中考英语专题复习状语从句考点讲解

中考英语专题复习状语从句考点讲解

中考英语专题复习六：状语从句的考点讲解 ‎【考点直击】‎ 时间状语从句　　when, as, while, before, after, since, till, not……until, as soon as等连词来引导。 ‎ 原因状语从句　　because, since, as, for, now that, etc. ‎ 条件状语从句　　if, unless（除非）,‎ 目的状语从句　　in order that, so that,‎ 结果状语从句　　so…that, so that, such…that, ‎ 让步状语从句　　though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever,‎ 比较状语从句　　as…as, so…as, than,‎ 地点状语从句　　where, wherever ‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。状语从句可置主语之前，也可置于主语之后。前置时，从句后用逗号与主句隔开；后置时，与主句之间无标点符号。‎ n 时间状语从句 ‎(1)时间状语从句常用when/ as/ while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。‎ 例如： ‎ It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday.‎ While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.‎ As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.‎ He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.‎ After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.‎ l when 、as和 while的区别：‎ ‎1） when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。‎ ‎　　例如：‎ When she came in, I stopped eating.‎ 她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬间动词)‎ When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.‎ 当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）‎ ‎　　We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。(瞬间动词)‎ ‎2）While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并 ‎ 且while有时还可以表示对比。‎ 例如： ‎ ‎　 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. ‎ ‎(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)‎ ‎　　I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）‎ ‎3）As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可 ‎ 以强调“一先一后。‎ 例如： ‎ We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）‎ As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。‎ ‎（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）‎ ‎ (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：‎ I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.‎ I will tell him everything when he comes back. ‎ He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. ‎ ‎(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：‎ The young man read till the light went out.‎ Let’s wait until the rain stops. ‎ ‎ We won’t start until Bob comes.‎ ‎ Don’t get off until the bus stops.‎ 历年中考题：‎ ‎( )1. It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers____people get off the bus. （2009·河南）‎ A. after B. since C. until D. when ‎( )2. I will call you as soon as I ______ the ticket to the football match. （2009·陕西绥德）‎ A. will get   B. get       C. got       D. am getting ‎( )3.---It’s raining, Daisy．Please________ an umbrella with you. （2009·深圳） ---Thanks. I’ll return it to you when I______ next week．‎ ‎  A. take, come    B. take, will come  C. bring，come  D. bring, will come ‎( )4. Peter likes reading a newspaper____ he is having breakfast. (2010 .河北省卷,42. 1)‎ A. until B. while C. because D. though ‎( )5.Many students didn’t realize the importance of study ___ they left school. (2010.江苏省盐城市12. 1)‎ A. when B. until C. as D. after ‎( )6.You should go over your test paper _____ you hand it in . (2010.浙江省衢州市23. 1)‎ A. before B. though C. because D. as soon as ‎ ( )7.Scientists say it may be a few years ______it is possible to test the new medicine on patients. (2010.江苏省无锡市.12. 1)‎ A. because B. after C. before D .since ‎ ( )8.Mr. Brown knew nothing about the good news ______his wife told it to him. (2010广西南宁32. 1）‎ A. before B. after C. since D. if ‎ ( )9.We won’t start the meeting ______our teacher arrives. (2010·天津市，41，1）‎ A. though B. until C. while D. or n ‎ 条件状语从句 ‎(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless=if …not引导。例如：‎ What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?‎ Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.‎ ‎(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：‎ I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.‎ He won’t be late unless he is ill.‎ ‎(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：‎ Hurry up, or you’ll be late.‎ ‎=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.‎ Study hard and you will pass the exam.‎ ‎=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.‎ l If 和when双面孔：‎ 区分if和when引导宾语从句和状语从句的不同：‎ When引导时间状语从句的时候意为“当…的时候”，引导宾语从句的时候意为“什么时候”；‎ If 引导条件状语的时候意为“如果”，引导宾语从句意为“是否”。‎ ‎( )1. —Mike wants to know if ___ a picnic tomorrow． ‎ ‎ —Yes. But if it ___, we'll visit the museum instead A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain ‎ C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains ‎( )2. —Do you know when he ___ back tomorrow？ ‎ ‎ —Sorry, I don't. When he ___ back, I'll tell you A. comes; comes B. comes; will come ‎ C. will come; comes D. will come; will come 历年中考题：‎ ‎( )1. Tommy, do you know if Frank ______ to the zoo this Sunday if it _______?（2009·湖北孝感） ‎ ‎— Sorry, I have no idea. ‎ A. will go; is fine                    B. goes; is fine C. will go; is going to be fine          D. goes; will be fine ‎ ‎( )2. If I find his phone number, I ______ you. （2009.北京）‎ A. tell B. told       C. will tell       D. have told ‎( )3. I bet Mrs. Black will come to help us with the celebration if she ______ too busy tomorrow. （2009·吉林通化）‎ A. is B. will be C. won’t be D. isn’t ‎( )4. —David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it．（2009·深圳）‎ ‎—But it_______ off already！The music is from the radio． A. so that , has been turned    B. when, has turned C. if, has been turned    D. because, has turned ‎ ‎( )5.I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it ______,we won’t go on a picnic. (2010.四川省内江市39. 1)‎ A. rains; ;rains B. will rain ;rains C. will rain; will rain ‎( )6.—Could we play football in your playground, Sir? (2010·江苏省扬州市，，41）‎ ‎ --No, _____ you have the principal’s note.‎ A. if B. unless C. because D. since ‎( )7.--I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week. (2010·山东省莱芜市，27，1）‎ ‎ --Really? _______ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy,‎ ‎ A．If B．Until C．Unless D．Before n ‎ 原因状语从句 ‎(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：‎ He didn’t come to school because he was ill.‎ As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.‎ Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.‎ ‎(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从j句多放在句首。例如：‎ ‎------Why aren’t going there?‎ ‎------Because I don’t want to.‎ As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.‎ Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.‎ ‎(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。‎ n ‎ 结果状语从句 ‎(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：‎ He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.‎ She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.‎ My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.‎ ‎(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：‎ ‎1）在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。‎ 其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：‎ He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word. ‎ The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.‎ Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.‎ ‎2）在由 such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：‎ It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.‎ He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.‎ He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.‎ ‎ 3）有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如： ‎ It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.‎ ‎=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again. ‎ It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.‎ ‎=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.‎ ‎(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：‎ Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.‎ He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.‎ 历年中考题：‎ ‎( )1.You have to leave now ____ you can catch the early bus. (2010山东省潍坊市29. 1)‎ A. so that B. as soon as C. because D. if ‎( )2.---Did you catch what the teacher said? (2010·青海省，宁夏，33，1）‎ ‎---No. She spoke so fast _______ I couldn’t hear her very clearly. ‎ A. which B. that C. when D. since ‎( )3.The teacher speaks very loudly____all the students can hear her. (2010·广东省，18，1）‎ A. so that B. because C. since D. when n ‎ 比较状语从句 比较状语从句通常由（not）as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：‎ Tom runs faster than John does. ‎ This classroom is as big as that one.‎ 历年中考题： ‎ ‎( )1. Don’t laugh at her. She is ______ any of the students in your class. （2009·山东烟台）‎ A. as clever a student as B. as a clever student as C. so clever a student as D. so a clever student like ‎ n ‎ 目的状语从句 ‎(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：‎ We started early so that we could catch the first train.‎ He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.‎ We used the computer in order that we might save time.‎ ‎(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：‎ ‎1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。‎ ‎2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： ‎ Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)‎ Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)‎ n ‎ 让步状语从句 ‎(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：‎ Though he is young, he knows a lot.‎ Although I am tired, I must go on working.