2017年常州中考英语试卷及试卷分析

2017年常州中考英语试卷及试卷分析

‎2017年常州市初中毕业统一学业英语考试试卷分析 一、 试卷整体分析：‎ ‎1. 选材贴近生活，体现人文性，具有时代感 今年完形填空也前几年中考题材相似，都是情感类记叙文。今年的选材是关于师生的，与学生的学习生活比较贴近，更容易让学生产生共鸣，选项集中于形容词，副词，动词，副词，短语等词义辨析。‎ 四篇阅读理解文体各不相同，A篇是一个关于“蓝色都市”国际文学节的明细通知，这篇阅读是根据国外网站的一篇文章改编的，题目较简单，基本能在文中找到。B篇说明文，也是之前比较热的一个话题，一位年轻人发明了一个便携式的移动冰箱，并且不打算申请专利的事情。C篇是一个记叙文，话题与时下热点话题校园欺凌有关。D篇是议论文，内容是关于如何公正地评判别人。从选材和话题来看，阅读理解选取的文章主要是时下热点话题或者一些为人处世的态度。文章的来源主要是一些国外网站或者报刊杂志上的文章。‎ 今年的作文是话题作文，题材也比较常见，是合理利用互联网进行学习。这个题材比较好写，学生有很多的相关经验。‎ ‎2. 整卷难度适宜，阅读理解D篇稍有难度 ‎2017年中考英语常州卷题型、分值与往年保持不变。全卷共八大题，60道小题，总分90分。从考察内容来看，语言基础知识部分，包括单项选择、词汇运用、动词填空、完成句子，共32分；阅读部分，包括完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读，共6个语篇，共43分；书面表达15分。整体难度中等偏容易。在2014年英语中考达到难度高峰之后，近三年的试卷难度整体持平。易、中、难题比例为5:3:2。‎ 其中，单选题偏基础，考查的点都是平时多次训练的考点。今年单选几乎没有涉及到句法考点，除最后一题情景对话之外，基本都是针对代词，动词，连词等词性用法的考查。其中，对于动词的考查占比很大。并且，今年的单选题给出的语境和语义都比较简单，没有陷阱题，大部分是比较熟悉的题型。‎ 完型填空题难度较易。阅读理解A篇、B篇、C篇难度适中，D篇稍有难度。任务型阅读整体难度适中，考查学生对文本信息精准查找的能力，对常见词性转换及近义词转换要求较高。词汇运用部分考查的词汇均源于教材，且都是常用词，没有涉及到一些七八年级的长单词的考查，且变形较简单。动词填空考点分布也与往年类似，四道谓语动词加一道非谓语动词，其中，一题涉及被动，其余三个时态也是常考的过去进行时，现在完成时和一般过去时。非谓语动词考查不定式的否定形式，且是固定搭配，较简单。‎ 二、各题型分析：‎ ‎1. 单选题：‎ 题号 专题 考点 能力 ‎1‎ 特殊疑问词 How系列 句型识记 ‎2‎ 代词辨析 it和one的区别 知识识记+句意理解 ‎3‎ 连词辨析 状语从句连词 句意理解 ‎4‎ 动词短语辨析 含有up的动词短语 词义识记+句意理解 ‎5‎ 情态动词辨析 表猜测的语气 词义识记+句意理解 ‎6‎ 副词短语辨析 与all相关的词组 词义识记+句意理解 ‎7‎ 非谓语动词 固定句型 句型识记+句意理解 ‎8‎ There be句型和非谓语动词 used to和be used to doing 句型识记+句意理解 ‎9‎ 现在完成时衍生考点 延续性动词 have been to/have been in/have gone to的区别 知识识记+句意理解 ‎10‎ 情景对话 如何回答请求 句意理解+日常用语 题目：‎ 1. ‎---______________ is it since you left your primary school?‎ ‎ ---Three years.‎ ‎ A. How old B. How long C. How far D. How soon ‎【解析】考查特殊疑问词组辨析。句意：——你小学毕业多久了？——三年了。由题干中since引导的时间状语从句和答句“Three years.”提示主句是对一段时间提问，用how long表示“多久”。how old询问“年龄”；how far询问“距离多远”；how soon询问“多久之后”。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】B 2. ‎---How nice your dictionary is! Where did you get __________? I’d like to buy ____________, too.‎ ‎ ---In the shop in the city center.‎ ‎ A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it ‎【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：——你的字典真好！你在哪里买的？我也想买一本。——在市中心的商店。代词it指代前文出现过的名词，特指同一物品；one指代同类名词中的“一，一个”。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】A 3. My mother won’t allow my father to drive __________ he promises to give up drinking.‎ ‎ A. unless B. since C. if D. after ‎【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：除非我父亲承诺戒酒，否则我妈妈不允许我爸爸开车。前文的否定意义提示下文用unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不”，相当于if...not。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】A 1. A children should be encouraged to tell the truth instead of __________ stories whenever he or she has done something wrong.‎ ‎ A. taking up B. putting up C. making up D. setting up ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：孩子应当被鼓励说真话，而不是当他或她犯错时编造谎话。take up“占据；从事”；put up“搭起，举起”；set up“建立”。动词短语make up表示“编造借口（理由）等，和story“故事；假话”构成动宾短语。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C 2. ‎---Will Dad be back home at 6 o’clock this evening?‎ ‎ ---He should, but he __________ not. Sometimes he exercises after work.‎ ‎ A. can B. must C. need D. may ‎【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——爸爸今晚会在6点钟回家吗？——他应该会，但是也许不会。有时他下班后要锻炼。答句中but表示的转折句意以及“sometimes he exercises...”提示用may“或许”表示可能性。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】D 3. ‎---Could you tell me how to behave politely in public in the UK?‎ ‎ ---Yes. __________, you should keep your voice down and always queue.‎ ‎ A. After all B. First of all C. In all D. At all ‎【解析】考查副词短语辨析。句意：——你能告诉我在英国如何在公共场合举止文明吗？——好。首先，你应当放低声音并且总是讲究秩序。after all“毕竟”；in all“总共”；at all“根本”。用first of all回答上文的“如何举止文明”表示次序、顺序上的“首先”。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】B 4. ‎---Why doesn’t the surgeon stop ____________ lunch?‎ ‎ ---Because he is too busy __________ a dying patient in the operation room.