中考动词时态语态讲与练

中考动词时态语态讲与练

动词的时态 一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则 ‎1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2010辽宁)‎ ‎ A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began ‎ [析] 1. C。since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。‎ 二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则 ‎2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2010黑龙江 )‎ ‎ A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes ‎ C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come ‎ [析] 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。‎ 三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则 ‎3. –When this kind of computer ?‎ ‎ --Last year. (2010天津)‎ ‎ A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ‎ [析] 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。‎ 四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则 ‎4. –Hi! Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.‎ ‎ --Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2010江西)‎ ‎ A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got ‎ [析] 4. B。此例由didn’t, at the party推断出应用过去进行时。‎ 五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则 ‎5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2010辽宁)‎ ‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎ [析] 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。‎ 考点一：时态在状语从句中的考察。（主要是时态的搭配使用）‎ A、“主将从现”原则 ‎[例] ---I’ll plan a visit to Hong Kong if it ____ tomorrow . ‎ ‎ --- Really ? I think I ________with you . ‎ A. don’t rain , go B. won’t rain , go ‎ C. isn’t rain , will go D. doesn’t rain , will go B、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用：‎ 一般过去时与过去完成时，一般过去时与过去进行时，一般过去时与过去将来时 ‎ [例] He was sure that he his wallet in the office .‎ A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left ‎[例] When she _____ at the door, my mother _____ some washing.‎ A. knocked… did B. was knocking… did ‎ C. knocked… was doing D. knocks… is doing 考点二：语境中时态的对比使用（主要是时态的区分）‎ A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 ‎ [例] ----______ you ever ________ Tom before ?‎ ‎ ---- No, I _____ him just two minutes ago.‎ ‎ A. Did, know ; met B. Have, known ; have met ‎ C. Have, known; met D. Did, know; had met ‎ B、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别 ‎ [例] Mr. Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.‎ A. is writing…is writing B. is writing… writes C. writes… is writing D. writes… writes C、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别 ‎ [例] — How did the accident happen?‎ ‎— You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it .‎ A. was…was raining B. was…had rained ‎ C. is…is raining D. was…rained 考点三：延续性动词在时态中与时间状语的搭配使用（主要是在完成时中的使用）‎ A、在特殊疑问句中的考查 ‎ [例] -- How long ______ you __________England , Sue ?‎ ‎ -- Since two years ago.‎ ‎ A. have, been to B. have , gone to C. have , been in D. have , moved to ‎ B、在句型中的考查 ‎ [例] It ______ two years since he _______ the Party.‎ A. is; has joined B. was; joined ‎ C. has been; joined D. had been; joined C、在一般过去时与现在完成时之间进行转换中的考查 ‎ [例] The meeting has been off for two hours . ‎ ‎ It _______________________since _______________.‎ ‎ The meeting ___________________two hours ago. ‎ 易错点分析 A、when引导的时间状语从句中，时态的对比使用问题 ‎ [例] When I _____ the Children's Palace, the children _____ with joy.‎ A. visited… was jumping B. was visiting , jumped ‎ C. visited… jumped D. visited , had jumped ‎ ‎[例] My father ______________in this school when he was 12 years old . ‎ A. study B. was studying C. would study D. studied B、主将从现中，一般将来时的表达方式问题 ‎ [例] My sister to see me . She’ll be here soon. ‎ A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came C、回答中动词的重复替代问题 ‎ [例] ----______ you ______ the text?---- Yes, we _____ it two hours ago.‎ ‎ A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; have copied ‎ C. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had D、语境的限制问题 ‎ [例] ---Hi! Kelly . I didn't see you at the party. ‎ ‎---Oh, I ________ ready for the maths exam. ‎ ‎　　 A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got ‎ E、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则 ‎ ‎　　[例] The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ________Christmas Day. ‎ ‎　　 A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎ F、母语理解干扰的问题 ‎[例] --- I am so sorry , I ____________your number , can you say it again ?‎ ‎ --- 89907622 ‎ ‎ A. had forgotten B. have forgotten C. forgot D. forget ‎ 时态强化练习 ‎ ‎1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .‎ ‎　　Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know ‎2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?‎ ‎　　Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still ‎ 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？‎ ‎　　Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago ‎4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .‎ ‎　　Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written ‎5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .‎ ‎　　　—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .‎ Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better ‎ ‎6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .‎ ‎　　Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; studyＣ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying ‎7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .‎ ‎　　Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew ‎8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .‎ ‎　　Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see ‎9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When ___ there ?