2020-2021学年中考英语训练专题01 完形填空之记叙文

2020-2021学年中考英语训练专题01 完形填空之记叙文

‎2020-2021学年中考英语重难点题型讲解训练专题01 完形填空之记叙文 记叙文主要是记人、叙事写景、状物一类的文章，它是借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态及其发展过程，用以表现作者的思想，抒发作者某种情感的文章形式。中考中常见的记叙类完形填空主要以叙事、记人为主，如幽默故事、童话故事、历史故事、人物传记、新闻报道等。‎ Part 1考情分析 根据近几年的中考试题可以看出，完形填空记叙文故事性强，有情节，而且内容多种多样，多侧重表达西方人的风俗习惯，描写人物内心活动等。有以下特点：‎ ‎1.首句完整，线索清晰 一般来说，完形填空首句中会包含人物身份和事件发生的时间、地点等重要信息，并且不设空。‎ ‎2.叙述灵活，侧重语境 文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件，较少加入自己的观点或评论。另外，记叙型完形填空中常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换或语气上的差异，这就增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的考查，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境来辨析词语并做出选择这一考查目的。‎ ‎3.考查以实词为主，虚词为辅 记叙型完形填空篇幅不长，行文始终紧扣中心话题，形成一个主题连续体。考查重点集中在动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词上。‎ ‎ Part 2解题思路 ‎1.重视首句，开篇明义 从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。所以应充分重视首句的指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。一般地说，记叙文类的文章的首句会交代4个W(when,where,who,what)，概括了整篇文章的中心和写作意图。‎ ‎【例1】‎ Jack，the postman，pushed his bike towards Mrs．Li's house．His work for the day was （67）______finished，and now he had only one letter with him to deliver to Mrs．Li．She lived over a mile from the village．When Jack had a letter for her，he always finished his day's work much later．He didn't （68）______this，but she always asks him in for a cup of tea．‎ When Jack got into the gate of Mrs.Li's house，he was so （69）______because he didn't find Mrs.Li working in the garden．She usually spent most（70）______there when the weather was fine．He knocked hard at the door，but there was no answer．Jack felt it very（71）______because he knew Mrs．Li hardly left the house．‎ Just then he found that her bottle of milk was（72）______in front of the door．He thought perhaps Mrs．Li was ill．Jack tried his best to push through an open window．He went into the house．Mrs．Li was lying on the floor．Jack rushed out of the house，stopped a car and told the driver to telephone a doctor as soon as he got to the village．‎ At last the doctor came in time and Mrs．Li was saved．‎ ‎67．A．half B．already C．almost D．never ‎68．A．say B．understand C．find D．mind ‎69．A．angry B．excited C．worried D．pleased ‎70．A．mornings B．afternoons C．evenings D．nights ‎71．A．interesting B．important C．strange D．necessary ‎72．A．once B．still C．even D．also．‎ ‎【详解】‎ ‎67题答案：C 考查副词辨析．A一半；B已经；C几乎；D从不；根据后面now he had only one letter with him to deliver to Mrs．Li现在他只有一封信要交给李太太，前面应该是几乎要完成了，故答案是C．‎ ‎68题答案：D 考查动词辨析．A说；B理解；C发现；D介意；根据前面She lived over a mile from the village．When Jack had a letter for her，he always finished his day's work much ‎ later．她住在离村子一英里远的地方，杰克有她一封信，他总是很晚完成一天的工作．后面不，应该是不介意这么晚下班，故答案是D．‎ ‎69题答案：C 考查形容词辨析．A生气；B兴奋的；C担心 的；D高兴的；根据后面because he didn't find Mrs．Li working in the garden因为他没有发现李太太在花园里工作，前面应该是担心，故答案是C．‎ ‎70题答案：B 考查名词辨析．A早上；B下午；C晚上；D夜里；根据后面 weather was fine天气好时，结合上文下班，可推出应该是下午，故答案是B．‎ ‎71题答案：C 考查形容词辨析．A有趣的；B重要的；C奇怪的；D必要的；根据后面because he knew Mrs．Li hardly left the house因为他知道李太太几乎没有离开房子，前面应该是很奇怪，故答案是C．‎ ‎72题答案：B 考查副词辨析．A曾经；B仍然；C甚至；D也；根据Just then he found that her bottle of milk was （72）in front of the door．就在这时，他发现，应该是牛奶仍然在门前，故答案是B．‎ ‎2.利用语境，揣摩心态。‎ 中考完形填空题逐渐摒弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，揣摩作者的心情，以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等的描写。‎ ‎3.理清线索，把握方向。‎ 记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。‎ ‎【例2】‎ There was a girl called Anna，who was studying in Esmarth Vil，a primary school in the United States．She was the most（1） ______girl at her school．Her marks were higher than the others．She was the best，and almost everybody wanted to be her（2）______．They wanted to play with her．