2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（30页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（30页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Great scientists单元学案 一 单元基础词汇语法回顾 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．A nurse ________________(照料) to his needs contantly.‎ 答案：attended ‎2．Mr Smith is a ________________(内科医师) in the hospital.‎ 答案：physician ‎3．A scientific theory is the result of the ________________(科学的) method.‎ 答案：scientific ‎4．She doesn't want to ________________(暴露) herself to the public, because the is a shy girl.‎ 答案：expose ‎5．Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious _____________(挑战) we face.‎ 答案：challenges ‎6．He drew a c ________________after a lot of experiments.‎ 答案：conclusion ‎7．Who is to b________________for starting the fire?‎ 答案：blame ‎8．A________________from your spelling, your composition is rather good.‎ 答案：Apart ‎9．Have they a________________ when the plane will take off?‎ 答案：announced ‎10．You must be c________________when crossing the street.‎ 答案：cautious/careful Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．________________(总而言之)，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.‎ 答案：In conclusion ‎2．Eating too much fat can________________(导致心脏病) and cause high blood pressure.‎ 答案：contribute to/lead to heart disease ‎3．For the next two hours she ________________(专心于看电影)，so she didn't notice what had happened around her.‎ 答案：was absorbed in the film ‎4．The more one ________________(暴露于)the Englishspeaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.‎ 答案：is exposed to ‎5．Who is ________________(为……负责) setting the house on fire?‎ 答案：to blame for ‎6．It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and ________________(理解世界)．‎ 答案：made sense of the world ‎7．—Why is he feeling down today?‎ ‎—Because the suggestion he ________________(提出)has been turned down.‎ 答案：put forward ‎8．We'd better discuss the issue in detail before we ________________(得出结论)．‎ 答案：draw a conclusion ‎9．________________(除了有几个缺点外)，he is a faithful friend.‎ 答案：Apart from a few faults ‎10．Neither the father nor the children________________(对这部电影都不感兴)．‎ 答案：are interested in the film ‎11．Only if I get a parttime job________________(才有足够的钱)to go to school.‎ 答案：will I have enough money ‎12．I think of the happy hours we spent together________________(每次看到这些照片)．‎ 答案：every time I see these photos 单项填空 ‎1．He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people________to cholera.‎ A．expose B．exposed ‎ C．exposing D．to expose 解析　expose“使暴露于；显露；使接触”，在此处作后置定语修饰people，二者存在动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。‎ 答案　B ‎2．When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，________in conversation.‎ A．absorbing B．absorbed C．to absorb D．to be absorbed 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：当他三个小时后回来时，他们仍坐在沙发上，聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配，意为“‎ 专心于”，所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式，作伴随状语。‎ 答案　B ‎3．—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.‎ ‎—I ______ it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.‎ A．attended　　　　　　　　 B．had attended C．would attend D．would have attended 解析 考查虚拟语气。句意：——很可惜你错过了这次有关核污染的演讲。——我本来要参加，但忙于准备工作面试。根据but后面的内容可知，设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以正确答案为D项。‎ 答案 D ‎4．I think you need some outdoor exercise.Plenty of fresh air will________good health.‎ A．contribute to B．devote to C．apply to D．adjust to 解析　考查带to的动词短语辨析。句意：我认为你需要户外锻炼，足够的新鲜空气会有利于健康。contribute to有助于，导致；devote to奉献；apply to运用；adjust to调节以适应。‎ 答案　A ‎5．The doctor________you for your cough is sure to________it.‎ A．curing；treat B．cures；treating C．treating；cure D．treats；cure 解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意：给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。treat治疗；cure治愈；treating you for your cough现在分词短语作定语。‎ 答案　C ‎6．The________，I think，he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific.‎ A．attention B．conclusion C．promise D．relation 解析　句意：我认为他从简单的实验中得出的结论是不科学的。draw a conclusion“得出结论”；draw one's attention“引起某人注意”。‎ 答案　B ‎7．______ good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.