【英语】河北省邯郸市大名中学2019-2020学年高二（清北班）下学期第五次半月考（解析版）

【英语】河北省邯郸市大名中学2019-2020学年高二（清北班）下学期第五次半月考（解析版）

河北省邯郸市大名中学2019-2020学年高二（清北班）‎ 下学期第五次半月考 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What happened to the man?‎ A. He was locked out. B. He missed the train. C. He lost his keys.‎ ‎2. Where are the speakers?‎ A. At a gym. B. At a restaurant. C. At a cinema.‎ ‎3. What does the woman dislike about her trip?‎ A. The weather. B. The traffic. C. The scenery.‎ ‎4. When will the conference begin?‎ A. At 7:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00.‎ ‎5. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. A job position. B. A fellow worker. C. A new office.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎6. What seems to be the man’s problem?‎ A. He doesn’t sleep well. B. He has no more pills. C. He can’t focus properly.‎ ‎7. What is the man advised to do?‎ A. Stay home from work. B. Have a check-up. C. Stop feeling anxious.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. How did the man get to work today?‎ A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot.‎ ‎9. What is the man’s major concern about driving a car?‎ A. Expenses. B. Health. C. Environment.‎ ‎10. What does the woman think of using a car?‎ A. It’s costly. B. It’s dangerous. C. It’s convenient.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Who reached the top of Mount Qomolangma?‎ A. Ellen. B. Jonathan. C. Heather.‎ ‎12. How long did the man spend on his adventure travel?‎ A. 96 days. B. Four months. C. One year.‎ ‎13. What does the woman think about doing in the future?‎ A. Walking through a national park.‎ B. Cycling along a country road.‎ C. Camping out in the mountains.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。‎ ‎14. What is Julian doing?‎ A. Planning her budget. B. Conducting an interview. C. Giving advice on studies.‎ ‎15. Which costs Matt most each month?‎ A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Books.‎ ‎16. How much does Matt spend on sports a month?‎ A. About $15. B. About $30. C. About $50.‎ ‎17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Strangers. B. Schoolmates. C. Co-workers.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18. Which colour is unsuitable for office walls?‎ A. Green. B. Red. C. Yellow.‎ ‎19. What effect does natural light have on office workers?‎ A. It is good for their eyes. B. It helps them concentrate. C. It makes them feel cheerful.‎ ‎20. Who are most likely to be interested in the talk?‎ A. Managers. B. Painters. C. Teachers.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Climbing Without Ropes The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It's more accessible and better for the environment.‎ What is bouldering?‎ Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes.‎ Why boulder?‎ ‎● improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics ‎● places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find ‎● less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing ‎● intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems Bouldering Terms crimp: a very small handhold foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in climbing boulder jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use problem: The path up a boulder is referred to as the "problem" that one must solve. The "solution" is the sequence of moves one makes up and over a boulder.‎ Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem.‎ Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even more difficult than going up.‎ Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. Using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to lift herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.‎ ‎21. According to the passage, bouldering __________.‎ A. is an indoor sport B. needs maps and equipment C. has no safety protection D. is a steep cliff climbing ‎22 Bouldering becomes popular because __________.‎ A. it challenges the limits B. it costs less C. it builds minds and bodies D. it is a team game ‎23. According to the example, the right route is _________.‎ A. tough but to the top B. a dead end C. a shortcut D. lined with jugs ‎24. The passage is likely to appear in _________.‎ A. a book review B. a science report C. a newspaper advertisement D. a sports magazine B The 14-year-old, Amit Dodani, a talented speaker and persuasive debater at school, suffered as a child from a speech disorder.‎ He began working with a speech therapist (理疗师) when he was 6 years old, but it was his decision to try out for debate team at the end of seventh grade that helped him most.‎ ‎“That experience changed my life,” he wrote after his team went on to nationals. “It gave me hope, and helped me see my own true potential.”‎ Since he launched MynameMystory last year, the site has attracted national and even international attention. Amit’s mom said her son’s website is meant to send a message that no one is alone in their experience, showing how people overcame their challenges and how others can, too.