2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero单元学案（36页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero单元学案（36页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5Nelson Mandela-a modern hero单元学案 ‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．mean adj.　　　　　 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎2．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的 ‎3．easygoing adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 ‎4．selfless adj. 无私的；忘我的 ‎5．republic n. 共和国；共和政体 ‎6．principle n. 法则；原则；原理 ‎7．mankind n. 人类 ‎8．lawyer n. 律师 ‎9．legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的 ‎10．fee n. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金 ‎11．quote n. 引用语；语录 ‎12．release vt. 释放；发行 ‎13．terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．quality n．　　　　　　　　　 质量；品质；性质 ‎2．warmhearted adj. 热心肠的 ‎3．found vt. 建立；建设 ‎4．hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的 ‎5．youth n. 青年；青年时期 ‎6．stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 ‎7．vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举 ‎　n. 投票；选票；表决 ‎8．attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎9．willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的 ‎10．unfair adj. 不公正的；不公平的 ‎11．escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露 ‎12．beg vi. 请求；乞求 ‎13．relative n. 亲戚；亲属 ‎14．reward n.‎ vt.[纵联1] ‎15．sentence vt. 判决；宣判；判处 ‎16．president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 ‎17．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动 ‎2．devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 ‎3．peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦[纵联2]‎ ‎4．guidance n．指导；领导→guide vt.带领；引导 n．向导[纵联3]‎ ‎5．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地 ‎6．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地 ‎7．educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家[纵联4]‎ ‎8．cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的 纵联1.疯狂双“十一”，多种“奖；奖赏”让你领 ‎①reward vt.酬劳；奖赏 n．报酬；奖金 ②award vt.授予；奖给 n．奖品；奖金 ‎③prize n．奖金；奖品 ④bonus n．奖金；红利 纵联2.“n.＋ful→adj.”荟萃 ‎①peace→peaceful和平的 ②pain→painful痛苦的 ‎③harm→harmful有害的 ④power→powerful强大的 ‎⑤cheer→cheerful欢乐的 ⑥hope→hopeful有希望的 ‎⑦meaning→meaningful有意义的 纵联3.后缀ance高频名词全接触 ‎①guidance指导；领导 ②importance重要；重要性 ‎③ignorance无知；愚昧 ④significance意义；重要性 ‎⑤appearance出现 ⑥tolerance宽容；容忍 ‎⑦assistance帮助 ⑧performance履行；表演 纵联4.百年大计，“教育”为本 ‎①educate vt.教育；训练 ②train vt.训练；培养 ‎③instruct vt.指导；教授 ④drill v．训练；练习 ‎⑤bring up养育；教育 单元话题——伟大人物 子话题1　人物品质 ‎①dignity n. 庄重；尊贵；高尚 ‎②dutiful adj. 尽责的；忠诚的 ‎③aggressive adj. 有进取心的 ‎④hardworking adj. 努力工作的 ‎ ‎⑤modest adj. 谦虚的；谦逊的 ‎⑥ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的 ‎⑦thoughtful adj. 考虑周到的 ‎⑧outspoken adj. 直率的；坦诚的 子话题2　智力与能力 ‎①intelligence n. 智力；才智；智慧 ‎②wisdom n. 智慧 ‎③distinction n. 差别；区别；优秀；卓越 ‎④brilliant adj. 使人印象深刻的；技艺高的 ‎⑤forgetful adj. 健忘的；不留心的 ‎⑥gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的 ‎⑦talented adj. 有才能的 ‎⑧qualification n. 资格；学历 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquirybased science education❶to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without ‎ generous❷ support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.‎ ‎①写出education在本单元中的同根动词：educate ‎②写出generous在本单元的反义词：_mean_，此词除了作形容词还可作动词，mean to do意为打算做； mean doing意为意味着做 ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)The most __❶__ (hope) data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides❷ for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.‎ ‎①用hope的适当形式填空：hopeful ‎②写出guide在本单元中的同根名词：guidance，注意此名词的名词后缀为ance，很多学生容易写成ence 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)在我看来，网上投票是现代生活中不可分割的(inseparable)一部分，应该受到欢迎，因为它是参与公共生活的一种方式。(opinion, vote)‎ In_my_opinion,_online_voting_is_an_inseparable_part_of_modern_life_and_should_be_welcomed,_since_it_is_a_way_to_participate_in_public_life.‎ ‎2．(2014·江西高考书面表达)我们需要积极参加各种体育运动，注意心理健康，这和身体健康同样重要。(active, equal)‎ We_need_to_be_active_in_all_kinds_of_sports,_and_pay_attention_to_mental_health,_which_is_equal_to_physical_health.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．