专题31语法填空（三）-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

专题31语法填空（三）-2017年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员

专题 31 语法填空（三）‎ 关键词：语法,词汇填空,句法,逻辑,语境 难度系数：✱✱✱✱ 推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱]]‎ ‎【基础回顾】‎ 考点归纳：‎ 探究三、语境理解填空 语境理解填空 -- 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）。空后无提示词，要求考生根据文意、上下连贯性和行文逻辑，填入适当的词，这类题主要以实义词为主。‎ ‎2015·全国卷Ⅰ] ‎ For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 66._______ _ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.‎ ‎【解析】66．by 乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。‎ 基础必读：‎ ‎（3）篇章意义层面 必读：了解文章/对话大意，运用上下文语境线索、前后呼应、词语搭配等逻辑关系来解题，填入既符合上下文情景，又符合句义、词义的正确单词。‎ ‎【例31】…, so he couldn’t have done it. ______, he couldn’t carry a plate of sandwiches as well as his tennis stuff, so I’m sure it wasn’t him.（2014样题）]‎ ‎]‎ ‎【例32】--Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I ______ them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my mind. Now, why did I put on my coat?（2014样题）‎ ‎【解析】must have put 考查对话上下文的理解和谓语的呼应，读懂上文“…and left them on the table”、“But someone must have taken them”、“Oh, it must have been Dad.”以及下文几处情态动词的表达得出答案。‎ ‎【例33】I attended a school prize-giving ______ not so long ago and the guest speaker was Andrew Becroft.‎ ‎【解析】ceremony 考查搭配关系。形容词和名词、动词和副词、动词和宾语存在搭配关系。‎ ‎【技能方法】]‎ 解题建议：]‎ 一、认真研读所给短文，掌握文章的大意。从整体把握文章的时态，从而应对动词的正确形式填空中的时态和语态。‎ 二、加强对词汇本身用法的复习，如主、被、动，固定短语搭配，冠词、连词等运用进行复习。特别注意词的不同变形及词性。‎ 三、熟练掌握句法知识，准确使用连接词。‎ 四、注意文章上下文的逻辑关系，准确填出无提示词的空白。‎ ‎【基础达标】‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Facebook CEO Zuckerberg just had a baby girl named Max, and 1 (honor) the occasion, he's giving away the majority of his wealth. In the letter written by Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, to their new baby girl, he announced the birth of his first child and the ____2 (create) of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, 3 will focus on personalized learning, curing disease, connecting people and 4 (build) strong communities. ‎ ‎“For your generation to live in 5 better world, there is so much more our generation can do,” Zuckerberg wrote. “Today your mother and I are committing to spend our lives doing our small part to help solve these challenges.” The couple 6 (donate) nearly all of their Facebook stock to the cause. “We will give 99% of our Facebook shares － ____7 (current) about $45 billion － to advance this 8 (value) mission,” he wrote. “We know this is a small contribution compared 9 all the resources and talents already working on these issues. 10 we want to do what we can, working alongside many others.” ]‎ ‎【答案】 ]‎ ‎1.to honor 2.creation 3.which 4.building 5.a 6.will donate 7.currently 8.valuable ‎9.to/with10.But ‎3. which考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是Chan Zuckerberg Fund在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which.‎ ‎4.building考查动词形式。此处用于介词on后，和前面的learning, curing, connecting并列，故填building.‎ ‎5.a考查冠词。句中world是可数名词，此处指为了你们这一代生活在一个更好的世界，故填a.]]‎ ‎6.will donate考查时态。此处指这对夫妇将捐献几乎所有的脸谱网股份给事业，指将来的动作，故填will donate.‎ ‎7.currently.考查副词。此处当前大约有$45 billion，修饰后面数字用副词，故填currently.‎ ‎8.valuable.考查形容词。此处修饰名词mission要用形容词，推进这个有价值的任务，故填valuable.‎ ‎9.to/with.考查介词。“和……相比”用compare…to/with，此处指这个贡献和已经花费在这件事上的资源和人才相比太小了，故填to/with.]‎ ‎10.But.考查连词。上句说这个贡献和已经花费在这件事上的资源和人才相比太小了；下句讲我们只想做我们想做的事。两句是转折关系，故填But.‎ ‎【能力提升】Z|xx|k.Com]]学|科|网]‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It is sad but true that people die in earthquakes   61   falling furniture and bricks. Earthquake   62     (safe) is very important and there is more to it    63    just keeping buildings from falling down. So if your home is in an earthquake area, you should prepare carefully before the earthquake    64     (come).‎ First, make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe. All pipes should be fixed to the walls and all walls should be   65   (especial) thick and strong. Make sure the building has no  66   (break) windows and is well repaired.‎ Second, look at the objects in your house. Objects    67    computers, televisions and lamps can be tied to tables or    68    (stick) to them so they won’t easily move around. The cupboards,   69    many small things are stored, should have strong doors. Always remember,   70     (good) safe than sorry.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. from   62. safety   63. than   64. comes   65. especially  66. broken   67. like]]‎ ‎68. stuck   69. where    70. better ‎62. safety   考查名词。本句中横线所填之词在句中做主语，所以使用名词safety。‎ ‎63. than   考查介词。介词than通常和比较级连用。句意：地震安全非常重要，有比让楼房不要倒塌的更重要的事情可做。‎ ‎64. comes   考查时态。本句中before引导时间状语从句，从句中要使用一般现在时代替将来时。]‎ ‎65. especially  考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词在句中做定语或者表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词especially修饰形容词thick and strong。‎ ‎66. broken  考查形容词。形容词broken破旧的，坏的；是过去分词转换而来的形容词，修饰名词。Broken windows意为：坏窗户。句意：确保房子没有坏窗户并被很好地维修。‎ ‎67. like 考查介词。介词“like像……一样”表示列举。句意：像电脑、电视和台灯这样的物品可以被系在桌子上或被黏在上面。]]‎ ‎【终极闯关】‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。]]‎ ‎ In this constantly changing world, how to put the knowledge 61 (gain) every day into 62 _ (real) has interested numerous people. As a proverb goes, “Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key 63 it.” Apparently, this saying tries to deliver the message 64 we ought not 65 (stop) practicing it if we 66 (true) want to master the knowledge we learn.‎ There are several reasons 67 (account) for this statement. To begin with, human beings are forgetful beings; therefore, only when we use knowledge, make 68 (mistake), and try to use it again will we be able to remember it by our heart. Moreover, knowledge has become growingly complicated and we can seldom grasp the essence of it if we do not practice it again and again. ]]‎ Practicing, to sum up, 69 (be) of the greatest importance for those who are determined to learn knowledge well. As a student, I hope that the young can focus more attention on practicing 70 they learn.]‎ ‎64. that后面从句是作message的同位语，应该用that不能用which. ]‎ ‎65. to stop固定搭配。Ought (not) to do sth. （不）应该做某事]]‎ ‎66. truly 考察副词修饰动词。Truly 修饰want。注意truly的拼写。‎ ‎67. accounting现在分词作后置定语，account和reason之间是主动关系故用ing形式。]‎ ‎68. mistakes 犯错误是make mistakes. ]‎ ‎69. is本句的主语是practicing，系动词应该是单数is。‎ ‎70. what这一空是what引到的的宾语，做practicing的宾语。‎