2020届一轮复习必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（26页）

2020届一轮复习必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案（26页）

‎2020届一轮复习必修五Unit 5 First aid单元学案 一、知识点 ‎1. First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救是一种帮助的暂时形式，实施与在找到大夫之前突然病倒或受伤的人。‎ given tos someone 分词短语修饰help, who引导的从句修饰someone.‎ This arrangement is only temporary.这只是暂时的安排.‎ Reality is temporary while ideal is permanent.现实是暂时的，理想是永恒的。‎ We are easier to fall ill under pressure.我们在压力下比较容易病倒。‎ ‎2. if possible如果可能的话 A single room with a bath,if possible.可能的话我要单人房间，带浴室。‎ ‎3.sth happen to sb.某人怎么了 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 It can happen to anyone. 这事可能发生在任何人身上。‎ What will happen to us if computers can do our jobs? 如果电脑能完成我们的工作，会发生什么事情呢？‎ We happen to hold the same view.我们两人的想法不谋而合。‎ ‎4. …read about “First Aid for Burns” taken from a book called First Aid for the Family. 阅读到“烧伤急救”，节选于书本“家庭急救”‎ I like reading. I read about two books a week. 我喜欢读书。我一个星期大约能读两本书。‎ What I have given them will be taken from them. 我所赐给他们的，必离开他们过去。‎ ‎5. act as 充当，扮演，起作用 The forest will act as a defense against desert dust. 森林能起防御沙漠灰沙的作用。‎ ‎6. …it prevents your body from losing too much water. 它保持体内水分 He prevent what I said from being known by others他没有对任何人透漏我说的话.‎ ‎7. sense of touch 触觉 For, you see, they trusted their own sense of touch very much. 因为，你知道，他们非常相信自己的触觉。‎ He has a good sense of smell. 他的嗅觉很灵敏。a keen sense of humor 敏锐的幽默感 no sense of shame. 没有羞耻感 a sense of sight [hearing, smell, taste, touch] 视觉[听觉, 嗅觉, 味觉, 触觉]‎ a sense of duty 责任感sense of beauty 美感 sense of direction 方向感 ‎ sense of honor 荣誉感 ‎ sense of values 价值观 sense of justice 正义感 ‎ sense of hunger 饥饿感 sense of responsibility 责任感 the sixth sense 第六感 make sense 有道理;讲得通 ‎8. get burned 烧伤 Don't expose yourself to the sun for too long. You will get burned 别在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤。‎ ‎9. the treatment of burns 治疗烧伤 ‎ treatment ①不可数名词 “ 对待, 待遇,处理; 治疗 The workers received good treatment from the government. 工人们受到政府优厚的待遇.‎ ‎②可数名词“疗法”‎ They are trying a new treatment for cancer.他们正在试验治疗癌症的新疗法。‎ be under treatment 在治疗中 be under one’s treatment 接受某人的治疗 for treatment 进行治疗 treatment for + 疾病的名词 治…病的方法 ‎10. a variety of各种各样的 People start running for a variety of reasons.人们开始跑步的理由各种各样。‎ ‎11. mild sunburn轻度的晒伤 It's been a mild winter this year. 今年冬天不冷。‎ The weather is mild today；it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。‎ ‎12. take a few weeks to heal 需要数星期才能痊愈 ‎13. remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可以用剪刀。‎ He told me to remove the dishes from the table. 他告诉我把盘子从桌上拿走 remove one's shoes [coat] 脱鞋[上衣]‎ remove all doubts 消除一切怀疑 remove the cloth from the table 把桌上的桌布拿走 stick to 坚持，忠于，信守；紧跟，紧随；粘贴在…上 If you think you are correct, you should stick to your idea or principle. 如果您认为您是正确的,您应坚持您的想法或原则。 ‎ burn v. (被)烧毁；（被）烧伤；（被）烫伤　n.烧伤或灼伤（的痕迹）‎ v.She burnt all his letters to her.她把所有他寄给她的信都烧了。 n.There are some burns on her hand.她手上有烧伤的疤痕。 ‎14. a basin of cold water 一盆冷水 ‎15. squeeze out 拧出 to squeeze the juice out of a lemon 榨出柠檬汁 squeeze money out of [from] sb. 勒索某人的钱财 ‎16. over and over again 反反复复地，再三地 They sang the same song over and over again.他们把同一首歌唱了一遍又一遍。‎ Television ads are usually repeated over and over again.电视广告通常一遍又一遍地重复播放。‎ ‎17. …the wound may get infected. 伤口会感染 wound, injure, harm 与 hurt:‎ wound 一般指外伤，如枪伤，刀伤等，尤指在战场上受伤；也可指在感情上荣誉方面的创伤。‎ injure 常指因意外或事故而造成的损伤，还可表示在感情上，荣誉上的伤害，可用于人或物。‎ harm 指损害有生命的或无生命的东西；也可指肉体上或精神上的损害。‎ hurt 指任何肉体或精神上的伤害。尤其指打伤，刺伤；还可表示“疼痛”。‎ a gun wound 枪伤 a wound to her pride 伤了她的自尊心 The soldier was wounded in the arm. 这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。‎ be infected with cholera 被传染上霍乱 One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children. 