‎ ‎ A. to have; to save B. having; to save C. to have; saving D. having; saving ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——为什么这名外科医生不停下来去吃午饭？——因为他在手术室拼命忙着抢救一位垂死的病人。stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做某事”；be busy doing表示“忙于做某事”。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C 5. I’ll never forget the town in which there _________ a clean river and many big tall trees.‎ ‎ A. used to be B. used to have C. was used to being D. was used to having ‎【解析】考查there be句型和非谓语动词。句意：我永远不会忘记那个曾经有一条清澈的河流和许多高大树木的小镇。there be句型表示“那里有……”，先排除BD；used to表示“过去常常”，后跟动词原形。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】A 1. The shopping mall _______ for two years, but I ___________ there only once.‎ ‎ A. has opened; have gone B. has opened; have been ‎ C. has been open; have gone D. has been open; have been ‎【解析】考查延续性动词的现在完成时以及have/has been (to)和have/has gone (to)的区别。时间状语“for two years”是“一段时间”，谓语动词用be open表示“状态”，先排除AB；only once“仅有一次”提示主语I后用have been (to)表示“曾经去过”。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】D 2. ‎---Could you look after my plants while I’m away on business, please?‎ ‎ ---_____________. I’ll water them on time.‎ ‎ A. Come on B. With pleasure C. Take it easy D. You’re welcome ‎【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意：——我出差时，请你照看一下我的花草行吗？——很乐意帮忙，我将会按时给它们浇水。could引导的一般疑问句表示委婉的请求。A项“加油”；C项“别紧张”；D项“不用谢，不客气”。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎2. 完形填空：‎ 题号 考点 能力 ‎11‎ 形容词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎12‎ 动词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎13‎ 名词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎14‎ 名词词义辨析 搭配 ‎15‎ 动词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎16‎ 动词短语辨析 上下文联系 ‎17‎ 动词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎18‎ 动词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎19‎ 介词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎20‎ 副词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎21‎ 名词词义辨析 上下文联系 ‎22‎ 名词词义辨析 推理 题目：‎ On the first day of my 11th grade, I wasn’t excited when I looked at my timetable and saw “Biology II-Robin Haworth, Rom 301”. I had never liked biology and I found it ___11___. After I entered the room, I took a seat in the very back and ___12___ for my new teacher. The bell rang and Mrs. Haworth entered the classroom. She began to tell us how her class was going to be difficult and that if we weren’t up to the ___13___, she would gladly let us leave.‎ ‎ The class required lots of ___14___. This was especially hard for me because I was balancing a new school with a new part-time job. My grades soon began to ___15___. Just as I began to appear in a sea of D, Mrs. Haworth asked me what was up. I told her about the difficulty I was having. She listened to me and I knew she truly ___16___ my life and my problems. She told me that she ___17___ me but that I needed to learn how to manage my time better. Mrs. Haworth greatly ___18___ my ability by helping me learn to solve my problems on my own. If I got a C in a test, she would hand it ___19___ and asked me to deal with the ones I missed and tell her why. She ___20___ increased my grades but taught me how to study harder. I got to know that if I had done my best for the first time I did it, I wouldn’t have so many ___21___. And after many trials, my grades became better.‎ ‎ I had never had a(n) ___22___ who opened up to me and treated me as her equal. Over the past years she was taught me that if I want to be excellent, I am the one who can make that happen.‎ ‎11. A. Amazing B. practical C. boring D. important ‎12. A. prepared B. wished C. searched D. waited ‎13. A. experience B. challenge C. education D. value ‎14. A. competition B. attention C. conversation D. creation ‎15. A. fall B. change C. improve D. miss ‎16. A. cheered for B. cared about C. looked after D. believed in ‎17. A. understood B. recommended C. admired D. remembered ‎18. A. supported B. influenced C. developed D. displayed ‎19. A. back B. in C. out D. over ‎20. A. even B. ever C. sometimes D. never ‎21. A. business B. mysteries C. differences D. mistakes ‎22. A. friend B. leader C. adult D. parent ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在进入11年级后遇到的生物老师霍沃思夫人，她关心作者面对的困境，引导作者有效地管理并利用自己的时间，激发了作者的潜力，使作者认识到命运掌握在自己手中。