‎ ‎“The big thing that clicked in Amit was the belief that people are really needed (to help each other) in this country,” she said. “I wasn’t surprised he wanted to do this, because at such a young age he had this spirit in him.”‎ In addition to the website, Amit also wanted to expand the idea of sharing stories. So he asked his friends and classmates to donate books to distribute to local hospitals. He hoped to collect perhaps 1,000, but in just two weeks, he received more than 2,300 donations.‎ ‎“There was an absolute connection between the website and books,” Amit said. “But books are something that can really make a difference to someone who is in the hospital and can’t go to school.”‎ Amit said he’s hoping to organize a large live event for MynameMystory at the end of this year at Chaminade High School in West Hills. Those who shared their stories on the website will be invited to speak and encourage others to share their stories of overcoming challenges.‎ ‎“We’re hoping for big things,” Amit said. “We have a lot of events planned out for the future. The goal is basically to inspire people in a different way.”‎ ‎25. What helped change Amit’s speaking ability most effectively?‎ A. His speech therapist. B. His mother’s care C. His debating experience. D. His teacher’s efforts.‎ ‎26. What’s the purpose of Amit’s setting up the website MynameMystory?‎ A. To attract national and international attention.‎ B. To show others how he overcame his challenges.‎ C. To encourage people to take part in debating.‎ D. To deliver his idea that people can help each other.‎ ‎27. Why did Amit decide to donate books to sick children?‎ A. They are not allowed to visit the website.‎ B. Website and books have no connection.‎ C. They shouldn’t be left out in studies.‎ D. Books have a special influence on them.‎ ‎28. What’s the main idea of the text?‎ A. Amit never stops working for his dream.‎ B. A young boy is helping others in his own way.‎ C. Don’t neglect the small things in life.‎ D. MynameMy story helps build up self-confidence.‎ C Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics. Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends, we’re exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.‎ Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists. In 1989, he met Mr. N who had suffered a serious brain injury. Mr. N couldn’t recognize the number 5, or add 2 and 2. But he still knew that there are “about 50 minutes” in an hour. Dehaene drew an ‎ important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains. One area is responsible for the math we learn in school, and the other judges approximate amounts.‎ So what does the brain’s estimation center do for us? Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers. When he asks 5-year-olds to solve a problem like 21+30, they can’t do it. But he has also asked them questions such as, “Sarah has 21 candles and gets 30 more. John has 34 candles. Who has more candles?” It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that. Before they’ve learned how to do math with numerals and symbols, their brains’ approximation centers are already hard at work.‎ After we learn symbolic math, do we still have any use for our inborn math sense? Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study. He challenged a group of 14-year-olds with an approximation test: The kids stared at a computer screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by, too quickly to count. Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots. The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were 25 yellow dots and 10 blue ones. When the groups were closer in size, 11 yellow dots and 10 blue ones, fewer kids answered correctly.‎ The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids’ approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests. He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores, and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that, far from being irrelevant, your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.‎ ‎29. From the first two studies, we can learn that estimation center ________.‎ A. is divided into two separate mathematical areas B. can help figure out numerals and symbols problems C. functions independently in both kids’ and adults’ brains D. works better when symbolic parts are injured or undergrown ‎30. What most surprised Justin in the study of 14-year-olds?‎ A. The variety of math abilities in different students.‎ B. The link between technology skills and estimation skills.‎ C. The difficulty of the task as the number of dots increased.‎ D. The connection between estimation skills and formal math ability.