‎ A．Far from B．Apart from C．Instead of D．Regardless of 解析 考查介词短语的辨析。句意：除了良好的服务，饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。apart from除了；far from完全不；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意可知，正确答案为B项。‎ 答案 B ‎8．—I was surprised to see wild flowers in Alaska.‎ ‎—Many people think there is nothing there ________ice and snow.‎ A．except for B．rather than C．apart from D．regardless of 解析　此处表示“除了冰雪以外没有别的东西”，可以使用except，因为ice and snow和nothing属于同类，而except for后的名词和前面的名词不属同类。apart from相当于except或besides。‎ 答案　C ‎9．To be honest，my carelessness______a lot to my failure.‎ A．contributed B．donated C．provided D．offered 解析 句意：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。contribute to导致。donate捐献；provide提供；offer(主动)提供。‎ 答案 A ‎10．The building around the corner caught fire last night.The police are now ________the matter.‎ A．seeing through B．working out C．looking into D．watching over 解析　考查动词词组辨析。此处look into表示“调查”。A项表示“看穿；识破”； B项表示“制定出；算出”；D项表示“看守；监视”。‎ 答案　C ‎11．—Stay a bit longer，please.It's been such________fun having you here.‎ ‎—Thank you，but I've got________early start tomorrow morning.‎ A．/；the B．a；an C．/；an D．the；an 解析　考查冠词。此题中fun为不可数名词，前面不用冠词。an early start此处指“早起”。句意为“请再待一会儿吧。有你在这里太有趣了。”“谢谢你，但明天早上我还要早起呢”。‎ 答案　C ‎12．______ for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.‎ A．Blaming B．Blamed C．To blame D．To be blamed 解析 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：由于被指责要对学校计算机网络的故障负责，艾丽丝情绪低落。本题是状语从句的省略。Alice与blame之间是被动关系，即Because she was blamed的省略。‎ 答案 B ‎13．________his eyes，Tom found himself________on the roadside.‎ A．Opened；lied B．Opened；laid C．Opening；lying D．Opening；lain 解析　本题考查的是非谓语动词。现在分词表示主动，所以用Opening。第二个空的意思是“躺”，表示主动进行。‎ 答案　C ‎14．The Dead Sea is so salty________it's hard for anything to live in it________is why it's called the Dead Sea.‎ A．that；which B．that；that C．/；that D．/；what 解析　so...that为固定结构，第二个空用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整句话。‎ 答案　A ‎15．—How did he catch so many fish?‎ ‎—By using a________.‎ A．bamboo long fishing line ‎ B．long bamboo fishing line C．fishing long bamboo line ‎ D．bamboo fishing long line 解析　本题考查的是名词前面修饰语的先后顺序。该次序如下：冠词＋品质(好，坏等)＋大小/长短＋新旧＋形状式样＋颜色＋产地＋材料＋用途＋动名词＋名词，所以选B。‎ 答案　B 单元综合知识运用 阅读理解 A ‎(2018·兰州高三第一次诊断)‎ Here is some general information about Edison Elementary School. For more information, you can visit our website which is printed on the cover.‎ Attendance：‎ Please contact the office at 480－472－5282 if your child is going to be absent.‎ Renaissance Reading：‎ The Accelerated Reader(AR) Program is a computerized reading enrichment program that combines great children's literature with computer skills. As an individualized reading program ，it is designed to motivate students to read more and to read good literature.Students of different abilities can use this program. It is not a cornpetitive program but one that improves any student's reading ability.‎ Here is how it works. Students select books in their reading range from our Accelerated Reader Selection and read it at their own pace. Once the student has completed the book, he/she is ready to take an AR quiz. Each quiz consists of 5,10, or 20 multiple choice comprehensive questions about the book.‎ After taking the quiz, the computer shows the student how manyquestions he/she answered correctly, shows the correct answers formissed questions, and praises the students' efforts with an onscreen personalized message. Passing the quiz assures the teacher and the parent that the child actually read and understood the book. Each student tests independently——reading the quiz questions himself/herself.‎ The computer keeps track of rehding points，books，and average test ‎ scores, as well as other data. A student may test on a book only once and should, therefore ，have thoroughly read and understood the contents before taking the quiz. Each student is responsible for reading the screen to be sure the quiz，by title and author, is the correct one he/she wishes to take.‎ Students are recognized for their accomplishments with praise from the teachers and special recognition at the classroom level when individual and/or classroom goals are met.‎ P. T. O.