初中英语讲义初二英语时态讲解过去进行时

初中英语讲义初二英语时态讲解过去进行时

‎ 过去进行时 ‎ 一、导入 ‎ 1‎ ‎ 你走在路上，一母狗扑向你从你的脚上咬了一块肉，迅速吞下去，你伸脚正要踢它的时候，狗含着泪说：你打吧，反正我肚里已经有了你的骨肉！‎ ‎ 2 ‎ ‎ 老鼠没女朋友特别郁闷，终于一只蝙蝠答应嫁给他，老鼠十分高兴。别人笑他没眼光，老鼠说：“你们懂什么，她好歹是个空姐。”‎ 二、（1）专题讲解 ‎ ‎ 过去进行时 ‎ 1、定义：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或表示过去某一时间段持续进行的动 作。常和表过去的时间状语连用。‎ ‎ 2、使用情况：‎ ‎（1）过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的动作或者事情。‎ ‎ E.g: He was playing basketball at 5：00 yesterday afternoon. ‎ ‎ 昨天下午5点的时候，他在打篮球。 yesterday ‎ （2）过去进行时还表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。 ‎ ‎ E.g:1. He was fishing from 3p.m. to 4p.m. last Sunday.‎ ‎ 上周日下午3点到4点他在钓鱼。‎ ‎ 2. It was snowing last night.昨天夜里下了一夜的雪。 last Sunday ‎ ‎ 如下图：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ past now future ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3、（谓语动词）结构：be（was / were）+doing ‎ 4、时间状语：‎ ‎ at that time/moment ; (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week ) ; at+点钟+yesterday (last ‎ ‎ night / Sunday ) ; all day yesterday ; from 9 to 11 last evening ; when sb. did sth等时间状语从 句 ; while sb was doing sth等时间状语从句。 ‎ ‎ E.g:（1）We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. ‎ ‎ 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。‎ ‎ （2）What was he doing all day last Sunday? ‎ ‎ 上周日他一整天都在做什么？‎ ‎ （3）It was raining when they left the station. ‎ ‎ 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。‎ ‎ （4）When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.‎ ‎ 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。‎ ‎ （5）My mother was cooking at this time last night. ‎ ‎ 昨晚这个时候我妈妈正在做饭 ‎ ‎ （6）He was writing a letter when his brother got into his room.‎ ‎ 当他哥哥进入房间的时候他正在写信。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5、过去进行时的句型变化：‎ ‎ 肯定句：主语+was/were + doing + 其他 ‎ ‎ 否定句：主语+was /were +not + doing + 其他 ‎ ‎ 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+ 其他？‎ ‎ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+was/were ‎ ‎ 否定回答：No，主语+was /were +not ‎ ‎ E.g:1、I was doing my homework at that time yesterday. ‎ ‎ 昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 ‎ ‎ I was not doing my homework at that time yesterday. ‎ ‎ Were you doing your homework at that time yesterday？ ‎ ‎ Yes，I was. / No，I wasn't.‎ ‎ 2、Tom and Jim were playing games when their mother came into the room. ‎ ‎ Tom and Jim weren't playing games when their mother came into the room. ‎ ‎ Were Tom and Jim playing games when their mother came into the room? ‎ ‎ Yes，they were. / No，they weren't.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 课堂练习：1.We were playing computer at 9 o'clock yesterday.‎ ‎ 否定句：_____________________________________________‎ ‎ 一般疑问句：___________________________________________‎ ‎ 否定回答：_____________________________________________‎ ‎2. When I arrived at his office , he _________ (speak)on the phone.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6、过去进行时的特殊疑问句 ‎ ‎ 特殊疑问句= 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ ‎ ‎ 过去进行时的特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它？‎ ‎ E.g:1、What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? ‎ ‎ 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ 2、What was he researching all day last Sunday? ‎ ‎ 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7、现在进行时与过去进行时的区别 ‎ ‎ 现在进行时 ‎ 过去进行时 定义 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。‎ 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或表示过去某一时间段持续进行的动作。‎ 结构 am/is/are + doing was/were + doing ‎ 时间词 Now , look , listen ,‎ at the moment .等 At that time/moment ，at that/this time yesterday，‎ at 8：00 yesterday，When....…，while…..... 等 ‎ ‎8、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别： ‎ ‎ （1）过去进行时与一般过去时，两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去 ‎ 某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作；而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成 ‎ 的动作｡ ‎ ‎ e.g: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信｡(可能没打完) ‎ ‎ I typed a letter last night. 我昨晚打了一封信｡(已经打完) ‎ ‎ （注：其实，现阶段我们只需根据句义或上下文判断说话人是否强调动作过去正在进行，‎ 若是则用过去进行时; 若只说过去做过某事则用一般过去时。） ‎ ‎9、动词变现在分词的规则： ‎ 情 况 加 法 例 词 一般情况 直接加-ing play--playing , walk--walking 以不读音的字母e结尾的动词 去e加-ing come-coming , have-having make-making , ride-riding ‎ write-writing ， take-taking ‎ 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 将末尾辅音字母双写,再加-ing ‎ put—putting ， drop--dropping, swim—swimming， stop—stopping cut—cutting ， begin—beginning 以ie结尾的动词 改ie为y，再加-ing。