19年中考英语真题 分类 专题17-2 任务型阅读（回答问题）（第02期）（解析版）

19年中考英语真题 分类 专题17-2 任务型阅读（回答问题）（第02期）（解析版）

‎2019年中考真题英语分项汇编 专题17 任务型阅读 考点2回答问题 Passage 1（2019 •山东省滨州市）‎ 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。‎ Need a reason to be happy? Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of Happiness.‎ The United Nations set up the International Day of happiness in 2012 to remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right.‎ It was celebrated for the first time in 2013. On that day, we celebrated hundreds of “ Happy Heroes” – those who did so much to bring happiness to others. They helped the homeless to live a comfortable life and the poor kids to go to school.‎ The 2014 Day of Happiness actions asked people to share pictures of making them happy. People all over the world showed their favourite pictures on the Internet. “It’s exciting to see so many people sharing photos of what makes them happy.” Joe, a senior high school students from Canada said. The 2015 Day of Happiness actions gave attention on relationships. Modern society is leaving more and more people feeling lonely. On that day, thousands of people all around the world reached out to make new connections with others. They visited their neighbours, gave calls to the doctors they didn’t know very well, drove the strangers to station for free…‎ The theme of the 2019 Day of Happiness is “Happier Together”. It encourages people worldwide to focus on what we have in common, rather than what divides us.‎ ‎66. When is the International Day of Happiness?‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎67. Why did the United Nations set up the International Day of Happiness?‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎68. How did Joe feel when he saw many people sharing photos?‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎69. According to the passage, more and more people are feeling happy in modern society, aren’t they?‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎70. What is the theme of 2019 Day of Happiness?‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了什么是国际幸福日，联合国要设立国际幸福日的目的，往年国际幸福日的基本情况以及今年的主题“快乐在一起”，鼓励全世界的人关注共同点，而不是分歧。‎ ‎66. On March 20th. ‎ ‎ 【解析】题意：国际幸福日是什么时候?考查细节理解。根据Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of happiness.可知3月20日是国际幸福日，故填On March 20th.。‎ ‎67. To remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right. ‎ ‎ 【解析】题意：为什么联合国要设立国际幸福日?考查细节理解。根据The united Nations set up the International Day of happiness in 2012 to remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right.可知联合国设立“国际幸福日”是为了提醒我们幸福是人类的基本目标和权利，故填To remind us that happiness is a basic human goal and right.。‎ ‎68. Excited. ‎ ‎ 【解析】题意：当乔看到许多人分享照片时，他是什么感觉?考查细节理解。根据“It’s exciting to see so many people sharing photos of what makes them happy.” Joe, a senior high school students from Canada said.可知他很兴奋，故填Excited.。‎ ‎69. No, they aren’t. ‎ ‎ 【解析】题意：根据这篇文章，越来越多的人在现代社会感到幸福，不是吗?考查细节理解。根据The 2015 Day of happiness actions gave attention on relationships. Modern society is leaving more and more people feeling lonely.可知是否定回答，故填No, they aren’t.。‎ ‎70. Happier Together.‎ ‎ 【解析】题意：2019年幸福日的主题是什么?考查细节理解。根据The theme of the 2019 Day of Happiness is “Happier Together”.可知填Happier Together.。‎ Passage 2（2019 •北京市）‎ Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected Ice covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）. Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters.‎ The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.‎ On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice.‎ ‎"We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around," he remembers.‎ He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces．‎ Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.‎ The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.‎ Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, the seas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy times ahead.‎ ‎34. When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?‎ ‎35. Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?