‎ 1. C 由上文“I wasn’t excited...”及“I had never liked biology”可知，空格处应用形容词boring“无聊的”，故选C。‎ 2. D 由下一句“The bell rang and Mrs Haworth entered the classroom.”可知，是坐下来等老师，用动词wait，构成短语wait for sb.，意为“等候某人”，故选D。‎ 1. B 承接上文“她的生物课很难”，用challenge表示“挑战”，be up to the challenge表示“面对挑战”。句意：如果我们不准备面对挑战，她将很高兴让我们离开。故选B。‎ 2. B 用名词attention“注意；关注”作动词require的宾语，require lots of attention表示“需要大量的精力”，与下文“这对我尤其困难，因为我要平衡新学校的学习和刚找到的兼职”相呼应。故选B。‎ 3. A 由上文“这对我很困难”及下文“出现在D的名次”提示用动词fall“下降”，表示“我的成绩很快开始下降”。故选A。‎ 4. B 下文的“my life and problems”提示用动词短语care about“关注；关心”，表示“我知道她真的很关心我的生活和(我所面临的)困难。”故选B。‎ 5. A 承接上文，用understand sb. 表示“理解某人”。句意：她告诉我她理解我，但我需要学会如何更有效地管理我的时间。故选A。‎ 6. C 由下文“通过帮我学会独自解决问题”可知，用动词develop“发展；开发”和名词ability构成动宾短语，表示“发挥能力；培养能力”。故选C。‎ 7. D 由下文“让我处理漏掉的东西并告诉她原因”提示用over和hand搭配，hand it over意为“把它递给我”。故选D。‎ 8. D 由下文的but提示用副词never，构成never...but...，意为“从不……，而是……”。句意：她从来不是提高我的成绩，而是教我如何更加努力地学习。故选D。‎ 9. D 承接上文“如果我刚开始就尽力去学习”，此处为“我也就不会犯这么多错误”，用mistake表示“错误”。故选D。‎ 10. C 作者是位学生，他的老师是成年人，用adult表示“成年人”。句意：我从来没有遇到过一位对我敞开心扉，平等对待我的成年人。故选C。‎ 3. 阅读理解：‎ 题号 文体 题型 ‎23‎ 说明文 细节理解题 ‎24‎ 细节理解题 ‎25‎ 细节理解题 ‎26‎ 说明文 细节理解题 ‎27‎ 细节理解题 ‎28‎ 主旨大意题 ‎29‎ 记叙文 词义猜测题 ‎30‎ 细节理解题 ‎31‎ 主旨大意题 ‎32‎ 议论文 细节理解题 ‎33‎ 细节理解题 ‎34‎ 句意猜测题 ‎35‎ 标题归纳题 题目：‎ A The Blue Metropolis Literary Festival is coming!‎ ‎ It will host nearly 120 family-friendly activities from April 11 to April 17. More than 40 writers and storytellers, including local writers Monique Polak and Lydia Lukidis, will be joining in educational activities. It hopes to bring citizens of difficult cultures together to enjoy reading and literature. Here are some of the events of this year’s festival.‎ ‎ ●Tuesday, April 12, at 10:00 a.m.‎ ‎ Activity: The writer Monique Polak, who comes from Montreal, will discuss her new detective book and hold a workshop for kids between the ages of 9 and 12 on how they can be skilled at writing their own detective tales.‎ ‎ Location: Benny Library, 6400 Monkland Ave.‎ ‎ ●Tuesday, April 12, at 4:00 p.m.‎ ‎ Activity: Lydia Lukidis, the local children’s writer, will be giving a talk about the world of folk tales for kids aged 6 to 10. Lukidis will present different folk tales, and then the kids will try their hand at coming up with their own stories.‎ ‎ Location: Westmount Library, 4574 Sherbrooke St.‎ ‎ ●Wednesday, April 13, at 10:00 a.m.‎ ‎ Activity: Helaine Becker will help kids aged 6 and up master all the detailed facts of comedy writing and cartoons.‎ ‎ Location: Ecole St., Germain d’Outremont, 46 Vincent d’Indy Ave.‎ ‎ ●Wednesday, April 13, at 1:30 p.m.‎ ‎ Activity: High school students will be presenting videos they created honouring the unsung heroes of the Second World War.‎ ‎ Location: The Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre, 5151 Cote St.‎ ‎23. The festival is held mainly to ______________.‎ ‎ A. encourage the cultural exchange from different areas ‎ B. invite famous writers to introduce their new books to their fans ‎ C. help people from different countries to build good relationships ‎ D. gather people from different cultures to enjoy reading and literature ‎24. What can you learn from the local children’s writer Lydia Lukidis?‎ ‎ A. The content of the new detective book.‎ ‎ B. Tips for telling and writing folk tales.‎ ‎ C. The method of coming up with new comedies.‎ ‎ D. The unknown heroes of the Second World War.‎ ‎25. If an 8-year-old boy likes comedies and cartoons, he can go to_____________.‎ A. Benny Library, 6400 Monkland Ave on Tuesday.