班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染上了其他孩子。‎ ‎18. Hold the bandage in place with tape. 用胶布把绷带固定 in place 在适当的位置；适当的 out of place 不得其所的，不适当的 in place of 代替,取代,交换 ...‎ I like to have everything in place .我喜欢把一切东西都在适当的位置。‎ He felt out of place in their company.与他们在一起他感到不自在。‎ ‎19. …as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.因为这会使里面的热散不出去，而且还可能导致感染。‎ The heavy rain caused the flood. 大雨引起了洪水。‎ The wound isn't serious, but may cause some discomfort. 伤口并不严重,但可能会引起一些不舒适。‎ The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。‎ She has made up her mind to fight for the cause of peace all her life. 她已下定决心为和平事业奋斗终身。‎ There is no cause for concern, for the windstorm was not too serious. 那场风暴不太厉害,没必要担心。‎ ‎20. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. 如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立即把患者送往医院或送去看医生。‎ It is vital that we move quickly. 我们必须快速离开。 ‎ The understanding between each other is vital to friendship. 相互理解对于友谊是至关重要的.‎ a vital wound 致命伤 a vital question 生死攸关的问题 vital part (身体的)要害处 become the victim of (=fall a victim to)‎ 成为...的牺牲品 ‎21. give first aid on his neighbour 为邻居实施紧急抢救 固定搭配first aid (对伤患者)急救 in aid of支持，援助 with the aid of sb.=with sb.'s aid 在某人的帮助下 aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人去做…… aid sb.in/with 为……（事）帮助某人 give/offer aid 援助 come to sb.'s aid 帮助某人cut off aid （突然）终止援助 a hearing aid 助听器 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护 An English-Chinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning the English. 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。‎ I aided him with money. 我资助了他。‎ ‎22. John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another. 在颁奖大会上，约翰被授予奖赏。大会共表彰了抢救他人生命的十个人的勇敢行为。‎ present n.礼物 ,目前 adj.在场，出席，当前的 v.颁发，授予，赠给 present sth. to sb. 授予/赠给某人某物 present sb. with sth 授予/赠给某人某物 at present 目前;现在 for the present 暂时;暂且 be present at 出席;到场 perform the opening [closing] ceremony 举行开幕[闭幕]式 The firm recognized Tom's outstanding work by giving him an extra bonus. 公司发给汤姆一笔额外奖金以表彰他工作出色.‎ They agreed to recognize the republic in the end. 他们最后终于同意承认这个共和国。‎ Some recognize others by the way they walk or by their voice. 一些人靠别人走路的姿势或说话的声音的方法来识别。‎ ‎23. run from the scene 从现场逃跑 the scene of a traffic accident 车祸发生的地点 the scene of the crime. 犯罪现场 a scene of prosperity 一派繁荣景象 scenes in a mountain district 山区风光 The scene of this story is Germany during World War I.‎ ‎ 这个故事发生在第一次世界大战期间的德国。‎ ‎24. be stabbed repeatedly with a knife 被连捅了数刀 He stabbed the woman with a knife and she died. 他用小刀把这位妇女刺死了。‎ My father repeatedly impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲反复对我强调了努力工作的重要意义。‎ ‎25. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved her life. 正是约翰的快捷的动作和急救知识救了她的命。‎ 本句为强调句型结构,符合It is/was…that... 结构。‎ 强调句型It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。‎ 含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:‎ ‎① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为：Is it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？‎ ‎② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？‎ ‎26. put one’s hands on 常用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中，意为“找到，得到”。‎ I’m afraid I can’t put my hand(s) on the book you want. 恐怕我一时找不到你想要的那本书。‎ ‎27. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。（apply vt. 施加）‎ The train slowed its speed as it went around the curve. 火车在弯道行驶时放慢了速度。‎ The train slowed as it approached the station. 火车进站时速度放慢了。‎ A nurse is applying some medicine to his wound.‎ ‎ 有个护士正在给他的伤口敷药。（涂，敷，抹）‎ I want to apply for the job. 我想申请这项工作。‎ Students should apply themselves to their study. 学生们应该专心致志地学习。（专心；集中精力 apply oneself to专心从事，埋头于…）‎ ‎28. There is no doubt that …毫无疑问，……‎ doubt 名词，意思是“怀疑”、“疑惑”、“疑问”。