【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(三)因对词汇的多义和生义理解偏差而错选（5页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(三)因对词汇的多义和生义理解偏差而错选（5页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(三)因对词汇的多义和生义理解偏差而错选 ‎ 在英语中，多数的词都是多义词，我们把这种现象称之为 一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选 项中，有时也出现一些多义词。这些词除了我们常见的词义 外，在一些特定语境中，又出现了新的意义，即熟词生义。‎ 如果对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答 完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选或误选。‎ ‎(一)对语篇中的关键词汇理解偏差 写出下面加黑单词的词性和含义。‎ ‎1．(2018·江苏高考)They planned to keep the budget low by living on boiled noodles, with the occasional hamburger shop treat.‎ treat常见含义：v.对待　句中含义：n.款待 ‎2．(2016·6月浙江高考)During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.‎ station常见含义：n.车站，电台　 句中含义：vt.安置 ‎3．(北京高考)At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.‎ finish常见含义：v.完成；结束　 句中含义： v．获得名次 ‎4．(辽宁高考)She got off her bike and put it against the gate post.‎ post常见含义：vt.邮寄n.职位 　 句中含义：n.柱；桩 ‎(二)对题干中的选项词汇理解偏差 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his 52.promise! He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.‎ ‎53．A.bearing　　　　　　 B．collecting C．opening D．making 分析：选A　根据语境可知，丹尼斯履行了他的承诺，他带着(bearing)礼物去看了初为人母的Lindsey和她的宝宝。bear一词多义，意为“n.熊vt.忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；显示；携带；生(孩子)；开(花)等”。此处考查bear的熟词生义“带着，拿着”。‎ ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.A woman 57.excused the interruption and handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching and 58.opened it up.‎ ‎56．A.observing B．preparing C．designing D．conducting 分析：选D　根据下文“I stopped teaching”可知，此处指我正在教室举办研讨会。conduct一词多义，意为“n.行为；品行vt.指导，指挥；组织；安排；实施”，在这里意为“组织；实施”。‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates.I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his52.graduation from high school and remained the same53.caring person I met forty years before.‎ ‎51．A.assessments B．comments C．instructions D．updates 分析：选D　根据语境可知，“我”遇到过以前的学生，他们常常会提供一些关于他们的老 同学的“最新情况”。update在这里用作名词，意为“最新信息”，并非“v.更新，改造；使现代化”。‎ ‎4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)He posted his 49 on a social networking website，and received thousands of emails，including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 50.right passports.‎ ‎49．A.answer B．advice C．offer D．comment 分析：选C　post在此为动词，意为“发布”，而非最常见的“n.邮件；职位vt.邮寄”之意。offer在此是名词，意为“提议”，并非“提供，奉献，出价，提出”。‎ ‎5．(2017·天津高考)At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food：I used it to 16 bad feelings，to make myself feel better，and to celebrate.‎ ‎16．A.add B．mix C．kill D．share 分析：选C　根据下文的“to make myself feel better, and to celebrate”可知，为了使自己感觉良好，作者通过多吃食物的方式来抵消不好的情绪。kill一词多义，意为“n.杀死，捕杀v.杀死；使停止；使痛苦；消磨(时间)”，在这里意为“使停止”。‎ ‎[小结]‎ 在阅读文章的过程中，一词多义对准确理解句意造成了很大的障碍。所以，在备考时，我们要特别关注和积累一词多义，特别是常用动词及其短语，在解题过程中，注意认真思考，不要“望文生义”。‎ ‎(铺阴影的题目为“易因望文生义而错选”)‎ A 体裁 话题 词数 限时 记叙文 人物故事 ‎273‎ ‎15分钟 Five years ago, Finnish Rami Adham went to help the refugees (难民) in his former hometown of Aleppo, Syria.As he was 1 ， his threeyearold daughter, Yasmin, offered to donate her toys, 2 a new Barbie doll.A deal was made, and the aid worker added 61 toys to his already heavy 3 .‎ ‎ 4 the supplies were welcomed, it was the toys that produced the most excitement.Adham recalls (记得) kids 5 running towards him from every corner of the camp, and particularly 6 a sixyearold girl who did not 7 at all. He later discovered that she had lost her voice.Adham, who has 8 the young girl several times since and given her some toys, says, “Her 9 is always the same, a beautiful smile.”‎ Since then, the 10 man has been visiting different refugee camps in Syria.Each time, he 11 up to 70kg of donated toys to this wartorn country.