‎ B. Westmount Library, 4574 Sherbrooke St. on Tuesday C. Ecole St., Germain d’Outremont, 46 Vincent d’Indy Ave on Wednesday D. The Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre, 5151 Cote St. on Wednesday ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了蓝色都市文学节的相关信息。‎ 23. D 细节题。文章第二段倒数第二句“It hopes to bring citizens of difficult cultures together to enjoy reading and literature.”和D项意思相符。故选D。‎ 24. B 细节题。根据文章中“Lydia Lukidis, ... giving a talk about the world of folk tales for kids aged 6 to 10.”及“...the kids will try their hand at coming up with their own stories.”可知，可从Lydia Lukidis那学到讲民间故事和编写民间故事的技巧。故选B。‎ 25. C 细节题。以comedy和cartoon为线索，找到Helaine Becker的相关信息，可知举办地点是C项。故选C。‎ B ‎ A 22-year-old British student has invented a mobile fridge that could save millions of lives across the world.‎ ‎ Will Broadway’s “Isobar” has been designed to keep vaccines(疫苗) at the ideal temperature while they are being sent in developing countries. And will doesn’t plan to make money from his creation. His purpose is to get vaccines to people who need them, which is why he won’t be trying to get a patent(专利). Will’s Isobar has won him the James Dyson Award that challenges young people to “design something that solves a problem”.‎ ‎ Present methods of transporting vaccines can lead to the vaccines freezing(冻住) before reaching their places in developing countries, but the Isobar keeps a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees for 30 days.‎ ‎ Will’s invention is expected to save the lives of 1.5 million people across the world, a number he says is “amazing”. Having now finished college education, he is making an effort to take the Isobar into production. “I would be hands-on, all the way through it, knowing that it works, ” he says, “It’s amazing to just give it a go, even in my back yard, and see the potential(潜能) of the technology.” ‎ ‎ The product has been designed to transport vaccines, but already Will sees the possibility for other medical uses in the developing world and beyond. “Blood donations, organ transplants(器官移植)-if they get trapped in traffic, you still use cold-bags that really aren’t good enough for a ‎ long time,” he says.‎ ‎ There is also a possible, non-medical use for the Isobar. “It would be a great thing to take on a five-day trip where you have no power,” he says. But he insists vaccine transportation is the primary function (功能) of his invention..‎ ‎26. What’s the advantage of the Isobar for sending vaccines in developing countries?‎ ‎ A. It can save more energy.‎ ‎ B. It can send more vaccines at a time.‎ ‎ C. It can keep vaccines in an ideal condition.‎ ‎ D. It can transport vaccines at a faster speed.‎ ‎27. The James Dyson Award is present to _____________.‎ ‎ A. old scientists who have developed modern technology.‎ B. young men who have solved problems with their designs C. doctors who have saved people’s lives in developing countries D. college students who have got patents for their creative inventions ‎28. What is the passage mainly about?‎ ‎ A. The production of a new fridge and its future.‎ ‎ B. The invention of a new fridge and its inventor.‎ ‎ C. The transportation of vaccines and its problem.‎ ‎ D. The introduction of an award and its new winner. ‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了22岁的英国学生发明的移动冰箱的相关情况。‎ 23. C 细节题。根据文章第二段第一句可知这个发明能在一个理想的条件下保存疫苗。故选C。‎ 24. B 细节题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知该奖项是用于激励年轻人用自己的发明来解决问题故选B。‎ 25. B 主旨大意题。短文主要叙述了“Isobar”这项发明和发明者。故选B。‎ C ‎ I was bullied quite badly in high school. A kid would try to make me feel terrible in every way he knew. For example, he would hit me in the head, call me ugly and stupid, make fun of me and – of course-threaten to hit me harder if I ever fought back. It was like his daily task.‎ ‎ And it was my daily task to just get through the day. What can I say? It made my world very small because that was my main focus-just surviving. Everything else fell by the wayside. Unluckily, that included any form of social life. So not only was my world tiny, it was lonely.