(的事)；clue线索。句意：查明杀手身份的重要线索是他的外号叫“花生”。学*科网 ‎14.Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government, the rest to be _______ from the coming charity concerts. ‎ A. claimed B. circulated C. chosen D. collected ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】collect募集，聚集。句意：地震灾区重建的大部分资金已经由政府下拨，其余的资金将从即将到来的慈善音乐会上募集。‎ ‎18.Facing the fierce competition in job seeking, many university graduates _______ to reduce their own demand for the salary.‎ A. have no access B. have no choice but ‎ C. have no alternative D. have no choice except ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】have no choice but除了……外别无选择(后接to不定式)。have no alternative to doing sth.与 have no ‎ alternative but to do sth.同义，均表示“除了做某事外没有其他的办法”。句意：面对激烈的就业竞争，许多大学毕业生除了降低他们对工资的要求以外别无选择。‎ ‎25.As for your _______ about the defective shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back.‎ A. composition B. compromise C. complaint D. concept ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】complaint抱怨，控诉，投诉。句意：先生，对于你的鞋的质量问题的投诉，我将向主管汇报，咨询是换双新的还是退钱。‎ ‎32.The teacher wants the children to feel _______ about asking questions when they don’t understand.‎ A. certain B. concerned C. sure D. confident ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】be/feel confident about对……有信心；be certain about＝be sure about确信；be concerned about关心，挂念。句意：教师要求孩子们遇到不懂的问题就大胆提问。‎ ‎33.Growing up can be difficult, for you will come across many things that _______ you.‎ A. connect    B. conduct      C. condemn    D. confuse ‎【答案】D ‎【解祈】confuse使困惑。句意：成长的过程可能是困难的，因为你会遇到很多让你困惑的事情。‎ 二、完形填空(从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项)‎ Mastery of a language is one of the greatest skills that one can ever have. Many people have a passion for learning languages. Human language ___1___ evolve from hand gestures and other signs that people used to ___2___ with each other. Ancient people started with drawing ___3___ about what they wanted to say, which later on evolved into some languages, after which many other dialects(方言)have come into ___4___. With over 2,700 different languages and 7,000 dialects ___5___ all over the world, the world has many different cultures that ___6___ speak their native dialects.‎ One such ___7___ that is even older than the holy book Quran(the finest work in classical Arabic ___8___) is Arabic. It is known to be one of the most ___9___ spoken languages, as over 300 million people speak in this tongue. In case you want to learn it, then there are many Arabic translation services that ___10___ people how to actually speak the language. This language alone has hundreds of different dialects that are used by people depending on what ____11____ they are at. It is ___12___ that people who speak ___13___ languages find it difficult to communicate with each other because of the difference in dialect; ___14___, just like every other language, this language also has a standard language which is used in broadcasts, newspapers, magazines and even in ___15___ that teach Arabic as their second language.‎ So if you want to ___16___ what a person who has a different Arabic dialect is trying to say, you would need the ___17___ of Arabic translation services. As mentioned earlier, they teach this language; however, you need to have enough time to learn it ___18___ it is also known to be one of the most ___19___ languages that one can learn. In fact, many university students who major in this language get help from these agencies, making it ___20___ for them to learn it.‎ 语篇解读：文章介绍了世界语言的概括和被广泛使用的阿拉伯语的情况。‎ ‎4.A. sight B. effect C. fashion D. action ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：古代的人们开始把他们想说的东西画出来，后来演变成一些语言，之后许多其他的方言开始生效。A. sight视力，景色；B. effect影响，效果；C. fashion时尚，时装；D. action行动，活动。短语come into effect意为“开始生效”，故选B。‎ ‎5.A. concerned B. useful C. present D. familiar ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：世界上有超过2700种不同的语言和7000种方言。A. concerned有关的，关心的；B. useful有用的；C. present存在的；D. familiar熟悉的，常见的。故选C。‎ ‎6. A. meanwhile B. still C. seldom D. never ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：世界有许多不同的文明，仍然说着自己的母语。A. meanwhile同时，期间；B.‎ ‎ still仍然；C. seldom很少，不常；D. never从不。故选B。学*科网 ‎10.A. advise B. teach C. explain D. remind ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：如果你想要学习它，那么有很多阿拉伯语翻译服务项目教会人们如何真正地说这种语言。A. advise建议；B. teach教；C. explain解释；D. remind提醒。使想起。故选B。‎ ‎14.A. therefore B. however C. besides D. otherwise ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：然而，就像其他语言一样，这种语言也有一种标准语言，用于广播、报纸、杂志，甚至在教授阿拉伯语作为第二语言的学校里。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. besides另外；D. otherwise否则。故选B。‎ ‎15.A. schools B. restaurants C. circuses D. supermarkets ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：然而，就像其他语言一样，这种语言也有一种标准语言，用于广播、报纸、杂志，甚至在教授阿拉伯语作为第二语言的学校里。A. schools学校；B. restaurants餐厅；C. circuses马戏团；D. supermarkets超市。