‎ ‎36. What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?‎ ‎37. How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?‎ ‎38. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是科学家们在北冰洋发现了海浪，海浪非常大，迫使巨大的冰块上下跳跃，在很短的时间内将冰块破碎成更小的冰块，而随着冰块的减少，海浪就会变得更大，这使得依赖冰块生存的北极熊、海象等野生动物处在危险之中。‎ ‎34. In May.2010. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第二段开头The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010.可知，这些巨大的海浪是在2019年五月份，被科学家Aleksey Marchenko和他的学生们发现的。故答案为In May 2010.‎ ‎35. Because they wanted to study the icy waters. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第二段中Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.可知，Marchenko和他的学生想要研究冰冷的海水。故答案为Because they wanted to study the icy waters.‎ ‎36. He moved the ship deeper into the ice. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第五段He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe.可知，为了安全，Marchenko决定把船开到冰更深的地方。故回答He moved the ship deeper into the ice.‎ ‎37. More than 20 feet. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第六段The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height.可知，导航系统记录的最大的海浪有20多英尺高。故答案为More than 20 feet.‎ ‎38. The damage of the huge waters to people and wildlife in Arctic.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第七段That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.可知，这一段中主要介绍了巨大的海浪对航海人员、当地社区以及野生动物的危害。故答案为The damage of the huge waters to people and wildlife in Arctic.‎ ‎【点睛】这是一篇科普说明文，短文中讲述了在北冰洋海域发现巨大海浪的过程，以及巨大海浪对人类以及野生动物的危害。文章主题明确，结构清晰，但短文中句式结构复杂，内容离学生们的日常生活较远，在理解上有一定的难度。题型是任务型阅读，要求根据文意回答问题，考查学生们对文章事实细节的理解。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问锁定文章相关段落或语句作答。例如第1小题，题目问的是发现海浪的时间，注意在短文中搜索数字、月份等关键词信息，根据第二段The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010可知答案。第4小题同理，注意数字和关键词the largest waves。‎ Passage 3（2019 •安徽省）‎ 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。‎ Remember when you were a little child trying to learn to walk?‎ First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand. You fell down, and then got back up. You laughed sometimes and cried at other times. After much practice, you finally learned how to balance yourself. You got much pleasure from this new feeling of power—you'd stand everywhere you could. It was a happy time—you did it!‎ Now the next step—walking. You'd seen others do it. It didn't look that hard—just move your legs while you were standing. Wrong—more difficult than you ever imagined. But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to walk.‎ If people found you walking, they cheered, "Oh, look at what the kid is doing." This encouraged you! But look back on those days when you were the little child—how many times did you try when no one was watching, or when no one was cheering? You couldn't wait for someone to encourage you to take the next steps. You learned how to encourage yourself.‎ So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.‎ ‎58. What is the first step in learning to walk? (不超过15个词)‎ ‎__________________________________________________________‎ ‎59. When did you understand how to walk? (不超过15个词)‎ ‎__________________________________________________________‎ ‎60. What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something? (不超过15个词)‎ ‎__________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】还记得你怎样学会走路的吗？一开始你不知道如何掌握平衡，因此一次次的跌倒，然后爬起来。在经过了很多练习之后，你终于学会了。通过这个例子作者告诉我们：如果你想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。‎ ‎58. The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand./ To learn how to balance yourself and stand. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第二段第一句话First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand.可知，学习走路第一步是学会怎样保持平衡和站立。由此可知答案为The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand.或者简略回答为To learn how to balance yourself and stand.‎ ‎59. I/We understood how to walk after I/we tried again and again and again. ‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文第三段But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to ‎ walk.可知，在一次次的尝试之后，你理解了怎样走路。由此可知答案为I/We understood how to walk after I/we tried again and again and again.