‎ ‎ Looking back to that time-which was about 11 years ago-my biggest mistake was not bringing anyone in to that world of mine. I was too proud, and embarrassed(尴尬的), to get help. I would rather not face the fact that I needed help because in my mind, that would mean that the bully won. It would also mean that the bully won. It would also mean that I was weak.‎ ‎ Let me just say this-bullying someone is a weak choice. The only reason they come after you is because they think you won’t do anything about it. Does that make anyone strong? No. Be stronger-reach out to a parent, a teacher or a friend. Admit(承认) you need help.‎ ‎ You can put it like this: Somebody who is trying to make himself or herself seem important has bullied me. Why? Simply because I am nice and I haven’t done anything about it yet. Well, I hate this. I have basic human rights. It is just not OK. How do I manage this the right way? I don’t want the pain cycle to continue and I don’t want to become someone I don’t want to be.‎ ‎ I will close by saying this-I am OK! I am not just surviving. I am enjoying my life. I graduated from college with good grades, by the way(being stupid was a lie…it is all a lie). You don’t have to wait to live. Do something today.‎ ‎29. The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to(指) __________.‎ A. getting along with the writer B. having a difficult time at school C. making friends with other students D. hurting the writer with force and threat ‎30. The writer suggests _________ to fight bullies.‎ ‎ A. getting used to the pain as soon as possible ‎ B. looking for help from parents, teachers and friends ‎ C. increasing the understanding of basic human rights ‎ D. keeping it a secret inside and reducing your social life ‎31. The writer writes the passage mainly to ___________.‎ ‎ A. share his thoughts on dealing with bullies ‎ B. say that he regrets being hurt badly at school ‎ C. describe how he changed his weak personality D. show how thankful he was to those who helped him ‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在上中学时遭受校园欺凌的痛苦经历。对校园欺凌现象提出了自己的观点和看法，并就如何应对校园欺凌提出了建议。‎ 23. D 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句“...he would hit me in the head, call me ugly and stupid, make fun of me...”可知it指代“用暴力和威胁伤害作者”。故选D。‎ 24. B 细节题。根据文章第四段最后两句“Be stronger-reach out to a parent, a teacher or a friend. Admit you need help.”可知，要向父母、老师和朋友寻求帮助来对抗欺凌。故选B。‎ 25. A 主旨大意题。通读全文，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过对自己曾遭受校园欺凌的经历来说明自己对这一现象的看法并提出建议。故选A。‎ D Imagine you are walking through the woods and you see a small dog. It looks cute and friendly. You move up to pet the dog. Suddenly it barks and tries to bite you. The dog no longer ‎ seems cute and you feel afraid and possibly angry. Then, as the wind blows, the leaves on the ground are carried away and you see the dog has one of its legs caught in a trap. Now, you take pity on the dog. You know it becomes unfriendly because it is in pain.‎ We all judge(评判) others all the time. It might be over small things, like a workmate who takes too long of a lunch break. Or it might be over bigger matters, such as a person who behaves selfishly or hurts our feelings. There are many reasons why we judge others. It is human nature to find a way to survive. When we see a dog(or a person) that might bite us, of course we feel threatened(威胁). We become nervous, want to fight back and are unable to see the possible reasons for another’s behavior.‎ Although judgment is a natural reaction(反应), try to catch yourself before you speak, for you can’t get your words back. Make a short stop. Try to change your thought into a positive(正面的) one. After all, like that dog in the trap, we really don’t know the reasons for someone’s behavior.