‎ lie—lying , die—dying, ‎ tie—tying. ‎ ‎ （注：只满足“辅+元+辅”结尾，但不满足重读闭音节的特例单词归纳：enjoying、drawing、listening、‎ ‎ playing、visiting、opening、buying 、saying ）‎ ‎（2）变式练习 ‎ 一、用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I _____ (have) supper at half past six yesterday evening. 2. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. 3. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time?   We _____ (watch) TV. 4. What _____ Jim _____ (write) when the teacher came in? ‎ ‎ 5. My brother came into the bedroom while I _____ (dance). 6. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon? No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom. 7. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school?  Yes, it ____. (No, it ____.) 8. _____ he _____ (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening? ‎ 四、巩固练习 一 用动词的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎ 1．It was warm,so I ___________(take) off my coat.‎ ‎ 2．Jane ___________(wait) for me when I arrived.‎ ‎ 3．Sue wasn’t hungry, so she _____________(eat) anything.‎ ‎ 4．My brother came into the bedroom while I _____________(dance).‎ ‎ 5．_______ he ____________(lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening ?‎ ‎ 6．What _________ Jim ______________(write) when the teacher came in ?‎ ‎ 7．Mike and I ____________(play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎ 8．My brother __________(fall) while he ___________(ride) his bicycle .‎ ‎ 9．I first met Lisa three years ago. She __________(work) at a radio shop at the time.‎ ‎ ‎ 五、拓展训练 一、 选择题。‎ ‎ 1. I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me. A. cooked, were ringing         B. was cooking, rang      C. was cooking, were ringing        D. cooked, rang ‎ 2 . He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. A. tries            B. tried           C. was trying          D. will try ‎ 3. While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room. A. was watching, was hearing        B. watched, was hearing C. watched, heard                        D. was watching, heard ‎ 4. They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night. A. were watching           B. watch         C. watched      D. are watching ‎ 5. What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon? A. did, read, was seeing                B. did, read, saw C. were, reading, saw                  D. were, reading, was seeing ‎ 6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England. ‎ ‎ A. are getting          B. get      C. were getting         D. got ‎ 7. Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army. A. is, thinking, was        B. was, thinking, is        ‎ ‎ C. did, think, is              D. was, thinking, was ‎ 8. A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.‎ A. saw, passed  B. was seeing, passed ‎ ‎ C. was seeing, passed  D. was seeing, was passing 二．用动词的适当形式填空 ‎ 1. Do you know what they _________ (do) this time yesterday?‎ ‎ 2. They _________ (have) supper when we _________ (go) into the room.‎ ‎ 3. It __________ (rain) from 7 to 9 last night. ‎ ‎ 4. When she __________ (arrive) I ___________ (telephone) Harry.‎ ‎ 5. What _________ you __________ (do) yesterday at 7 pm? ‎ ‎ 家庭作业 一、单项选择 ‎1. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding ‎ C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.   A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked ‎ C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.   A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked ‎ ‎ C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.   A. just stared B. was just staring ‎ ‎ C. has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time. ‎ ‎   A. has worked B. was working ‎ C. had been working D. had worked ‎ ‎6.---Hey, look where you are going!  ‎ ‎  ---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.   A. I ' m not noticing B. I wasn ' t noticing ‎ C. I haven ' t noticed D. I don ' t notice 7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.   A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel 8. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.   A. had B. had been having ‎ C. have been having D. was having ‎ 二．用动词的适当形式填空 1. When I went downstairs (楼下), they ___________ (eat) breakfast.‎ ‎ 2. When we arrived, she __________ (make) some fresh coffee.‎ ‎ 3. I broke a glass, while I ___________ (cook) the dinner. ‎