中考英语重点复习动词时态语态表格总结注意事项

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中考英语重点复习动词时态语态表格总结注意事项

初中英语时态语态一览表 时态 标志词 主动构成 否定构成 被动构成 特殊情况 一般现在时 Often,sometimes,usually, always,‎ every week, twice a week,‎ ‎ ‎ 主语+V 单三+Vs ‎ ‎ 主语+don’t+V 主语+doesn’t+ V am/is/are+done 客观真理/爱好、语言//‎ If/when/as soon as等主从句搭配中主将从现 一般过去时 last…, …ago, in +过去的年份,‎ just now, this morning, …later,‎ in the past, yesterday, the day before yesterday,‎ 主语+Ved ‎ ‎ 主语+didn’t +V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ was/were+done 在时间、条件状语从句中表示过去将要发生的动作We would not leave until the teacher came back 一般将来时 this…, next…, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tonight, right now,‎ in + 时间段, soon,  before long, in the future,‎ ‎ ‎ will  + V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ won’t+ V ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ will be+done be going to do There is going to be …‎ There will be….‎ Shall I/we…..?用来提建议 现在进行时 Now / look! / listen!‎ It’s … o’clock now. //Be quiet !‎ ‎ ‎ am/is/are+ Ving am/is/are+not+doing am/is/are +being+done 有时候动词的现在进行时,表预定的计划或即将发生的动作 时态 标志词 主动构成 否定构成 被动构成 特殊情况 过去进行时 ‎ at three yesterday afternoon ‎ at this time yesterday// at that time//‎ ‎ when/ while ‎ ‎ was/were +doing wasn’t/weren’t +doing ‎ ‎ was/were being + done While 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等 现在完成时 already, just, yet, never, ever, before for, since,‎ so far, all one’s life,‎ in the past 2 weeks=during the last 2 weeks,‎ recently,‎ ‎ ‎ have/has + done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ haven’t/hasn’t+ done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ have/has been +done 有for/since的肯定句时应该用延续性动词 过去完成时 主要用于宾语从句和时间状语从句中 By the time he got there, the bus…..//‎ When I got home, I realized that I…‎ ‎ had+done ‎ ‎ Hadn’t +done ‎ ‎ Had been + done ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 注意两点:‎ 1. 在状语从句中的一般时态表将来时态。‎ 在带有状语从句(条件、时间)的句子中,主句如果是用一般将来时,则从句要用一般现在时表示将来:‎ The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it doesn’t rain this Sunday.‎ He will be a teacher when he grows up.‎ 同理,如果在带有状语从句(条件、时间)的句子中,主句如果是用过去将来时,则从句要用一般过去时表示将来:‎ We would not leave until the teacher came back.‎ 1. 在主句使用过去式的宾语从句中时态的前后一致性。‎ 在宾语从句中,如果主句用的是一般过去式,则从句也要使用过去式,而且可以按照实际具体情况运用过去将来时、一般过去时、过去完成时或过去进行时。‎ He said that he was a doctor.‎ He told me he was watching TV at 7:00 yesterday evening.‎ He said that he had visited his old friends.‎ He said that they would read the book the following year. ‎ 2. 瞬间动词的完成时。瞬间动词也叫终止性动词,表示瞬间即逝、即刻完成的动作,如:start, begin, borrow, lend, buy, get, arrive, reach, come, go, open, close等等。既然这类动词表示的动作都是不能延续的,那么我们就不能说:I have borrowed the book since last Sunday. ‎ 在这些肯定句中,要用完成时,必须将瞬间动词化为相应的延续性动词。‎ arrive→be here      begin(start)→be on die →be dead          fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up         go out →be out finish →be over      put on →wear 或be on open →be open       join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed    go to school→be a student borrow →keep         buy →have catch(a cold)→have(a cold) get to know →know ‎ begin to study→study come to work→work   get up→be up 如: 1.He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。 2.His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。 3.The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。 4.We have studied English for three years. 我们(开始)学英语已三年了。 ‎ 考前归纳之动词篇    ‎ 动词搭配:‎ Will you please (not )do…/         请你(不)做某事好吗?‎ Would you please (not )do…?      请你(不)做某事好吗?‎ Why not do…?=Why don’t you do…?    为什么不做某事呢?               ‎ ‎ had better do…               最好做某事 ‎ let /make s.b do                  让某人做某事 → 被动: sb be made/ let to do would rather do than do          宁肯做。。。而不做….‎ can/may/must/should do            能/ 可以/ 必须/ 应该做 To do ‎1. want /would like to do  想要做        need to do      需要做 hope to do  希望做     decide to do=make up one’s mind to do  决定做 too….to do   太….不能做        ‎ ‎ learn to do    学做 try one’s best to do 尽力做         seem to do    似乎做 ‎ plan to do  计划做               offer to do   主动要求做 can’t wait to do 迫不及待地做     ‎ used to do    过去常常做      have a chance /an opportunity to dofail to do   有一个做…的机会 in order to do  为了做    prefer to do rather than do   宁肯做而不做 ‎2.  be the first / last to do   第一个/ 最后一个做 be lucky to do 做…很幸运  be happy / glad/sorry to do 很高兴/难过做某事 be able to do  能做   find / think + it + 形 + to do  发现/认为做某事… be supposed to do  应该做  ‎ ‎3. ask sb to do/ tell sb to do/ order sb to do 请求/告诉/命令某人做 invite s.b to do 邀请某人做 /  encourage s.b to do   鼓励某人做 ‎4. It’s time to do  到了做某事的时间了   It’s our duty to do 做…是我们的职责 ‎ It takes sb some time to do 某人花一段时间做  It is + 形( possible/polite/good…)for/of s.b to do 某人做…‎ Doing ‎ enjoy doing    喜欢做        mind (one’s) doing  介意做 finish doing    做完        feel like doing  想要做 keep / keep on doing  坚持做    practise doing 练习做 have fun /problems doing 做…很快乐/做…遇到麻烦  give up/drop doing 放弃做 spend time/money doing 花钱/时间做   prefer doing to doing 和…相比更喜欢 consider doing =think about doing考虑做 ‎2. be busy doing  忙于做       be good at doing=do well in doing  擅长做 be worth doing 值得做        be used for doing  被用来做 be interested in doing   对做…感兴趣  ‎ be excited about doing 做…很激动 ‎3.Thanks for doing … 谢谢你做  what /How about doing  做…怎么样阿? hold on to doing  坚持做     ‎ pay attention to doing   注意做 look forward to doing  期待做   dream of doing   梦想做 ‎4.do some cooking /shopping/ reading  做饭/ 购物/ 阅读 go+ skating/fishing /climbing/ 去滑冰/钓鱼/ 爬山 ‎ ‎ To do/doing ‎ remember to do/ doing 记得要做/做过 forget to do/ doing  忘记要做/做过 stop to do/ doing 停下来去做/ 停止正在做的事 go on to do / doing 继续做另一件事/ 继续做同一件事 start/ begin to do/ doing 开始做 hear sb doing/ to do  听见某人在做/ 做某事了 see sb. doing/ to do看见某人在做/ 做某事了 notice sb doing/to do  注意到某人在做/做某事了
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