‎ ‎(肯定句）主语+doubt whether/ is…（否定句）主语+not doubt that 从句 I have no doubt about the thing she mentioned yesterday.我对她昨天所提起的那件事完全没起疑心。‎ We have no doubt of his ability.我们相信他的能力。‎ I have no doubt that it will bring about closer ties between us.我相信这必将使我们的联系更加紧密。‎ There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。‎ I doubt whether [if] he is at home. 我看他不一定在家。‎ I do not doubt that he can recite it. 我相信他能把它背下来。‎ ‎29. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ 知道；了解；熟悉 a knowledge of French懂法语 ‎ She has a good knowledge of London.她对伦敦的情形很熟悉。‎ knowledge做不可数名词：知识 We go to school to get knowledge about many different things. 我们上学是为了得到关于各种事物的知识。‎ make a difference: 有影响，起重要作用 We want to find meaning in our lives and feel that our contributions make a difference. 我们需要找到生命中的意义，感受到我们的努力使之发生了巨大的变化。‎ ‎30. attend a special reception 出席了特殊的招待会 attend school上学 attend a lecture听讲课 attend church去教堂 attend a meeting出席会议 attend (at) a wedding出席婚礼 attend on 服侍, 照料; 陪, 随从 attend upon服侍, 照料; 陪, 随从 attend to倾听, 注意, 留心；关心, 照顾, 护理; 办理 ‎31. get involved in 涉及，卷入，参与到 If you get involved in the conflicts, you may burn your fingers. 要是你卷入这场冲突的话，你会吃苦头的。‎ ‎32. Do you think it is worthwhile to take a course in first aid? 你认为学急救课值得么？‎ It is worthwhile visiting the museum. 参观博物馆是值得的。‎ It is worthwhile to consider this point more closely. 更严密地考虑这一点是值得的。‎ ‎33. watch out for戒备, 提防, 密切注意 look out for警惕;留心;守侯 Watch/Look out for cars when you cross the street.当你过马路时要注意车辆。‎ ‎34. be left out 被忽视，被遗漏 leave out省去(不考虑,离开,结束一天的工作)‎ She leave out the date on the cheque.支票上她漏写了日期。‎ Don’t leave out the verb in the sentence句子中不能省略动词。‎ ‎35. step by step 逐步地，循序渐进 We must do everything step by step.我们必须事情一步一步来。‎ 二、练习 一）单词拼写,首字母已给出。‎ ‎1. What can cause the t______ of the skin? Hot liquid from pans on the stove.‎ ‎2. What is it v______ to do if you have third degree burns?‎ ‎3. What are the s______ of first degree burns? They are dry, red and mildly s______. ‎ ‎4. What he said does not make any s_____.‎ ‎5. It makes no d______ whether he attends the meeting or not.‎ ‎6. When you find someone hurt, you should perform first a_____ as soon as possible.‎ ‎7. He has a strong s_____ of duty.‎ ‎8. The soil has been p______ with chemical waste from the factory.‎ ‎9. Reality is ______ while ideal is permanent.‎ ‎10. I still remember what the old headmaster said at the graduation _______‎ ‎11. Do not put much _____ on the handle, it may break. ‎ ‎12. Music out of tune is ____ for ears.‎ 二）英汉互译 ‎1. A knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.‎ ‎2. 除非天下雪，否则我明天会回来的。‎ ‎3. It is his knowledge of first aid that makes much difference.‎ ‎4. 他拿不准他们是否能帮上忙。‎ ‎5. I’m afraid I can’t put my hand(s) on the book you want.‎ ‎6. 你可相信他会来。‎ ‎7. They have been squeezed out of the job market by young people.‎ ‎8. 我再三告诫你不要那样做。‎ ‎9. You’d better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. ‎ ‎10. 令他的老师吃惊的是，他在急救测试中做得比预料的要好。‎ ‎11. Giving first aid quickly will save one’s life.‎ ‎12. 正是在这条大街上我碰巧遇到了我的一个朋友。‎ ‎13. There are various treatments available for this condition. ‎14. 那本小说出版的时候就会成为当年的畅销书之一。‎ ‎15. He's the man (who/that) you can safely depend on. 三）单项选择 ‎1. I will answer the teacher’s question when _______.‎ A. I ask B. I will be asked C. asked D. I shall be asked ‎ ‎2. Fruit juice can be harmful _______ children’s teeth.‎ A. for B. toward C. with D. to ‎3.My chest _____ when I take a deep breath, doctor. A. hurts B. wounds C.harms D. injure ‎4. The fellow felt rather ____ as he was the only person that wore sportswear at the party.‎ A. in place B. out of place C. by the way D. in the way ‎5. Not until all the fish die in the river ____ how serious the pollution was.