【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题七选五阅读类型10篇训练之六（14页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题七选五阅读类型10篇训练之六（14页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题七选五阅读类型10篇训练之六 ‎[一]‎ Is it necessary to learn when we are 50s, 60s or even 70s?Most people consider when they get retired, they are supposed to be completely laidback, do something fun, or hang around.___16___ It’s particularly important to the elderly.‎ Through learning, we know how to think, how to memorize, how to ask questions and even how to interact with others. According to a study, while we are learning, “the brain creates neural(神经)pathways” that make us smarter. ____17____ The more we learn, the mote new  neural pathways develop in our brains.‎ When it comes to learning, it doesn’t mean we must load ourselves with lots of knowledge. What we need to do is just learn something we like day in and day out. ____18____ Everyone learns from bottom to up. If we have an interest to learn, that desire will naturally push us to move forward.‎ As we feel worn out from learning, don’t be discouraged.____19____ An old saying goes, “Birds of a feather fly together.” As long as we have partners to learn all together, our learning excitement will come alive again. On the contrary, if we don’t learn, and choose to distance ourselves from other, we might be getting dumb, and slow; eventually, we lose energy, and life passion. Instead of being bored, dumb, why don’t we keep learning?‎ ‎____20____ More importantly, learning explores our life horizon, helps us build up our confidence; gradually, it leads us to a way of finding a sense of value and ach.‎ A. It’s never too old to learn.‎ B. Don’t worry if we cannot learn well.‎ C. You should set a high learning target.‎ D. Learning makes us understand how potential we are.‎ E. Look for a partner who has the same common interest as you do.‎ F. In other words, our brains are active as we learn something new.‎ G. However, the truth is that learning makes us energetic, and self-fulfilled.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F ‎ ‎18. B 19. E ‎ ‎20. D ‎【解析】活到老，学到老。学习使我们了解我们的潜能，帮助我们树立信心。‎ ‎16. G 根据上句：大多数人认为他们退休了，他们应该是完全放松的，做一些好玩的事情。再根据空格下句：这对老年人尤其重要。可知此空的意思应该是：然而，事实是，学习使我们充满活力，实现自我。根据句意可知选G。‎ ‎17. F 根据上句：当我们学习的时候，“大脑创造了神经通路”，使我们变得更聪明。再根据空格下句：我们学得越多，新的神经通路就会在大脑中发展。可知此空要表达的意思是：换句话说，我们的大脑在学习新事物时是活跃的。根据句意可知选F。‎ ‎18. B 根据下句：每个人都是自下而上学习的，也就是从基础学起。可知上句的意思是：如果我们学得不好，别担心。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎19. E 根据下句：俗话说：“鸟飞在一起。”可知上句要表达的意思是：找一个和你有共同兴趣的伙伴。根据句意可知选E。‎ ‎20. D 此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知此空的意思是：学习使我们了解我们的潜能。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。本题第5小题，此空位于句首，根据下文：学习探索我们的生活视野，帮助我们树立信心。可知与下文是一种并列关系，故选D。‎ ‎[二]‎ Helicopter parenting refers to a style of parents who are over focused on their children.‎ ‎ 36 For example, it can increase feelings of love and acceptance.However, helicopter parenting may be harmful to children’s development in the following ways.‎ Decreased confidence and selfesteem (自尊)．The message the parents’ overinvolvement sends to kids is “my parents don’t trust me to do this on my own”． 37 ‎ Increased anxiety.A study from the University of Mary Washington has shown that overparenting is associated with higher levels of child anxiety and depression.‎ Undeveloped problemsolving skills.If parents are always there to clean up a child’s mess or prevent the problem in the first place, how does the child ever learn to deal with loss, disappointment, or failure？ 38 ‎ Strengthened sense of entitlement (权利)．Children who have always had their social, academic, and athletic lives adjusted by their parents to best fit their needs can become accustomed to always having their way and thus they develop a sense of entitlement.‎ ‎ 39 Parents who always tie shoes, clear plates, and pack lunches, ‎ even after children are able to do the tasks, prevent their children from mastering these life skills themselves.‎ So, parents should let children struggle, allow them to be disappointed, and when failure occurs, help them to work through it. 40 Remember: taking one step back from solving children’s problems will help build the independent, and selfconfident kids.‎ A．Weakened life skills.‎ B．Damaged life experiences.‎ C．And this distrust leads to a lack of confidence.‎ D．Helicopter parenting has many benefits for children.‎ E．Parents should also let children do tasks they are physically and mentally able to do.‎ F．