‎ When someone disagrees with us or somehow makes our life difficult, remember that it’s usually not about us. It may be about their pain or struggle(挣扎). Why not give others the right to express their doubt? “Never underestimate the pain of a person,” Will Smith said, “because in all honesty, everyone is struggling. Some people are better at hiding it than others”‎ ‎32. The writers talks about the dog in the first paragraph mainly to __________.‎ ‎ A. give an example B. make a comparison ‎ C. share a good story D. set the background ‎33. According to the writer, we usually judge others__________.‎ ‎ A. over big matters instead of small ones ‎ B. after thinking carefully about their situation ‎ C. about the real reasons behind their behavior D. for our own survival when feeling threatened ‎34. What does the underlined sentence ”Never underestimate the pain of a person” mean?‎ ‎ A. Never believe others have pain. ‎ ‎ B. Never pay attention to others’ pain.‎ ‎ C. Never think others’ pain is bigger than it really is.‎ ‎ D. Never think others’ pain is smaller than it really is.‎ ‎35. What is the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A. The Best Way to Judge B. Too Late to Judge ‎ C. Think Twice Before You Judge D. You’ve Got a Reason to Judge ‎【解析】本文是一篇议论文。通过事例和生活中的场景来说明如何公正地评判别人。‎ 23. D 细节题。根据文章开篇Imagine...“设想...”可知是下文“评判别人”设置背景，故选D。‎ 24. D 细节题。根据文章第二段倒数第二、三两句可知，我们通常评判别人是在我们感到自身生存受到威胁时。故选D。‎ 23. D 句意猜测题。根据上文“为什么不给别人表达疑惑的权利呢？”及下文“老实说，每个人都在挣扎。”可以推断画线部分句子意为“永远不要低估一个人的痛苦”。故选D。‎ 24. C 标题归纳题。通过全文，本人主要说明在评判一个人或某人行为时，要多角度来考虑问题。即“评判别人时要三思。”故选C。‎ 3. 任务型阅读 题号 题型分类 ‎36‎ 归纳概括 ‎37‎ 近义词转换 ‎38‎ 固定句型 ‎39‎ 词性转换 ‎40‎ 词性转换 题目：‎ British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. They often use the word ‘sorry’—even when they don’t really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying ‘Sorry to bother you. Do you know what time it is?’ If they’re five minutes late for an appointment (约会), they would generally greet the person by saying ‘Sorry I’m late!’‎ They use the word ‘sorry’ in so many different situations that the meaning of the word has changed a little over time. The two main dictionary definitions (释义) of ‘sorry’ are: 1) feeling sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck; 2) feeling regret because you’ve done something wrong. Now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with ‘Sorry to bother you’. In this situation, they aren’t saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret.‎ So what does ‘sorry’ really mean? And why do British people use it so much? Well, in the British culture, saying ‘sorry’ is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don’t know very well. It’s also a very clever way to get what they want. In a recent experiment, an actor went up to a different strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones in order to make a call. When he went up to one group of strangers and asked them without saying ‘sorry’ first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. However, when he said ‘sorry’ to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47 per cent successful. So maybe saying ‘sorry’ is not just being polite, but it is also a good method to get what they want too!‎ Title: Why do British people say sorry?‎ Main points Detailed information The ___36___ in which they say ‘sorry’‎ l asking for the time l Being late for an appointment The change of the meaning of ‘sorry’‎ l The two main dictionary definitions of ‘sorry’;‎  feeling sad for others’ problems or bad luck ‚ feeling regret because of one’s own ___37____‎ l When British people ask a stranger a question by starting with ‘sorry’, they are saying sorry ____38____ because they feel sad for that person nor because they feel regret.‎ The ____39____ meaning of ‘sorry’‎ l a way to be polite l a good way to get what they want ‎ The result of an experiment shows it’s easier for one to ____40____ in borrowing a mobile phone by saying ‘sorry’.