‎ One day，the teacher set an exam and a boy called Robert（3）______ his exam using Anna's name．So when the teacher（4）______all the exams，Anna found out she had failed the exam，and the other kids were（5）______．‎ Later on，Robert apologized to Anna，and finally they became good friends．‎ ‎（1）A．outgoing B．beautiful C．careful D．hardworking ‎（2）A．neighbor B．friend C．classmate D．teacher ‎（3）A．signed B．sent C．offered D．wrote ‎（4）A．marked B．finished C．returned D．exchanged ‎（5）A．pleased B．moved C．shocked D．scared ‎【详解】‎ ‎1． D．考查形容词辨析．A外向的；B漂亮的；C小心的；D努力的；根据her marks were higher that the others 她的分数比别人高可知，Anna 是学校里最勤奋的学生．故选择D．‎ ‎2． A．考查名词辨析．A邻居；B朋友；C同学；D老师，根据后面They wanted to play with her想和她一起玩，及前面学习好，可知都想和她成为同桌；故选A．‎ ‎3．A．考查动词辨析．A签名；B发送；C提供；D写；根据the teacher set an exam and a boy called Robert （3）his exam using Anna's name用安娜的名字签他的试卷，故选择A．‎ ‎4．C．考查动词辨析．A作记号；B完成；C返回；D交换；根据 So when the teacher（4）all the exams， Anna found out she had failed the exam安娜发现她考试不及格，应该是把所有卷返回来了，故选择C．‎ ‎5．C．考查形容词辨析．A高兴的；B感动的；C震惊的；D尖叫的；根据前面Anna found out she had failed the exam，and the other kids were安娜发现她考试不及格，结合前面是好学生，应该是都非常震惊．故选择C．‎ ‎ Part 3解题技巧 ‎ ‎1.首句概览法 一般情况下，文章第一句会交待人物的姓名、身份、事件发生的时间、地点等。利用首句确定文章的体裁，并通过分析首句预测下文内容。‎ ‎2.语境推测法 因为完形填空主要考查对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。‎ ‎3.上下呼应法 在完形填空试题中，某词常常以原词、该词的同义词或近义词等形式重复出现在语篇中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接，从而构成一个完整的有机整体。因此，当有些空格根据所在句的上下文语境一时无法作出正确选择时，考生要特别注意上下文中的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。‎ 精讲精练 ‎【例题1】 ‎ ‎ Before graduating college，Jackie began to look for a job．She aimed at a famous company，but the（1）_____for such jobs was very strong.The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person， but more than twenty people applied for the job. （2）_____，Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview．The interview was very （3）_____．The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes．Then the interviewer said to them，"All of you are very good． Please go home and （4）_____our response．"‎ Three days later， Jackie received a message saying she would not be （5）　_____the job．She felt deeply disappointed．That evening，however，she received another（6）_____．This time it said that she got the job．‎ Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview﹣a（7）_____to see if she was suitable for the job．All the three people received the（8）_____text，but only Jackie's reply（9）_____the company．Of the three，one did not reply．The other said "goodbye" and Jackie said "thank you"．This reply showed that Jackie was a/an（10）_____person，so the company offered her the job．‎ ‎（1）A． exam B． work C． competition D． plan ‎（2）A． Thankfully B． Unluckily C． Hopefully D． Immediately ‎（3）A． long B． strict C． interesting D． simple ‎（4）A． pick up B． wait for C． deal with D． think of ‎（5）A． offered B． returned C． refused D． shown ‎（6）A． letter B． e﹣mail C． call D． message ‎（7）A． guide B． conversation C． test D． lesson ‎（8）A． same B． other C． second D． whole ‎（9）A． reached B． satisfied C． helped D． surprised ‎（10）A． brave B． clever C． polite D． honest ‎【答案】CADBA DCABC ‎【解析】‎ ‎（1）C 考查名词，A． exam考试 B． work工作 C． competition竞争 D． plan计划，根据 was very strong，结合后文 The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person， but more than twenty people applied for the job，杰姬选择的公司只雇佣了一个人，但有20多人申请了这份工作．推出是指参加应聘人员的竞争非常激烈，故选C．‎ ‎（2）A 考查副词，A． Thankfully感激地 B． Unluckily不幸地 C． Hopefully有希望地 D． Immediately 立即，根据Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview杰基是被邀请参加最后面试的三个人之一．推出这让Jackie很感激，故选A．‎ ‎（3）D 考查形容词，A． long长的 B． strict严格的 C． interesting有趣的 D． simple简单的，根据The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10minutes面试官问了几个问题，在不到10分钟的时间里就结束了，推出面试很简单，故选D．