‎ ‎　　Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they goＣ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone ‎ ‎10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .‎ Ａ.Did ; do ; finishedＢ.Have ; done ; finishedＣ. Have ; done ; have finishedＤwill ; do ; finish ‎11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .‎ ‎　　Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in ‎12、—Do you know him well ?　— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .‎ ‎　　Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made ‎ 13、—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .‎ ‎　　Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived ‎14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .‎ ‎　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begunＣ. has been on Ｄ. began ‎15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .‎ ‎　　Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was ‎16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .‎ ‎　　Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been ‎17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .‎ ‎　　Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been ‎18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?‎ ‎ A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they ‎19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?‎ A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived ‎ ‎20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.‎ A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 动词的语态 中考动词语态考点分析 ‎1. 行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。‎ Football is played all over the world.‎ ‎2. 不易找到或根本就找不到动作的执行者时。‎ My bike was stolen.‎ ‎3. 汉语含有“据说”、“有人说”等时。‎ It is said that another bridge has been built over the Changjiang‎ ‎River.‎ ‎4. 汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。‎ Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao.‎ ‎5. 汉语中没有“被”、“由”等词，而在原句中试加这类词且句意通顺时。‎ These songs are usually sung by boys.‎ ‎6. 某些句子习惯上用被动语态。‎ He was born in October, 1988.‎ ‎7. 表示礼貌时。‎ You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00p.m. tomorrow.‎ ‎（Note: 用于被动语态中的动词是及物动词，不及物动词不能用被动语态。）‎ 语态实战模拟 ‎ ( ) 1. I don’t know the school, but it’s to be quite a good one. (2010苏州市)‎ A. told B. spoken C. talked D. said ‎( ) 2. Please don’t stand up in class until you . (2010泰州市)‎ A. were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told ‎( )3. If Mg in O2, we MgO, and it combination reaction ‎(化学变化). (2010泰州市)‎ A. will burn; get; calls B. burns; will get; called C. will burn; can get; is calling D. burns; will get; is called ‎( ) 4. Please tell me when on the wall. (2010无锡市)‎ A. has this map hung B. was this map hung C. this map has hung D. this map was hung ‎( ) 5. The doctor will operate on him at once as soon as he the hospital. (2010常州)‎ ‎ A. is sent to B. will be taken to ‎ C. leaves D. doesn’t return ‎( ) 6. They won’t be back until the work . (2010南通市)‎ A. do B. does C. is done D. will do ‎( ) 7. The medicine cool, clean and dry. (2010天津市)‎ A. must keep B. must be kept C. must be carried D. must be in ‎( ) 8. –Where’re the old houses here?‎ ‎--Oh, they by the end of last century, and a new tall building ‎ ‎ here soon. (2010深圳市)‎ A. have been pulled down; is going to be built B. were pulled down; will be built C. had been pulled down; is going to be built D. had been built; is going to be pulled down ‎( ) 9. You can’t leave now. There are still twenty more trees . (2010河北)‎ A. to plant B. being planted C. plant D. to be planted ‎( )10. –Where’s your car?‎ ‎ --There’s something wrong with it and it in the garage now. (2010 四川)‎ ‎ A. is repaired B. is being repaired ‎ ‎ C. has been repaired D. will be repaired 中考英语时态和语态综合模拟题 ‎( ) 1. Don’t make so much noise. We _______ to the music.‎ ‎ A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have listened ‎( ) 2. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks.‎ ‎ A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent ‎( ) 3. –When will you tell him the good news? ‎ ‎--I will tell him about it as soon as he _______ back.‎ ‎ A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming ‎( ) 4. –Dad, please open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m coming.‎ ‎ A. locks B. locked C. is locked D. was locked ‎( ) 5. –Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --No, I _______.‎ A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited ‎ ‎ C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite ‎( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school hall next week.‎ ‎ A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give ‎( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______ ‎ A. is done B. will be done C. has doneD. have done ‎( ) 8. –What do you think of the football match yesterday?‎ ‎-Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _______.‎ ‎ A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed ‎( ) 9. –Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday? ‎ ‎--If I don’t go, _______.‎ A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will heD. neither does he ‎( ) 10. The trees must _______ three times a week.‎ ‎ A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters ‎( ) 11. –Did you see Tom at the party? ‎ ‎-- No, he _______ by the time I got there.‎ ‎ A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left ‎( ) 12. –Why not go to see the dolphin show with me? ‎ ‎ --Because I ______ it.