2018_2019学年高中英语module2fantasyliteraturesectionⅲgrammar—用作状语的动词_ing形式教案外研版

2018_2019学年高中英语module2fantasyliteraturesectionⅲgrammar—用作状语的动词_ing形式教案外研版

SectionⅢGrammar—用作状语的动词-ing形式　　　[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①...butashestoodtryingtoclearhishead,hesawacat.②Thekingtakesthewomantohispalaceandmarriesher,notknowingthatsheisawickedwitch.③Hearingtheexcitingnews,theboyjumpedforjoy.④Workinghardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.⑤Beingexhaustedandhungry,hekeptonworking.⑥Travellingbyjeep,Ivisitedanumberofcities.⑦Hisparentsdiedinanaccident,leavinghimanorphan.1.以上各句中，黑体部分在句中均作状语。2．①句中黑体部分作伴随状语，②句中作原因状语，③句中作时间状语，④句中作条件状语，⑤句中作让步状语，⑥句中作方式状语，⑦句中作结果状语。3．由②句可知，动词ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。[语法剖析]语法点一动词ing形式作状语1．作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。其前面可加when,while或before等词。Puttingonhisclothes,Billwentoutinahurry.穿上衣服后，比尔匆忙离开了。Whilewaitingatthedentist’s,Ireadashortstory.在牙医诊所候诊时我读了一篇短篇小说。2．作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。Readingcarefully,you’lllearnsomethingnew.＝Ifyoureadcarefully,you’lllearnsomethingnew.仔细读，你就会学到新东西。3．作原因状语时，一般可改写成as或because引导的原因状语从句。Beingtired,hecouldn’twalkanyfurther.＝Ashewastired,hecouldn’twalkanyfurther.n由于累，他再也走不动了。4．作让步状语时，其前可加上although,though,evenif/though等词。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。Thoughworkinghard,hecouldn’tearnenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。5．作结果状语时，其前可加thereby,thus,therefore等词。Thebooksoldmorethan500,000copiesayear,makingitoneofthebestsellersatthattime.那本书一年销售五十多万册，使它成为当时的畅销书之一。Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。[名师点津]　现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，常与only,never,not等副词连用。Theoldladyhurriedtothemarket,onlytofindhermoneystolenonthebus.老太太匆匆赶到市场，结果却发现自己的钱在公共汽车上被偷了。6．作方式或伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作，伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。Theyallstoodthere,watchingcloselywhenthemagicianperformedthemagictricks.当那个魔术师表演魔术时他们都站在那儿，仔细地看着。集中演练11－1.单句改错①Standinfrontoftheschoolgate,Iwonderedwhattodonext.Stand→Standing②Manypeoplestoodatthestop,waitedforthebus.waited→waiting或waited前加and③Openedthewindow,Isawabutterflyflyingintomystudy.Opened→Opening④Callmetomorrow,Iwillletyouknowthelabresult.Call→Calling或I前加and1－2.句型转换n⑤AssoonasIheardthepromise,Ifeltagreatloadtakenoffmymind.→Hearingthepromise,_Ifeltagreatloadtakenoffmymind.⑥Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,andwaitedfortheirnewteacher.→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,waitingfortheirnewteacher.⑦Whilehewasreadingthebook,hefellasleep.→Whilereadingthebook,hefellasleep.⑧BecauseIdidn’tknowhiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.→Notknowinghiscellphonenumber,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.语法点二动词ing形式的时态和语态1．在逻辑上，当动词ing形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生时用一般式；当动词ing形式表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前时用完成式。Seeingthestrangercomingtowardshim,littleTomranawayasfastashecould.看见陌生人朝他来了，小汤姆尽可能快地跑开了。(see和run几乎同时发生)HavingstudiedEnglishforthreeyears,hecouldtellbriefstoriesinEnglish.由于学习了三年英语，他能用英语讲简单的故事。(study发生在read之前)2．在逻辑上，当句子的主语执行动词ing形式表示的动作时，动词ing形式用主动式；当句子的主语承受动词ing形式表示的动作时，动词ing形式用被动式。Helistenedtothetape,makingnotesnowandthen.他听着磁带，偶尔记笔记。(he执行make表示的动作)Beingcalledbyastranger,herealizedwhathadhappened.由于一个陌生人打电话，他意识到出事了。(he承受call表示的动作)集中演练22－1.单句语法填空①Hearing(hear)thenewsthatahurricanewasontheway,mostofthepeoplehurriedtosaferplaces.②Having_thought(think)themanager’swordscarefully,hedecidedtoworkinTibet.