‎ ‎(2)although(though)与but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：‎ 我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.‎ 应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.‎ 历年中考题： ‎ ‎( )1. _____ Switzerland is very small, _____ it is the land of watch and it is very rich. （2009·湖北孝感）‎ A. Though; but  B. Because; so    C. Because; /    D. Though; / ‎ ‎( )2.____ it's difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives up. (2010·河南省，25，1）‎ ‎ A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If ‎( )3.Mary spends a lot of money on clothes _______ her family is not rich. (2010·山东省菏泽市，27，1）‎ A. because B. though C. if D. so ‎( )4.Many children like fried chicken _______it is unhealthy food. (2010福建三明29. 1)‎ A. if B. because C. although n 地点状语从句 ‎ 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：‎ ‎ Go where you like.‎ ‎ Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ ‎( )1. —What should I do here？（2009·湖北武汉）‎ ‎—Just put all the things_______ they were. ‎ A. where B. when C. whose D. which n 课后练习 一、选择填空 ‎1．Lucy knew nothing about it _________her sister told her.［河北省］‎ A.because B.until C.if D.since ‎2．Other people won't be pleased if he________ the queue.［河南省］  A.will jump B.jumps C.jump D.jumped ‎3． The young man travelled all over the world _________he had a man-made leg.［河南省］ A.though B.if C.as D.because ‎4．The students will go to Summer Palace if it_________tomorrow.［甘肃省］ A.don't rain B.won't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain ‎ ‎5．The driver hurt the girl______badly_______she had to see a doctor.［新缰］ A.so,that B.either,or C.too,to D.neither,nor ‎ ‎6．Mrs Read didn't sleep well last night because the wind made too much noise.对句子划线部分提问) ‎ ‎ _______________Mrs Read __________well last night?‎ ‎7．David was so careless that he didn't find the mistakes in his test paper.(改为简单句)［福州市］ ‎ David was_________careless _________ find the mistakes in his test paper. ‎ ‎8.The ice on the lakewas so thin that people couldn't skate on it. ‎ The ice on the lake was _____thick _______ _______people______ ______ _____.‎ ‎9.The girl was too excited to say a word. ‎ The girl was ______excited_____he couldn't say a word. ‎10.The men was so old that he couldn't climb the hill. ‎ The man was _____old ______climb the hill 二、课时训练 ‎( )1. It _____ ten years since they ____ to France.‎ A. as; covered B. was; have moved ‎ ‎ C. is; have moved D. is; moved ‎ ‎( )2.He ____ wait until the rain ____． ‎ ‎ A. won't; will stop B. won't; stop ‎ ‎ C. will; stops D. will; will stop ‎ ‎( )3.He will go to the Great Wall if it ___ tomorrow． ‎ A. won't rain B. doesn't rain ‎ ‎ C. don't rain D. isn't raining ‎ ‎( )4. ___ you eat old food, you may be ill.‎ A. Before B. Why C. If D. Which ‎ ‎( )5. Jack runs as ___ as Tom． ‎ A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. Much ‎( )6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ___ that nobody could answer it． ‎ ‎ A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult ‎ ‎( )7. I can't understand this passage _____ there are no new words in it． ‎ ‎ A. if B. because C. though D. and ‎ ‎( )8.“Why did Li Lei use a pencil? ” “ _____ his pen was broken．” ‎ ‎ A. Because B. When C. Until D. If ‎ ‎( )9.He was_________angry to hear the news that he couldn't say a word. A.so B.too C.very D.much ‎( )10.They are_____lovely boys that all the teachers love them. ‎ ‎ A.so B.too C.such D.many ‎( )11.Because his mother was ill,_________he must stay at home to look after her.‎ ‎ A./ B.so C.that D.either ‎( )12.Though the workers were very tired，_________they went on planting trees. ‎ A.and B.but  C./ D.so ‎( )13.They didn't watch TV_____they finished their homework.‎ ‎ A.after B.when C.until D.as ‎( )14.I'll write to you as soon as I_________Beijing. A.get to B.arrive C.will get to D.will arrive ‎( )15.We'll have a trip if it_________rain. ‎ A.won't B.will  C.don't D.doesn't ‎( )16._________you hurry up ,or we will be late for school. ‎ A.If B./ C.Unless D.When ‎( )17.He saves money_________he can buy some birthday presents for his mother. ‎ A.so B.so that C.such that D.in order ‎( )18.—Why are you late for school? ‎ —_________ I got up late. A.Because B.For C.Since D.As ‎( )19.He will tell his mother when his mother______back. A.come B.will come  C.comes D.to come ‎( )20.If you ______ carefully,you_______the report well. ‎ A.will listen,will be understood B.will listen,understand C.listen，will understand D.listen，understand 三、写作：‎ ‎ Mike 是我的好朋友，他的年龄和我一样大。自从他来到我们班，我们就成了好朋友。她是如此的善良友好以至于大家都非常喜欢她。虽然他是一个外国人，但他学习非常努力。他每天一到家就写作业，… … 尽量用上今天所学连词as…as , since, so…that, though, as soon as,…‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