‎ A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers realized D. didn’t the villagers realize ‎6. With the development of our country, more and more students ____ to university.‎ A. admit to B. admitted to C. are admitted D. are admitted to ‎7. --- Brad was Jane’s brother! --- _____ he reminded me so much of Jane!‎ A. No doubt B. Above all C. No wonder D. Of course ‎8. The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.‎ A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D to be smelt ‎9. Beijing, _____ last year, is a nice old city.‎ A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited ‎ ‎10. I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens. ‎ A. unless B. whether C. because D. while ‎11. Never before ______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.‎ A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was ‎12. Wang Tong ______ a lot of English by playing with the local children.‎ A. took up B. picked up C. turned up D. made up ‎13. Recently I bought a second-hand car, ______ was very low.‎ A. the price of that B. the price of whose C. its price D. the price of which ‎14. I will __________ Jane today, as she can’t come to the meeting herself.‎ A take place B take place of C take the place D take the place of ‎15. I have always been honest and straightforward，and it doesn't matter _____ I'm talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 参考答案 ‎（一）‎ ‎1. tissue ‎2. vital ‎3. symptom, swollen ‎4. sense ‎5. difference ‎6. aid7.‎ sense ‎8. poisoned ‎9. temporary ‎10. ceremony ‎11. pressure ‎12. unbearable ‎（二）1. 懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎2. I’ll be back tomorrow unless there’s heavy snow.‎ ‎3. 正是他的急救知识起了很大的作用。‎ ‎4. He doubted whether they would be able to help. ‎5. 恐怕我一时找不到你想要的那本书。‎ ‎6. You may depend on it that he will come.‎ ‎7. 他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。 ‎ ‎8. I’ve told you over and over again not to do that.‎ ‎9. 你最好把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。‎ ‎10. To his teacher’s surprise , he did better in her first aid exam than expected.‎ ‎11. 迅速采取急救措施将会挽救一个人的生命。‎ ‎12. It was in this street that I happened to meet one of my friends.‎ ‎13. 针对这种病情有各种疗法。 ‎14. When published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. ‎15. 他是你能放心信赖的人。‎ ‎（三）CDABA .DCBBA ABDDB ‎ 高考试题解题指导 非谓语动词作状语 ‎1.　　　an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 ‎ A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base ‎2.He got up late and hurried to his office,　　　the breakfast untouched. ‎ A. left B.to leave C. leaving D. having left ‎3.The sun began to rise in the sky,　　　the mountain in golden light. ‎ A. bathed B. bathing C.to have bathed D. having bathed ‎4.　　　in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. ‎ A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded ‎5.Clearly and thoughtfully　　　,the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. ‎ A. writing B.to write C. written D. being written ‎6.—I hope to take the computer course.‎ ‎—Good idea.　　　more about it, visit this website. ‎ A. To find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out ‎7.Group activities will be organized after class　　　children develop team spirit. ‎ A. helping B. having helped C. helped D.to help ‎8.　　　nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. ‎ A. Having spent B. To spend C. Spent D. To have spent ‎9.Children,when　　　by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 ‎ A.to be accompanied B.to accompany C. accompanying D. accompanied ‎10.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,　　　at the night sky. ‎ A.to stare B. staring C. stared D. having stared ‎11.　　　in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. ‎ A. To absorb B. To be absorbed C. Absorbed D. Absorbing ‎12.