‎ ‎60. I/We should keep trying and encouraging myself/ ourselves as I/we learned to walk.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据短文最后一句话So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.可知，如果想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。由此可知答案为. I/We should keep trying and encouraging myself/ ourselves as I/we learned to walk.‎ ‎【点睛】这篇短文作者通过讲述我们小时候学习走路的例子，告诉我们一个道理，即：如果你想在某件事上取得成功，你就要不断地尝试和鼓励自己。短文中心明确，主旨突出，文章内容贴近实际生活，通过生活中的事例讲述一个道理，有助于学生们的理解。题型是任务型阅读，题目都是回答问题，考查学生们对文章事实细节的理解，答案常可以直接在原文找到。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句作答，注意使用正确的人称，以及题目中字数的要求。例如第1小题，根据题干中关键词the first step可以定位到短文第二段的开头，由First, you had to learn how to balance (平衡) yourself and stand.可知答案为The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand.或者简略回答为To learn how to balance yourself and stand.‎ Passage 4（2019 •湖南省长沙市）‎ I am Canadian. I started learning French when I was 10 years old. But my whole experience with the language was in the classroom. All of that changed, however, during my last summer of high school. As a 17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time! I headed for Quebec to live in the province with a French-speaking host family, who didn’t speak any English. And I would learn French at a local school. ‎ On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（测定）our language level. We were required to speak only French all summer.‎ I made every effort to communicate in a second language by making new friends, seeing movies and even ordering food from restaurants in French. Though I couldn’t understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing. ‎ On weekends, my classmates and I took trips to different places around the province. On one trip, we went whale watching on the St. Lawrence River. Even though it was raining, we could see huge whales swimming around our boat. The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City. I walked along the stone streets, took pictures of the European-style（欧式的）buildings, and learned some stories there.‎ Finally my efforts paid off! At the end of the summer, I was able to communicate pretty well. I couldn’t wait to go back to school and talk with my French teacher. Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking ‎ environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.‎ ‎1．When did the writer fly alone for the first time?‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．How did the local school determine the students’ language level?‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Did the writer enjoy the experience of communicating in French?‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What did the writer think of the visit to historic Quebec City?‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What could be the main reason for the writer’s improvement in French?‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】作者是加拿大人，10岁时开始学法语，但所有的语言学习都是在教室内完成的。17岁时独自一人飞往魁北克，和一个讲法语的家庭住在一起，并在当地学校学习法语。在那里她尽一切努力用法语交流，结交新朋友，看电影，甚至从法国餐馆点餐。作者的努力终于有了回报！在夏天结束的时候，她能够很好地用法语进行沟通。作者认为完全沉浸在讲法语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经验。也是作者法语进步的主要原因。‎ ‎1．At age 17.‎ ‎ 【解析】问题：作者第一次独自坐飞机是什么时候？根据短文中的句子“As a 17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time!”可知作者在17岁的时候，第一次坐上了飞机，故答案为At age 17。‎ ‎2．By giving them a test.‎ ‎ 【解析】问题：当地学校是如何测定学生语言水平的？根据短文第二段中的句子On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine（测定）our language level.可知，所有的学生是通过测试来测定语言水平的，故答案为By giving them a test。‎ ‎3．Yes, she did.‎ ‎ 【解析】问题：作者喜欢用法语交流的这段经历吗？根据第三段中的句子“Though I couldn’t understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing.” 虽然我一开始大部分并不太明白，但整个经历是令人兴奋和耳目一新。由此判断作者非常喜欢这段语言学习的经历，故答案为Yes, she did。‎ ‎4．It was the most memorable part of the trip.‎ ‎ 【解析】问题：作者对历史悠久的魁北克市的这次访问是怎么看的？根据倒数第二段中的句子“The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.”我们这次旅行最难忘的部分是参观历史悠久的魁北克市。因此作者认为这是旅行中最难忘的部分。故答案为It was the most memorable part of the trip。‎ ‎5．Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment.‎ ‎ 【解析】问题：作者提高法语水平的主要原因是什么？