故选A。‎ ‎16.A. repeat B. forecast C. research D. understand ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：句意：所以如果你想理解一个有不同阿拉伯方言的人想说的是什么，你需要阿拉伯语翻译服务的帮助。A. repeat重复；B. forecast预测；C. research研究；D. understand理解。故选D。‎ ‎17.A. list B. help C. command D. review ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：所以如果你想了解一个有不同阿拉伯方言的人想说的是，你需要阿拉伯语翻译服务的帮助。A. list列表；B. help帮助；C. command掌握，精通；D. review回顾，复习。故选B。‎ 三、任务型阅读(请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词)‎ Pleasure and Enjoyment When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness consists in experiencing pleasure: good food, all the comforts that money can buy. We imagine the satisfaction of traveling to exciting places or being surrounded by expensive devices. If we cannot afford those goals, then we are happy to settle for a quiet evening in front of the television set with a drink close by.‎ Pleasure is a feeling of contentment that one achieves whenever expectations set by biological programs or by social conditioning have been met. The taste of food when we are hungry is pleasant because it reduces a physiological (生理的)imbalance. Resting in the evening while passively absorbing information from TV, with alcohol or drugs to dull the mind overexcited by the demands of work, is pleasantly relaxing. Traveling to Acapulco is pleasant because the exciting novelty (新奇)restores our sensations (感觉)exhausted by the repetitive routines of everyday life.‎ When people think further about what makes their lives rewarding, they tend to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (重叠)with pleasurable ones but fall into a category that deserves a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events occur when a person has not only met some expectation or satisfied a need or a desire but also gone beyond what he or she has been programmed to do and achieved something unexpected, perhaps something even unimagined before.‎ Enjoyment is characterized by this forward movement: by a sense of novelty, of accomplishment. Playing a close game of tennis that stretches one’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that reveals things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. Closing a contested business deal, or any piece of work well done, is enjoyable. None of these experiences may be particularly pleasurable at the time they are taking place, but afterward we think back on them and say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, that our self has grown: in some respect, we have become more complex as a result of it.‎ Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two sensations are quite different. For instance, everybody takes pleasure in eating. To enjoy food, however, is more difficult. A gourmet (美食家)enjoys eating, as does anyone who pays enough attention to a meal so as to discriminate the various sensations provided by it. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any investment of psychic energy, whereas enjoyment ‎ happens only as a result of unusual investments of attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, but it is impossible to enjoy a tennis game, a book, or a conversation unless attention is fully concentrated on the activity.‎ Pleasure and Enjoyment Main contents Detailed information Pleasure ‎●Pleasure is a feeling that one achieves what one has 1________ on a biological or social level.‎ ‎●Things like good food, exciting travelling and a quiet rest can bring one pleasure because they can help restore one’s physiological balance, reduce one’s heavy 2________ pressure and save one from boredom.‎ Enjoyment ‎●Enjoyment 3________ from the achievement of something unexpected or even unimagined before.‎ ‎●Enjoyment 4________ a sense of novelty and accomplishment such as a close tennis game, a valuable book and a conversation productive of ideas.‎ ‎5________‎ ‎●Pleasure is often related to the comforts that money can buy, while enjoyment, more linked to one’s inner world, makes one feel rewarded and change for the 6________.‎ ‎●While some experiences give both pleasure and enjoyment, some enjoyable ones are not pleasurable when taking place but bring wonderful feelings 7________.‎ ‎●Pleasure requires no 8________ while enjoyment can never be achieved without the investment of the full 9________ of attention.‎ Conclusion Enjoyment is a 10________ level of pleasure and the two differ from each other in several aspects.‎ 语篇解读：文章分别介绍了娱乐和愉快的特点，并对两者进行了比较。‎ ‎7.【答案】afterward(s)/later ‎【解析】信息afterward(s)/later根据第四段None of these experiences may be particularly pleasurable at the time they are taking place, but afterward we think back on them and say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again.‎ ‎ 这些经历在它们发生的时候都不会特别令人愉快，但之后我们会回过头来对它们说：“那真的很有趣”，并希望它们能再次发生。可知是过后感觉有趣，故填afterward(s)/later。学*科网