‎ ‎ A. saw B. will see C. see D. have seen ‎( ) 13. –Do you like watching cooking programs n TV? ‎ ‎--No, I don’t, but my twin brother _______. He’s very fond of cooking.‎ A. does B. do C. is D. are ‎( ) 14. Catherin _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.‎ A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing ‎( ) 15. The old man is quite weak after the accident, so he _______‎ A. must take care of B. must be take care of C. must look after D. must be looked after ‎( ) 16. The ticket is on the floor. Would you please _______ for me? ‎ A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up ‎( ) 17. He _______ living in the country to the city.‎ ‎ A. likes B. prefers C. enjoys D. loves ‎( ) 18. How long have you _______ the book?‎ ‎ A. bought B. lent C. had D. borrowed ‎( ) 19. –Do you know him well ? --Sure. We _______ friend since ten years ago.‎ A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made ‎( ) 20. _______ me carefully, boys and girls. Can you _______ me? ‎ A. Listen to; hear B. Hear; listen to ‎ ‎ C. Hear; hear D. Listen to; hear from ‎( ) 21. –These farmers have been to the United States. ‎ ‎ –Really? When ______ there?‎ A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone ‎( ) 22. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money. I _______ my handbag at home. ‎ ‎ A. have missed B. have left C. have put D. have forgotten ‎( ) 23. –Where is Miss Gao. Lily? --She _______ to the teachers’.‎ ‎ A. has been B. has gone C. went D. would go ‎( ) 24. When her father came back home, Joan _______ with her friend. ‎ A. talked B. talks C. is talking D. was talking ‎( ) 25. –What’s that thing with three legs?‎ ‎ --It’s a cup. It ______ for drinking in the old days.‎ ‎ A. uses B. used C. is used D. was used ‎( ) 26. His uncle _______ in three days.‎ ‎ A. returns B. has returned C. returned D. will return ‎( ) 27. –Hi, Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.‎ ‎ --Oh, I _______ ready for the maths exam.‎ A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got ‎( ) 28. –Excuse me. What did you say you would like to do, Miss White?‎ ‎ --I said I’d better go back to the office. I _______ something this afternoon.‎ A. would meet B. meet C. am going to meet D. was meeting ‎( ) 29. What _______ the forest in our country in the last ten years. ‎ A. has happened do B. is happened to ‎ C. has happened at D. is happening ‎( ) 30. –What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? --He _______ a city bus for over twenty-five years. ‎ ‎ A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives ‎( ) 31. –When _______ you _______ your homework? --I had finished it before he _______ back.‎ ‎ A. have; finished; came B. have; finished; was coming C. did; finish; came D. did; finish; was coming ‎( ) 32. Look! The boys _______ happily in the river. ‎ A. swim B. swamC. will swim D. are swimming ‎( ) 33. Every spring, many trees _______ along the river.‎ A. were planted B. is planted C. will be planted D. are planted ‎( ) 34. The letter _______ in French. I can’t read it. ‎ A. is writing B. is written C. wrote D. writes ‎( ) 35. If Mary _______ next Sunday, we will go boating together. ‎ A. will come B. comes C. shall come D. should come ‎( ) 36. We expected that the English teacher ____ some advice on how to write an English letter.‎ A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give ‎( ) 37. Five years ago nobody knew him, although he _______ more than 100 songs.‎ ‎ A. already wrote B. have already written ‎ C. had already written D. was already writing ‎( ) 38. So far I _______ any success. However, I’ll keep trying.‎ ‎ A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. haven’t had D. won’t have ‎( ) 39. It was the third time that I _______ in at his office.‎ ‎ A. have dropped B. had dropped C. dropped D. was dropping ‎( ) 40. I often see Tom _______ homework while I am watching TV every evening.‎ ‎ A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ‎( ) 41. The flowers want _______. Look, the soil is so dry.‎ A. watering B. being watered C. to water D. waters ‎( ) 42. –Be careful! You might fall into the water.‎ ‎ --Thank you. I ______ I _______ so close to the pool ‎.A. didn’t know; am standing B. don’t know; am standing C. didn’t know; was standing D. didn’t know; would stand ‎( ) 43. –Excuse me. Where is the sick boy sent here a moment ago?‎ ‎ --He ______ by the doctor.‎ A. has been examined B. will be examined ‎ C. is examined D. is being examined ‎ ‎( ) 44.—Have you got the airplane tickets?‎ ‎--No. when I _______ to the office, all the tickets to Beijing ______ out.‎ ‎ A. get; have been sold B. got; had been sold C. got; had sold D. got; were being sold ‎( ) 45. –Your name again? I _______ quite catch it. –Bartholomew Liveli.‎ ‎ A. didn’t B. don’t C. couldn’t D. can’t ‎( ) 46. – Whom are you waiting for? ‎ ‎ --Gary’s parents. But neither of them _______ yet. ‎ A. arrived B. has arrived C. are arriving D. is arriving ‎( ) 47. He _______ in bed all day long because he had a headache.‎ ‎ A. lie B. lay C. laid D. lied ‎( ) 48. Would you _______ your voice a little so that everyone can hear you? ‎ ‎ A. rise B. put C. lift D. raise ‎( ) 49. More and more people began to _______ that good health means good wealth.‎ ‎ A. learn B. understand C. consider D. realize ‎　Key: 1----5 CCDDA 6----10 CBCDD 11-15 BDCDB 16-20 CACAD ‎　‎ ‎1—5 CADCB 6—10 ADCDC 11—15 BDDCD 16—20 DAACB ‎ ‎21—25 BACAD 26—30 CCDBD 31—35 CDCDC 36—42 BBDCDBA ‎ ‎1—5 CCACB 6—10 CAACC 11—15 CDACD 16—20 ABCBA ‎21—25 BBBDD 26—30 DBCAB 31—36 CDDBB 36—40 DCCBB ‎41—45 ACDBA 46—49 BBDD ‎