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人教版必修三unit2高考复习
Unit2 Book3 基础梳理 Ⅰ.词汇与派生 1.diet n.日常饮食;vi.节食→______ a diet节食 2._______vt.平衡;权衡;n.天平;平衡→_______ adj.平衡的 3.lie n.谎言;vi.说谎→lie ______..(原因、事实)在于…… 4._______n.折扣→______ a discount打折 5.________ n.缺点;弱点;虚弱→__________n.缺点,短处(常用复数) 6.consult vt.咨询;请教;商量→refer ______/consult a dictionary ______ sth.=look up sth. _____ a dictionary在词典中查阅……→__________n. 顾问;咨询者;会诊医生 7.debt n.债,债务→_______ debt欠债 8.glare vi.怒目而视;n.怒视→glare ____怒视→________at凝视→_______ at瞥一眼;扫视 9.______vi. & vt.窥视;秘密监视;n.间谍→spy ____暗中监视,侦查 10.______ vi. & n.叹息,叹气→______ n.迹象;招牌;手势;vi. & vt.签名,签字;打手势 11.curiosity n.好奇心→_______ adj.好奇的→___________curiosity出于好奇 12.hostess n.女主人;女主持人→______主人;节目主持人;主办国(城);vt.主办;主持 13.________ n.强项,长处;力量→________ vt.巩固,加强 14.digest vi. & vt.消化;n.摘要→_______n.消化 15.limit vt.限制,限定;n.界限;限度→_________ adj.有限的 16.benefit n.利益,好处;vt. & vi.有益于,有助于;受益→______ adj.有利的;有用的,有益的 17.combine vt. & vi.(使)联合;(使)结合→__________ n.结合(体),联合(体) 语境助记 Out of curiosity,I consult her about how she keeps so slim and energetic. She explains that she never discounts the strength of the balance of a diet. She benefits from more fiber and the limited amount of fat. Believe it;it’s not a lie. 学情自测 根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Sunshine and moisture(湿度) are _________(benefit) to living things. 2.It’s our duty to keep it ___________(balance). 3.Exercise and proper diet make you healthy and _________(strength). 4.They stood there,__________(glare) at each other without a word. 5. If he can________his ability with hard work,he should be very successful. 6.If the pain continues,__________(consult) your doctor. Ⅱ.短语与拓展 1.______weight体重减轻;减肥→put________ weight增加体重 2.get _______ with被放过;(做坏事)不受惩罚→get _______逃离,逃脱 3.win..._______赢回;重新获得 4. be amazed ______..对……感到惊讶 5.cut ______削减;删节→cut ______切掉,剪下;切断,断绝 6.before _______不久以后→________ before很久以前;很长时间之后才…… 7.(be) tired _____.对……厌烦、厌倦→(be) tired _______..由于……疲劳 学情自测 根据语境选择上述短语的适当形式填空 1.If you cheat in the exam,you’ll never __________it. 2.You ought to __________on your intake of rich foods in order to keep healthy. 3.David ___________ by writing articles for newspapers. 4.I’m sure these improvements will allow us to win_back our market share. 5.Everybody was _____________ his design. 6.That had happened_________(=a long time earlier).We’ll know _________(=soon). 高频考点 重点单词 1.balance n均衡;平衡;v.平衡;权衡 keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡 on balance总的来说,off balance失去平衡的 balance...against权衡,比较 balanced adj.平衡的 keep a balanced diet保持饮食平衡 (1)The key is to get your life back in balance. (2)You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. (3)I think on balance I prefer the new education system. 2.consult v.咨询;请教;商量;查阅;参看 consult a dictionary查字典 consult with sb. about/on sth.就某事与某人交换意见 consult sb. about sth.向某人咨询某事 consultant n.顾问 (1) (3)We will be consulting with representatives from several different industries. (2)He consulted with his partners about that investment. 3.benefit n.优势;利益;成效;v.使受益;得益于 benefit from/by从……中受益 be of benefit to=be beneficial to对……有益 for one’s benefit=for the benefit of sb.为帮助某人;为某人的利益 beneficial adj.有利的;有用的 (1)One is testing with real patients,so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. (2)These small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates. (3)The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.=The new regulation will be_beneficial_to everyone concerned. 4.glare v.怒视;n.怒视;瞪眼 glare at怒目而视 in the glare of在……的注目下 glance at看一眼,瞥一眼 at a glance一眼,立刻 at first glance乍一看 stare at凝视;盯着……看 (1)Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband,who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. (2)The old gentleman just stood there glaring_at the pickpocket. (3)The sun glared down, dazzling them. 易混辨析 glare,glance,stare (1)glare侧重于怒视,暗含敌对或威胁的态度。 (2)glance指快速地看或瞥一眼。 (3)stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。 练习 (1)They didn’t fight, but stood there _______ at one another. (2)She is so afraid of the big dog that she ______ at it without moving a little. (3)The chairman _______ at his watch and announced the meeting was over. 5. limit n. 限制;限度;界线vt. 限制;限定limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的 limit sb./sth. to... 限制某人/某事到某种程度 put a limit on... 