‎ ‎31. What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Born with a Sense of Math B. Go beyond What You Can Learn C. Symbolic Math and Estimation Math D. Our Brain—a Born Mathematician D The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.‎ While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient and affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.‎ Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services.‎ A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon ‎ emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure (基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.‎ Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.‎ ‎32. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.‎ A. provide better services to customers B. help deal with transportation-related problems C. cause damage to our environment D. make some people lose jobs ‎33. As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern？‎ A. Management. B. Side effects. C. Affordability. D. Safety.‎ ‎34. What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？‎ A. Replaced. B. Employed. C. Shared. D. Reduced.‎ ‎35. What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars？‎ A. Doubtful. B. Sympathetic. C. Disapproving. D. Positive.‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Why Do We Get Angry?‎ Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. ___36___‎ Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. _____37_____ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.‎ Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. ____38____ Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.‎ ‎___39___Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.‎ ‎___40___However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.‎ A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.‎ B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.‎ C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.‎ D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.‎ E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.‎ F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.‎ G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Several years ago, I quit my job to chase my dream of writing a book, but that book was ___41___ repeatedly. Everybody was asking, “How’s the book coming?” I was so __42___.‎ My friend got together one day and I blurted out(脱口而出), “I don’t know my purpose in life.” The outburst was met with __43___ and stares. Finally, Pam said, “I don’t know, either.” She was in a job she __44___. Teresa said, “Me either.” I was sure that Bette would have a(n) ___45___. She was suffering from cancer and, surely she had figured things out since she was facing a likely terminal outcome. __46___, she shook her head.‎ Two years passed and, during that time, I sold my __47___, Teresa went back to school, Pam switched ___48___, and Bette kept on living as best as she could.‎ Actually, for those two years, Bette lived a ___49___ life than any of us. She built a butterfly garden in her neighborhood. She spent time with her family, went hiking, __50___ and lived.‎ My book was finally ___51___and Bette made it to my first big signing. A day or two later, she was back in the __52___ as she was seriously ill. I left on tour for several weeks, and when I__53___, she was close to __54___.‎ The day came when her brother called to let me know Bette had ___55___. He asked me to write her obituary(讣告). I thought about how she’d filled every moment with as much joy as she could find. That obituary wasn’t a list of __56___. It was the story of a woman who lived __57___ what life threw at her, she lived.‎ That was when I ___58___ what I’d learned through her passing. She defined her purpose in life by simply living her life. That’s all any of us are here to do. In the end, the only thing that __59___ is that we breathe in our time here and fill it with ___60___‎ ‎41. A. read B. printed C. rejected D. written ‎42. A. excited B. confident C. envious D. embarrassed ‎43. A. darkness B. smoke C. danger D. silence ‎44. A. hated B. lost C. found D. created ‎45. A. present B. answer C. dream D. excuse ‎46. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. otherwise ‎47. A. house B. car C. paper D. book ‎48. A. jobs B. methods C. topics D. channels.