‎ 36. ‎__________ 37. __________ 38. __________ 39. __________ 40. __________‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。短文结合事例说明了“sorry”一词的含义以及“sorry”在英国人日常生活中的应用情况。‎ 36. occasions/situations/chances 根据右栏提示左栏空格处是说“sorry”的场合、情况或机会。‎ 37. fault/mistakes 根据文章第二段中“2) feeling regret because you’ve done something wrong.”可知是由于自己的过错或错误而感到抱歉。‎ 38. neither 根据文章第二段最后两句可知，问陌生人问题时说“sorry”既不是因为感到伤心也不是因为感到抱歉，只是一种礼貌的表达方式。‎ 39. real 根据文章最后一段首句“So what does ‘sorry’ really mean?”可知用形容词real修饰meaning，表示“sorry”真实的含义。‎ 40. succeed 根据文章最后一段中的形容词“successful”和空格后的“in borrowing...”可知用动词succeed构成固定短语succeed in doing sth.表示“成功做某事”。‎ 3. 词汇：‎ 题号 专题 考查方式 ‎41‎ 名词 词性转换，变换复数 ‎42‎ 形容词 比较级 ‎43‎ 形容词 词性转换 ‎44‎ 副词 词性转换，反义词 ‎45‎ 形容词 词性判断 ‎46‎ 名词 词性判断 ‎47‎ 介词 单词识记 ‎48‎ 动词 固定搭配 题目：‎ A) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。‎ 55. Qi Baishi was one of he most famous ___________ (art) in China.‎ ‎【解析】根据主语“齐白石”提示空格处用artist表示“画家”。one of the most famous后接名词复数，表示“最著名的……之一”。‎ ‎【答案】artists 56. The ORBIS doctor advised the girl to have the operation to prevent her eye problem getting mush ___________ (bad).‎ ‎【解析】副词much修饰形容词bad的比较级形式worse“更糟糕的”。‎ ‎【答案】worse 57. To complete the work, he drank some coffee to keep himself ____________ (wake).‎ ‎【解析】动词keep后跟形容词做宾补，用形容词awake表示“醒着的，清醒”，符合句意“为了完成工作，他喝了一些咖啡来让自己保持清醒”。‎ ‎【答案】awake 58. To protect the earth, we mustn’t throw away the waste _____________ (care).‎ ‎【解析】用副词carelessly表示“草率地，随意地”修饰throw away，符合句意“为了保护地球，我们一定不能随意乱扔垃圾”。‎ ‎【答案】carelessly B) 根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。‎ 59. We must be __________ (勇敢的) enough to face difficulties in our life.‎ ‎【解析】根据be+adj.可知这里填“勇敢的”的形容词形式，为brave。‎ ‎【答案】brave 60. Some wild animals are in ______________ (危险) as the earth is getting warmer and warmer.‎ ‎【解析】根据in+名词可知这里填“危险”的名词形式，为danger。‎ ‎【答案】danger 61. Mary goes to work every day _____________ (除……之外) Sundays.‎ ‎【解析】考查除……之外介词，为except。‎ ‎【答案】artists 62. The general manager always thinks twice before ______________ (回复) to the customers.‎ ‎【解析】before是介词，后加动名词，填replying。‎ ‎【答案】replying 3. 动词填空 题号 考点 考查方式 ‎49‎ 过去进行时 句型+句意理解 ‎50‎ 一般过去时 时态标志词+无被动考点 ‎51‎ 现在完成时 时态标志词 ‎52‎ 非谓语动词 固定搭配 ‎53‎ 被动语态+一般过去时 时态标志词+句意理解 题目：‎ 55. I had my finger cut when I _____________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.‎ ‎【解析】由“had”提示空格处用when引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时描述割伤手指的场景。‎ ‎【答案】was dividing 56. Last year, the light-coloured car _____________ (sell) better than the dark-coloured ones.‎ ‎【解析】动词sell用主动形式表达被动意义，时间状语“last year”提示用一般过去时态。‎ ‎【答案】sold 57. ‎--- May I have the key to Room 425, please? I want to have a rest in it.‎ ‎---Of course, we _____________ (tidy) it up already. Here you are.‎ ‎【解析】由上一句“要钥匙”及下一句“already”提示用现在完成时态。‎ ‎【答案】have tidied 58. Children are warned _____________ (not play) on the roads.‎ ‎---Of course, we _____________ (tidy) it up already. Here you are.‎ ‎【解析】句型warn sb. not to do sth. 意为“警告某人不要做某事”。本句中使用被动语态，动词不定式的否定形式作主语补足语 ‎【答案】not to play 59. All the children _____________ (bring) back to their parents yesterday after the police found them.‎ ‎【解析】主谓语存在被动关系，时间状语“yesterday”提示用一般过去时， 故谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态形式。‎ ‎【答案】were brought 4. 完成句子 题号 考查句型 其他考点 ‎54‎ be made of 时态 ‎55‎ be interested in 比较句型 ‎56‎ leave sth. +状态 祈使句 ‎57‎ be worth doing 主将从现；介词 ‎58‎ be satisfied with 原因状语从句 题目：‎ ‎54. 历史上的第一个风筝是由木头做成的吗？‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎【解析】考查句型be made of，注意时态是过去时，历史上短语为in history，注意不加冠词。‎ ‎【答案】Was the first kite made of wood in history?‎ ‎55. 他对研究古钱币比对收集邮票更感兴趣。‎ He is _________________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎【解析】考查句型be interested in和比较级句型比较级 than...。注意interested是多音节形容词，所以比较级要在单词前加more。‎ ‎【答案】more interested in studying ancient coins than in collecting stamps.‎ ‎56. 离开时不要任由水龙头一直开着。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎【解析】考查句型leave sth.+状态，表示任由某人/某物怎样。另外注意不要遗漏状语离开时，是when you leave或者when leaving。