devote vt.献身；专心于 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)devote oneself to 　 献身于……；致力于……；专心于……‎ devote ...to ... 把……用于……；把……献给……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to 深爱；致力于；专心于 ‎(3)devotion n. 关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Once married, Jo devoted her whole life to looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.‎ ‎②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our_devotion (devote) to work and family. ‎ 句式升级 ‎ The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children, so she has little time to care for her own daughter.‎ ‎→③Devoting_herself_to_teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词作状语)‎ ‎→④Devoted_to_teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词作状语)‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤我将尽一切努力照顾好我的家庭，特别是我年迈的祖父，因为他把一生中的大部分时间都用来养育两代人。‎ I will make every effort to take good care of my family, especially ‎ my aged grandfather because he_has_devoted_most_of_his_life_to_bringing_up_two_generations.‎ ‎[联想]　devote ...to ...中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。类似短语有：‎ adapt ... to ...　　 使适应；使配合 adjust ... to ... 调节……以适应 addicted to ... 对……上瘾 apply ... to ... 把……应用于……‎ attach ... to ... 把……附在……上 ‎2．equal adj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.　　 等于/胜任(做)某事 equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、‎ ‎ 敌得过某人/物 without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比 ‎(2)equality n. 平等；相等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful. You should give it a try.‎ ‎②No one equals him in courage, about which every one knows.‎ 单句改错 ‎③Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equal respected.equal→equally ‎[写美]　一句多译 尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。‎ ‎④Young as he was, John was_equal_to the important task. (equal)‎ ‎⑤Although he was young, John was_fit_for the important task. (fit)‎ ‎⑥Young as he was, John was_qualified_for the important task. (qualified)‎ ‎[联想]　表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：‎ ‎①be up to　②be fit for　③be qualified for ‎3．escape v．逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘n.逃脱；逃跑 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)escape (doing) sth.　　　 逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 ‎(2)fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He escaped_being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.‎ ‎②To their relief, their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.‎ 熟词生义　写出加黑单词在语境中的含义 ‎③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘 ‎[用准]　(1)escape本身即为“离开”的意思，后面不需加away或off等。(2)escape意为“被……遗忘；没有被……注意到”时，用sth. escape sb.结构表示，而不是用sb. escape sth.结构。‎ ‎[写美]　 翻译句子 ‎④与逃脱的司机相比，我为自己所做的事感到自豪。‎ Compared_with_the_escaped_driver,_I_am_proud_of_what_I_did.‎ ‎4．reward n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)as a reward (for ...)　 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励 ‎(2)reward sb. with ... for sth. 为某事而用……酬谢某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The police are offering a D|S60,000 reward for information about the killer.‎ ‎②They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended.‎ ‎③It is a very rewarding (reward) exercise to work the problem out by yourself.‎ 一句多译 我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。‎ ‎④I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing_as_a_reward_for_your_generous_help.(as)‎ ‎⑤I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing_in_reward_for_your_generous_help.(in)‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。‎ You mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is exactly what I want.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.‎ ‎2．Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity.‎ ‎3．They managed to escape (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door.‎ ‎4．The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.‎ ‎5．We couldn’t decide whether we should buy the house, so we took a vote (投票) on it.