‎ We have an active ParentTeacher Organization. They have monthly meetings, check the calendar for the meeting times and places.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文为说明文，主要介绍有关Edison Elementary School 的一些信息。‎ ‎1．The passage may be selected from________.‎ A. a magazine　　　　 B． a newspaper C. a website D． a novel 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“For more information, you can visit our website which is printed on the cover.”可知，这篇文章是出自一本杂志。‎ 答案：A ‎2．The passage is written for________.‎ A. general readers B． parents C. teachers D． primary students 解析：推理判断题。根据文中“Please contact the office at 480－472－5282 if your child is going to be absent.”可知，这篇文章是推荐给学生父母的。‎ 答案：B ‎3．Which of the following is TRUE about how Renaissance Reading works?‎ A. Students select books based on the instruction of the computer.‎ B. Students take the quiz without others' arrangements.‎ C. The result of the quiz will be kept by teachers.‎ D. The summary of the book to be selected is shown on the screen.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段最后一句“Each student tests independently——reading the quiz questions himself/herself.”可知，学生是独立地参加测验，故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎4．It can be inferred from the passage that________.‎ A. students won't be punished if they don't pass the quiz B. students only have one chance to test on a book C. students won't be praised if they reach their goals D. parents meet the teachers once a term 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段第二句“A student may test on a book only once and should, therefore ，have thoroughly read and understood the contents before taking the quiz. ”可知，学生们只有一次机会参加测验。‎ 答案：B B ‎(2018·福州高三上学期期末检测)‎ Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons ，research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.‎ Professor Anne Bamford of the University of the Arts, London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks ，improving test scores by an average of 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answer to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.‎ The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding ，increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.‎ Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology——90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3Denabled projectors (投影仪), laptops with good picture capabilities ,3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations(动作) into classrooms.‎ But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, “While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting，I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick(小玩意儿). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective.‎ In the US, one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon ‎ Basin has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文为说明文，主要介绍3D设备在教学上的应用。‎ ‎5．What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?‎ A. There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images.‎ B. Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes.‎ C. Schools have difficulties in making full use of 3D technology.‎ D. 3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology.‎ 解析：段落大意题。根据前三段内容可知，当3D技术运用到教学中时，学生们的接受能力提高了，成绩也好了。‎ 答案：B ‎6．Danny Nicholson holds the view that 3D________.‎ A. is of no help in classes B. has a bright future in classes C. is more practical than 2D models D. may not be affordable for schools 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly.”可知，3D技术是很昂贵的。‎ 答案：D ‎7．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.‎ B. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.‎ C. Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.‎ D. 3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“In the US, one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms.”可知，3D技术将很快在Colorado的一个学校投入使用。‎ 答案：D ‎8．The underlined word “engrossed”in the last paragraph means________.‎ A. absorbed B． annoyed C. relaxed D． confused 解析：词义推测题。根据后文“and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.”可知，划线单词是“投入”的意思。