‎ ‎（4）B 考查短语，A． pick up捡起 B． wait for等待 C． deal with处理 D． think of想起，根据 Please ‎ go home and …our response．结合选项，推出句意：请回家等候回复，故选B．‎ ‎（5）A 考查动词，A． offered提供 B． returned返回 C． refused拒绝 D． shown解释，根据Jackie received a message saying she would not be …the job．结合选项，推出句意：杰基收到一条消息说她不会被提供这份工作，故选A．‎ ‎（6）D 考查名词，A． letter信 B． e﹣mail电子邮件 C． call电话 D． message信息，根据前文 Jackie received a message杰基收到一条消息 ，结合another再一，推出是又收到一个信息，故选D．‎ ‎（7）C 考查名词，A． guide 想到B． conversation会谈 C． test测试 D． lesson功课，根据to see if she was suitable for the job看她是否适合这份工作，推出这是一种测试，故选C．‎ ‎（8）A 考查形容词，A． same相同的 B． other其他的 C． second第二 D． whole整个的，根据后文but only Jackie's reply（9）B the company Of the three，三个人中Jackie回答让公司满意，推出公司给了他们同样的信息，故选A．‎ ‎（9）B 考查动词，A． reached到达 B． satisfied使满意 C． helped帮助 D． surprised使惊讶，根据前文This time it said that she got the job．这一次，她被告诉她得到了这份工作，推出她的回答让公司满意，故选B．‎ ‎（10）C 考查形容词，A． brave勇敢的 B． clever聪明的 C． polite礼貌的 D． honest诚实的，根据Jackie said "thank you"谢谢你． 可知Jackie的回答是礼貌的，故选C．‎ ‎【练习1】 ‎ It was a cold morning，and Eduardo Ortega received a large envelope．In it was his dream．But he was too nervous to（1）_____it．He put the envelope into his （2）_____and caught the school bus．Eduardo arrived at （3）_____，walked past his classmates and sat down in the school library．He took a deep breath，（4）_____the envelope out of his pocket and carefully opened it．As he read the words，"Congratulations…（5）_____have been accepted，"he was already in tears．He remembered the long hours working in the fields，picking strawberries and beans．During those years，Eduardo was much more than a child （6）_____．After work every day，his tired friends drank coffee or slept．Eduardo went to the evening school．He studied，read，and wrote poems and short ‎ stories．Although he （7）_____some classes，he became the best student．‎ When he was thirteen，Eduardo （8）_____one of his dreams﹣to fly on an airplane for the first time．He wrote a poem that won a prize﹣a trip to San Francisco．（9）_____he flew，he promised himself to become a pilot．He loved to（10）_____．‎ Even though Eduardo worked to help his family，his father（11）_____encouraged him to go to school．So，while he worked，he also studied．Many days，he thought it was（12）_____，too tired to read his books．But his father just smiled and told him he could（13）_____it．‎ So，now，Eduardo knew his dream of becoming a pilot was not （14）　_____．He knew that it was his father's （15）_____，too．He would soon become a pilot，flying every day to all the exciting areas in the world．‎ ‎1．A．open B．know C．answer D．write ‎2．A．car B．mailbox C．desk D．pocket ‎3．A．home B．school C．the airport D．the post office ‎4．A．drew B．placed C．reached D．made ‎5．A．I B．we C．you D．they ‎6．A．worker B．writer C．waiter D．pilot ‎7．A．watched B．missed C．took D．left ‎8．A．wanted B．found C．realized D．thought ‎9．A．Because B．As C．After D．Before ‎10．A．fly B．dream C．study D．work ‎11．A．also B．still C．sometimes D．always ‎12．A．careless B．hopeless C．uninteresting D．unimportant ‎13．A．take B．stop C．make D．work ‎14．A．planned B．needed C．done D．lost ‎15．A．job B．way C．dream D．advice．‎ ‎【答案】ADBAC DBCBA DBCDC ‎【解析】‎ ‎1．A 考查动词辨析．A表示打开；B表示知道；C表示回答；D表示写．由He put the envelope into his…and caught the school bus可知此处表示他太紧张不敢打开它，选A．‎ ‎2．D 考查名词辨析．A表示车；B表示邮箱；C表示课桌；D表示口袋．由the envelope out of his pocket and carefully opened it可知此处表示他把信封放到了口袋里，选D．‎ ‎3．B 考查名词辨析．A表示家；B表示学校；C表示机场；D表示办公室．由walked past his classmates and sat down in the school library可知Eduardo是到了学校，选B．‎ ‎4．A 考查动词辨析．A表示画，拉；B表示放置；C表示到达，够着；D表示使．由carefully opened it可知此处表示他从口袋里将信封拉了出来，选A．‎ ‎5．C 考查代词辨析．A表示我；B表示我们；C表示你；D表示他们．由Eduardo Ortega received a large envelope可知这封信是写给Eduardo的，所以内容应该是你被录用了，选C．