‎ ‎6．We may have different opinions (看法) in organizing class activities.‎ ‎7．He was involved in a bank robbery and was sentenced (判处) to six years in prison.‎ ‎8．I’d like to thank my friend, who’s been very generous (慷慨的) with his time.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education (educate)．‎ ‎2．I’d appreciate it if you could tell me more about the activity(active)．‎ ‎3．Under our teacher’s careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance.‎ ‎4．Maggie thought it was unfair (fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.‎ ‎5．The man should be condemned for his cruelty to his wife.‎ ‎6．It does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence (violent) is shown on television.‎ ‎7．Devoted (devote) to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.‎ ‎8．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful (hope)．‎ ‎9．This position is equally (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ ‎10．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape being_fired (fire) by his boss.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎ ‎1．He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble, to which I was grateful.to→for ‎2．Hopeful, I’ll be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.Hopeful→Hopefully ‎3．Nowadays many school children devote too much time to play computer games.play→playing ‎4．Founding in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.Founding→Founded ‎5．To our delight, over 60% of the members voted the plan which was beneficial to air quality.voted后加for Ⅳ.一句多译/句型转换 ‎1．我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。‎ ‎①I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in_reward_for_his_help. (reward n．)‎ ‎②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n．)‎ ‎③I rewarded_him_with_a_book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v．)‎ ‎2．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.‎ ‎①Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around. (现在分词作状语)‎ ‎②Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around. (过去分词作状语)‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．out_of_work　　　　　 失业 ‎2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 ‎3．blow_up 使充气；爆炸 ‎4．in_trouble [串记1] 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎5．turn_to [串记2] 求助于；致力于 ‎6．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎7．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎8．set_up 设立；建立 ‎9．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)‎ ‎10．be_willing_to_do 愿意做……‎ ‎11．be_in_prison 坐牢 ‎12．in_one’s_opinion/view 在某人看来 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“in＋n.(抽象名词)”短语面面观 ‎①in trouble在困境中　　　　 ②in danger处于危险中 ‎③in return作为回报 ④in detail详细地 ‎⑤in order井然有序 ⑥in power当权 串记2.“动词＋to”短语荟萃 ‎①turn to求助于；致力于 ②object to反对 ‎③refer to谈到；涉及；参阅 ④point to指向 ‎⑤belong to属于 ⑥stick to坚持；忠于 ‎⑦see to处理；料理 ⑧come to共计；苏醒 ‎1．be proud_to_do　　　　　　　 因做……而自豪 ‎2．go to sb. for advice 去某人处寻求建议 ‎3．be generous with 在……方面慷慨大方 ‎4．be grateful for sth. 对某事非常感激 ‎5．become/be hopeful_about 对……充满希望 ‎6．as soon as I can 我尽可能早地 ‎7．put sb. in prison 将某人关进监狱 ‎8．feel good about oneself 自我感觉不错 ‎1．However, this_was_a_time_when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.‎ 可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有房屋借贷簿不可。‎ ‎2．The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎3．... only_then_did_we_decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ ‎4．They were not cleverer than me, but they did_pass their exams.他们并不比我更聪明，却通过了考试。‎ ‎5．I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·北京高考完形填空)Now Mr. Anderson has set_up (发起；设立) an online campaign to raise money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000.‎ ‎2．(2015·陕西高考完形填空)Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became mad with him for placing our family in_trouble (在困境中)．‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式 ‎(补全句子/词汇升级)‎ ‎1．(2017·北京高考书面表达)面对困难，我们没有丧失信心。最终，这个视频很受欢迎。