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students　　　what is bothering them. ‎ A.to talk over B. talked over C. talk over D. having talked over ‎13.　　　more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. ‎ A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning ‎14.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,　　　more patients to be treated. ‎ A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed ‎15.Many Chinese brands,　　　their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. ‎ A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 题组二非谓语动词作定语 ‎1.(2010北京,25)I’m calling to enquire about the position　　　in yesterday’s China Daily. 　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 ‎ A. advertised B.to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised ‎2.A great number of students　　　said they were forced to practise the piano. ‎ A.to question B.to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning ‎3.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps　　　from the library. ‎ A.to borrow B.to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing ‎4.The next thing he saw was smoke　　　from behind the house. ‎ ‎　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 ‎ A. rose B. rising C.to rise D. risen ‎5.(2012北京,32)Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds　　　away. ‎ A.to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay ‎6.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope　　　. ‎ A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide ‎7.The room is empty except for a bookshelf 　　　in one corner. ‎ A. standing B.to stand C. stands D. stood ‎8.Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail　　　for her. ‎ A. waited B.to wait C. waiting D. was waiting ‎9.Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse　　　to guard her. ‎ A.to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed ‎10.The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras　　　to our shop for quality problems. ‎ A. returning B. returned C.to return D.to be returned ‎11.There’s a note pinned to the door　　　when the shop will open again. ‎ A. saying B. says C. said D. having said ‎12.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message 　　　 within the work. ‎ A.to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden ‎13.To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study　　　in Australia in 2012.‎ A. having conducted B.to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted ‎14.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train　　　. ‎ A. catching B. caught C.to catch D.to be caught 题组三非谓语动词作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等其他成分 ‎1.(2011北京,25)It’s important for the figures　　　regularly. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 ‎ A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated ‎2.　　　how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. ‎ A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing ‎3.It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like　　　for a swim? ‎ A.to go B. going C. go D. having gone ‎4.For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying　　　. ‎ A. connected B. connecting C.to connect D.to be connected ‎5.When it comes to　　　in public, no one can match him. ‎ A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D.be spoken ‎6.He is thought　　　foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. ‎ A.to act B.to have acted C. acting D. having acted ‎7.　　　your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. ‎ A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood ‎8.The manager was satisfied to see many new products　　　after great effort. ‎ A. having developed B.to develop C. developed D. develop ‎9.It’s standard practice for a company like this one　　　a security officer. ‎ A. employed B. being employed C.to employ D. employs ‎10.　　　 the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. ‎ A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored ‎11.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother　　　good care of at home. ‎ A. taking B. taken C. take D.be taken ‎12.Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it　　　live is quite another. ‎ A. perform B. performing C.to perform D. being performed ‎13.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do　　　with students. ‎ A. working B. work C.to work D. worked ‎ ‎ 答案精解精析 题组一非谓语动词作状语 ‎1.答案　B　句意:凭借情感而不是理智作重要决定,你迟早会后悔的。本题中既无从属连词又无并列连词,由此可见设空处为非谓语动词作状语。C项是谓语动词形式,如选C项,需在“you will...”前加并列连词and,构成“祈使句+and+陈述句”。主语you与非谓语动词之间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以排除A项。D项表目的,不符合题意,所以排除。Basing an important decision...相当于If you base an important decision...。‎ ‎2.答案　C　句意:他起晚了,然后匆忙赶到他的办公室,留下早饭没动。考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句子结构可知此处用现在分词leaving作结果状语。A项改为and left才正确;B项表目的及将来含义;D项表示该动作先于句子谓语动词所表示的动作。‎ ‎3.答案　B　句意:太阳开始在空中升起,使山峦沐浴在金色光辉之中。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语the sun与bathe(使沐浴)为逻辑上的主动关系,故选B项;C、D两项表示bathe这一动作先于began to ‎ rise发生,不合句意,故被排除。本句中bathing相当于and bathed。‎ ‎4.答案　C　句意:这所学校建立于20世纪早期,并一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。该空在句中作状语,与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故排除A、B、D三个选项。‎ ‎5.答案　C　句意:这本书表达清楚,思想有深度,激起了那些想寻求他们自己答案的学生的自信心。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。因为主语the book和write之间是逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成,所以用过去分词作状语。‎ ‎6.答案　A　句意:——我希望选电脑课。——好主意,要想更多地了解这个课程,浏览这个网站。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知该空作目的状语,所以要选动词不定式,排除B项和D项,C项是动词不定式的进行式,表示和谓语动词表示的动作同时进行,不符合题意,故选A项。‎ ‎7.答案　D　句意:为了帮助孩子们培养团队精神,下课后将要组织小组活动。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知该空作目的状语,所以要用动词不定式,故选D。‎ ‎8.答案　A　句意:由于已经差不多花了我们所有的钱,我们支付不起住旅馆的费用。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语we与spend之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故排除C项(表被动关系);不定式置于句首常表示目的,故排除B项;不定式的完成式一般不位于句首作状语;spend表示的动作先于句中谓语动词couldn’t afford表示的动作,故正确答案为A。‎ ‎9.答案　D　句意:当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语children与accompany之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故排除B、C两项;A项表示将来,不符合句意。when accompanied by their parents相当于when children are accompanied by their parents,故答案为D项。‎ ‎10.答案　B　句意:没有比仰面躺在草地中央凝视着夜空更快乐的事情了。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(根据题干可知逻辑主语为I)之间为主动关系,故排除C项(表示被动);A项表示将来;D项表示完成,均不符合本题要求,故排除。答案为B项。‎ ‎11.答案　C　句意:由于在全神贯注地画画,约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。考查非谓语动词作原因状语。设空处动作与句子主语John之间为被动关系,再结合固定搭配be absorbed in可知答案为C项。‎ ‎12.答案　A　句意:有时候我当同学的听众去讨论一些困扰他们的问题。本题考查非谓语动词作目的状语。设空处表目的,故选A 项。‎ ‎13.答案　C　句意:为了更多地了解中国文化,杰克已经决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课程。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Jack与learn为逻辑上的主动关系,根据语境可知设空处作目的状语,故答案为C项。‎ ‎14.答案　B　句意:这所医院近期获得了新的医疗设备,这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。本题考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知,allow和其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故排除A、D两项;allow并没有先于obtain发生,排除C项,故应用allowing。‎ ‎15.答案　A　句意:很多中国的品牌,已经积攒了几百年的声誉,正在面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词短语,develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系,根据时间状语over centuries可知用having done的形式,故选择A项。‎ 题组二非谓语动词作定语 ‎1.答案　A　句意:我打电话来是想询问一下有关刊登在昨天的《中国日报》上的职位的情况。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。空格处部分作position的定语,与position在逻辑上是被动关系,根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”,表示被动且完成,故A项符合题意。‎ ‎2.答案　C　句意:许多被询问的学生说他们是被迫练习弹钢琴的。此题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。students 和 question 之间是被动关系,故排除A、D两项;B项表示将要被询问,不符合语境;C项表示被询问过的,符合句意。