根据短文最后的句子“Being fully immersed（沉浸）in a French-speaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.”完全沉浸在讲法语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经验。这可能是我法语进步的主要原因。故答案为Being fully immersed in a French-speaking environment。‎ ‎【点睛】任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。本题适合用“扫读法”来快速捕捉信息。扫读法是指在快速浏览全文的基础上，找到与问题相关的某些特定信息，如：人名、时间、地点、事件等，来回答细节问题。第一个问题询问作者第一次独自坐飞机是什么时候。可运用“搜索式跳读”迅速从短文中锁定问题信息，答语尽量简短。‎ Passage 5（2019 •湖南省益阳市）‎ Aron Ralston is an American man. He is interested in mountain climbing. He is used to taking risks, and there were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, when he climbed in Utah, he found himself a very dangerous situation. He struggled (抗争) and fought for five days. At last, he saved his own life but lost his right arm. Even after this experience, he kept on climbing mountains. He also wrote a famous book with a single arm.‎ Aron's story tells us never to give up. Every person has a dream. It makes us do what we are doing, because it's what we believe in. And everyone has moments when life seems too hard, but never stop going like Aron. Our biggest enemies are hiding in us-laziness(懒惰) and doubt. We should be warriors (勇士) of our dreams and goals and we should keep on fighting for them.‎ ‎6．What is Aron interested in?‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．When did Aron climb in Utah?‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．How long did Aron struggle to save his life in Utah?‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Did Aron keep on climbing mountains after the serious accident?‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．What are the biggest enemies hiding in us?‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是说明文。短文介绍了美国登山爱好者Aron。他在2003年4月的一次登山活动中失去了右胳膊，保住生命，但是他继续登山，用一只胳膊写下自己的攀登经历。他的故事告诉我们：应该怀着激情和勇气实现梦想。‎ ‎6．He/ Aron is interested in mountain climbing. /Mountain climbing.‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第2句He is interested in mountain climbing.可知，他对登山感兴趣。‎ ‎7．On April 26, 2003./ On April 26,2003,when he climbed in Utah, he found himself in a very dangerous situation.‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段On April 26, 2003, when he climbed in Utah, he found himself a very dangerous situation.可知，他登山发现自己处于危险，是在2003年4月26日。‎ ‎8．For five days./ Five days./He struggled (and fought) for five days.‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段He struggled (抗争) and fought for five days.可知，他斗争了5天。‎ ‎9．Yes, he did.‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第2句Even after this experience, he kept on climbing mountains.可知，经历事故后，他继续登山，所以是肯定回答。‎ ‎10．Laziness and doubt./ They are laziness and doubt./ Our biggest enemies are hiding in us—laziness and doubt.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据第二段倒数第2句Our biggest enemies are hiding in us-laziness(懒惰) and doubt.可知，我们的最大敌人是懒惰和怀疑。‎ Passage 6（2019 •湖南省衡阳市）‎ On Sept. 19, 2014 Alibaba went public on the New York Stock Exchange（纽约证券交易所）, raising $25‎ ‎ billion through an IPO(公司股票的首次公开发行), the biggest in the US history. It shows that Ma Yun has done his business successfully. The short Chinese man seems to be the tallest in the world right now. Ma, who was an English teacher, has become one of the richest men on the Chinese mainland.‎ Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma grew up as a happy kid. At the age of 12, he wanted to learn English. Every morning, he woke up at 5 a.m. , cycling 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake where he could chat with foreign tourists.‎ On a trip to the US in 1995, Ma was shown the Internet for the first time. Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.‎ Four years later, 18 people including Ma, his wife and his friends founded Alibaba in Hangzhou. People called him "Crazy Jack Ma". But 15 years later, Alibaba has developed into the world's largest e-commerce（电子商务）company.‎ No one thinks he's mad now. Ma's favorite line has been printed on Alibaba's souvenir T-shirts. It reads, "Everybody should have a dream. What if that dream comes true?"