2011广州中考英语高分复习专题2形容词副词考点讲解和训练

2011广州中考英语高分复习专题2形容词副词考点讲解和训练

‎　2012中考英语复习专题（2）：形容词、副词考点讲解和训练 ‎　【考点直击】‎ ‎　　1. 形容词的用法；‎ ‎　　2. 副词的用法；‎ ‎　　3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；‎ ‎　　4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。‎ ‎　　【名师点睛】‎ ‎　　1. 形容词的用法 ‎　　（1） 形容词在句中作定语， 表语， 宾语补足语。 例如：‎ ‎　　Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语）‎ ‎　　The fish went bad. （作表语）‎ ‎　　We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）‎ ‎　　（2） 形容词修饰something， anything， nothing， everything等不定代词时，形容词放在名词后面。‎ ‎　　I have something important to tell you.‎ ‎　　Is there anything interesting in the film.‎ ‎　　（3） 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。‎ ‎　　Everybody， man and woman， old and young， should attend the meeting.‎ ‎　　You can take any box away， big or small.‎ ‎　　（4） the+形容词表示一类人或物 ‎　　The rich should help the poor.‎ ‎　　2. 副词的用法 ‎　　（1） 副词在句中可作状语，表语和定语。‎ ‎　　He studies very hard. （作状语）‎ ‎　　Life here is full of joy. （作定语）‎ ‎　　When will you be back？ （作表语）‎ ‎　　副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：‎ ‎　　1）时间副词 ‎　　时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now today， tomorrow， yesterday， before， late， early， never， seldom， sometimes， often， usually， always等。例如：‎ ‎　　He often comes to school late.‎ ‎　　What are we going to do tomorrow？‎ ‎　　He is never been to Beijing.‎ ‎　　2）地点副词 ‎　　地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here， there， inside， outside， home， upstairs， downstairs， anywhere， everywhere， nowhere， somewhere， down， up， off， on， in， out等。例如：‎ ‎　　I met an old friend of mine on my way home.‎ ‎　　He went upstairs.‎ ‎　　Put down your name here.‎ ‎　　3）方式副词 ‎　　方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的， 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly， 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously， badly， bravely， calmly， carefully， proudly， rapidly， suddenly， successfully， angrily， happily， slowly， warmly， well， fast， slow， quick， hard， alone， high， straight， wide等。例如：‎ ‎　　The old man walked home slowly.‎ ‎　　Please listen to the teacher carefully.‎ ‎　　The birds are flying high.‎ ‎　　He runs very fast.‎ ‎　　4）程度副词 ‎　　程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much， （a） little， a bit， very， so， too， enough， quite， rather， pretty， greatly， completely， nearly， almost， deeply， hardly， partly等。例如：‎ ‎　　Her pronunciation is very good.‎ ‎　　She sings quite well.‎ ‎　　I can hardly agree with you.‎ ‎　　5）疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how， when， where， why等。例如：‎ ‎　　How are you getting along with your studies？‎ ‎　　Where were you yesterday？‎ ‎　　Why did you do that？‎ ‎　　（2）副词在句中的位置 ‎　　1）多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：‎ ‎　　Mr Smith works very hard.‎ ‎　　She speaks English well.‎ ‎　　2）频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：‎ ‎　　He usually gets up early.‎ ‎　　I’ve never heard him singing.‎ ‎　　She is seldom ill.‎ ‎　　3）程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面， 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：‎ ‎　　It is a rather difficult job.‎ ‎　　He runs very fast.‎ ‎　　He didn’t work hard enough.‎ ‎　　4）副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：‎ ‎　　On my way home， I met my uncle.‎ ‎　　The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.‎ ‎　　（3）部分常用副词的用法 ‎　　1） very， much ‎　　这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：‎ ‎　　She is a very nice girl ‎　　I’m feeling much better now.‎ ‎　　Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：‎ ‎　　I don’t like the idea much.‎ ‎　　They did not talk much.‎ ‎　　2） too， either ‎　　这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：‎ ‎　　She can dance， and I can dance， too.‎ ‎　　I haven’t read the book and my brother hasn’t either.‎ ‎　　3） already， yet ‎　　already一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：‎ ‎　　He has already left.‎ ‎　　Have you heard from him yet？‎ ‎　　He hasn’t answered yet.‎ ‎　　4） so， neither ‎　　so和neither都可用于倒装句， 但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。‎ ‎　　例如：‎ ‎　　My brother likes football and so do I.‎ ‎　　My brother doesn’t like dancing and neither do I.‎ ‎　　3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 ‎　　（1） 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物），用比较 ‎　　级。‎ ‎　　Our teacher is taller than we are.‎ ‎　　The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.‎ ‎　　（2） most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示 “极，很，非常， 十分”。‎ ‎　　It’s most dangerous to be here.‎ ‎　　在这儿太危险。‎ ‎　　（3） “The+形容词比较级...， the+形容词比较级...”表示 “ 越... 就越...”。‎ ‎　　The more you study， the more you know.‎ ‎　　（4） “ 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 “， 表示 “ 越来越... “。‎ ‎　　It’s getting hotter and hotter.‎ ‎　　（5） 主语+谓语（系动词）+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。‎ ‎　　This box is as big as mine.‎ ‎　　（6） the + 形容词 表示某种人。‎ ‎　　He always helps the poor.‎ ‎　　（7） 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。‎ ‎　　Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.‎ ‎　　【实例解析】‎ ‎　　1.---Which is ________， the sun， the moon or the earth？‎ ‎　　---Of course the moon is.‎ ‎　　A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest ‎　　答案：D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。