Making your 3yearold’s bed sounds reasonable, while making your 13yearold’s bed doesn’t.‎ G．Studies found helicopter parenting can make children feel less able in dealing with the stresses of life on their own.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了“直升机”式子女养育法的缺点，并提出了一些正确的养育方法。‎ ‎36．选D　从空后所举的例子可以判断，此处讲的是“直升机”式子女养育法的优点。故选D项。‎ ‎37．选C　前一句讲到父母过度参与的做法给孩子发出的信号是：父母不相信我能够独立完成这件事情。C项“这样一种不信任会导致孩子缺少信心”符合语境。‎ ‎38．选G　本段主要讲“直升机”式子女养育法不利于培养孩子应对失落感、失败等的能力。故G项符合语境。‎ ‎39．选A　本段需要一个主题句，应当在A和B之间选择。A项呼应本段中的“prevent their children from mastering these life skills”，故选A项。‎ ‎40．选E　本段主要介绍正确的养育子女的方法，故选E项。‎ ‎[三]‎ If you’re a firsttime language learner, you know that emotional (情感的) ups and downs is a normal situation.When you understand a concept or begin to comprehend the language, you may experience feelings of excitement.However, those are often followed by moments of disappointment and discouragement, during which you might feel as if you will never master the concepts and attain the ability to understand and communicate effectively. 36 ‎ ‎•Learn vocabulary effectively.‎ Vocabulary is the most important part of communication.The more words you know, the more you can say and understand.The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself.Purchase a set of 3×5 index cards (索引卡片) and cut them in half. 37 As you learn more information about each word, e．g.plural forms of nouns and principle parts of verbs, you can add these to the cards.‎ ‎• 38 ‎ Research shows that language students learn more effectively and acquire more when they study frequently and for shorter periods of time than if they study infrequently for extended periods of time. 39 This means, doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework the night before they are due.‎ ‎•Practice language actively.‎ ‎ 40 Say vocabulary words out loud, read passages in the text aloud, do pronunciation activities orally and not just mentally.Write out the answers to activities rather than gliding through them in your mind.Read aloud entire sentences in an activity rather than just reading a fillin response.Transferring language from your mind to your mouth is a skill that requires a great deal of practice.‎ A．Break study time into smaller periods.‎ B．Then use flash cards as a learning tool.‎ C．Try to study each day, and several times a day.‎ D．The timetested approaches are effective in your learning.‎ E．Write a word on the front and its English definition on the back.‎ F．Whenever possible, speak the language aloud rather than reciting silently to yourself.‎ G．Below are some approaches that will relieve your potential frustration and help you succeed in language learning.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为语言初学者提供了学习语言的三条建议。‎ ‎36．选G　根据上文提到的语言初学者会在学习语言的过程中遇到挫折，认为自己不可能掌握那些概念，也不能有效地进行交流的内容及下文给出的三条学习语言的建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故G项“下面是一些将缓解你潜在的挫折感，帮助你成功进行语言学习的方法”符合语境。‎ ‎37．选E　根据空后一句可知，当你学到更多有关每个单词的信息时，你可以把它们添加到卡片上，因此空处内容应涉及在卡片上记上某些东西，故E项“把单词写在卡片的正面，并把它的英语释义写在背面”符合语境。‎ ‎38．选A　根据本段内容可知，语言学习者把学习时间分成各个小段来频繁地学习比一次学习很长时间取得的效果要好，因此本段提供的学习方法应是把学习时间分成小段来进行学习，故A项符合语境。‎ ‎39．选C　根据空后一句可知，此处是在说每天应该做一些家庭作业而不是拖到最后一刻完成，故C项“试着每天都学习，并且一天学习多次”符合语境。‎ ‎40．选F　根据本段的小标题“Practice language actively.”可知，本段主要讲的是要积极地练习语言，故F项“只要有可能，大声地说出这门语言，而不是静静地背给自己听”符合语境。‎ ‎[四]‎ Ways to Respectfully Disagree It’s easier to agree than disagree. ___16___ Unfortunately, many of us either shy away completely from disagreements or lose it when things don’t go our way. These tips can help keep disagreements constructive.‎ Use “I’ to communicate how you feel, what you think and what you want or need.___17___ For example, telling your parents “You always remind me about my housework when you know I have much homework” has a very different tone from “I’m feeling pressured because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow?”‎ Listen to the other’s opinion.___18___ That makes it more likely that he or she will do the same for you. When the other person is talking, try to stop yourself from thinking about why you disagree or what you’ll say next.‎ ‎___19___ This is the important thing you can do to keep a conversation on track. Of course, it’s a huge challenge to stay calm when you feel angry about something, especially if their person you’re talking to gets heated.‎ ‎___20___ If you’ve ever been on the receiving end of someone’s put-downs (贬损的话), you know how valuable using respectful language and behavior can be. So instead of saying what you might be thinking (That’s a stupid idea!), try saying “I don’t agree, and here is why.”