对……限制 there is a limit to对……是有限的 without limit 无限地,无限制地 1. Don't drive so fast! You must keep within the speed limit. 2. Many animals either limit their activity during the winter. 3. There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend. 对点自测 Ⅰ.语境填词 glare,benefit,consult,balance, limit 1.Athletes need a good sense of _______. 2.They _______at each other across the table. 3.I have typed out some lecture notes for the _______of those people who were absent last week. 4._________t the timetable to see when the last train leaves. 5. The speed limit on this road is 70 mph. Ⅱ.单项填空 1.I think we need to see an investment________before we make an expensive mistake. A.guide B.thinker C.consultant D.lawyer 2.The teacher glanced________this student who was busy________a picture. A.to;drawing B.at;draw C.at;drawing D.at;to draw 3.Who is most likely to________the old lady’s death? A.benefit B.benefit from C.be beneficial D.be beneficial to 4.I think it’s important to keep a ________ between study and a social life. A.distribution B.balance C.combination D.assignment 5. Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also________our thinking. A.direct B.limit C.change D.improve 重点短语 1.get away with(做了某事)而不受惩罚;携带……跑掉 get across解释清楚,使人了解 get along/on with进展;(与……)相处 get around/round走动;(消息)传开 get down to开始;着手 get sb.down使沮丧;使悲伤 (1)If cats and dogs can learn to get along,surely people have a good chance. (2) She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to get away with it. (3)News soon got around that he had resigned. 2.cut down砍倒;削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目);驳倒 cut in (on sth.)插嘴;插入 cut off切断;切掉;隔绝 cut out剪除,切掉,割掉;删除 cut up切碎(=cut...into pieces) cut sth.in half/in two将……对半切开 (1)I wish Marie would stop cutting ____ on our conversation all the time. (2)The electricity company is threatening to cut us ___. (3) This article is too long, so you have to cut it ____ to 1,000 words. (4) Before we can print this book,you will have to cut ______ all the dirty words. 3.He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉! [解释] have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事 have sb./sth. doing sth. 容忍某人或某物总是干 have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to) have sb./sth. done sth. 请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做),(主语)遭受了不好的事情 [典例] 1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock this morning till now. 2). I’ ll have him finish my work. 3). I had my hair cut. 4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday. 对点自测 Ⅰ.选词填空 cut down,get away with, have…burning 1.He was asking $500 for the car,but we ________ to $300. 2.Those who lie and cheat will never _________it. 3.It was cold,and she_____the fire_____ all day and night. Ⅲ.单项填空 1.In winter,some rich people fly south to________the cold weather in the north. A.get close to B.get away from C.get off D.get down to 2.If you don’t ________ your smoking,I will ________ your supply. A.cut up;cut down B.cut down;cut off C.cut in;cut off D.cut in;cut up 3.The director had her assistant ________ some hot dogs for the meeting. A.picked up B.picks up C.pick up D.picking up 4.The manager tried to explain the problem,but what he said didn’t ______ to the players. A.get away with B.get over C.get down D.get across 5.—Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He ________,because he doesn’t know much about computers. A.has it fixed B.had fixed it C.had it fixed D.fixed it 语法复习-情态动词(二) need need 用于表示“需要,必要”之意。做情态动词时,仅用于否定句和疑问句,只有现在时,过去式要用needn't have,疑问式用need+人称?,否定式用need not(即needn't), 1.—Need we leave soon? —Yes, you must.(No, you needn't) 2.You needn't have hurried. (=It was not necessary for you to hurry,but you did).你当时不必这么匆忙。 做实义动词时,其变化与一般的实义动词相同,后接带to的不定式(need doing = need to be done ),过去式用needed、did you need?和didn't need,肯定式用needs/needed/need,疑问式用do、does、did提问,否定式要在前面加don't、doesn't、didn't 1. A job like nursing needs patience and understanding. 2.He needs to see a doctor. 3.Do you still need volunteers to help clean up after the party? 4.They didn't need to start so early. dare dare 用于表示“敢于”之意。做情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中 1.—Dare you tell her the truth? —Yes, I dare. /No, I daren’t. 3. How dare you accuse me of lying! 4. He daren’t admit this. 用作实义动词时,其变化与一般的实义动词相同。在肯定句中,dare后接带to的不定式;否定句中,dare后既可接带to的不定式,也可接不带to的不定式。 