‎ ‎3.答案　C　句意:怀特老师把从图书馆借来的一些旧地图展示给她的学生们看。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。the map和borrow之间是逻辑上的被动关系,而且表示已经发生的动作,因此用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎4.答案　B　句意:随后,他看见烟从房子后面冒出来。本题考查非谓语动词作定语,修饰smoke,故排除A项(谓语动词);逻辑主语smoke与动词rise之间为主动关系,而且强调动作正在进行,故答案为B项。‎ ‎5.答案　A　句意:鸟的歌声有的时候是警告其他鸟与之保持距离。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。此题易错选B项,一些考生可能依据空格处与birds为主动关系选择B项。但warning后通常跟不定式作定语,表示“……的警告”,故A项为正确答案。‎ ‎6.答案　B　句意:在填完表格并署名以后,请把它放在被提供的信封里返还到我们这里。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处的非谓语动词和envelope是被动关系,且作后置定语,故选B。‎ ‎7.答案　A　句意:除了在一个角落里立着的一个书架外这个房间是空的。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词为a bookshelf,stand与bookshelf之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故选A项。‎ ‎8.答案　C　句意:劳拉去巴黎待了一周多的时间。当她返回家的时候,有一大堆邮件等着她(处理)。因为非谓语动词与mail之间为主动关系,所以选wait的现在分词形式waiting,相当于定语从句that was waiting for her。‎ ‎9.答案　C　句意:Amie Salmon是一个残疾人,在上学期间,她一直由一名指定的护士照顾。考查非谓语动词作定语。名词nurse和appoint之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故选C。‎ ‎10.答案　B　句意:生产商会定期来收回因质量问题被退回我们店的照相机。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。cameras和return之间是被动关系,并且是已经完成的动作,所以要用过去分词。故选B项。‎ ‎11.答案　A　句意:门上钉着一张便条,上面写着这家店再次开张的时间。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。note和say之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用saying作后置定语。say(用文字、数字、图画)表达,说明(信息)。‎ ‎12.答案　B　句意:在艺术评论中,你必须要假定艺术家在作品中都会隐藏一个秘密的信息。考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处在句中作定语,message与hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,且表示动作已完成,故用过去分词形式。不定式表示将来的动作,故排除A项;现在分词表示主动关系,故排除C项;D项虽表示被动,但表示正在进行,故排除。‎ ‎13.答案　D　句意:回到水污染问题,我想让你们看一下2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。考查非谓语动词作定语。study与conduct之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎14.答案　C　句意:我在会议期间一直看表,因为我要赶火车。本题考查非谓语动词。设空部分是a train的定语,根据句意可知应用不定式表示将来。catch的逻辑主语I又是句子的主语,故应用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,故选择C项。‎ 题组三非谓语动词作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等其他成分 ‎1.答案　A　句意:这些数据定期更新是重要的。本题考查非谓语动词。figures与非谓语动词之间为被动关系,故排除C项和D项;此处表示一般性动作,故排除B项,选择A项。‎ ‎2.答案　A　句意:聆听别人对你刚读过的书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。首先排除B项,B项为谓语动词,不能作主语;本句介绍一个事实,故排除C、D两项;只有A项符合要求,故为答案。‎ ‎3.答案　B　句意:今天天气好热。你想去游泳吗?考查非谓语动词。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。非谓语动词表示的动作并未在谓语动词的动作之前发生,排除D。故选择B项。‎ ‎4.答案　A　句意:对于那些与家人相距遥远的人来说,个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面是重要的。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。根据staying可知后面为表语,表示状态,故答案为A项。‎ ‎5.答案　B　句意:谈到在公共场合演说,没人比得上他。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。come to 中的to为介词,故后面需用动名词形式,A和D 显然不正确;C ‎ 项为动名词的被动形式,不符合题意,故答案为B项。‎ ‎6.答案　B　句意:大家认为他表现得很愚蠢。现在要为他自己失业负责的不是别人,而是他自己。本题考查非谓语动词作主语补足语。sb.be thought 后需用不定式作主语补足语,故排除C、D两项;“表现”先于“认为”发生,故用不定式的完成式。故答案为B项。‎ ‎7.答案　A　句意:了解你自己的交流需求及交流风格和学会表达你的爱和情感一样重要。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。understand与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,设空处需用非谓语动词的主动形式,故排除B、C两项;D项表示完成,不符合句意,被排除,故答案为A项。‎ ‎8.答案　C　句意:经理看到经过巨大努力,许多新产品被研发出来非常满意。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。many new products与develop之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词,故选C项。‎ ‎9.答案　C　句意:对于像这样的一家公司来说,雇用一位保安是常规做法。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。分析句子结构可知句首的It是形式主语,“to employ a security officer”为真正的主语,“for...to do sth.”为不定式的复合结构。‎ ‎10.答案　B　句意:忽视那两个调查结果的不同将会是你犯的最严重的过错之一。本题考查非谓语动词。动名词短语作主语,故选B项。‎ ‎11.答案　B　句意:在非洲提供了两年的医疗服务回来后,Lee医生十分高兴地看到他的母亲在家里得到了很好的照顾。本题考查非谓语动词。这里使用了非谓语动词作宾补,宾补与宾语之间是逻辑上的被动关系,且动作已经完成,故选B项。‎ ‎12.答案　D　句意:在家听音乐是一回事,去听现场演奏是另外一回事。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。空格处动作与宾语it之间为被动关系,且动作正在进行之中,应用being done形式。故答案选D。‎ ‎13.答案　A　句意: 我过去航海和现在同学生们打交道一样很开心。本题考查非谓语动词。句中do代替have fun, have fun (in) doing sth.做某事很开心。故选A项。‎