‎ Faced with difficulties, we didn’t lose_heart. At last the video was ‎ well received.‎ ‎2．(2014·福建高考书面表达)Actually(＝As_a_matter_of_fact), we can’t succeed in everything we try.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)‎ ‎3．(2016·浙江高考书面表达)有了勇气和毅力，我确实进步很快。(强调谓语动词)‎ With bravery and perseverance, I did_make_rapid_progress. ‎ ‎4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)只有你来中国的时候你才能体验中国的饮食文化。(倒装句)‎ Only_when_you_come_to_China_can_you_experience Chinese food culture.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎[记牢]‎ ask for trouble　　　　　　 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦 take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.‎ ‎②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.‎ ‎③Thanks for the trouble you have taken to_help (help) us.‎ 单句改错 ‎④You can’t imagine the trouble I had persuaded him to change his ‎ mind.‎ persuaded→persuading ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。‎ As is known to us all, _if_we_are_in_trouble,_it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out.‎ ‎2．turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中turn to的含义 ‎①He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.求助于 ‎②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.转向 ‎③You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅 ‎④Please turn to Page 40.翻到 ‎[记牢]‎ turn down　　　　　 关小；拒绝 turn away 拒绝……入内；把……打发走 turn up 出现；露面；调大 turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产 turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 ‎[练通]　选用上述短语填空 ‎⑤Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.‎ ‎⑥Tom had to_turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend ‎ because he was too busy.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑦我经常向同学或老师求助，结果在学习上不断取得进步。‎ I often_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．主语(表事物)＋see/witness/find＋宾语 ‎[教材原句]　The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)The city saw (see) a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr King was shot to death in 1968.‎ ‎(2)The year 1949 witnessed (witness) the founding of the People’s Republic of China.‎ ‎(3)The_dusk_found a little girl crying in the street.‎ 黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ ‎(1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。‎ ‎(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Our school has witnessed great changes in the last few years.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the ‎ world.(要点句)‎ ‎2．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 ‎[教材原句]　...only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend those days together happily.‎ 只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些日子。‎ ‎(2)Only when we match our words with actions can_we_make_a_difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. ‎ 只有我们言行一致，才能对所做的事情有所贡献。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；‎ ‎(2)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)There’s no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will we achieve our dreams.(要点句) ‎ ‎(2)Only when both parents and children change their attitudes can this unfavorable situation be improved.(总结句)‎ ‎3．the first time引导时间状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　I felt bad_the_first_time I talked to a group.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The_first_time_I_went_there,_they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.‎ 我第一次去那里时，他们住在一个小房子里，有狗、鸭子和其他动物。‎ ‎(2)Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.‎ 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 与the first time有类似用法的词语还有：‎ ‎(1)each/every time　　　每次……时 next time 下次……时 the last time 上次……时 ‎(2)一……就……‎ 注意事项 the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)I still remember that the first time we met at school, you were reading in the classroom.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 turn to， lose heart， out of work， come to power， as a matter of fact，‎ ‎ set up， in trouble， in one’s opinion ‎1．Because he has been out_of_work_for months, the young man now depends on his parents for a living.