‎ ‎【答案】Don't keep the tap running when you leave.‎ ‎57. 我想知道这个演讲是否值得一听。‎ ‎【解析】考查句型be worth doing。另外注意这里要完成的是个宾语从句，从句为一般疑问句，用if或者whether引导。‎ ‎【答案】if the speech is worth listening to.‎ ‎58. 这些疾病与噪音污染无关。‎ These diseases __________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎【解析】考查句型have nothing to do with与……无关。‎ ‎【答案】have nothing to do with noise.‎ ‎59. 老师们对他很满意，因为他取得了很大的进步。‎ The teachers are ________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎【解析】考查句型be satisfied with...对……感到满意。另外注意下后面跟了个原因状语从句，取得很大的进步是make great progress，注意progress不可数。‎ ‎【答案】satisfied with him because he was mad great progress/satisfied with him because of ‎ his great progress.‎ 3. 书面表达 时态：一般现在时 结构：利弊分析 句型：It’s adj. to do....; be mad at....‎ 随着互联网的发展，许多中学生开始利用互联网进行学习。对此，某英文报组织了“合理利用互联网进行学习”的征稿活动，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语文章进行投稿。‎ 互联网用于学习的优势 1. 学习资源丰富 2. 查找资料方便 ‎3. ....‎ 可能导致的问题 1. 迷上网络游戏 2. ‎...‎ 建议 ‎....‎ 注意： 1.表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确 2. 必须包括表格中所有的要点，并适当发挥 3. 词数不少于90字（文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数）‎ 4. 不得使用真实姓名和校名 参考词汇：‎ resource n.[C] 资源 Dear editor,‎ I’ d like to say something about this topic. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【解析】本篇习作是话题作文。要求就“合理利用互联网进行学习”这一话题写一篇文章。根据表格提示，结合自己使用互联网的情况学习的优点，作为写作第一部分，拓展内容可以选择互联网视频教学这一优点。第二部分说明学生利用互联网同时导致的一些问题，包括玩电脑游戏，沉溺于互联网不和父母、朋友交流等。第三部分简要说明自己的建议并结尾。注意：1.由于整篇文章是陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态。2.恰当运用短语或句型使句子叙述不显枯燥。‎ ‎【范文】‎ One possible version:‎ Dear editor, ‎ I’d like to say something about this topic.‎ With the development of the Internet, many students enjoy surfing in their spare time. Some students are used to looking up the information about their lessons and use the Internet to do their homework. There’re many resources on the Internet and it’s convenient for students to find out what they need. Many websites store much knowledge and open up to students. Some websites also provide students with teaching videos. They’re useful and helpful for students’ study.‎ But on the other hand surfing the Internet causes a lot of problems. Some students are mad at playing computer games. They spend most of their spare time on games. What’s more, some students are always on the Internet and seldom talk with their parents. The Internet takes up nearly all the students’ spare time and they have little time to spend with their friends. They have trouble getting on well with others.‎ In my opinion, students should use the Internet properly. It’s better to regard the Internet as a good helper in our study. Don’t let the Internet control your life. ‎ 三、 备考建议：‎ 夯实基础，熟悉语法框架，要清楚词法有哪些专题，句法有哪些专题，每个专题有哪些常考点，每个考点对应的经典例题有哪些。多做常州中考及模考卷，总结自己错误原因，再针对错误的考点逐个击破。‎ 老师在进行授课的时候，也要注意培养学生分析考点的能力及总结错误原因的能力。培养学生的语法意识，从语法的角度去学习知识及分析解题。‎ ‎【词汇】‎ ‎1. 从初二升初三暑假就可以开始背中考词汇一本通，暑假要求背完整本书的单词，包括各个单词的派生单词，以及重点句型和用法。寒假可以过一遍中文，把中文遮住，看着英文单词说出中文意思。‎ ‎2. 平时做阅读理解时，第一遍做题不要查字典，如果碰到不认识的单词先划出做标记，做题时依据上下文去猜测词义。等做完后，去字典中查阅该单词的词义及词性，并做好积累。‎ ‎3. 学期中学习新单词时，一定要掌握单词的变形及用法，并学会运用，例如，如果学习的是形容词，那么遵循形容词的位置造三个句子：1) 名词前；2) 系动词后；3) 做宾补。在记忆单词的过程中，一定要记读音，不要先记拼写。先把读音和中文对上号，再根据读音分音节记单词拼写。‎ ‎4. 学好字母组合发音规则，多总结字母组合，或前缀后缀等。‎ ‎【语法】‎ 1. 假期是学习语法的最佳时期，可以对自己学过的语法专题进行一个梳理和总结，用思维导图的方式画出主要考点及其分支。‎ 1. 平时做习题时，多问自己一个问题，这条题目考查的是哪个语法专题的哪个语法知识。养成良好的做题习惯，形成语法思维。‎ 2. 新课结束考到一模考期间，专项训练语法专题练习，可以做《五年中考三年模拟》上的江苏省题目和全国题目。一模考到二模考期间，专项训练常州中考及模考卷的语法专题练习。二模到中考前，练习综合基础题，每天一套单项选择，词汇填空和动词填空题。‎ ‎【阅读】‎ 1. 在做每一篇阅读的时候，看完文章一定要梳理总结一下文章的结构，解决以下问题后再去答题：1) 这是什么文体的文章；2) 这篇文章的主要内容是什么？3) 每段大意是什么？ 4) 作者为什么要写这篇文章。这样子进行一阶段，就可以做到从整体去把握文章意思，而不会犯以偏概全的错误，会记得时时扣紧主题。‎ 2. 平时一定要多积累单词，词汇量仍然是阅读理解的关键所在。‎ 3. 多关注时事新闻，对各方面的知识都要有所知晓，这样做阅读的时候更容易跟生活产生共鸣，也更容易理解文章。‎ 4. 自己在训练的过程中形成一套自己独有的方法，先看题目还是先看文章并不重要，关键自己适合哪一种。‎ ‎【写作】‎ 1. 写作由词到短语到句子，最后成文，基础的词句一定要过关。平时在做翻译练习的时候就要注意自己不能犯基本的语法错误，时态，复数，冠词都是需要注意的细节。对于句子成分和句子结构也一定要重视，句子不能乱。‎ 2. 多积累一些结构框架的过渡句，背几篇各个文体的范文，然后做题的时候可以套用框架。‎ 3. 平时加强训练，一周要有至少2篇的练习量。然后要重视自己的错误，不断订正。‎