‎ ‎6．D 考查名词辨析．A表示工人；B表示作家；C表示服务员；D表示飞行员．由下文的he promised himself to become a pilot和He would soon become a pilot，flying every day to all the exciting areas in the world可知此处选D指飞行员．‎ ‎7．B 考查动词辨析．A表示看；B表示错过；C表示带走；D表示离开．结合语境可知此处表示虽然他错过了一些课，但他成为了最好的学生，选B．‎ ‎8．C 考查动词辨析．A表示想；B表示发现；C表示实现；D表示想．由to fly on an airplane for the first time可知此处表示Eduardo实现了他的一个梦想，选C．‎ ‎9．B 考查连词辨析．A表示因为；B表示当…时；C表示在…后；D表示在…前．结合语境可知此处表示当他飞行时，他向自己承诺要成为一名飞行员，选B．‎ ‎10．A 考查动词辨析．A表示飞；B表示做梦；C表示学习；D表示工作．由he promised himself to become a pilot可知此处表示他喜爱飞行，选A．‎ ‎11．D 考查副词辨析．A表示也；B表示仍然；C表示有时；D表示总是．由So，while he worked，he also studied可知此处表示他的父亲总是鼓励他去上学，选D．‎ ‎12．B 考查形容词辨析．A表示粗心的；B表示无望的；C表示无趣的；D表示不重要的．由too tired to read his books可知此处表示他觉得那是没有希望的，选B．‎ ‎13．C 考查动词与固定搭配．A表示带走；B表示停止；C表示使；D表示工作．make it表示成功，由his father just smiled可知此处表示告诉他他可以成功的，选C．‎ ‎14．D 考查动词辨析．A表示计划；B表示需要；C表示做；D表示失去．由But his father just smiled and told him he could make it可知此处表示所以，现在Eduardo知道他成为飞行员的梦想并没有丢失，选D．‎ ‎15．C 考查名词辨析．A表示工作；B表示方法；C表示梦想；D表示建议．由too可知此处表示他知道那也是他父亲的梦想，选C．‎ ‎【例题2】 ‎ Tom worked hard in an office．But it seemed that there was little change in his life．He was unhappy and didn't want to improve himself any more．His father，Joe，knew this and decided to have a talk with（1）_______．‎ One day, Tom and his father went for a walk after dinner．（2）_______they were walking along a river. Tom said，"Dad，you always tell me to learn something new．To be （3）_______，I don't want to make any change．"‎ Joe looked in the river，saw a dead（4）_______ and pointed at it．‎ ‎"Tom， what is that over there？"‎ ‎"It's a dead fish．"‎ ‎"What's the fish doing？"‎ ‎"It's moving down with the running water．"‎ ‎"But the fish is dead．（5）_______ can it be moving？" asked Joe．‎ ‎"It's moving as the river is moving．"‎ Joe turned to his son and said．"Life is（6）_______the river．It's always moving and always changing．Some people don't want to change，but their life is always changing whether they like it or not．A dead fish only moves along the river，while a living fish can control its journey．What's you choice if you want to live a（7）_______ life？"‎ This made Tom（8）_______ his aunt who had already stopped learning and developing．And she just stayed the way she used to be，living like a dead fish．‎ Guided by his（9）_______ ，Tom understood what he said．He didn't want to become a person like his aunt．So he made up his mind to（10）_______ learning and developing himself．‎ ‎（1）A．you B．me C．her D．him ‎（2）A．Once B．While C．After D．Before ‎（3）A．honest B．happy C．quiet D．patient ‎（4）A．bird B．dog C．duck D．fish ‎（5）A．Who B．Which C．How D．When ‎（6）A．in B．over C．like D．by ‎（7）A．worse B．harder C．greener D．better ‎（8）A．give up B．think of C．wait for D．hear from ‎（9）A．aunt B．father C．uncle D．friend ‎（10）A．continue B．finish C．avoid D．stop ‎【答案】DBADC CDBBA ‎【解析】‎ ‎（1）D 考查代词，A．you你 B．me我 C．her她 D． him他，根据His father， Joe， knew this and decided to have a talk with ，可知是他的父亲决定跟他谈一下，Tom对应宾格动词him， 故选D．‎ ‎（2）B 考查连词，A． Once一次 B． While当…时 C． After在…之后 D． Before在…之前，根据 they were walking along a river． 可知是过去进行时，常用while引导过去进行时， 故选B．‎ ‎（3）A 考查形容词，A．honest诚实的 B．happy开心的 C．quiet安静的 D．patient耐心的，根据 To be ，结合选项，推出是短语to be honest老实说， 故选A．‎ ‎（4）D 考查名词，A． bird鸟 B．dog狗 C．duck鸭子 D．fish鱼，根据后文"It's a dead fish．" 推出他的父亲让他看河里的死鱼， 故选D．‎ ‎（5）C 考查副词，A．Who谁 B．Which哪个 C．How如何 D．When什么时候，根据 "It's moving as the river is moving．"它随着河流在移动，推出问句是：它如何在移动， 故选C．‎ ‎（6）C 考查介词，A． in在里面 B． over越过 C．like像 D． by被，根据Life is …the river，结合选项，推出句意：生活就像这河， 故选C．‎ ‎（7）D 考查形容词，A．worse更差 B．harder更辛苦 C．greener更绿 D．better更好，根据后文Guided by his （9）， Tom understood what he said．He didn't want to become a person like his aunt． So he made up his mind to （10）learning and developing himself．