③Being_repaired(repair),thecarcan’tbeusedforthetimebeing.④Having_been_told(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.2－2.完成句子⑤Having_suffered_from_heart_disease_for_many_years(患心脏病多年),ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.⑥Helayonthegrass,staring_at_the_stars_in_the_sky(看着天上的星星)foralongtime.n⑦Not_having_finished_her_homework(由于没有完成她的作业),thelittlegirldidn’tgotobed.⑧Being_talked_to(被谈话时),youshouldlookintotheeyesoftheperson.[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2017·天津高考)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。动词allow与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此应用现在分词作结果状语。2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,using(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.解析：考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语people之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作方式状语。3.(2016·北京高考)Newlybuiltwoodencottageslinethestreet,turning(turn)theoldtownintoadreamland.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：新建的木屋排列在街道两旁，把这座古老的城镇变成了梦幻的世界。句子主语newlybuiltwoodencottages与turn之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。4．(2015·北京高考)Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoying(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：公园里到处都是人，他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。people和enjoy之间是主谓关系，且enjoy和主句的谓语动作同时发生，根据结构应该使用动词ing形式。5．(2015·天津高考)Having_worked(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。分析句子可知是先工作了两天，才如期完成了报告，work这个动作先于主句动作发生，故用havingdone形式。[针对演练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空n1．Walking(walk)inthestreet,Isuddenlyheardsomeonecallingmynamefrombehind.2．Having_been_told(tell)theanswerseveraltimes,hestillcouldn’tanswerthequestion.3．Having_told(tell)himtheanswerseveraltimes,Ididn’tknowwhetherhecouldunderstand.4．Martinsentashortmessagetohisfriend,Tony,_hoping(hope)toborrowsomemoneyfromhim.5．Following(follow)yourteacher’sadvice,youwillmakegreatprogresssoon.6．Althoughbeing(be)notrich,theWhitesarestillwillingtohelpthehomelessinwinter.7．Thehurricanestruckourtownlastnight,causing(cause)greatdamagetothecropsandbuildings.8．Theboycame,rushing(rush)intotheteacher’sofficewithhistestpapersinhishand.9．The30yearoldathletewontwogoldmedalsintheOlympicGames,becoming(become)anationalheroagain.10．Thoughlacking(lack)money,theymanagedtofinishtheprojectbeforethedeadline.Ⅱ.完成句子1．在和袁博士工作时，我从他身上学到很多。While_working_withDr.Yuan,Ilearnedalotfromhim.2．他在街上走着，左顾右盼。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet,looking_this_way_and_that.3．她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breaking_it_into_pieces.4．写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。Having_finished_the_letter,_hefoldeditandputitintotheenvelope.5．尽管他知道我住在哪儿，但他从不来看我。AlthoughknowingwhereIlive,henevercomestovisitme.Ⅲ.短文改错Wecanreachanyonebycellphonewhereverweare.Therefore,peopleareunawareofthenegativeeffectsofcellphonesoncommunication.Duetotheconvenienceofthencellphone,manypeoplehadstartedtoengageinsocialinteractioninpersonmorethanbefore.Inaddition,cellphonecommunicationlacksoffacialexpressionsandbodylanguage,withoutthatcommunicationbecomeslesspersonal.Consequently,somepeoplegetconfusingandnervouswhiletalkingtoapersonfacetofacebecausetheymostlytalktopeopleoncellphone.Weevendon’tknowthemannerofcommunication.Ithinkweshouldusecellphoneinwisewayandtrytoavoiddependingtoomanyonthem.答案：第二句：Therefore→However第三句：had→have;more→less第四句：去掉of;that→which第五句：confusing→confused第六句：We→They;manner→manners第七句：in后加a;many→much