‎ 答案：A ‎ C Keeping Ears Clean Some people's ears produce wax like busy little bees. This can be a problem even though earwax appears to serve an important purpose.It protects and cleans the ear.It traps dirt and other matter，and it keeps insects out.Doctors think earwax might also help protect against infections.And the waxy oil keeps ears from getting too dry.‎ But you can have too much of a good thing. Some people's ears produce too much wax.Earwax_normally_falls_out_of_the_ear_or_gets_washed_away．But extra wax can harden and form a blockage that interferes with sound waves and reduces hearing. People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears, but only push the wax deeper inside.‎ Experts at the National Institutes of Health，NIH，suggest some ways to treat extra earwax yourself. The wax can be softened with mineral oil，glycerin or ear drops.Hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide may also help.Another way to remove wax is known as irrigation.With the head upright，take hold of the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal. Use a syringe device (洗涤器) to gently direct water against the wall of the ear canal.Then turn the head to the side to let the water out.‎ The experts at NIH say you may have to repeat this process a few times.Use water that is body temperature.If the water is cooler or warmer，it could make you feel dizzy.Never try irrigation if the eardrum is broken.It could lead to infection and other problems.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文为说明文，主要介绍了耳垢对健康的影响以及自己清除耳垢的方法。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is NOT the function of earwax?‎ A．Keeping insects out.‎ B．Protecting against infection.‎ C．Keeping ears dry.‎ D．Trapping dirt and other matter.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段后四句可判断，A、B、D三项的说法是正确的；而C项的意思和最后一句的意思相悖。keep ears dry“防止耳朵过于干燥”。‎ 答案：C ‎2．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．‎ A．Earwax has too many benefits B．Too much earwax is produced C．Earwax can also bring problems D．Earwax has more good than bad 解析：句意理解题。根据上文介绍耳垢的益处以及下文“But extra wax can harden and form a blockage that interferes with sound waves and reduces hearing.People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears，but only push the wax deeper inside.”可判断，划线句是过渡句，引出下文的内容，即耳垢也会带来麻烦。‎ 答案：C ‎3．Hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide are probably ________.‎ A．liquids used to help soften earwax B．medicines taken to cure illnesses C．mineral oil to clean away earwax D．chemicals to kill insects in ears 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“The wax can be softened with mineral oil，glycerin or ear drops.Hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide may also help.”中的also help 可推断，Hydrogen peroxide与carbamide peroxide和mineral oil一样属于软化耳垢的液体。‎ 答案：A ‎4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3 ?‎ A．Why you need to remove earwax.‎ B．Ways to get rid of earwax by yourself.‎ C．What you should use in clearing earwax.‎ D．Tools you might need to treat earwax.‎ 解析：‎ 段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可判断，本段作者主要介绍关于自己清除耳垢的方法。‎ 答案：B ‎5．The above text is likely to be taken from ________.‎ A．a medicine brochure B．a research journal C．a biology book D．a health magazine 解析：推理判断题。本文作者主要介绍耳垢对健康的影响以及自己清除耳垢的方法，是有关健康方面的内容，应该摘自健康杂志。‎ 答案：D D ‎(2018·甘肃省河西五市高三第一次联考)‎ October 15th is Global Handwashing Day. Activities are planned in more than twenty countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap.‎ Experts say people around the world wash their hands but very few use soap at socalled critical moments. These include after using the toilet, after cleaning a baby and before touching food.‎ Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Publicprivate Partnership for handwashing with soap. The goal, they say，is to create a culture of handwashing with soap. The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing diseasecausing germs. They say the correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub it into all areas, including under the fingernails. Then, wash well under running water. Finally, dry your hands with a clean cloth.