可知在他爸爸的引导下，他决定努力学习，提升自己，推出他爸爸的这句话的意思是：如果想要更好的生活，你该选择什么， 故选D．‎ ‎（8）B 考查短语，A． give up放弃 B． think of想起 C．wait for等待 D． hear from收到…的来信，根据This made Tom …his aunt ，结合选项，推出句意：这让他想起来他的阿姨， 故选B．‎ ‎（9）B 考查名词，A．aunt阿姨 B．father爸爸 C．uncle叔叔 D． friend朋友，根据文章内容，Tom在和爸爸对话，所以是他的爸爸在引导他， 故选B．‎ ‎（10）A 考查动词，A．continue继续 B． finish完成 C．avoid避免 D．stop停止，根据 He didn't want to become a person like his aunt他不想成为像他阿姨那样的人，推出他继续努力学习，提升自己， 故选A．‎ ‎【练习2】 ‎ My friends and I joined a two﹣day survival（生存） training course in the mountains．The first day was really（1）_____﹣there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite， we were divided into groups and given a tent， some food， a（2）_____and a compass（指南针）．Standing next to a small river， Fanny（3）　_____camping in the grassy area nearby． However， our instructor， Mr．Lee， pointed out that it might flood（淹没）if it rained．In the end，we found a （4）_____area．Putting up the tent was very hard．（5）_____Mr．Lee helped us a lot．‎ By the time we had put up the tent，（6）_____was really hungry．"We wouldn't have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks．" Peter said．We all told him to（7）_____complaining（抱怨） and help us start a fire to cook our food（8）_____．Realizing we were having trouble making the fire，he finally（9）_____．‎ The next day started early．Woken by a strange noise．Peter went to see what was（10）_____．"Some cows have eaten our breakfast!"he shouted．"That's all because you didn't（11）_____the food properly last night．"said Mr．Lee．‎ Worried that Mr．Lee was angry with us，we tried very hard on our next （12）_____﹣using the map and compass to find a secret location．We made it to the location（13）_____the other group did．We all felt very proud of（14）_____．‎ The survival training course was a great（15）_____．Now I feel I could survive anywhere!‎ ‎（1）A．disappointing B．difficult C．different D．boring ‎（2）A．map B．book C．light D．knife ‎（3）A．suggested B．finished C．imagined D．enjoyed ‎（4）A．nearer B．lower C．bigger D．higher ‎（5）A．Surprisingly B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Usually ‎（6）A．everyone B．anyone C．someone D．no one ‎（7）A．start B．mind C．stop D．continue ‎（8）A．yet B．too C．again D．instead ‎（9）A．helped out B．gave out C．worked out D．started out ‎（10）A．developing B．happening C．beginning D．following ‎（11）A．throw off B．put away C．eat up D．sell out ‎（12）A．plan B．lesson C．task D．problem ‎（13）A．till B．after C．when D．before ‎（14）A．him B．them C．you D．ourselves ‎（15）A．example B．experience C．activity D．competition ‎【答案】BAADC ACDAB BCDDB ‎【解析】‎ ‎1．B．考查形容词．disappointing令人失望的；difficult困难的；different不同的；boring无聊的．句意：第一天非常难．根据下文"there was so much to do"可知，因为要做的事情很多，故知第一天"很难"，故选B．‎ ‎2． A．考查名词．map地图；book书；light光线（灯）；knife小刀．句意：到达营地后，我们被分成各个小组，并分到了一个帐篷、一些食物、一张地图和一个指南针．"地图"和指南针是野外活动必须的物品，也是一种常用工具组合：地图用于寻找位置和路线，指南针用于辨别方向．故选A．‎ ‎3． A．考查动词．suggested建议（表明）；finished结束；imagined想象；enjoyed新手（喜欢）．句意：当我们站在一条小河边时，范尼建议在附近处的草丛中露营．根据下文"However， our instructor， Mr．Lee， pointed out that it might flood（淹没） if it rained"可知，向导否决了在草丛中露营的"建议"（因为如果下雨的话，会被淹没），故选A．‎ ‎4． D．考查形容词比较级．nearer比较近的；lower较低的；bigger较大的；higher较高的．句意：最终，我们找到了一个地势较高的地方．根据上文" However， our instructor， Mr．Lee， pointed out that it might ‎ flood（淹没） if it rained"可知，向导觉得河边的草丛地势太低，故知要搬到一个"较高"之处，故选D．‎ ‎5． C．考查副词．surprisingly令人吃惊地；suddenly突然地；luckily幸运地；usually通常地．句意：幸运的是，李先生帮了我们的大忙．根据句中其他部分可知，李先生帮忙很大，这对我们是"幸运的"，故选C．‎ ‎6． A．考查不定代词．everyone每个人；anyone任何人；someone某人；no one没有人．句意：到我们搭起帐篷时，人人都很饿了．根据下文"We wouldn't have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks"可知，"人人"都饿了．故选A．‎ ‎7． C．考查动词（不定式）．start开始；mind介意；stop停止；continue继续．句意：我们都让他停止抱怨．