‎ Respect goes beyond difficult conversations, of course. Being helpful and considerate towards family members, teachers or coaches in our everyday actions helps us establish a foundation for those times when we might disagree.‎ A. Stay calm.‎ B. Look into the other’s eyes.‎ C. Using ‘you’ statements can sound aggressive.‎ D. Avoid putting down the other person’s ideas and beliefs.‎ E. Then you can calmly present your case and why you disagree.‎ F. Being a good listener shows that you respect the other person.‎ G. But we can learn a lot from conversations where we don’t agree.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. C ‎ ‎18. F 19. A ‎ ‎20. D ‎【解析】 本段告诉我们尊重不同意见的方式：用第一人称表达，倾听别人的意见，做一个好听众：当你被激怒时要保持冷静；避免贬低他人等。尊重是我们与他人建立关系的基础。‎ ‎16. G ‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断的能力。文章的标题为“Ways to Respectfully Disagree” （尊重不同意见的方式）根据空前的一句: 说不同意比说同意更难，空后：不幸的是我们中的许多人要么完全回避分歧，要么在意见不同时失去理智，下面这几点提示有助于我们建设性地处理分歧。分析七个选项可知G项（但是我们可以从我们有分歧的谈话中学到很多东西）符合题意。句意：说出不同意时非常难，但我们可从中学到很多东西，（所以不要回避），但不幸的是…。故选G项。‎ ‎17. C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断的能力。第一句“用第一人称来表达你的感受、你的想法和你想要的或需要的东西”。通过例子中的两种表达“You always remind me about my housework when you know I have much homework” has a very different tone from “I’m feeling pressured because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow?”可知用第一人称表达与第二人称表达结果不同，用第二人称有攻击性，用第一人称更好，分析选项C项（Using ‘you’ statements can sound aggressive.）。C项正好与第一句形成对比，故选C。‎ ‎18. F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断的能力。本段第一句“Listen to the other’s opinion.”听取别人的意见，就是要做个好听众。分析选项F项（Being a good listener shows that you respect the other person.）句意：倾听别人的意见，做一个好的倾听者就意味着你尊重别人。因此F项符合题意，故选F项。‎ ‎19. A 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断的能力。分析本段中内容可知：你能做的最重要 的事就是让你的谈话顺利。当然，当你对某事感到愤怒时，保持冷静是一个巨大的挑战，特别是当你和他们谈话时被激怒。由此可知本段的中心词是要“冷静”。分析选项可知A项stay calm（保持冷静）与本空相符，且有词复现。故选A。‎ ‎20. D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断的能力。如果你曾受到别人的奚落，你就知道使用有礼貌的语言和行为是多么有价值。由此可判断出避免贬低他人。分析选项可知D项Avoid putting down the other person’s ideas and beliefs.（避免贬低他人的信仰）与之相符，且有词的复现。故选D。‎ ‎[五]‎ Have you met your “other” self? 36 Lately, she has come alive in 3D and is stronger than ever.‎ She is insecure. When she sees others succeed, she begins to compare me to them. ‎ ‎ 37 What’s my purpose in life? What am I good at? Will anyone want to hire me?‎ She is afraid, so I lose my confidence and anxiety creeps in. I want to stay in bed all day, watch a movie, and forget I exist. I don’t want to be acknowledged, so I walk around campus with my head down, looking at the pavement. ‎ ‎ 38 She makes me feel that if I give, I lose. She questions everyone’s intentions. She doesn’t want to share. Favors make her feel uncomfortable. She doesn’t deserve them.‎ She makes me feel that everyone is against me, but how could that be? I realized I sounded paranoid(偏执的). 39 So, I followed advice from the CEO of General Electric, Jeff Immelt. He says he sometimes goes to bed feeling like a failure, but he has a private practice. Every morning in front of the bathroom mirror, he gracefully says to himself, “Hello handsome,” and is reborn.‎ The day after I learned about this practice, I started to remind myself to say no to my “other” self. I also found my “happy place” on campus: the lawn between Kresge Auditorium and the Student Center. 40 I am at MIT, my dream school. I look up at the dome, carrying a cup of coffee in the morning, ready for class. Hello handsome!‎ A. She is selfish.‎ B. She is ashamed.‎ C. If so, what is she like?‎ D. I begin to question myself.‎ E. I wanted this struggle to end.来源:学,科,网]‎ F. It’s a place that reminds me where I really am. ‎ G. No one likes to admit they have one, but I am starting to become well-acquainted with mine.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎36-40 GDAEF ‎[六]‎ If you sat up or had a poor night of sleep last night, you know it’s difficult to stay awake in class today. Your teacher’s voice might begin to sound like a lullaby（催眠曲）. 36 To keep yourself awake, some tips are worth trying in class.‎ Sit in the front of the room. Why? 37 Besides, it’ll be easier to pay attention and participate when you’re in the front. You’ll also be near the people who are more likely to participate, and the sound of their voices might keep you awake.‎ ‎ 38 Ask and answer questions and pay attention to the lecture. This will help if you’re tired or discouraged by the content of the lecture, because you can ask your teacher questions to get to the bottom of the problems. Talking will also keep you engaged and alert. It might be helpful to make a goal for yourself to answer or ask at least 3 questions per class. 