‎ ‎49. A. fuller B. poorer C. sadder D. simpler ‎50. A. complained B. shouted C. laughed D. learned ‎51. A. revised B. published C. reviewed D. translated ‎52. A. hospital B. school C. garden D. company ‎53. A. hollowed B. returned C. escaped D. recovered ‎54. A. success B. death C. trouble D. wealth ‎55. A. given up B. shown off C. turned down D. passed away ‎56. A. requirements B. suggestions C. achievements D. agreements ‎57. A. Other than B. Rather than C. Regardless of D. In case of ‎58. A. guessed B. decided C. expected D. realized ‎59. A. works B. matters C. exists D. changes ‎60. A. life B. trust C. luck D. nature 语法填空（15分）‎ When people ___61___(face) with health or nutrition questions, it is __62___(increasing) common to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulations to get rid of the wrong advice, some of ___63___ is extremely dangerous! Also, search engine’s rank results from popularity rather than accuracy, ___64___ solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth __65___(check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert. Anyone can call __66___(they) a “diet expert” “nutritionist” and even a “doctor”—given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially __67___ (recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical ___68___(suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering ___69___ the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make ___70___ appointment with your dietitian or doctor. The truth is out there, and you just need to look in the right place.‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分35 分)‎ 一．（15分）假设你叫李华，你从某报上得知某商店招聘临时工作人员。请你根据下列提示写一份求职信。‎ ‎1. 简要介绍个人情况:姓名、年龄等；‎ ‎2. 无工作经验但对此工作感兴趣；‎ ‎3. 普通话和英语流利，性格外向，易与人相处；‎ ‎4. 希望得到回复。‎ 注意:1. 短文需包括以上所有内容，可适当发挥。‎ ‎2. 词数:80左右。‎ Dear sir,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua 二．（20分）【概要写作】(2019浙江东阳中学高二10月卷)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ The main benefit you get from studying abroad is independence. I feel great to know that you can manage on your own when necessary. This ability gives you more freedom as well as tolerance. After moving abroad you have to start a totally new life. Setting in a new environment is a big challenge for you, but you have to keep in mind that it is only a small part of studying abroad, and experiences like these can help you build your character and understand the world better.‎ When I went abroad I knew that I had to find a job and learn to handle my finances myself. I did not have a choice. I had to manage on my own. I found a job as a mail carrier for the local newspaper. Not all my co-students were as lucky as me in finding a job right away. You have to keep in mind that besides working you have to attend lectures and do your homework. Carrying mail was not always an easy job, but thanks to it I got to know many nice people and saw the town and local people from a different view.‎ Besides looking for a job, I also had to find a place to live in and take care of everyday chores from cooking to doing the laundry. When you have only begun with your independent life, this can be quite a challenge. You don’t have experience, nor does anyone give a helping hand —— you’re on your own. So it might happen that the first potato you fry ending up darker than intended, but from that on you can only do better.‎ All the trials you go through increase your independence, teach you a lesson and give you a wonderful experience to manage in complicated situations in the future. Learning in a new environment and taking full responsibility for yourself make your time abroad quite extraordinary.‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分：听力（每小题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1-5. ACBCB 6-10. ACBCC 11-15. ABABA 16-20. CBBCA ‎【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项极限运动：攀岩。同时说明了攀岩的好处以及运动规则。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据表格第二句“Participants employ no safety ropes.”可知参加攀岩运动的人是不系安全绳的，也就是说是没有安全保护的。故C项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 判断推理题。根据Why boulder?部分第四点intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems可知攀岩运动可以锻炼人们的智力和体力，故C项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后两句“Using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to lift herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.”可知在走右边一条路线的时候虽然也很难，但可以使用立足点，并用手抓住石头上的把手，到达顶部是比较容易的。故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项极限运动：攀岩。说明了攀岩的好处以及运动规则，最可能是从一本运动杂志上摘录而来的，与书评、科学报告及报纸广告无关。故D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，14岁的男孩Amit Dodani成立了自己的网站MynameMystory，利用这个网站组织一些活动去帮助那些需要帮助的人，文章中介绍了其中一项捐书帮助生病儿童的活动。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段“That experience changed my life,” he wrote after his team went on to nationals. “It gave me hope, and helped me see my own true potential.”可知参加辩论对的经历改变了他的生活，给了他希望也帮助他看见了自己真实的潜力。故C项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“The big thing that clicked in Amit was the belief that people are really needed (to help each other) in this country,” she said.”可知他设立这个网站的目的是让人们相互帮助，克服困难实现目标。故D项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“Amit said. “But books are something that can really make a difference to someone who is in the hospital and can’t go to school.”可知他认为书是可以对那些处于困境中的人带来很大的影响的，所以他才决定捐书给孩子们。故D项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文，14岁的男孩Amit Dodani成立了自己的网站 MynameMystory，利用这个网站组织一些活动去帮助那些需要帮助的人，文章中介绍了其中一项捐书帮助生病儿童的活动。故B项正确。‎ ‎【答案】29. C 30. D 31. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是我们天生就有数学头脑。研究发现那些在闪烁点测试中表现更好的孩子有更好的标准化考试成绩，反之亦然。你的评估能力可能会预测你在正式数学方面的能力。