根据上文" ‘We wouldn't have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks' Peter said"和下文"and help us start a fire to cook our food（8）"可知，彼得在抱怨，故大家让他"不要（停止））"抱怨，帮大家生火，故选C．‎ ‎8． D．考查副词．yet仍然；too太；again再；instead代替（相反）．句意：而是帮助大家生火做饭，根据上文可知，彼得在抱怨，故大家让他不要抱怨，而要帮大家生火，故选D．‎ ‎9． A．考查动词短语．help out帮助解决；give out发出；work out算出；start out动身．句意：他意识到我们无法生火，于是他帮忙解决了困难．根据宾语从句"we were having trouble making the fire"可知，因为我们无法生火，故他"帮忙解决了困难"，故选A．‎ ‎10． B．考查过去进行时．developing发展；happing发生；beginning开始；following跟从．句意：彼得被一种奇怪的声音吵醒，于是去看看发生了什么事情．根据下文"Some cows have eaten our breakfast"可知，奶牛把我们的食物早餐吃掉了，这就是"发生的事情"，故选B．‎ ‎11． B．考查动词短语．throw off扔掉；put away收起；eat up吃光；sell out卖完．句意：这全是因为你没有把食物收起来．根据上文"Some cows have eaten our breakfast"可知，食物被奶牛吃掉，原因是昨天没有把它们"收起来"，故选B．‎ ‎12． C．考查名词．plan计划；lesson计划；task任务；problem问题．句意：我们努力进行下一个任务﹣﹣利用地图和指南针寻找一个秘密地点．根据下文" using the map and compass to find a secret location"可知，利用地图和指南针寻找一个秘密地点，这是个"任务"，故选C．‎ ‎13．‎ ‎ D．考查连词．till直到；after在……之后；when当……的时候；before在……之前．句意：我们在其他小组之前到达了该地点．根据下文" We all felt very proud of（14）"可知，他们感到骄傲，是因为"在其他小组之前"到达，故选D．‎ ‎14． D．考查反身代词．him他；them他们；you你；ourselves我们自己．句意：我们都对自己感到骄傲．根据上文"We made it to the location（13）the other group did"可知，他们在其他小组之前到达，故对"自己"感到骄傲．‎ ‎15． B． 考查名词．example例子；experience经历（经验）；activity活动；competition竞争（竞赛）．句意：生存训练是一次了不起的经历．根据文章所说，作者经历了野外生存的考验，故知这是一次"经历"，故选B．‎ ‎【例题3】 ‎ Are you a man or a mouse？When people ask this question they want to know whether you think you are a （11）______ person or a coward（懦夫）． But you will never really know the answer to this question（12）______ you are tested in real life．Some people think they are brave but when they come face to face with real（13）______， they act like cowards． Others think of themselves as cowards，but when they meet danger，they act like heroes．‎ Lenny had always thought of himself as a（14）______ person．He got worried before examinations．He worried about his job and health．All he wanted in life was to be safe and healthy．Then，on January 15th，2002，a plane crashed into the Potomac River in Washington．Lenny went to the river to see what was happening．He saw a woman in the（15）______ water．Lenny did not feel afraid．He kept very calm and did a very dangerous thing．He jumped into the Potomac River，（16）______ to the woman，and kept her head above the water．Seventy-eight people died that day．Thanks to Lenny，it was not seventy-nine．‎ When you are in a very（17）______ situation and feel afraid，the body automatically（自动地）produces a chemical in the blood．The chemical is called adrenalin（肾上腺素）．（18）______ adrenalin in the blood system，you actually feel stronger and stronger and are ready to fight or run away．However， when you are absolutely terrified（完全的恐慌），the body can produce too much adrenalin．When this（19）______，the muscles become very hard and you find you can't move at all．You are then paralyzed（使无能为力）with fear．This is why ‎ when we arevery frightened（受惊吓的），we sometimes say we're "petrified"．This word comes from the Greek word "petros"，which means "stone"．We are（20）______ frightened that we become stonelike．‎ ‎11． A． brave B． real C． hard D． certain ‎12． A． when B． until C． after D． once ‎13． A． life B． question C． mouse D． danger ‎14． A． useful B． brave C． nervous D． terrible ‎15． A． fresh B． poisonous C． warm D． ice﹣cold ‎16． A． went B． helped C． spoke D． swam ‎17． A． dangerous B． comfortable C． different D． favorable ‎18． A． With B． Without C． For D． Like ‎19． A． gets B． disappears C． happens D． goes ‎20． A． really B． very C． such D． so ‎【答案】ABDCD DAACD ‎【解析】‎ ‎11．A考查形容词：A．brave勇敢的，B．real真的，C．hard困难的，D．certain确定的，和a coward（懦夫）对应的是brave．选A ‎12．B考查连词：A．when 当…．时候，B．until直到，C．after在…．后面，D．once 一旦，until和否定词连用，直到…才…，选B ‎13．