‎ ‎11．How much did Alibaba raise through an IPO on Sept. 19, 2014?‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎12．Where was Ma Yun born?‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎13．What did Ma want to do when he was twelve years old?‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎14．Alibaba was founded in 1995 ,wasn't it?‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎15．What did Ma do after coming back to China from the US?‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了阿里巴巴的创始人马云的经历。‎ ‎11．25 billion dollars.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中On Sept. 19,2014 Alibaba went public on the New York Stock Exchange（纽约证券交易所）, raising $25 billion through an IPO(公司股票的首次公开发行), the biggest in the US history.可知，25万亿美元。故填25 billion dollars.‎ ‎12．In Hangzhou, Zhejiang.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma grew up as a happy kid.可知，马云出生在浙江杭州。故填In Hangzhou, Zhejiang.‎ ‎13．He wanted to learn English.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中At the age of 12, he wanted to learn English.可知，他想学英语。故填He wallted to learn English.‎ ‎14．No. it wasn’t.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中On a trip to the US in 1995,Ma was shown the Internet for the first time. Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers可知，第一次被出示互联网。.这个说法是错误的。故填No. it wasn’t.‎ ‎15．He set up a website called China Pages.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers可知，建立一个名为“中国网页”的网站。故填He set up a website called China Pages.‎ Passage 7（2019 •山东省枣庄市）‎ 大意总结读下面关于鲨鱼的文章，请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结，词数不少于60，不多于80词．注意：在文章后标清你写的字数。‎ Many have heard of shark fin soup．This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in southern China．But do you realize that you're killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup？‎ When people catch sharks，they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean．This is not only cruel， but also harmful to the environment．Without a fin， a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies．Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean's ecosystem．If their numbers drop too low， it will bring danger to all ocean life． Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain．But in fact， around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year．The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years．‎ Environmental protection groups around the world，such as WildAid and the WWF， are teaching the public about "finning"． They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins．So far，no scientific studies have shown that shark's fins are good for health，so why eat them？ Help save the sharks!‎ ‎26．Do southerners like to eat shark fin soup？ Why？ ‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎27．Is getting the shark fin very friendly?（but） How do people get the shark fin？ _‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎28．Why do sharks without fins slowly die after they are thrown back into the ocean？‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎29．If there are fewer and fewer sharks， what will happen to the environment？‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎30．Does the author say no to eating shark fin soup？ Does the author want people to protect the sharks？‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】很多人都听说过鱼翅汤。这个著名的且昂贵的菜在中国南方尤其受欢迎。但是你知道吗？每次当你喝一碗鱼翅汤时，你会杀死整个鲨鱼。当人们捕捉鲨鱼，他们切断了它们的鳍，把鲨鱼扔回海里。这不仅是残酷的，但也对环境有害。没有鱼翅，鲨鱼不再能游，慢慢地死去。鲨鱼是海洋中食物链的顶端的生态系统。如果它们的数量下降过低，它将所有的海洋生命带来危险。许多人认为，鲨鱼永远不可能濒临灭绝，因为它们是最强的食物链。但事实上，每年大约有7000万条鲨鱼被抓和交易。在过去的20到30年里，有些种类的鲨鱼的数量下降了超过90%。世界各地的环境保护组织，如：野生救援协会和世界自然基金会等。他们甚至要求政府制定法律来阻止出售鱼翅。到目前为止，还没有科学研究表明，鲨鱼鳍有益健康，那为什么还吃？帮助拯救鲨鱼!‎ ‎26．Yes， they do． Because they think it is good for health．‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in southern China. 根据So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark's fins are good for health, so why eat them？可知，人们喜欢鱼翅羹是因为他们认为这个对健康有好处。故答案为：Yes, they do. Because they think it is good for health.‎ ‎27．