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains. One area is responsible for the math we learn in school, and the other judges approximate amounts.可知，从前两项研究中，我们可以了解到评估中心在儿童和成人的大脑中独立运作。故答案为C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test scores, and vice versa (反之亦然).可知，在对14岁孩子的研究中，最令贾斯汀感到惊讶的是评估技能好的学生，标准化数学测试分数也好，也就是评估能力与正式数学能力是相关的。故答案为D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics. Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends, we’re exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.可知，本文讲述的是我们天生就有数学头脑。故答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文，无人驾驶汽车已经进入了道路测试阶段，文章中讨论了无人驾驶技术给人们带来的好处以及可能出现的副作用，作者在文章里阐述了自己对这一技术的看法。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 判断推理题。根据第二段第一句“While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions (排放) and offer more convenient ‎ and affordable mobility options.”可知尽管关于自动驾驶车辆的安全问题一直都在被讨论，但人们的注意力应该被聚焦在无人驾驶车辆可以帮助减少交通堵塞、减少碳排放以及给人们提供便利方面。这些都属于与交通系统相关的内容，故B项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.”可知人们要开始考虑如何保证无人驾驶车辆不会导致现行的车辆控制系统变得更糟糕，也就是要更多考虑管理问题。故A项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 猜测词义题。根据划线句“The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services…”中的“by ride-hailing services”可知要注意的第一个问题是考虑到成本、责任和维护问题，叫车服务行业会不会使用无人驾驶的车辆。所以该词意为“employed”，所以B项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 态度意图题。根据最后三句“The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people， and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.”可知作者认为无人驾驶技术会给我们提供一个机会，让我们的交通系统费用更低，能够运输更多的人，未来的汽车马上就要来了，我们要做好计划。说明作者对无人驾驶汽车的未来是乐观的。故D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】36. F 37. G 38. E 39. A 40. D 这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们生气的三个原因并指出如何防止愤怒爆发。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到导致人们生气的三个主要原因： triggering（触发）events，personality traits（特征），our assessment of situations，下面的几段具体分析了这三个原因与生气的关系。故该句应该起承上启下的作用，故F选项（如果我们愿意用批判性的目光来评估自己的话，那么了解这些原因将会控制我们的愤怒。）承上启下，故选F。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。该空前面两句提到引发愤怒的事件很多，例如：堵车，截止日期临近，身体疼痛等。下一句提到：某件事会激发一个人的怒气，但其他人却不会为此而生气的原因是由于个人的历史和心理特征。该空承上启下，应当提到某件事会使某些人生气，但不会使别人生气这个现象，故G选项（人们对这些事情的反应不一样，这就导致使一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不会让另一个人生气。）承上启下，故选G。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：每个人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比较好强，气量比较小的人更容易生气。下一句提到：而且，有时候，pre-anger并不一定是一种持久的状态，而是一种触发事件发生前的暂时状态。该空承上启下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一句中的pre-anger，故Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. （拥有这些个性特征意味着愤怒之前的状态，愤怒就在你的大脑背景中。）承上启下，故选E。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：有时候，甚至常规性的事件也会变成pre-anger或恼怒的来源。有时候对这些情况的无知和负面观点会产生愤怒。该空位于段首，引出下文，故A选项（我们的对情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心产生愤怒。）是本段的主题句，概括全段内容，故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：但是生气很容易转变为暴力，所以最好了解一下愤怒的原因来阻止它的存在。该句和上一句之间是转折关系，结合剩余选项可知，D选项（愤怒是一种特别强烈的感情，或许人们认为他们有理由生气。）和下文构成转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】41. C 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由与几个朋友对生活目标的讨论入手，讲述了几个朋友的生活状况，最后从一个因癌症而去世的朋友那里认识到在我们活着的时候，我们要过好自己的生活。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. read阅读；B. printed印刷；C. rejected拒绝；D. written 写。根据本空前的“Several years ago, I quit my job to chase my dream of writing a book, but that book was”可知，几年前，为了追求我写书的梦想，我辞掉了工作，但那本书多次被拒绝，故C项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. excited兴奋的；B. confident自信的；C. envious嫉妒的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。上文说我的书多次被拒绝，所以当大家问我书怎么样的时候我感到很尴尬，故D项正确。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. darkness黑暗；B. smoke烟；C. danger危险；D. silence沉默。‎ 根据本空后的“and stares”及下文情节可知，她们对我的话报以沉默和凝视，故D项正确。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. hated讨厌、厌恶；B. lost失去；C. found发现；D. created创造。由上文的I don't know, either及第三段中的Pam switched (8) 可推测，Pam“厌恶（hated）”自己的工作。故A项正确。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. present礼物；B. answer答案；C. dream梦想；D. excuse借口。根据本空后的“She was suffering from cancer and, surely she had figured things out since she was facing a likely terminal outcome.”可知，Bette身患癌症，当然，自从她面临着可能的最终结果，她已经把一切弄得很清楚了，所以我确信Bette对这个问题有一个答案（指她知道自己的人生目标是什么），故B项正确。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides况且；D. otherwise否则。根据本空后的“she shook her head.”可知，然而，她也摇了摇头，故B项正确。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. house房子；B. car车；C. paper纸； D. book书。由第一段中的writing a book可推测，之后的两年时间里，作者卖掉了自己写的书。故D项正确。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. jobs工作；B. methods方法；C. topics主题；D. channels渠道。‎ 由第二段中的She was in a job she (4) .可推测，Pam 干这一份自己不喜欢的工作，两年后，她换了工作，故A项正确。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. fuller充实的；dB. poorer贫穷的；sadder伤心的；D. simpler简单的。‎ 根据本空前的“Bette kept on living as best as she could.”及下文和家人在一起的情节可知，Bette的生活过得比我们任何一个人都充实，故A项正确。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. complained抱怨； B. shouted大喊；C. laughed欢笑；D. learned学会。