‎ ‎2．I often turn_to my teachers for help when I have trouble with my study.‎ ‎3．It seemed as if nothing had been achieved, but he will never lose_heart.‎ ‎4．Most people think that things have changed for the better since the new government came_to_power.‎ ‎5．He_set_up his own business after he graduated from university.‎ ‎6．I knew we were in_trouble when the elevator stopped.‎ ‎7．In_my_opinion,_it is about time we had new computers.‎ ‎8．As_a_matter_of_fact,_the news that he told me yesterday is true.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换 ‎1．我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。 (the first time)‎ I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.‎ ‎2．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(This is a time when)‎ This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_no telephones or no TV sets. ‎ ‎3．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。 (see)‎ The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years.‎ ‎4．I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my jobseeking.‎ ‎①Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking did_I_realize ‎ knowledge is valuable.‎ ‎②It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable.(强调句型)‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 某英语报社正在举办主题为“My favourite teacher”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文参加此次活动，短文内容主要包括：‎ ‎1．老师的人格魅力；‎ ‎2．教学方法；‎ ‎3．你的观点。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 ‎1．审题：①文体：人物介绍　②人称：主要是第三人称 ‎③时态：主要是一般现在时 ‎2．拟点：通过研读题目，根据写作背景介绍和内容要求可以从以下三个方面来写作。‎ ‎①开头：概括介绍我的老师。(我最喜欢的老师是谁，我和同学对他的态度)‎ ‎②主体：具体说明王老师的人格魅力(外向热心，易于相处)和教学方法。‎ ‎③结尾：抒发情感。(表达对老师的尊重和爱戴)‎ 要点1－①：我最喜欢的老师是王老师。‎ My_favourite_teacher_is_Mr.Wang.‎ 要点1－②：我和我的同学都很喜欢他。‎ My_classmates_and_I_all_like_him_very_much.‎ 要点2－①：他性格外向也很热心。‎ He_is_outgoing_and_warmhearted.‎ 要点2－②：他是一个容易相处的人。‎ He_is_a_person_easy_to_get_along_with.‎ 要点2－③：他用幽默的方式教英语。‎ He_teaches_English_in_a_humorous_way.‎ 要点3：这就是我喜欢的老师，深受每个人的尊重和爱戴。‎ Such_is_my_favourite_teacher,_respected_and_loved_by_everyone.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行必要的拓展，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。例如：‎ ‎1．要点1－①中可添加“他一个月前开始教我们英语”并使用定语从句；‎ ‎2．要点1－②中添加让步状语从句“虽然他是一名新老师”；‎ ‎3．要点2－①添加“他性格外向”的具体体现；‎ ‎4．要点2－②中具体介绍容易相处的体现；‎ ‎5．要点2－③中添加教学方法带来的好处“我们学习时也感到轻松愉快”等；‎ ‎6．在要点2后可增加结论句：我相信在王老师的帮助下，我的英语会有很大的提高。‎ 拓展要点1－①：我最喜欢的老师是王老师，他一个月前开始教我们英语。 (定语从句)‎ My_favourite_teacher_is_Mr.Wang,_who_began_to_teach_us_English_a_month_ago.‎ 拓展要点1－②：虽然他是一名新老师，但我和我的同学都很喜欢他。(让步状语从句)‎ Though_he_is_a_new_teacher,_my_classmates_and_I_all_like_him_very_much.‎ 拓展要点2－①：他性格外向也很热心。每次我看到他，就会看到一位微笑的绅士。(时间状语从句)‎ He_is_outgoing_and_warmhearted.Every_time_I_see_him,_I_see_a_smiling_gentleman.‎ 拓展要点2－②：他是一个容易相处的人，他经常在课后和我们一起打篮球。 (并列句)‎ He_is_a_person_easy_to_get_along_with_and_he_often_plays_basketball_with_us_after_class.‎ 拓展要点2－③：王老师教英语的方式是如此幽默，以至于我们学习英语时也感到轻松愉快。(such ...that ...)‎ Mr.Wang_teaches_English_in_such_a_humorous_way_that_we_are_able_to_learn_English_while_enjoying_ourselves.‎ 增加结论句：我相信在王老师的帮助下，我的英语会有很大的提高。(复合句；介词短语)‎ I_believe_my_English_will_improve_greatly_with_Mr.Wang’s_help.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本写作可用besides顺接要点2－②，用“The most exciting thing is that”引出要点2－③，然后各要点之间根据逻辑关系衔接成文。‎ My favourite teacher My_favourite_teacher_is_Mr.Wang,_who_began_to_teach_us_English_a_month_ago.Though_he_is_a_new_teacher,_my_classmates_and_I_all_like_him_very_much.He_is_outgoing_and_warmhearted.Every_time_I_see_him,_I_see_a_smiling_gentleman.Besides,_he_is_a_person_easy_to_get_along_with_and_he_often_plays_basketball_with_us_after_‎ class.The_most_exciting_thing_is_that_Mr.Wang_teaches_English_in_such_a_humorous_way_that_we_are_able_to_learn_English_while_enjoying_ourselves.I_believe_my_English_will_improve_greatly_with_Mr.Wang’s_help.‎ Such_is_my_favourite_teacher,_respected_and_loved_by_everyone.‎ 理清文体结构之(五)　记叙文之时间顺序——情节线是关键 以时间为顺序的记叙文是高考试题中较为简单的一种文体。在该类文体中往往含有两条重要线索：一个是时间的先后关联；另一个是在时间变化中的情节变化。高考试题往往以这些情节变化作为命题点。