‎ ‎　　2.He has made _______ progress this term than before.‎ ‎　　A. little B. less C. fewer D. much ‎　　答案 B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用less， 而不能用fewer。‎ ‎　　3.---What delicious cakes！‎ ‎　　---They would taste _______ with butter.‎ ‎　　A. good B. better C. bad D. worse ‎　　答案：B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以C，D要舍去，而选better。‎ ‎　　4.Bob never does his homework ________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.‎ ‎　　A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as ‎　　答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“not as+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。‎ ‎　　【中考演练】‎ ‎　　一. 单项填空 ‎　　1.There are many young trees on ______sides of the road.‎ ‎　　A. every 　B. each 　C. both 　D. all ‎　　2.--- It’s so cold today.‎ ‎　　--- Yes， it’s _____ than it was yesterday.‎ ‎　　A. more cold 　B. more colder 　C. much colder 　D. cold ‎　　3.Little Tom has ______friends， so he often plays alone.‎ ‎　　A. more　 B. a little　 C. many 　D. few ‎　　4.She isn’t so ______at maths as you are.‎ ‎　　A. well　 B. good　 C. better　 D. best ‎　　5.Peter writes______ of the three.‎ ‎　　A. better　 B. best　 C. good　 D. well ‎　　6.He is ______enough to carry the heavy box.‎ ‎　　A. stronger　 B. much stronger　 C. strong　 D. the strongest ‎　　7.I bought ______exercise-books with ______money.‎ ‎　　A. a few； a few 　　B. a few； a little ‎　　C. a little； a few D. a little； a little ‎　　8.The box is_____ heavy for the girl ______carry.‎ ‎　　A. too； to　 B. to； too　 C. so； that　 D. no； to ‎　　9.The ice in the lake is about one meter______ . It’s strong enough to skate on.‎ ‎　　A. long　 B. high　 C. thick　 D. wide ‎　　10.Wu Lin ran _____faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.‎ ‎　　A. so 　B. much 　C. very D. too ‎　　11. Jone looks so _______ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.‎ ‎　　A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily ‎　　12. The smile on my father’s face showed that he was ______ with me.‎ ‎　　A. sad B. pleased C. angry D. sorry ‎　　13. ---Mum， could you buy me a dress like this？‎ ‎　　---Certainly， we can buy ______ one than this， but ______ this.‎ ‎　　A. a better； better than B. a worse； as good as ‎　　C. a cheaper； as good as D. a more important； good as ‎　　14. ---This digital camera is really cheap！‎ ‎　　---The ______ the better. I’m short of money， you see.‎ ‎　　A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive ‎　　15. If you want to learn English well， you must use it as _______ as possible.‎ ‎　　A. often B. long C. hard D. soon ‎　　16. Paul has ______ friends except me， and sometimes he feels lonely.‎ ‎　　A. many B. some C. few D. more ‎　　17. English people _____ use Mr. Before a man’s first name.‎ ‎　　A. never B. usually C. often D. sometimes ‎　　18. ---One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.‎ ‎　　---Right. The government spoke ______ that.‎ ‎　　A. highly for B. high of ‎　　C. well of D. highly of ‎　　19. ---Remember this， children. ______ careful you are， ______ mistakes you will make.‎ ‎　　---We know， Miss Gao.‎ ‎　　A. The more； the more B. The fewer； the more ‎　　C. The more； the fewer D. The less； the less ‎　　20. I have ________ to do today.‎ ‎　　A. anything important B. something important ‎　　C. important nothing D. important something ‎　　二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎　　1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. __________ （Fortunate）， there was no money in it.‎ ‎　　2. Mobile phones are _________ （wide） used in most of the cities in China.‎ ‎　　3. He put on his coat and went out ________ （quick）.‎ ‎　　4. She is ______ （good） than Li Ping at swimming.‎ ‎　　5. A lot Chinese people are _______ （pride） of Yao Ming， a famous basketball star in NBA.‎ ‎　　6. To our surprise， he suddenly returned on a cold ______ （snow） night.‎ ‎　　7. Allie asked me ______ （polite） to put the things away.‎ ‎　　8. It’s snowing hard. You must drive ________（careful）.‎ ‎　　9. The earth we live on is _______ （big） than the moon.‎ ‎　　10. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second ________ （large） island in China.‎ ‎　　三. 用适当的形容词或副词填空（首字母已给出）‎ ‎　　1. A large number of mouths must be fed in those less d________ countries.‎ ‎　　2. That evening Beethoven played the music for the girl as well as u______.‎ ‎　　3. Hawaii is f_______ its beautiful beaches.‎ ‎　　4. He often takes an a______ part in the sports meeting and he can get very good results each time.‎ ‎　　5. The performance was so w_______ that everyone gave a long and loud applause（鼓掌）.‎ ‎　　6. Jiefang Road is the b_____ street in our city.‎ ‎　　7. She lay a______ for hours thinking over her business.‎ ‎　　8. I like ball games very much， but my f_______ sport is playing basketball.‎ ‎　　9. The boy is too l______ . He doesn’t want to do anything.‎ ‎　　10. The dictionary is very u________ . It will help you a lot.‎ ‎　　‎ ‎【练习答案】‎ ‎　　一. 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B ‎　　二. 1. Fortunately 2. widely 3.quickly 4. better 5. proud 6. snowy 7. politely 8. carefully 9. bigger 10. largest ‎　　三. 1. developed 2. usual 3. famous 4. active 5. wonderful 6. busiest 7. awake 8. favourite 9. lazy 10. useful