No． it isn't． It's cruel． People catch sharks and cut off their fins．‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题．根据This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment 可知得到鲨鱼翅的过程是很残忍的。根据When people catch sharks，they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. 可知，人们抓到鲨鱼后，把鱼翅切下来。故答案为：No, It isn't. It's cruel. People catch sharks and cut off their fins.‎ ‎28．Because they can't swim．‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 可知没有鱼翅的话，鲨鱼不会游了，所以会死掉。故答案为：Because they can't swim.‎ ‎29．It will bring danger to all ocean life．‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life.‎ ‎ 可知，如果鲨鱼越来越少的话，会对所有海洋生命造成危险。故答案为：It will bring danger to all ocean life．‎ ‎30．Yes． he does．‎ ‎ 【解析】细节理解题。根据so why eat them? Help save the sharks! 以及全文可知，作者认为吃鱼翅羹是不好的，建议大家不要吃，要保护鲨鱼。故答案为：Yes, he does.‎ Passage 8（2019 •湖南省郴州市）‎ ‎ Julie is ten years old. Her brother Rick is eleven. Last year their family went to Kenya（肯尼亚）for their summer holiday.‎ They had a wonderful time. Kenya is famous for its safari holiday.‎ On a safari holiday, you stay in a national park and watch the wild animals. Julie's family did this. They camped in the middle of a national park, far from any towns.‎ There were guides with them, and the guides knew a lot about wild animals. During the day, their guides took them in a big car and they saw all kinds of animals. They saw lions, elephants monkeys and many other wild animals. Sometimes the animals came very close to them. Once an elephant started to walk towards them, and Julie and Rick felt very scared. The guide said, "It's all right. Don't move, please." He didn't seem afraid at all! After some minutes, the elephant walked away.‎ At night, the family slept in a tent. They could hear the noises of the animals. They said it was noisy, and sometimes they couldn't sleep! Also, they said it was very, very hot. But they loved their holiday and are going again next year.‎ ‎41．When did Julie and Rick travel to Kenya?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎42．Did the family camp next to a town?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎43．How did the guides take them to watch wild animals?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎44．Why were Julie and Rick very scared?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎45．Where did the family sleep at night?‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了朱莉一家去肯尼亚度暑假，他们去了野生动物园，他们玩得非常开心。‎ ‎41．Last year.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中Julie is ten years old. Her brother Rick is eleven. Last year their family went to Kenya（肯尼亚）for their summer holiday.可知，是去年去的。故填Last year.‎ ‎42．No, they didn’t.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中They camped in the middle of a national park, far from any towns. 他们在一个国家公园的中央安营，远离任何城镇。这里是做否定回答。故填No, they didn’t.‎ ‎43．In a big car. / By car.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中During the day, their guides took them in a big car and they saw all kinds of animals.可知，他们的向导把他们带上了一辆大车，他们看到了各种各样的动物。In a big car. / By car表示乘车。故填In a big car. / By car.‎ ‎44．An elephant walked towards them.‎ ‎ 【解析】根据文中Once an elephant started to walk towards them, and Julie and Rick felt very scared.可知，有一次，一头大象向他们走来，朱莉和里克感到非常害怕。故填An elephant walked towards them.‎ ‎45．In a tent.‎ ‎【解析】根据文中At night, the family slept in a tent可知，在一个帐篷里睡觉。故填In a tent.‎ ‎【点睛】‎ ‎1.明确阅读任务 同学们在做题的时候，首先要先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，才能提高阅读效率。‎ ‎2.读全文，了解大意 明确任务后，要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要全篇考虑，这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。‎ 除此之外，还经常考查给文章拟标题。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往是首句或尾句，但如果没有主题句，就可以从短文中去提炼、概括。确定标题同学们必须遵循两个原则，第一个是标题要有概括性，就是说标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，体现文章的中心大意；第二个是标题要醒目，即标题要吸引读者的注意力。‎ ‎3. 再次阅读，逐题突破 第一遍泛读之后，同学们对后面的问题，已经有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳读的方式来寻找答案。还有一类情况大家要注意，就是要求同学们要解读深层含义的题。这一类题属于难度较大的题。在做这一类型题的时候，同学们要捕捉文章中有关的信息，把握文章的内在逻辑关系，立足原文，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，悟出作者想表达的深层含义。‎