D 考查名词：A．life生活，B．question问题，C．mouse 老鼠，D．danger危险，根据后面的they act like cowards可知是面对危险．选 D ‎14．C 考查形容词：A．useful 有用的，B．brave ‎ 勇敢的，C．nervous紧张的，D．bored厌烦的，从后面的got worried 可知是nervous，选C ‎15．D 考查形容词：A．fresh新鲜的，B．poisonous有毒的，C．warm温暖的，D．ice﹣cold冰冷的，因为是一月份，所以是ice﹣cold，冰冷的．选D ‎16．D 考查动词：A．went去，B．helped帮助，C．spoke说话，D．swam游泳，jumped into the Potomac，跳进水里游向这个女人，故选D．‎ ‎17．A 考查形容词：A．dangerous 危险的，B．comfortable 舒服的，C．different不同的，D．interesting有趣的，从后面的feel afraid， 可知选dangerous，选A ‎18．A 考查介词，A．With随着，B．Without没有，C．For 为了，D．Like 象，根据题干，可知考查with复合结构，with+宾语+介词短语．血液里面带有肾上激素，你实际上会感觉更加坚强．选A ‎19．C 考查动词：A．gets得到，B．disappears消失，C．happens 发生，D．goes去，当这个发生的时候，你的肌肉会更硬，选C．‎ ‎20．D 考查连词，A．really真的，B．very非常，C．such这样，D．so因此，我们是如此害怕以至于就会象石头一样．使用了so…that句型，such后面应该修饰名词，选D ‎【练习3】 ‎ We may have many difficulties in life，and sometimes it's even unfair for someone，but it depends on how you face them．Sally is a student from a university，she made a（1）_______ last August．She decided to lake her grandmother（2）_______ their hometown and live with her in a rented room（出租房）near her school．‎ Sally's family have met a lot in the past few years．Her grandmother（3） _______her legs and she could walk only with a stick，Her father died because of illness，_______Sally's mother plagued（受折磨）by these events，she lost the（4）_______ to take care of others，"This was the only choice．No one else could（5）_______ my grandma，Sally explained．_______Her grandmother has also had a（6）_______ life，The old woman's three sons have all died，and Sally couldn't leave her alone where（7）_______ could look after her．A room with two beds，a desk and a table is their new home．The room（8）_______ her several hundred yuan every month．In order to make money，Sally works in a supermarket after class and spends the money（9）_______the family．I was brought ‎ up by my grandma，and now it's my（10）_______ to take care of her，" said Sally．When she was young，her grandmother "magically" prepared every meal（11）_______ for her every day，even though she could not（12） _______a clock．‎ In the eyes of Sally's teacher，the girl is a(an)（13）______student．"Though taking care of her grandmother takes her lots of（14）_______，Sally has tried to stay on top of all her courses．She is even preparing for an English singing contest，" Her teacher said．Sally even（15）_______help from others．"It's kind of like only getting without giving，she explained．At present，the girl is able to support the home with her weak shoulder．‎ ‎（1）A． promise B． decision C． living D． progress ‎（2）A． from B． in C． to D． for ‎（3）A． kicked B． tied C． broke D． lost ‎（4）A． hope B． ability C． dream D． power ‎（5）A． look for B． wait for C． search for D． care for ‎（6）A． homeless B． boring C． hard D． meaningless ‎（7）A． nobody B． somebody C． anybody D． everybody ‎（8）A． pays B． takes C． costs D． spends ‎（9）A． supporting B． building C． finding D． making ‎（10）A． hobby B． interest C． dream D． turn ‎（11）A． in time B． on time C． at times D． out of time ‎（12）A． read B． notice C． see D． watch ‎（13）A． unlucky B． fascinating C． careful D． excellent ‎（14）A． money B． spirit C． energy D． courage ‎（15）A． accepted B． asked C． refused D． got ‎【答案】BACBD CACAD BADCC ‎【解析】‎ ‎1．B．考查名词．A承诺．B决定．C生计．D进步．句意"她是一名大学学生，去年8月作了一个___．"．根据下一句 She decided to她决定…可知，应该是"决定"．选B．‎ ‎2．A．考查介词．A来自、从…B在…李．C到…D为了…句意"她决定把祖母__家乡带走，和她一起住在学校附近租来的房间里"．可知，应该是"从"．选A．‎ ‎3．C．考查动词．A踢．B系．C折断、打破．D丢失．句意"她的祖母__了腿，只能用棍子走路．"．可知，应该是"折断"．选C．‎ ‎4．B．考查名词．A希望．B能力．C梦想．D权利．句意"莎丽的母亲受到这些事件的折磨，失去了照顾别人的__．"．可知，腿断了，没有"能力"照顾别人．选B．‎ ‎5．D．考查动词短语．A寻找．B等待．C搜索．D照顾．句意"没有人能__我奶奶，"．根据上一句 Her father died because of illness， Sally's mother plagued （受折磨） by these events， she lost the ability to take care of others她父亲因病去世，莎丽的母亲被这些事件折磨着，她失去了照顾别人的能力．