‎ The journey to Syria has gotten 12 since the country closed its borders to most traffic.Adham once 13 eight miles into the city of Aleppo while carrying the heavy burden because it was too 14 to drive.‎ But none of the 15 appear to stop the 16 “toy smuggler (走私者) of Aleppo.” Adham says that the responses he gets from the 17 every time he hands out a toy “charge his batteries”．To give them something more to 18 ， Adham recently established a Go Fund Me campaign to raise money to 19 a school for the refugee children.In less than two months, Adham has been able to 20 over 60,000 of the 100,000 he needs to realize his dream. ‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一名芬兰男子为了让叙利亚难民营的孩子们展颜欢笑，不惜长途跋涉，给他们送去喜欢的玩具。‎ ‎1．A.passing　　　　　　　 B．working C．leaving D．camping 解析：选C　联系上文中的“Finnish Rami Adham went to help the refugees(难民)”和下文中的“the aid worker added 61 toys to his already heavy 3 ”可知，当Adham要“离开(leaving)”家去帮助叙利亚难民的时候，他三岁的女儿提出了捐赠玩具的想法。‎ ‎2．A.instead of B．in return for C．regardless of D．in exchange for 解析：选D　根据下文中的“A deal was made”可知，女儿想通过捐赠旧玩具来“换取(in exchange for)”一个新的芭比娃娃。‎ ‎3．A.debt　　　　　　　 　 B．load C．head D．heart 解析：选B　根据第二段中的“the supplies were welcomed”和第四段中的“carrying the heavy burden”可知，交易达成后，本来就很重的“负荷(load)”中又增加了一些玩具。load作名词意为“负载，负荷，工作量”；作动词意为“装载；使担负”。此处作名词表示“负荷”。 ‎ ‎4．A.Once　　　　　　　　 B．When C．Since D．While 解析：选D　“the supplies were welcomed”和“it was the toys that produced the most excitement”之间是让步关系，故此处填While，表示“尽管”。while意为“当……时；而；尽管”，此处语境中意为“尽管”。‎ ‎5．A.eagerly B．helplessly C．anxiously D．confidently 解析：选A　根据下文中的“running towards him from every corner of the camp”可知，孩子们“急切地(eagerly)”从难民营的各个角落跑了过来。‎ ‎6．A.believes B．remembers C．appreciates D．understands 解析：选B　根据上文中的“Adham recalls (记得) kids”和“particularly”可知，Adham对一个六岁的小女孩尤其“记忆(remembers)”深刻。‎ ‎7．A.talk B．read C．play D．smile 解析：选A　根据下文中的“she had lost her voice”可知，这个小女孩根本不“讲话(talk)”。‎ ‎8．A.rescued B．praised C．visited D．thanked 解析：选C　根据下文中的“given her some toys”可知，Adham已经多次“拜访(visited)”这个小女孩。‎ ‎9．A.choice B．purpose C．memory D．reaction 解析：选D　根据下文中的“a beautiful smile”可知，每次小女孩的“反应(reaction)”都一样，那就是一个甜甜的微笑。最后一段中的“the responses he gets”亦是提示。‎ ‎10．A.amazing B．amusing C．strange D．strong 解析：选A　根据下文“has been visiting different refugee camps in Syria”和“up to 70kg of donated toys”可知，他是一个“了不起(amazing)”的人。‎ ‎11．A.lends B．brings C．orders D．receives 解析：选B　根据第二段中的“the supplies were welcomed, it was the toys that produced the most excitement”可知，每次，Adham都会给这个饱受战争迫害的国家“带来(brings)”重达70公斤的玩具。‎ ‎12．A.easier B．longer C．worse D．faster 解析：选C　根据下文中的“the country closed its borders to most traffic”可知，去叙利亚的行程变得“更艰难(worse)”了。‎ ‎13．A.ran B．drove C．swam D．walked 解析：选D　根据下文中的“too 14 to drive”可知，Adham没法开车，只能“步行(walked)”。‎ ‎14．A.dangerous B．crowded C．far D．late 解析：选A　根据上文中的“this wartorn country”和“the country closed its borders to most traffic”可知，去Aleppo城市的途中太“危险(dangerous)”了不能开车。‎ ‎15．A.rules B．models C．hardships D．changes 解析：选C　根据上文内容可知，“苦难(hardships)”未能阻止Adham的脚步。‎ ‎16．A.busy B．brave C．happy D．serious 解析：选B　根据第一段中的“Rami Adham went to help the refugees (难民) in his former hometown of Aleppo, Syria”和第三段中的“this wartorn country”可知，Adham很“勇敢(brave)”。‎ ‎17．A.kids B．riders C．smugglers D．campaigners 解析：选A　根据上文中的“Adham recalls (记得) kids 5 running towards him from every corner of the camp”可知，每次他把玩具送给“孩子们(kids)”的时候，孩子们的反应使他感觉自己浑身充满能量。‎ ‎18．A.look down on B．look back on C．look up to D．look forward to 解析：选D　根据下文中的“raise money to 19 a school for the refugee children”可知，Adham想给孩子们更多他们所“期待(look forward to)”的东西。‎ ‎19．A.select B．build C．enter D．manage 解析：选B　根据上文中的“raise money”可知，Adham想为难民营的孩子们“建造(build)”一所学校。‎ ‎20．A.pay B．make C．obtain D．accumulate 解析：选C　根据上文中的“Adham recently established a Go Fund Me campaign to raise money”可知，不到两个月的时间，Adham就“获得(obtain)”六万多欧元的捐款。‎