1. Only a few journalists dared to cover the story. 2. He doesn’t dare (to) go there alone. 3. Don’t you dare (to) touch it? 情态动词+have done 用法 must have done 表示主观上对过去已经发生的行为进行推测,意为“想必,准是,一定做了某事 1. She must have gone through a lot. 2. He must have visited the White House during his stay in the United States. may/might have done 表示对过去已发生行为的推测,意为“也许/或许已经(没有)……“。一般用于肯定句或否定句中,不用于疑问句。用might则表示语气更加不肯定。 1. You may have learnt the news. 2. He may not have heard his name called. 3. Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. can…have done cannot have done 表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定,通常用在否定句和疑问句中。(can换成could时语气委婉) 1. Where can she have gone? 2. Could he have done such a foolish thing? 3. The boy can’t have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult. could have done 可用于肯定句中,表示“可能已经……”之意,此外,还可以表示过去能做而没做的事,有一种对过去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。 1. He could have killed himself driving at a dangerous speed. 2. You could have been more considerate. 3. You could have done better, but you were too careless. might have done 表示“本来可能……,但实际上没有发生的事情”。另外,还可以表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意,含有轻微的责备语气。 1. You should not swim in that sea. You might have been eaten by a shark. 2. He might have given him more help, thought he was busy. should/ought to have done 用于肯定句时,表示本该做某事,而实际上未做;用于否定句时,则表示不该做的事反而做了。 1. He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing. 2. You shouldn’t have done it so carelessly. 3. You ought to have returned the book earlier. 4. You ought not to have refused his offer. needn’t have done 表示做了本来不必去做的事。注意:didn’t need to do表示“没必要做而实际上也没有做某事” 1. You needn’t have watered the plants, for it is going to rain. 2. I didn’t need to buy the dictionary. I had a copy at home. had better have done 用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事”,其否定式had better not have done表示相反的含义。 1. You had better have started earlier. 2. You had better not have scolded her. would rather have done 表示“当时宁愿做了某事”,其否定式would rather not have done表示相反的含义,两者都表示“后悔”之意。 1.I would rather have taken his advice. 2.I would rather not have told him the truth. 练习题 1. People are recycling many things which they away in the past. A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown 2. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night. A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk 3. —I’m sorry.I at you the other day. —Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself. A.shouldn’t shout B.shouldn’t have shouted C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted 4. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it? A. need B. must C. should D. could 5. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 6. We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner. A.may not B.needn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t 7- What are you doing this Saturday? - I’m not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert. A. must B. would C. should D. might 8. Rose _________ tell her mother that she didn’t pass the exam. A.dare not to B.doesn’t dare to C.doesn’t dare D.dares not 9. When I was a child, I______watch TV whenever I wanted to. A. should B. could C. must D. need 10. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold. A. could B. must C. dare D. need 11. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. need 12. I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day. A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed 13. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 14. I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money. A. can B. might C. would D. need 15. I _use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't 16. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ____ say where he was. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t 17. ——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? ——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting . A.will B.must C.may D.can 18.——Will you read me a story ,Mummy? ——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. A. might B. must C. could D. shall 19. Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong– willed man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 20. Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling. A.will B.can C.must D.may查看更多