中考英语重点复习动词时态语态表格总结注意事项

中考英语重点复习动词时态语态表格总结注意事项

初中英语时态语态一览表 时态 标志词 主动构成 否定构成 被动构成 特殊情况 一般现在时 Often,sometimes,usually, always,‎ every week, twice a week,‎ ‎ ‎ 主语+V 单三+Vs ‎ ‎ 主语+don’t+V 主语+doesn’t+ V am/is/are+done 客观真理/爱好、语言//‎ If/when/as soon as等主从句搭配中主将从现 一般过去时 last…, …ago, in +过去的年份，‎ just now, this morning, …later,‎ in the past, yesterday, the day before yesterday,‎ 主语+Ved ‎ ‎ 主语+didn’t +V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ was/were+done 在时间、条件状语从句中表示过去将要发生的动作We would not leave until the teacher came back 一般将来时 this…, next…, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tonight, right now,‎ in + 时间段, soon,  before long, in the future，‎ ‎ ‎ will  + V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ won’t+ V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ will be+done be going to do There is going to be …‎ There will be….‎ Shall I/we…..?用来提建议 现在进行时 Now / look! / listen!‎ It’s … o’clock now. //Be quiet !‎ ‎ ‎ am/is/are+ Ving am/is/are+not+doing am/is/are +being+done 有时候动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作 时态 标志词 主动构成 否定构成 被动构成 特殊情况 过去进行时 ‎ at three yesterday afternoon ‎ at this time yesterday// at that time//‎ ‎ when/ while ‎ ‎ was/were +doing wasn’t/weren’t +doing ‎ ‎ was/were being + done While 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等 现在完成时 already, just, yet, never, ever, before for, since,‎ so far, all one’s life,‎ in the past 2 weeks=during the last 2 weeks,‎ recently,‎ ‎ ‎ have/has + done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ haven’t/hasn’t+ done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ have/has been +done 有for/since的肯定句时应该用延续性动词 过去完成时 主要用于宾语从句和时间状语从句中 By the time he got there, the bus…..//‎ When I got home, I realized that I…‎ ‎ had+done ‎ ‎ Hadn’t +done ‎ ‎ Had been + done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 注意两点：‎ 1. 在状语从句中的一般时态表将来时态。‎ 在带有状语从句（条件、时间）的句子中，主句如果是用一般将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来：‎ The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it doesn’t rain this Sunday.‎ He will be a teacher when he grows up.‎ 同理，如果在带有状语从句（条件、时间）的句子中，主句如果是用过去将来时，则从句要用一般过去时表示将来：‎ We would not leave until the teacher came back.‎ 1. 在主句使用过去式的宾语从句中时态的前后一致性。‎ 在宾语从句中，如果主句用的是一般过去式，则从句也要使用过去式，而且可以按照实际具体情况运用过去将来时、一般过去时、过去完成时或过去进行时。‎ He said that he was a doctor.‎ He told me he was watching TV at 7:00 yesterday evening.‎ He said that he had visited his old friends.‎ He said that they would read the book the following year. ‎ 2. 瞬间动词的完成时。瞬间动词也叫终止性动词，表示瞬间即逝、即刻完成的动作，如：start, begin, borrow, lend, buy, get, arrive, reach, come, go, open, close等等。既然这类动词表示的动作都是不能延续的，那么我们就不能说：I have borrowed the book since last Sunday. ‎ 在这些肯定句中，要用完成时，必须将瞬间动词化为相应的延续性动词。‎ arrive→be here      begin(start)→be on die →be dead          fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up         go out →be out finish →be over      put on →wear 或be on open →be open       join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed    go to school→be a student borrow →keep         buy →have catch(a cold)→have(a cold) get to know →know ‎ begin to study→study come to work→work   get up→be up 如： 1.He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。 2.His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。 3.The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。 4.We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。 ‎ 考前归纳之动词篇    ‎ 动词搭配：‎ Will you please (not )do…/         请你（不）做某事好吗？‎ Would you please (not )do…?      请你（不）做某事好吗？‎ Why not do…?=Why don’t you do…?    为什么不做某事呢？               ‎ ‎ had better do…               最好做某事 ‎ let /make s.b do                  让某人做某事 → 被动： sb be made/ let to do would rather do than do          宁肯做。。。而不做….‎ can/may/must/should do            能/ 可以/ 必须/ 应该做 To do ‎1. want /would like to do  想要做        need to do      需要做 hope to do  希望做     decide to do=make up one’s mind to do  决定做 too….to do   太….不能做        ‎ ‎ learn to do    学做 try one’s best to do 尽力做         seem to do    似乎做 ‎ plan to do  计划做               offer to do   主动要求做 can’t wait to do 迫不及待地做     ‎ used to do    过去常常做      have a chance /an opportunity to dofail to do   有一个做…的机会 in order to do  为了做    prefer to do rather than do   宁肯做而不做 ‎2.  be the first / last to do   第一个/ 最后一个做 be lucky to do 做…很幸运  be happy / glad/sorry to do 很高兴/难过做某事 be able to do  能做   find / think + it + 形 + to do  发现/认为做某事… be supposed to do  应该做  ‎ ‎3. ask sb to do/ tell sb to do/ order sb to do 请求/告诉/命令某人做 invite s.b to do 邀请某人做 /  encourage s.b to do   鼓励某人做 ‎4. It’s time to do  到了做某事的时间了   It’s our duty to do 做…是我们的职责 ‎ It takes sb some time to do 某人花一段时间做  It is + 形( possible/polite/good…)for/of s.b to do 某人做…‎ Doing ‎ enjoy doing    喜欢做        mind (one’s) doing  介意做 finish doing    做完        feel like doing  想要做 keep / keep on doing  坚持做    practise doing 练习做 have fun /problems doing 做…很快乐/做…遇到麻烦  give up/drop doing 放弃做 spend time/money doing 花钱/时间做   prefer doing to doing 和…相比更喜欢 consider doing =think about doing考虑做 ‎2. be busy doing  忙于做       be good at doing=do well in doing  擅长做 be worth doing 值得做        be used for doing  被用来做 be interested in doing   对做…感兴趣  ‎ be excited about doing 做…很激动 ‎3.Thanks for doing … 谢谢你做  what /How about doing  做…怎么样阿？ hold on to doing  坚持做     ‎ pay attention to doing   注意做 look forward to doing  期待做   dream of doing   梦想做 ‎4.do some cooking /shopping/ reading  做饭/ 购物/ 阅读 go+ skating/fishing /climbing/ 去滑冰/钓鱼/ 爬山 ‎ ‎ To do/doing ‎ remember to do/ doing 记得要做/做过 forget to do/ doing  忘记要做/做过 stop to do/ doing 停下来去做/ 停止正在做的事 go on to do / doing 继续做另一件事/ 继续做同一件事 start/ begin to do/ doing 开始做 hear sb doing/ to do  听见某人在做/ 做某事了 see sb. doing/ to do看见某人在做/ 做某事了 notice sb doing/to do  注意到某人在做/做某事了