‎ 由Bette在那两年里所做的事情及倒数第二段中的she'd filled every moment with as much joy as she could find可推断，Bette“笑着（laughed）”面对生活。故C项正确。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. revised修正；B. published出版；C. reviewed复习；D. translated翻译。‎ 根据本空后的“and Bette made it to my first big signing.”可知，我的书终于出版了，Bette参加了我的第一场大型签约仪式，故B项正确。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. hospital医院；B. school学校；C. garden花园；D. company公司。‎ 根据本空后的“as she was seriously ill.”可知，因为病得很严重，Bette又回到了医院，故A项正确。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. hollowed成为空洞；B. returned返回；C. escaped逃跑；D. recovered恢复。根据本空前的“I left on tour for several weeks,”可知，我离开了几周，等我回来的时候，Bette已经快不行了，故B项正确。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. success成功；B. death死亡；C. trouble麻烦；D. wealth财富。由下文的He asked me to write her obituary可知，作者返回时，Bette已经生命垂危。close to death生命垂危。故B项正确。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. given up放弃；B. shown off炫耀；C. turned down调低；D. passed ‎ away去世。根据本空后的“He asked me to write her obituary(讣告).”可知，当Bette的哥哥打电话通知我Bette去世的消息时，他让我为Bette写一篇讣告，故D项正确。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. requirements要求；B. suggestions建议；C. achievements成就；D. agreements一致。根据本空后的“ It was the story of a woman who lived ___17___ what life threw at her, she lived.”可知，这篇讣告不是一系列的成就，而是一个女人的故事，不管生活给了她什么，她都坚强地活着，故C项正确。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。A. Other than除了；B. Rather than而不是；C. Regardless of不管；D. In case of万一。由上文介绍的Bette努力生活、与癌症斗争的故事可推断，“不管（Regardless of）”生活给了她什么，Bette都努力活着。故C项正确。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. guessed猜想；B. decided决定；C. expected期望； D. realized意识到。根据本空后的“what I’d learned through her passing. She defined her purpose in life by simply living her life.”可知，在那时，我意识到我从她的离世中学到了什么：她以简单地过好自己的生活来定义她的生活目标，故D项正确。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. works起作用；B. matters重要、要紧；C. exists存在；D. changes改变。根据本空后的“that we breathe in our time here and fill it with___20___”可知，唯一重要的是，在我们活着的时候，我们要过好自己的生活，故B项正确。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. life生活；B. trust信任；C. luck运气；D. nature自然。根据上文可知，唯一重要的是，在我们活着的时候，我们要过好自己的生活，故A项正确。‎ ‎【答案】61. are faced 62. increasingly 63. which 64. so 65. checking ‎ ‎66. themselves 67. recognized 68. suggestions 69. whether/if 70. an ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了遇到健康或营养问题时上网自我诊断的做法是不可取的，应该咨询官方认可的营养师或医生。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：当人们面临健康或营养问题时，上网自我诊断变得越来越普遍。‎ be faced with表示“面临”，is表明用一般现在时，故填are faced。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰形容词common用副词，故填increasingly。‎ ‎63题详解】‎ 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：没有相关规定来消除错误的建议，其中一些建议是极其危险的。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词advice，在从句中作of的宾语，故填which。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：此外，搜索引擎根据受欢迎程度而不是准确性对搜索结果进行排名，因此，很难找到确凿的事实。根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示结果，故填so。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：很值得检查一篇在线文章的作者是否具备专家资格。worth后接动名词作宾语，故填checking。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：任何人都可以自称为饮食专家、营养学家、甚至是医生。根据句意可知此处表示“他们自己”，故填themselves。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：只有官方认可的职业医生和营养师才有资格提供医疗建议。doctors和dietitians与recognize之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故填recognized。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意参考上题解析，作giving的宾语用名词，suggestion是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填suggestions。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：如果你仍然想知道巧克力食谱是否真的有效，与你的营养师或医生预约是值得的。根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故填whether/if。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意参考上题解析，appointment是以元音音素开头的可数名词，故填an表泛指。‎ ‎【答案】Dear Sir,‎ I’m writing in response to / to respond to your advertisement for a temporary position as a shop assistant. My interest and what I have studied contribute to my qualification for this job.‎ I’m a 16-year-old student and would be able to work during the summer holiday. I don’t have any working experience but I’m interested in this job. I’m fluent in both Putonghua/mandarin and oral English. Besides, I’m good at the computer. What’s more, I am outgoing / I have an outgoing personality and I can get along well with others.‎ I would be very grateful / would appreciate it if you take my application into consideration/account and offer me an opportunity of a personal interview at your convenience.‎ I look forward to hearing from you.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【概要写作】(2019浙江东阳中学高二10月卷)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ The main benefit of studying abroad is that we can learn to be independent. （要点1） When I went abroad, I had to find a job and learn how to manage my money.（要点2） Besides, I also had to look for a place to live in and take care of myself.（要点3） All the trials increase your independence and make you manage in complicated situations in the future.（要点4）‎