可知，应该是"照顾"．选D．‎ ‎6．C．考查形容词．A无家可归的．B无聊的．C难的．D无意义的．句意"她的祖母也过着__生活，老妇人的三个儿子都死了，"．可知，应该是"难的"．选C．‎ ‎7．A．考查不定代词．A没人．B一些人．C任何人．D每个人．句意"莎丽不能让她独自待在__照料的地方．"．根据上一句The old woman's three sons have all died老妇人的三个儿子都死了．可知，应该是"没人"照顾．选A．‎ ‎8．C．考查动词．pay money for sth．付钱买…．take后面常跟双宾语，It takes sb．+时间+to do sth．做某事花了某人多少时间．cost的主语是物或某种活动．spend的主语必须是人．句意"这个房间每月花费她几百元．"．主语room房间．用costs花费．选C．‎ ‎9．A．考查动名词．A支持．B建造．C找到．D做．句意"为了挣钱，莎丽下课后在超市工作，挣钱__这个家．"．可知，应该是"支持"．选A．‎ ‎10．D．考查名词．A爱好．B兴趣．C梦想．D 翻转、改变、轮到．句意"我是由我奶奶抚养长大的，现在__我照顾她了．"莎丽说．"．可知，my turn轮到我了．选D．‎ ‎11．B．考查搭配．A及时．B按时．C有时．D不合时宜．句意"当她年轻的时候，她的祖母‘如魔法般地'每天__为她准备每顿饭．"．可知，应该是"按时"．选B．‎ ‎12．A．考查动词．A读、看得懂．B注意．C看到．D观看．句意"尽管她甚至不能__钟表．"．可知，看得懂钟表用read．选A．‎ ‎13．D．考查形容词．A不幸的．B迷人的．C仔细的．D优秀的．句意"在莎丽老师的眼里，这个女孩是一个__学生．"．独自照顾奶奶，当然是"优秀的"．选D．‎ ‎14．C．考查名词．A钱．B精神．C能量、精力．D勇气．句意"虽然照顾祖母需要很多__．"．根据下一句Sally has tried to stay on top of all her courses莎丽努力保持她所有课程的领先地位．可知，应该是"精力"．选C．‎ ‎15．C．考查动词．A接受．B询问．C拒绝．D得到．句意"莎丽甚至__别人的帮助．"．根据下一句It's kind of like only getting without giving， she explained她解释说，这就像只得到不给予．可知，应该是"拒绝"．选C．‎ 课后作业 ‎ ‎ A successful businessman was invited to a TV interview．Everybody couldn't wait to hear his SUCCESS from him．（1）_____，he only said with a smile．"Won't it be better for me to ask you for help on a certain problem？‎ All the people were listening to him carefully．Here is his problem．He said，"People all （2）_____to the place where a gold mine （矿） had （3） _____been discovered．But when they got there，they found they ‎ were （4） _____by a river in front of it．They have to cross the river if they wanted to get to the gold mine．What would you do if you were among them？‎ ‎"Make another way"，someone suggested．"Swim（5）_____ "．said another．The businessman smiled without saying a word．Finally he gave his idea．"Why not do something（6）_____ instead of rushing to the mine？How about buying a boat to offer the ferry （渡船） service？"The listener were all （7）_____．He then explained calmly．"The man who bought the boat could （8）_____a lot of money by taking the passengers to the other bank．They would like to pay for the ferry（9）_____there was gold on the other bank．‎ Do what the others haven't thought of or do something that others have never tried before-that is the key（10）_____success．‎ A difficult situation，in the eyes of a wise man，often means a chance of success．‎ ‎（1）A．Already B．But C．Too D．However ‎（2）A．entered B．rushed C．got D．flew ‎（3）A．just B．soon C．nearly D．almost ‎（4）A．covered B．turned C．passed D．stopped ‎（5）A．over B．through C．across D．along ‎（6）A．difficult B．different C．interesting D．exciting ‎（7）A．tired B．worried C．pleased D．surprised ‎（8）A．send B．look C．make D．have ‎（9）A．before B．so C．until D．because ‎（10）A．of B．to C．for D．in．‎ ‎【答案】DBADC BDCDB ‎【解析】‎ ‎1． D 考查副词．A表示已经；B表示但是，是连词；C表示也；D表示然而．由Won't it be better for me to ask you for help on a certain problem可知此处表示然而，他只是笑着说，选D．‎ ‎2． B 考查动词．A表示进入；B表示冲向；C表示得到；D表示飞．结合语境和下文的instead of rushing to the mine可知此处表示人们都冲向一个刚刚发现金矿的地方，选B．‎ ‎3． A 考查副词．A表示刚刚，仅仅；B表示很快；C表示几乎；D表示几乎．此处表示一个刚刚被发现的金矿，选A．‎ ‎4． D 考查动词．A表示覆盖；B表示转；C表示通过；D表示停止．由They have to cross the river if they wanted to get to the gold mine可知此处表示他们发现他们被面前的一条河阻断了去路，选D．‎ ‎5． C 考查介词．A表示在…上方；B表示穿过；C表示横过；D表示沿着．此处表示游过去，指游过河，要用across表示横过，选C．‎ ‎6． B 考查形容词．A表示难的；B表示不同的；C表示有趣的；D表示令人激动的．由instead of rushing to the mine可知此处表示为什么不做一些不同的事情呢，选B．‎ ‎7． D 考查形容词．A表示累的；B表示担心的；C表示愉快的；D表示吃惊的．由He then explained calmly．"The man who bought the boat could…可知此处表示听众们都吃惊的，选D．‎ ‎8． C 考查固定搭配．make money表示挣钱，此处表示买船的人可以挣许多钱，选C．‎ ‎9． D 考查连词．A表示之前；B表示所以；C表示直到；D表示因为．分析句子可知河对岸有黄金是他们愿意支付渡船费的原因，选D．‎ ‎10． B 考查固定搭配．the key to…表示…的秘诀，此处表示那就是成功的秘诀，选B．‎