‎ The Partnership says soap is important because it increases the time ‎ that people spend washing. Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs. And it usually leaves a pleasant smell，which increases the chances that people will wash again.‎ It also says that washing hands with soap before eating and after using the toilet could save more lives than any medicine. It could help reduce cases of diarrhea, which is the second leading cause of child deaths, killing more than one and a half million children a year, by almost half.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文为说明文，主要介绍用肥皂洗手的好处。‎ ‎33．What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?‎ A. To keep healthy by washing hands.‎ B. To wash hands with soap.‎ C. To take action to wash hands.‎ D. To wash hands often.‎ 解析：目的意图题。根据第一段第二句“...to get millions of people in the developing wodd to wash their hands with soap.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是想让人们都用肥皂洗手。‎ 答案：B ‎34．Which of the following is the right way to wash hands?‎ a. Washing hands well.‎ b. Covering hands with soap.‎ c. Drying hands.‎ d. Rubbing hands with soap.‎ e. Wetting hands.‎ A. a—c—b—e—d B． e—d—a—b—c C. a—c—b—d—e D． e—b—d—a—c 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第四至七句“They say the correct ‎ way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub it into all areas，including under the fingernails.Then，wash well under running water.Finally，dry your hands with a clean cloth.”可知，用肥皂洗手的正确顺序。‎ 答案：D ‎35．Which fact can NOT explain why soap is important?‎ A. It gives people a longer handwashing time.‎ B. It helps to remove a lot of germs from hands.‎ C. It attracts people to do more handwashing.‎ D. It gets all people into the habit of washing hands.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段内容可知，让人们养成洗手的习惯并不是肥皂重要性的原因。‎ 答案：D 七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When I first came to the University of MissouriColumbia in America, I had a meeting with a professor. It took me a long time to find Townsend Hall. When I finally arrived in the lobby(大厅)，I saw an American student passing by. She greeted me by saying “How are you doing？” When I heard this, I felt so surprised and thought, “Wow, Americans are so friendly.”__1__I stopped and answered, “Not so good I'm lost... I．.. “I hadn't finished talking but she had already walked away. __2__ Why did she ask me “How are you doing？“ She didn't want to know what happened to me? After that, I met many Americans like her who just said “How are you？” then walked away before I answered ‎ them.__3__ “How are you？” is only a greeting. For somebody they don't really care about, they will just say “How are you？” and for somebody they know a little bit, they will say“It's a beautiful day, isn't it？” after “How are you？”Then the conversation ends.‎ ‎“‘How are you？？’＋weather”is the most common model of greetings here I have found. In China, we don't greet strangers.__4__If we greet people, that means we really want to have conversations with them and we are interested in what they have to say. __5__‎ A. Then I thought I should reply.‎ B. We many just smile without saying anything.‎ C. I didn't know how to communicate with them.‎ D. I stood there with lots of questions in my mind.‎ E. I started to realize that they didn't really care if I was alright or not.‎ F. The different views toward greetings were my first cultural lesson here.‎ G. It took me some time to understand the hidden message behind this sentence.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个关于跨文化交际的小故事。‎ ‎1．解析：由下文中的I stopped and answered 可知，作者想回应那个美国学生。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎2．解析：下文中的Why did she ask me “How are you doing？”及She didn't want to know what happened to me？是作者想的问题，故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎3．解析：由上文中的After that, I met many Americans like her who just said “How are you？”then talked away before I answered them 及下文中的“How are you？” is only a greeting 可知。‎ 答案：E ‎4．解析：上文中的We don't greet strangers与选项B中的just smile without saying anything 相对应，故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎5．解析：上文主要介绍了在美国和中国不同的打招呼方式，这与选项F中的The different views toward greetings 相对应，故选F项。