39 For example, you might say “I didn’t understand the last part of the proof. Could you explain it again in more detail?”‎ Listen actively to the lesson. Active listening is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement of your mind as well as your body. 40 To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, pay close attention to what the speaker is saying and ask questions during a pause in the lecture.‎ A. Participate in class activities.‎ B. Develop interest in the subject.‎ C. If so, classrooms can be boring because you’re tired.‎ D. Keep silent all the time and try to catch as much information as possible.‎ E. To avoid annoying your teacher you should try to keep your questions on topic.‎ F. You’ll be more motivated to stay awake if you know that the teacher can see you easily.‎ G. Practicing active listening can help you keep your eyes open for the length of the lesson.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎36-40 CFAEG ‎[七]‎ If one thing on your wish-list is a stress-free holiday, then here are some shopping tips prepared for you, which will save both your time and money.‎ Don’t be tough on your brains. 36 Don’t be afraid to look for clues and ask for ideas. First, see whether the folks on your to-buy-for list have already dropped some valuable hints of their dreamed items. If you strike out, encourage your lucky recipients to post items they wish someone would buy for them. You can also find inspiration in the many online gift guides. 37 — Gifts for Dads, Gifts for Golfers and such. Then you’ll get the idea. ‎ ‎ 38 You really can enlist your own personal helpers. Don’t feel guilty about that—after all, Santa employs helpers too. Many stores have free professional shoppers who can pick out presents for you. We’re not talking just high-end stores such as Blooming-dale’s and Nordstrom. 39 They’re all hungry to win your business away from online retailers. But you’ll likely need an appointment, so call ahead or search stores’ websites for “personal shopping”. You’ll typically find a link on the home page under Contact Us or Services.‎ Have gifts delivered.Time is money, and for not a lot of money you can save a lot of time by having your gifts delivered right to your door. Some mom-and-pop shops offer delivery service while chain stores tend to charge for that, but it still might be worth paying for the convenience. 40 First go to postmates.com or download the free app and see whether it’s available in your area. Then type the name of a store into the search bar, click on the store, and enter the item you want.‎ A. Make an appointment ahead.‎ B. Can’t figure out what to buy?‎ C. Do you wish for a stress-free holiday?‎ D. Get someone else to do shopping for you.‎ E. They are typically organized by recipient, interest, and/or price range.‎ F. Others like Macy’s and J. Crew will also let you leave the shopping to them.‎ G. For local stores that don’t offer this convenience, try the Post-mates delivery service.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎36-40 BEDFG ‎ ‎[八]‎ Not all English is the same To many learners of English, it’s easy to think that all native speakers have no trouble communicating with one another.‎ ‎ 36 ‎ Well, it turns out that being a native English speaker from one country doesn’t mean that you’re able to perfectly understand a native English speaker from another country, and vice versa (反之亦然)‎ Take the UK and the US for example.‎ As a Briton, I grew up hearing American accents alongside British ones – on TV shows, movies and in songs. 37 and how they would eat “cookies” instead of “biscuits”. And it took me a while to figure out that the “trunk” (n. 后备箱) of a car is what us Britons call its “boot”.‎ The confusion didn’t stop at just vocabulary – 38 For example, when talking about shopping malls, Americans pronounce it “mawl” instead of “mal”. And for some reason that’s hard for Britons to understand, Americans remove the “H” sound from “herb”, pronouncing it “erb”.‎ These small differences may not change much in a day-to-day conversation between a Briton and an American. 39 Recently, for example, an American friend told me that she liked my pants. “You can see them?” I asked, shocked. Pants means “underpants” to most British people, which explains my horror.‎ ‎ 40 In the US, for example, a “bum” is a homeless person, while the same word in the UK is used to describe one’s backside（n.臀部）.‎ And, more amusingly, “trump” was only ever really used as a verb in the UK – meaning “to pass gas” – until the US’ current president came into the spotlight.‎ But as long as you can speak one version of English, it’s easy enough to understand any other – and any confusion just makes your day more interesting.‎ A. English is changing as it spreads around the world.‎ B. After all, English is English, isn’t it?‎ C. I soon noticed how Americans would put “gas” in their cars instead of “petrol” .‎ D. However, confusion can still happen every now and then.‎ E. There are different words that mean the difficult thing.‎ F. Some words can even be offensive (adj.无礼的) without you realizing it.‎ G. I discovered that many words are even pronounced differently.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎36-40: BCGDF ‎[九]‎ Whether it’s at work or home, we all get stressed out. 36 It also gets in the way of managing relationships and affects how you think and behave. Here are some ways to deal with stress, when it comes knocking your door.‎ Take deep breaths It is one of the easiest things you can do that produces immediate stress relief. 37 This has a direct effect on reducing stress or controlling anger felt by body, and mind.‎ ‎ 38 ‎ There is an eastern saying that joys double and sorrows halve when you share them with someone. Find someone you trust to discuss your stressful situation and pour your heart out. This will certainly help reduce your stress levels.‎ Spend time with nature Think about this. We are all part and product of nature, so isn't it natural that spending time with nature should have a restorative(恢复的) effect on us, similar to what a child feels when held by its mother! ‎39 A simple walk in the park should do wonders for our stressed mind, most of time.‎ Laugh stress away ‎ 40 Turn the corners of your mouth up into a smile and then give a laugh, even if it feels a little forced. Once you've had a laugh, asses(评价) how you're feeling. Are your muscles a little less tense? Do you feel more relaxed? That's the natural wonder of laughing.‎ A. Find someone to share B. Go ahead and give it a try.‎ C. Laughter is the best medicine.‎ D. Most stress is made up in our own mind.‎ E. We don't necessarily need to hike in woods.‎ F. Stress increases your risk of heart disease and stroke.‎ G. Deep breathing relaxes the tightened muscles and calms the mind.‎ ‎36—40 FGAEB ‎[十]‎ If one thing on your wish-list is a stress-free holiday, then here are some shopping tips prepared for you, which will save both your time and money.‎ Don’t be tough on your brains. 36 Don’t be afraid to look for clues and ask for ideas. First, see whether the folks on your to-buy-for list have already dropped some valuable hints of their dreamed items. If you strike out, encourage your lucky recipients to post items they wish someone would buy for them. You can also find inspiration in the many online gift guides. 37 — Gifts for Dads, Gifts for Golfers and such. Then you’ll get the idea. ‎ ‎ 38 You really can enlist your own personal helpers. Don’t feel guilty about that—after all, Santa employs helpers too. Many stores have free professional shoppers who can pick out presents for you. We’re not talking just high-end stores such as Blooming-dale’s and Nordstrom. 39 They’re all hungry to win your business away from online retailers. But you’ll likely need an appointment, so call ahead or search stores’ websites for “personal shopping”. You’ll typically find a link on the home page under Contact Us or Services.‎ Have gifts delivered.Time is money, and for not a lot of money you can save a lot of time by having your gifts delivered right to your door. Some mom-and-pop shops offer delivery service while chain stores tend to charge for that, but it still might be worth paying for the convenience. 40 First go to postmates.com or download the free app and see whether it’s available in your area. Then type the name of a store into the search bar, click on the store, and enter the item you want.‎ A. Make an appointment ahead.‎ B. Can’t figure out what to buy?‎ C. Do you wish for a stress-free holiday?‎ D. Get someone else to do shopping for you.‎ E. They are typically organized by recipient, interest, and/or price range.‎ F. Others like Macy’s and J. Crew will also let you leave the shopping to them.‎ G. For local stores that don’t offer this convenience, try the Post-mates delivery service.‎ 参考答案：36-40 BEDFG ‎