因此，在解答此类文体时要注意时间线是理解文章的助手，而情节线是解题的关键。‎ ‎[时间线⇨读文助手]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2017·浙江卷·A篇 ‎[情节线⇒解题关键]‎ 开端：时间1‎ ‎　　　 ‎ 承接：时间2‎ ‎　　　 ‎ 发展：时间3‎ ‎　　　 ‎ ‎[1]Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.‎ ‎[2]The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin ‎ 情节1：初见端倪 本杰明在6岁时就展现出艺术天赋用猫毛自制画笔作画。‎ 情节2：新荷初见 发展：时间4‎ ‎　　　 ‎ 高潮：‎ 地点转换 ‎　　　 ‎ ‎　 　结局 needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.‎ ‎[3]The_cat’s_lot_was_about_to_improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.‎ ‎[4]In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.‎ ‎[5]In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, ‎ 本段承接上文，讲述了本杰明用猫毛制作画笔的事被父亲发现。‎ 情节3——艺术启蒙 本杰明的天赋引起了堂兄Mr.Pennington的注意，并得到帮助。(可解第22题)‎ 情节4——技艺提高 本杰明9岁时被堂兄Mr.Pennington带到了费城。‎ 情节5——技惊名人 在费城，本杰明开始叩响艺术殿堂的大门，并立志成为艺术家。‎ ‎“Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.‎ ‎(可解第23、24题)‎ ‎[定区间·细比对]‎ ‎22．What does the underlined sentence suggest?‎ A．The cat would be closely watched.‎ B．The cat would get some medical care.‎ C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.‎ D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.‎ ‎23．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin ？‎ A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.‎ B．He provided him with painting materials.‎ C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.‎ D．He taught him how to make engravings.‎ ‎24．Williams’ helped Benjamin to ________.‎ A．master the use of paints B．appreciate landscape paintings C．get to know other painters D．make up his mind to be a painter ‎[答案]　22.D　23.B　24.D ‎22．由题眼第3段，由“情节1＋情节‎3”‎得出答案。‎ ‎23．由题眼第5段，由“情节‎5”‎并结合此段首句得出答案。‎ ‎24．由题眼第5段，由“情节‎5”‎并结合结局可推知答案。‎ ‎[课下语篇提能练]　　　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In celebration of Women’s History Month, here are a few of the millions of women that have broken all conventional rules to make a difference in the world.‎ Susan B. Anthony Born on February 15,1820，Susan B．Anthony was a women’s rights activist in the US.She spent many years campaigning for women’s right to vote. Anthony was also against slavery, helping support the passage of the Civil War Amendments. She also lent her voice to the battle for equal pay and educational opportunities for all.‎ Anne Frank ‎ Anne Frank grew up in a happy family.However, things changed when Hitler came to power.Anne and her family were forced to hide inside a tiny house, where the young girl recorded her family’s fears and struggles.Even after all these years，her journal, Anne Frank：The Diary of a Young Girl, continues to be popular with people across all ages and cultures.‎ Aung San Suu Kyi Determined to bring democracy (民主) to Myanmar, Aung San Suu Kyi founded the National League for Democracy (NLD). Suu Kyi’s open displeasure with the government resulted in her spending much of the time between 1989 and ‎2010 in prison or under house arrest. In 1991, Suu ‎ Kyi received the Nobel Peace Prize. In 2015, five years after she had been freed, Suu Kyi’s NLD Party won a great victory in the general elections.‎ Malala Yousafzai Malala Yousafzai was born to a Pakistani educator and poet. When the Taliban declared that girls should not be educated, the world’s youngest Nobel Prize winner decided to challenge these unfair policies (政策). On October 9, 2012, she was shot and badly injured. Since recovering, Malala continues her fight for girls’ education. Her bravery is encouraging young people all over the world to stand up for what they believe is right.‎ ‎1．Who made a great contribution to women’s right to vote?‎ A．Anne Frank.　　　　　 　B．Malala Yousafzai.‎ C．Susan B. Anthony. D．Aung San Suu Kyi.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Susan B. Anthony部分的介绍“She spent many years campaigning for women’s right to vote.”可知答案。‎ ‎2．Why was Aung San Suu Kyi put into prison?‎ A．She refused to leave Myanmar.‎ B．She demanded that the democrats be freed.‎ C．She voiced dissatisfaction with the government.‎ D．She blamed the government for its economic policy.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Aung San Suu Kyi部分的介绍“Suu Kyi’s open displeasure with the government resulted in her spending much of the time between 1989 and ‎2010 in prison” 可知，昂山素季因为表达对政府的不满而被投入监狱。‎ ‎3．Which of the following can be used to describe the women ‎ mentioned in the text?‎ A．Brave and inspiring. B．Reliable and devoted.‎ C．Honest and responsible. D．Considerate and optimistic.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“here are a few of the millions of women that have broken all conventional rules to make a difference in the world”和文章中对四位女性的介绍可以推知，她们的英勇事迹激励了很多人。‎ B Henrietta Swan Leavitt was born on July 4, 1869, in Massachusetts.Little is known about her private life.As a college student, she studied a number of subjects and fell in love with astronomy.‎ Leavitt never married and was considered a serious woman with little time to waste on unimportant aspects of life.Her coworkers described her as pleasant and friendly, and much focused on the importance of the work she was doing.She began to lose her hearing as a young woman due to a condition that only worsened with time.‎ In 1893, she began working at Harvard College Observatory under the direction of astronomer E．C.Pickering.He directed a group of women, who were called “computers”．These “computers” conducted important astronomy research by studying photographic plates (照相底片) of the sky and cataloging (编目录) characteristics of stars.The women were not allowed to operate telescopes, which limited their ability to conduct their own research.They lived at a time when women’s contributions were undervalued or ignored.‎ Henrietta Leavitt continued her research until just before her death, always thinking of herself as an astronomer, despite her start as a nameless “computer” in Pickering’s department.While Leavitt was not officially recognized during her life for her work, Harlow Shapley, the ‎ astronomer who was the Harvard College Observatory director, did recognize her worth and made her head of Stellar Photometry in 1921.‎ At that time Leavitt was suffering from cancer, and she died at the same year. This prevented her from being recognized as a Nobel Prize owner for her contributions.After her death, her name was placed on a lunar crater (月球陨石坑), and asteroid (小行星) 5383 Leavitt carries her name.At least one book has been published about her and her name is usually mentioned as part of the history of astronomical contributions.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在大学的时候，Leavitt就对天文学产生了浓厚的兴趣。虽然那个年代存在对女性的歧视，但这并没有影响Leavitt取得非凡的成就。‎ ‎4．What can we learn about Leavitt?‎ A．She was hard to get along with.‎ B．She suffered from cancer in childhood.‎ C．She never regarded herself as an astronomer.‎ D．She became interested in astronomy at college.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“As a college student, she studied a number of subjects and fell in love with astronomy.”可知，Leavitt在大学期间就对天文学产生了兴趣。‎ ‎5．Why were the women regarded as “computers”？‎ A．They devoted themselves to science.‎ B．They were looked down upon by others.‎ C．They used to serve as working computers.‎ D．They knew nothing but photographic plates.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“They lived at a time when women’s contributions were undervalued or ignored.”‎ 可以推断出，她们被人们叫做“computers”是因为在那个年代，女性的成就是被人低估或忽视的。‎ ‎6．What happened after Leavitt’s death?‎ A．She was honored in a special way.‎ B．A Nobel Prize was awarded to her.‎ C．One of her books was published.‎ D．Her achievements were ignored.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“After her death, her name was placed on a lunar crater (月球陨石坑), and asteroid (小行星) 5383 Leavitt carries her name.”可知，Leavitt去世后人们用特别的方式纪念她。‎ ‎7．Which of the following can best describe Leavitt?‎ A．Devoted. B．Generous.‎ C．Reliable. D．Energetic.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Leavitt热爱天文学，对工作认真，尽管生前没有得到应有荣誉但对工作兢兢业业，很有奉献精神。‎ C Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)．‎ On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry ‎ Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwin’s Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”．‎ For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwin’s work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Man’s place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes (猿)．He clearly showed similarities.‎ Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。‎ ‎8．Why did Huxley go on the voyage?‎ A．To explore the deep sea.‎ B．To do research on sea animals.‎ C．To work as a doctor on the ship.‎ D．To gather information for his paper.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H．M.S.Rattlesnake.”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。‎ ‎9．How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?‎ A．He had doubt about it.‎ B．He thought highly of it.‎ C．He couldn’t understand it.‎ D．He thought he developed it first.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided ’the working hypothesis (假说) we sought’．”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。‎ ‎10．What do we know about Huxley’s book Man’s Place in Nature?‎ A．It discusses the importance of human beings.‎ B．It focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection.‎ C．It talks about the differences between man and apes.‎ D．It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作《人类在自然界的位置》中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明他们在进化过程中的联系。‎ ‎11．What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?‎ A．He continued his research till his death.‎ B．He contributed a lot to biology teaching.‎ C．He never got awards for his achievements.‎ D．He became a good novelist late in his life.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting ’type animals’ is still followed today.”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 In today’s fastpaced world, busy lifestyle easily puts stress on relationships.Disappointment is a fact of life.Sometimes other people will unavoidably disappoint you or let you down.__1__ But you don’t have to let it prevent you living a happy and successful life.The tips below can help you recover from the hurt or anger.‎ Allow your feelings.__2__ Don’t try to hide them, because it’s natural to feel disappointed when the people you trust don’t come through for you.Putting the feelings into words can help.‎ Figure out why you feel so let down or betrayed.__3__ Do you need understanding, support, commitment or consideration? Let yourself feel the disappointment of the unmet need and then accept it or come up with ways you can meet the unmet need for yourself.‎ ‎__4__ Think about whether it would be useful to speak up about your feelings of disappointment or betrayal.If you decide to speak up, think about how you could do so mindfully rather than with angry reactions that can make things worse.‎ Set boundaries if you need to.If you’ve spoken up clearly and the person still doesn’t take responsibility or change their behavior, how can you best take care of yourself? __5__ Boundaries can help you feel emotionally safe, and they help restore your selfrespect.‎ A．Decide if you need to speak up.‎ B．You can’t stop people from letting you down.‎ C．Learn to be your own supporter and best friend.‎ D．Decide if this is someone you still want in your life.‎ E．Feeling refused or betrayed can cause sadness, anxiety or anger.‎ F．If you need practical help, consider turning to your parents or friends.‎ G．Think about what needs of yours aren’t being met by this person’s response.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当别人让你失望的时候，你该怎么办？本文作者提出了几点建议。‎ ‎1．选B　上文指出，在生活中，有时候别人会让你感到失望，这是无法避免的。由空后的But可知，本空与后面一句为意义上的转折关系。尽管你不能阻止别人让你失望，但你可以不让这样的失望阻碍你过快乐、成功的生活。‎ ‎2．选E　空后一句中的them即指该选项中提到的sadness, anxiety or anger等情感，故选E项。‎ ‎3．选G　本段首句提出建议：找出让你感到失望的原因。本空内容承接上句内容：想一想你的哪些需要没有被对方满足。你需要理解、支持、承诺，还是关心？本段最后一句中的the unmet need也是提示。‎ ‎4．选A　本空为本段的中心句：判断你是否应该大声说出来。本空后的两句都围绕speak up 这一方法展开说明，因此，speak up为关键词。‎ ‎5．选D　上句指出，即使你清楚地告诉他们你的失望，有的人还是不会负责任，依旧不改变。那你生活中还需要这样的人吗？你最好与他们划清界线，由此逻辑可判断选D项。‎