‎ 答案：F 第三部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2015·江西省上饶市高三二模)‎ Children are always taught not to argue with adults for generations. However, new research shows that young teenagers who are taught to argue__41__are more likely to resist peer pressure to use drugs and alcohol later in__42__.‎ ‎“It turns out that what goes on in the__43__is actually a training ground for teens in terms of how to__44__agreements with other people，”said Joseph Allen，the lead author of the study. He added that teens should learn they can be taken__45__through discussions with their parents.‎ Sometimes，it can be unnatural for parents to__46__their teens to argue with them. But learning effective argumentation__47__can help teenagers learn to become more__48__and how to protect themselves.‎ The study observed 115 13yearold engaging in arguments, and then__49__the same participants three years later about__50__with drugs and alcohol.‎ At 13, the teenagers were__51__summarizing disagreements between themselves and their mothers. The recordings were then replayed for the mothers to hear.‎ The__52__between them would go on to be discussed. The topic would__53__from household rules to grades to monthly allowances. Once the discussion was__54__again, researchers filmed the teens and their mothers for eight minutes. Teenagers who displayed confidence and used reasons to__55__their statements were more likely to have refused drugs or alcohol.‎ Allen recommended parents should teach their children how to effectively__56__their thoughts and emotions during conflicts，which in turn teaches children to stand up to__57__influence outside of the home.__58__their viewpoints don't line up, the teens are going to be able to take those skills into other environments. Parents should also teach by examples and__59__good discussion practices for their children.‎ ‎“If they're able to learn how to be confident and persuasive with their__60__，they'll be able to do the same with peers，” Allen said.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。孩子通常被教育不要与大人争辩，但新的研究表明孩子与父母争论是是有好处的，教育孩子有效地争论更有可能抵制其在青春期被同伙诱使吸食毒品和酗酒。‎ ‎41．A. effectively B． cleverly C. actively D． emotionally 解析：由第47空前的effective argumentation可得出答案。教育孩子“有效地(effectively)争论”‎ 更有可能抵制同伴在青春期诱使其吸食毒品、酗酒。‎ 答案：A ‎42．A. babyhood B． childhood ‎ C. adolescence D． neighborhood 解析：见上题解析。‎ 答案：C ‎43．A. office B． family ‎ C. school D． house 解析：与父母争论的场所应当是在“家(family)”里，发生的一切实际上就是一个训练场所。‎ 答案：B ‎44．A. link B． share C. change D． reach 解析：reach arguments意为“达成一致意见”。‎ 答案：D ‎45．A. properly B． seriously ‎ C. correctly D． carefully 解析：青少年应该明白在与父母的讨论中他们能够受到“重视”。take...seriously意为“重视……”。‎ 答案：B ‎46．A. admit B． forbid ‎ C. allow D． stop 解析：有时父母会觉得允许孩子们和自己争论很不自然。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。admit sb.to do sth.意为“承认某人做某事”。‎ 答案：C ‎47．A. skills B． purposes ‎ C. reasons D． results 解析：学会辩论“技巧(skills)”能帮助青少年学得更自信和如何保护自己。purpose“目的”；reason“理由”；result“结果”。‎ 答案：A ‎48．A. trustful B． legal C. humorous D． confident 解析：学会有效的辩论技巧有助于青少年变得更“自信(confident)”，下文第55空前的confidence也是提示。‎ 答案：D ‎49．A. researched B． advised C. persuaded D． warned 解析：该句介绍对115名13岁青少年的研究，所以是“研究(researched)”他们三年后对待毒品和酒的“经历(experiences)”。‎ 答案：A ‎50．A. satisfactions B． experiences C. intentions D． desires 解析：见上题解析。satisfaction“满意”；intention“打算”；desire“要求”。‎ 答案：B ‎51．A. tracked B． kept C. recorded D． considered 解析：由下句“the recordings”可提示此处是“记录(recorded)”。‎ 答案：C ‎52．A. disagreements B． discussions C. debates D． agreements 解析：由上文中的“disagreements between themselves and their mothers”可知此处指继续讨论这种“分歧(disagreements)”。‎ 答案：A ‎53．A. shift B． move C. turn D． range 解析：由下半句的from...to...可知答案。range from...to...“从……到……的范围”。‎ 答案：D ‎54．A. raised B． started C. prevented D． continued 解析：由下半句“研究人员为少年和他们的母亲拍摄八分钟”可知此处指讨论“开始(started)”。‎ 答案：B ‎55．A. present B． stress ‎ C. support D． tell 解析：用理由“支持、支撑(support)”他们的陈述。‎ 答案：C ‎56．A. prove B． list ‎ C. develop D． express 解析：父母应该教孩子在冲突中如何有效地“表达(express)”自己的思想和情感。‎ 答案：D ‎57．A. fierce B． negative C. positive D． cruel 解析：父母教会孩子勇敢地面对外界的“负面、消极的(negative)”影响。‎ 答案：B ‎58．A. Even if B． As long as C. As soon as D． In case 解析：“即使(even if)”他们的观点不成立，他们也能够将这种辩论技能运用到其他方面。‎ 答案：A ‎59．A. conclude B． hang C. show D． lead 解析：给孩子们“展示(show)”好的讨论实例。‎ 答案：C ‎60．A. classmates B． parents C. relatives D． friends 解析：由上文可知Alien鼓励父母教育孩子学会辩论，因此应该让孩子先与自己的“父母”辩论。‎ 答案：B 第二节　语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ White：British railways are a nationalized industry.There's only one railway system in the country.If you don't like a particular kind of big beans，you can go and buy__61__. But if you don't like a particular railway, you can't go and use another.‎ Marine：I don't think we do anything on purpose to upset our ‎ customers. Since 1946，__62__the Transport Act came in, we have been nationalized.‎ White：Has it been a good thing for the railways nationalized?‎ Marine：Oh, I think__63__， yes. Let's face__64__fact.The car arrived and would stay. There is no question about that.‎ White：So what are you saying then? Does__65__mean that if the railways are nationalized, they would simply disappear?‎ Marine：Oh, I think so. They__66__(disappear) fast in America.Er, the French railways lose I billion pounds a year.The German railways lose 2 billion pounds a year.__67__you see，those governments are preparing to pour money into the transport system to keep it__68__(go)．‎ White：So in a sense, you are__69__two extremes. On the one hand, you're trying not to lose too much money. And on the other hand, you've got to provide__70__(good)service.‎ Marine：Yes, yon are right.‎ ‎61．________　62.________　63.________　64.________‎ ‎65．________　66.________　67.________　68.________‎ ‎69．________　70.________‎ ‎【文章大意】　双方谈论的话题是英国的铁路系统。他们认为铁路国有化不利于铁路的发展，尽管政府会投资，但铁路公司依然会赔钱。‎ ‎61．解析：考查不定代词。根据下文暗示“you can't go and use another”可知答案。句意：如果你不喜欢某种豆子，你可以去买另外一种。‎ 答案：another ‎62．解析：‎ 考查定语从句的关系词。此处when指代先行词1946，并在定语从句中充当时间状语。‎ 答案：when ‎63．解析：考查代词。在动词think后，指代前面所提到的内容，用代词so。‎ 答案：so ‎64．解析：考查冠词。此处the fact表示铁路系统国有化这一特定事实。‎ 答案：the ‎65．解析：考查it的用法。此处it指代上文对方所说的内容。‎ 答案：it ‎66．解析：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处应用现在进行时，强调正在进行或发生的动作。‎ 答案：are disappearing ‎67．解析：考查逻辑关系。上下文之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，因此用hut。‎ 答案：But ‎68．解析：考查现在分词作宾语补足语keep...going“使……运转”，该结构用现在分词作宾语补足语。‎ 答案：going ‎69．解析：考查介词。从某种意义上说，你处于两种极端之间。‎ 答案：between ‎70．解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据上文语境“two extrenles”可知，此处指最好的服务。‎ 答案：the best 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：把错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!‎ 解析与答案：‎ ‎71．before→ago　five years ago.“五年前”，一般过去时态的时间状语。‎ ‎72．by→of　with the help of sb.为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。‎ ‎73．year→years　these后自然接的是名词复数。‎ ‎74．had→have　由时间状语since then可知，本句要用现在完成时态。‎ ‎75．result前加a　as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果，因此”。‎ ‎76．somewhere→everywhere　由语境可知，此处表示“植物长得到处都是”，要用everywhere。‎ ‎77．taste→tasty　跟juicy并列的应该也是形容词。‎ ‎78．much→many　修饰名词复数fruits要用many。‎ ‎79．but去掉或but→yet　although/though引导让步状语从句，不能再由but连接并列句，但是可以用副词yet。‎ ‎80．wonderfully→wonderful　修饰名词tomatoes作定语，自然是要用形容词。‎ 第二节 书面表达 假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后，你想用英语给21st Century报社写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法：‎ ‎1．越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐，结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪；‎ ‎2．大家对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法；‎ ‎3．你认为中餐更健康，说出你的理由。‎ 注意：词数100左右。‎ 参考范文 Dear Editor，‎ Now，more and more students are getting fond of western fast food，and thus they take in too much sugar and fat.I don’t think it good for their health.‎ There are all kinds of foods in the world.Which one is healthier，the ‎ Chinese food or the western fast food? (1)Different people have different opinions(不同的人有不同的看法)．‎ In my opinion，the Chinese food is healthier.Firstly，the Chinese food contains a lot of fruits and green vegetables.(2) It is rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat(它富含纤维，糖和脂肪的含量少)．Secondly，the Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes，(3)which provide us with all kinds of nutrition(这能给我们提供各种各样的营养)．I think it is the healthiest food in the world.So many Chinese people can keep fit and have white teeth.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua