2020高考英语江苏专用版提分模拟卷（六）

2020高考英语江苏专用版提分模拟卷（六）

高考模拟卷(六)‎ 第一部分　听力(略)‎ 第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎21.As an American living in Tianjin for about 10 years，Chris says that it has been a to be a witness to China’s great progress.‎ A.privilege B.preference C.priority D.principle 答案　A 解析　考查名词辨析。句意为：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。privilege荣幸；preference偏爱；priority优先；principle原则。故A选项正确。‎ ‎22.Throughout its early years，what we now call hip hop without even having a name.‎ A.evolved B.is evolved C.had evolved D.evolves 答案　A 解析　考查动词的时态。句意为：在它的早期，我们现在所称的嘻哈音乐甚至都没有名字。根据throughout its early years可知，空处应用过去式，所以用evolved。故A项正确。‎ ‎23.Scarcely myself comfortable and closed my eyes when I heard the sound of the alarm.‎ A.I got B.I had got C.did I get D.had I got 答案　D 解析　句意为：我刚让自己舒服些，闭上眼睛，就听到了警报响起的声音。scarcely...when...是固定句型，意为“一……就……，刚刚……就……”。在该句型中，主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而从句谓语动词应用一般过去时；且scarcely位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，而when引导的从句不倒装。‎ ‎24.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied .‎ A.originally B.extremely C.violently D.intensively 答案　D 解析　originally最初地，原始地，独创地；extremely极端地，激进地；violently猛烈地，激 烈地；intensively加强地，集中地，深入细致地。句意为：雇主和雇员之间的关系已经被深入细致地研究过了。故选D。‎ ‎25.People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich，and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they if they got rich.‎ A.will do B.did C.do D.would do 答案　D 解析　考查虚拟语气。本句是指人们总是在梦想如果他们发财之后，他们会做什么。根据前句内容“People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich”可知叙述将来发生的事情，表示对将来的虚拟，主句用would/should/could/might do。故D项正确。‎ ‎26.A Chinese proverb has it that “A tower is built when soil on earth ，and a river is formed when streams come together.”‎ A.accumulates B.accelerates C.collapses D.loosens 答案　A 解析　考查动词辨析。句意为：中国有句谚语，“积土成塔，聚水成河。”accumulate积累；accelerate加速；collapse倒塌；loosen使变松。由“and a river is formed when streams come together”可知，前后两个句子为并列关系。所以accumulate“积累”符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎27.—That was rather a tough question.How did you get it right?‎ ‎—To tell the truth，I just .‎ A.burnt the midnight oil B.was left to sink or swim C.played it safe D.took a shot in the dark 答案　D 解析　考查习语辨析。句意为：——那个问题是相当难的。你是怎么答对的？——说实话，我只是瞎猜的。burn the midnight oil开夜车；be left to sink or swim孤注一掷；play it safe谨慎行事；take a shot in the dark瞎猜。由句意知D项符合语境。‎ ‎28.—I have to go now because I must be for class.‎ ‎—What a pity! See you!‎ A.modest B.punctual C.desperate D.adequate 答案　B 解析　考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：——我现在不得不走了，因为我必须准时去上课。——真遗憾！再见！modest谦虚的；punctual准时的；desperate绝望的；adequate 充足的，充分的。根据句意可知应选B。‎ ‎29.It is said that the only survivor in the car crash was badly injured.However，somehow the doctors managed to help him .‎ A.pull through B.put through C.look through D.break through 答案　A 解析　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：据说车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤。然而，医生们还是成功地帮他康复了。pull through(大病后)康复；put through为……接通电话；look through逐一查看，浏览；break through突破。根据前面的“车祸中唯一的生还者受了重伤”可推知，是重伤后的康复，故选A。‎ ‎30. related industries，Beijing will also commit to promoting the Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV) industry，whose future market is huge.‎ A.In virtue of B.In terms of C.On top of D.On behalf of 答案　C 解析　考查介词短语辨析。in virtue of通过，由于；in terms of就……而言；on top of除……之外；on behalf of代表。句意为：除了相关产业外，北京还将致力于推动未来市场巨大的智能互联汽车产业。根据句意可知C项正确。‎ ‎31.—What does the sign over there read?‎ ‎—“No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this restaurant.”‎ A.will B.shall C.need D.must 答案　B 解析　句意为：——那边的牌子上写着什么？——“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟斗。” shall在此处表示“规定”。‎ ‎32.Blog discussions may be closed to new comments， a message is displayed informing you of that.‎ A.in what case B.in that case C.in whose case D.in which case 答案　D 解析　考查定语从句。句意为：博客讨论也许会屏蔽新的评论，在这种情况下，会有消息通知你的。句中which case指代前面一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，in which case意为“在这种情况下……”。选项中what不能引导定语从句，that通常不能放在介词的后面，whose的语义不搭配。故D项正确。‎ ‎33.The mayor， writing the report，turned off the light，closed the door and went directly to his bedroom.‎ A.to finish B.finished C.finishing D.having finished 答案　D 解析　句意为：写完这份报告之后，市长关了灯和门，径直朝他的卧室走去。分析句子结构可知，空处应填非谓语动词，且The mayor与finish之间是主谓关系，再结合题干中的“turned off the light，closed the door and went directly to his bedroom”可知，finish所表示的动作发生在并列的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故空处应用现在分词的完成式。‎ ‎34.Try she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.‎ A.if B.when C.since D.as 答案　D 解析　as在此意为“虽然，尽管”，引导从句需用倒装语序，即把句中的形容词、副词、名词或者谓语动词提到as前面。故选D。‎ ‎35.—So you missed the wonderful lecture given by the famous professor?‎ ‎— .I got there 10 minutes before it finished.‎ A.You got me there B.You said it C.I hate to say it D.Not exactly 答案　D 解析　考查情景交际。You got me there你难住我了；You said it你说对了；I hate to say it我讨厌这么说；Not exactly不全是。句意为：——这么说你错过了那位著名教授的精彩演讲了？ ——不完全是。我在演讲结束前10分钟到达了那里。结合句意可知答案为D。‎ 第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ They may have text，email，Facebook and Twitter，but young people are still lonelier than any other age group.The Loneliness in New Zealand Report， 36 by Statistics New Zealand，shows under 30s are more 37 to feel lonely than older people because loneliness decreases with 38 .Loneliness and poor mental health were strongly 39 across all ages.Young people were not as likely to feel lonely because of 40 hardship，but among older people，lack of money has a significant 41 on loneliness.Women were more likely to feel lonely than men.‎ Philip Walker，spokesman 42 the General Social Survey，said because it was relatively new it was hard to know whether loneliness among young people was a new 43 .But overseas research has found that 44 of loneliness in youth today are growing.‎ Mr Walker said the 45 needed more exploration，including looking 46 the role of technology and social media.“It could be that people’s 47 of connection have gone up，so we expect increased levels of connection，” he said.“While 48 like cell phones could help young people stay 49 ，on the other hand for those who do get bullied，especially bullied online，it’s ‎ quite 50 .A lot of the time potentially it is a big 51 to loneliness.”‎ Figures from online dating website FindSomeone also 52 more young people were looking for 53 .Manager Rick Davies，said younger dating hopefuls were the fastest growing 54 on the site.‎ The Statistics New Zealand report also 55 people who didn’t have face-to-face contact with family and friends were more likely to feel lonely，as were those who lived alone.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述不同年龄段的人对孤独的感受情况。研究表明，年轻人比年龄大的人更容易感到孤独；女人也比男人容易觉得孤独；与家人和朋友缺少面对面的交流的人容易感到孤独。‎ ‎36.A.published B.announced C.found D.written 答案　A 解析　新西兰统计局的报告用“公布”恰当。publish出版，发表，公布；announce宣布，述说，预示，播报；find发现，找到；write书写。‎ ‎37.A.sure B.likely C.possible D.closed 答案　B 解析　句意为：三十岁以下的年轻人比年龄大一些的人更容易感到孤独。be likely to do意为“有可能做某事”；possible作表语时，主语不可以是表示人的单词，通常用it作表语。‎ ‎38.A.experience B.ability C.age D.knowledge 答案　C 解析　句意为：新西兰统计局公布的《新西兰孤独报告》显示了三十岁以下的年轻人比年龄大一些的人更容易感到孤独，因为孤独感随着年龄的增长而降低。根据than older people推出用age。‎ ‎39.A.hated B.related C.isolated D.cursed 答案　B 解析　孤独感和心理状况不佳在各个年龄段都有很强的相关性。related与……相关的，故选B。‎ ‎40.A.emotional B.employable C.educational D.financial 答案　D 解析　从下一句but后的内容可知这里说的是经济问题。句意为：年轻人不大可能因为经济困难而感到孤单。emotional情绪的，易激动的；employable适宜雇用的，有资格任职的；‎ educational教育的，有教育意义的；financial金融的，财政的，财务的。‎ ‎41.A.influence B.harm C.disturbance D.fear 答案　A 解析　句意为：但是对年龄大的人来说，缺少金钱会对孤独感产生很大的影响。influence影响，符合题意。‎ ‎42.A.from B.as C.for D.by 答案　C 解析　结合语境，此处指综合社会调查部门的发言人。from意为“出自；来自；从……起”，如果用from，spokesman前面需用冠词。as意为“作为；如同”，如果用as，则应该放在spokesman的前面。for意为“为；因为；代表”；by意为“靠近；通过；被；经由；不迟于”。‎ ‎43.A.trend B.direction C.choice D.fashion 答案　A 解析　句意为：(发言人)说因为对孤独感的研究是相对较新的，很难知道年轻人中的孤独感是否是新的趋势。从下一句可以推出A选项正确。trend意为“趋势，倾向；走向”。‎ ‎44.A.senses B.levels C.stories D.factors 答案　B 解析　根据growing可以推出B选项符合语境，level意为“水平；标准”。句意为：但国外研究发现，现在青年的孤独程度在上升。‎ ‎45.A.finding B.contradiction C.result D.experiment 答案　A 解析　根据上文中的overseas research可以推出A选项正确。句意为：沃克先生说这个研究的结果需要更多的探索……。finding调查(或研究)的结果；contradiction矛盾，反驳；result结果，成绩；experiment实验，试验。‎ ‎46.A.for B.on C.about D.at 答案　D 解析　句意为：沃克先生说这个研究的结果需要更多的探索，包括考虑科技和社交媒体的作用。look for寻找，期望；look on看作，认为是……(接as)；look about四下里看，环顾；look at看，考虑。‎ ‎47.A.expectations B.imaginations C.civilization D.innovation 答案　A 解析　句意为：这可能是人们对人际关系的期待上升了，所以我们希望联系的紧密程度增加。expectation期待，预期；imagination想象，想象力；civilization文明，文化；innovation创新，革新。‎ ‎48.A.transport B.technology C.information D.channels 答案　B 解析　根据第三段第一句中的“the role of technology and social media”和空后的“like cell phones”可以推出B选项为正确选项。transport运输；technology技术，工艺；information信息，资料；channel通道，频道，海峡。‎ ‎49.A.connected B.knowledgeable C.comfortable D.informed 答案　A 解析　根据上文中的“connection have gone up”可以推出A选项为正确选项，connected意为“连接的；有联系的；连贯的”。句意为：尽管像手机这样的科技能够使年轻人处于联系当中……。‎ ‎50.A.isolating B.useful C.frightening D.exciting 答案　A 解析　句意为：……另一方面，对于那些受到欺负的人，尤其是网上受欺负的人，这是非常孤立的。isolating孤立的，绝缘的；useful有用的，有益的；frightening令人恐惧的；exciting令人兴奋的，使人激动的。‎ ‎51.A.contribution B.contributor C.introduction D.help 答案　B 解析　句意为：大部分情况下，这也是人感到孤独的一个潜在原因。contribution贡献，捐献；contributor贡献者，投稿人，原因；introduction介绍，引见；help帮助。‎ ‎52.A.confirmed B.noticed C.informed D.expressed 答案　A 解析　由本空后的较年轻的约会者增长最快，可推知这个网站的数据证实了越来越多的年轻人在寻找爱，故选A，confirm意为“证实，确认”。‎ ‎53.A.comfort B.friendship C.love D.support 答案　C 解析　参考上题解析。‎ ‎54.A.students B.consumers C.candidates D.group 答案　D 解析　较年轻的约会者是所有约会人员中的一个特定群体，故选D。group组，团体。‎ ‎55.A.showed B.told C.disclosed D.suggested 答案　A 解析　句意为：新西兰统计局的报告还表明没与家人和朋友面对面接触的人更容易感到孤独。show表明，证明；tell告诉，辨别；disclose公开，揭露；suggest提议，建议。‎ 第三部分　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Book in a Box What is BIAB?‎ Creating a book in the traditional way is painful.The process is confusing and time-consuming.At Book in a Box，we solve that problem.We have created a new process to turn your idea into a book，which only requires you to spend about 50 hours on the phone and takes about seven months.Not only that，but the book is entirely your ideas，your words and in your voice.‎ How it works In short，we interview you.You use your voice to get your ideas into a book，instead of your fingers.‎ Our process updates the ancient scribe model in a systematic and modern way to get you a book that is entirely your ideas，in your words，and even your voice—but much easier than doing it yourself.‎ Book in a Box Promises ‎1.We won’t work with you unless we believe in your book’s ideas.‎ ‎2.Your book will be professional.‎ ‎3.Your book will be your ideas，words，and voice.‎ ‎4.Your book will have a marketing plan.‎ PRICING：US$25K The Book in a Box package includes all the elements required to take your ideas and turn them into a professionally published book.‎ ‎1.Completed Book Manuscript Comprehensive interviews to get all your ideas out of your head.‎ The content of your book drafted with your words，revised with your changes and fully proofread.‎ ‎2.Published Book A beautifully designed cover and interior layout (including up to 10 images) in both paperback and e-book formats.‎ Full rights ownership，including 100% of royalties，with the ability to order unlimited copies at cost (with an initial 50-copy gift from us).‎ ‎3.Distribution and Marketing Printing and distribution through all major online retailers.‎ Marketing and promotion to become an Amazon best-seller.‎ A scheduled podcast interview on you and your book.‎ Major media press with content based on your interview.‎ ‎4.Add-ons and Extras Hardcover version (with 50 copies)：US $2,500‎ Audio book：US $5,000‎ Multiple authors(2＋)：US $2,000 per author ‎56.How does BIAB help customers create a book?‎ A.It translates their main ideas，words and voices into a book.‎ B.It creates a system to turn the customers’ voice into words.‎ C.It helps them solve the problems they have in the process.‎ D.It collects the information that they need for the book.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。综合How it works中的内容可知，BIAB通过采访客户来得到他们的想法，然后再使用系统而现代的方式创作出一本书。故选项A符合题意。‎ ‎57.What services does BIAB offer?‎ a.Editing.‎ b.Designing.‎ c.Reading and correcting.‎ d.Printing.‎ e.Arranging an interview on the book.‎ f.Marketing.‎ A.a，b，c，d，e B.a，b，d，e，f C.b，d，f D.a，b，c，d，e，f 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Book in a Box Promises部分的内容可知，BIAB 提供编辑、设计、校对、印刷、采访以及营销等服务。故选项D符合题意。‎ B When it’s five o’clock，people leave their office.The length of the workday，for many workers，is defined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.‎ These days，the time is everywhere：not just on clocks or watches，but on cell-phones and computers.That may be a bad thing，particularly at work.New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale(士气) and creativity.‎ Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example：a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m.，research from 10 a.m. to noon，etc.On the other hand，task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list，each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.‎ What，then，are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways？Does one make us more productive？Better at the tasks at hand？Happier？In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier，they had participants organize different activities—from project planning，holiday shopping，to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs “task time”.They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task timers are happier and more creative，but less productive.They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening，and seize opportunities that come up.‎ The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture.Smart companies，they believe，will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.‎ This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office，but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy：work organized by clock time.While most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock-timers，task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.It’ll make those tasks easier，and the task-doers will be happier.‎ 语篇解读　朝九晚五，这是许多单位都采用的工作模式。本文阐述了钟点式工作模式与任务完成式工作模式的好处与坏处，建议公司可以把这两种工作模式相结合，以求效益的最大化。‎ ‎58.What is the way many workers often do their work?‎ A.They adopt task-based planning style.‎ B.They follow clock-based work style.‎ C.They choose to do tasks to their taste.‎ D.They prefer the most creative task on hand.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The length of the workday，for many workers，is defined by time.”可以看出，许多工人执行的是由时间界定的工作方式。‎ ‎59.Smart companies nowadays are supposed to .‎ A.put work efficiency above everything else B.carry out clock-based strategies to the letter C.improve the quality of workers’ life at any cost D.adopt more task-based practice of management 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Smart companies，they believe，will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.”可知，明智的公司会尝试在他们的策略中加入更多的基于任务的计划，因此可以推出这些公司将会更多地运用任务式的管理方式。‎ ‎60.What is the best title for the passage?‎ A.Clock Time or Task Time?‎ B.Tasks Keep Workers More Productive C.Keep a Balance Between Work and Life D.Perform Happy and Creative Jobs Now 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。综合文章大意可知，本文主要是阐述钟点式工作模式和任务完成式工作模式这两种不同的管理方式，分析了其各自的优缺点，故选项A符合文章主题。‎ C Whales，seals and walruses stay warm in chilly water because they have a thick layer of blubber(鲸脂).We humans rely on something like blubber—neoprene rubber(氯丁橡胶) wetsuits—to spend time in cold water.But the thick versions for really icy water are heavy and ungainly.So rather than taking after big marine mammals，what if we could learn from the little ones，like beavers(海狸) and otters(水獭)?‎ ‎“These animals are quite small and they can’t carry around a thick layer of blubber.So instead they have fur that is evolved to trap air，and this air provides a layer of insulation for them in water.”‎ Alice Nasto is a graduate student in mechanical engineering at MIT.Scientists have known about this air-trapping insulation mechanism for a long time，but they had not teased out the details of how it works.So Nasto and her colleagues took on the challenge.‎ ‎“We’re creating these furry samples from these rubbery materials by laser cutting molds and casting these hairy surfaces.And through our approach we can precisely control the spacing of the hairs and the length of the hairs.”‎ The researchers then created a system to gather data when their pelts entered and moved ‎ through a liquid—in this case not water，but silicone oil，which makes it easier to see air bubbles.The key is to keep the pelt’s air layer intact.‎ ‎“So when they’re crossing the air water interface，initially their hairy texture is full of air.And then you go into water.How much of the air comes down with you as you’re moving in through the interface.So that’s what this model will tell you.”‎ They found that the denser the hairs，the more the air get trapped，which should keep the animal—or potentially the human in a future furry wetsuit—warm.The research is in the journal Physical Review Fluids.‎ ‎“What we would like to work on moving forward is understanding，after you dive into the water，how do you maintain this air layer trapped in your fur.And there’s lots of interesting properties of the fur in nature that we haven’t yet looked at in our model that could help explain how this mechanism might work.”‎ So for now，cold-water divers and surfers will still emulate seals or sea lions.But the day may come when they’ll more closely resemble otters or beavers.Or even a Wookiee on a boogie board.‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇科普类文章。文章叙述了体积较小的海洋哺乳动物在寒冷的水中如何保持身体温暖，以及麻省理工学院机械工程专业的一名研究生爱丽丝·纳斯托和她的同事们所做的进一步的研究。‎ ‎61.The passage is most probably taken from .‎ A.a story book B.a newspaper C.a travel book D.a science magazine 答案　D 解析　文章出处题。由文章的主要内容可知，这是一篇科普说明文。因此最有可能发表在科学杂志上。‎ ‎62.Which of the following is TRUE in the passage?‎ A.Scientists have just known about this air-trapping insulation mechanism.‎ B.The denser the hairs，the more the air can be carried with.‎ C.The researchers have studied how this air-trapping insulation mechanism might work.‎ D.Cold-water divers and surfers can emulate otters or beavers now.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“They found that the denser the hairs，the more the air get trapped.”可知，毛发的密度越大，存留的空气越多。故选B。‎ ‎63.What can make the little mammals keep warm in cold water?‎ A.A thick layer of blubber.‎ B.An air-trapping insulation mechanism.‎ C.A fur that is evolved to trap air.‎ D.A neoprene rubber wetsuit.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So instead they have fur that is evolved to trap air，and this air provides a layer of insulation for them in water.”可知，使它们能在冰水中保持温暖的是进化出的可以存留空气的皮毛。故选C。‎ ‎64.What is the best title for the passage?‎ A.A Fantastic Layer of Fur B.An Important Research C.A Wonderful Mechanism D.A Thick Layer of Blubber 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要叙述了体积较小的海洋哺乳动物在寒冷的水中利用自己的皮毛保持体温温暖，以及爱丽丝·纳斯托及其同事对它的进一步的研究。故选项A是正确答案。‎ D ‎“What is civilization？” asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the BBC series on the subject.“I don’t know，and I can’t define it in abstract terms，yet.But I think I can recognise it when I see it，and I’m looking at it now.” And he turned to gesture behind him，at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame.‎ It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people.That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flame has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1,000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt.Yet the widespread，intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s collapsing steeple(尖塔) is in fact profoundly human—and in a particularly 21st-century way.‎ It is not just the economy that is global today，it is culture too.People wander the world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history.A building on whose sunny steps you have rested，in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one，becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself.That helps explain why China is in mourning—WeChat，young China’s principal means of talking to itself，has been throbbing with the story，and Xi Jinping，the country’s president，sent a message of condolence(慰问) to Emmanuel Macron，his French counterpart—while India was largely indifferent.Tourism from India to the West is a stream compared with the flood from China.‎ This visual age has blessed beauty with new power，and social media have turned great works of art into superstars.Only a few，though，have achieved this status.Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors，so the number of globally recognisable cultural symbols is tiny: the Mona Lisa，Michelangelo’s David，the Taj Mahal，the Great Pyramid—and Notre ‎ Dame.Disaster，too，is visual.In the 24 hours after the fire started videos on social media of the burning cathedral were viewed nearly a quarter of a billion times.‎ Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean.Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best.Nobody could look up into that vaulted ceiling without wondering at the genius of the thousands of anonymous craftsmen who，over a century and a half，realised a vision so grand in its structural ambition and so delicate in its hand-chiselled detail.Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence—through war，revolution and Nazi occupation—binds the present to the past.‎ The fire also binds people to each other.The outpouring of emotion it has brought forth is proof that，despite the dark forces of division now abroad，we are all in it together.When nationalism is a rising threat，shared sadness makes borders suddenly irrelevant.When politics is polarised，a love of culture has the power to unite.When extremism divides Muslim from Christian and religious people from atheists，those of all faiths and none are mourning together.An edifice(宏伟建筑) built for the glory of God also represents the unity of the human spirit.‎ And it will be rebuilt.The morning after the fire，the many Parisians who went to the cathedral to mourn its destruction found comfort instead.Although the spire is gone，the towers are still standing and it seems likely that the whole building can be revived.The effort to rebuild it，like the fire，will bring people together.Within 24 hours，6000m ($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people，and a lot of crowd-funding campaigns started.A high-resolution laser scan of the building，carried out recently，should help.‎ It will never be the same，but that is as it should be.As Victor Hugo wrote in The Hunchback of Notre Dame，a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral：“Great edifices，like great mountains，are the work of centuries.Art is often transformed as it is being made...Time is the architect，the nation is the builder.”‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。人类文明延续至今，已经有几千年的历史，正是有了这些伟大艺术的存在，人类才能超越个体的短暂，让精神长存。像巴黎圣母院这样的建筑不仅是法国人民的骄傲，也是全人类的瑰宝。火灾发生后，全世界的人们为巴黎圣母院哀悼，并为它的修复贡献自己的力量。‎ ‎65.What do the first two paragraphs imply?‎ A.We should feel guilty about ignoring the floods in southern Africa.‎ B.People in modern times tend to care a lot about history and civilization.‎ C.The destruction of a historic building is more serious than the loss of life.‎ D.The human civilization is gone with the burning of Notre Dame Cathedral.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。由前两段可知，“但我想当我看到它的时候我能认出它，现在我正在看它。”他转过身来，指向身后高耸的哥特式塔楼和高耸的巴黎圣母院。比起关心人，更关心建筑似乎有违人道主义。然而，实际上，看到大教堂尖塔倒塌，那种广泛深刻的悲痛正是人性深刻的体现，这是一种二十一世纪的独特方式。所以前两段暗示出，在现代，人们往往更加关心历史和文明。故B选项正确。‎ ‎66.Which of the following can explain why China and India respond differently to the cathedral on fire?‎ A.Familiarity produces affection.‎ B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.‎ D.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由第三段可知，如今，不仅经济全球化，文化也走向全球化。人们漫游世界，不仅仅为了寻求工作和安全，也为寻找美好和历史。一个建筑，如果你曾在它洒满阳光的台阶上休息，曾一起和爱人在它前面自拍，那么它就会成为你记忆中温暖的一部分，因此成为你的一部分。中国游客如洪水般涌进西方各国，相比之下，印度前往西方的游客数量可谓是涓涓细流。所以A选项“熟会生爱”可以解释为什么中国和印度对巴黎圣母院着火的反应不同。故A选项正确。‎ ‎67.The cultural symbols in the fourth paragraph are mentioned to prove that .‎ A.news has wings in the age of social media nowadays B.only a few cultural symbols can become world-famous C.disasters become more powerful with some visual effect D.cultural symbols have taken on new meanings in the visual age 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这个视觉时代赋予美以新能量，社交媒体将艺术名作变成了巨星。然而，只有少数作品获得了这种地位。正如世界著名演员屈指可数，因此，全球可识别文化标志性艺术作品也很少，主要有：《蒙娜丽莎》、米开朗基罗的《大卫》、泰姬陵、大金字塔，以及巴黎圣母院。灾难也进行了视觉呈现。大火发生后的24小时内，社交媒体上关于燃烧的巴黎圣母院视频点击量近2.5亿次。所以社交媒体的力量是巨大的，他能将全球可识别文化标志迅速传播。故判断出第四段中提到的文化标志证明当今社交媒体时代的新闻传播速度之快。故A选项正确。‎ ‎68.When the cathedral was on fire，people felt most painful about .‎ A.the destruction of its artistic and time-honored ceiling B.the fading of its structure with carefully made details C.the loss of the link between the past and the present D.the death of the unknown craftsmen who created it 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“ Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence—through war，revolution and Nazi occupation—binds the present to the past.”可知，巴黎圣母院经历了 850 年的风云变幻，包括政治动荡、战争、革命以及纳粹占领，她连接着过去和现在。当大教堂着火时，人们感到最痛苦的是人们失去了过去和现在之间的联系。故C选项正确。‎ ‎69.Which of the following about what happened after the fire is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A.Technological support is more important than anything else in the rescue work.‎ B.The fire has united people in the world to focus on the restoration of the cathedral.‎ C.Donations were made overnight，most of which were from the rich businesses and people.‎ D.Influenced by the disaster，people with different beliefs have abandoned their prejudices.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由最后两段可知。重建工作也将人们团结在一起。所以，这场大火使全世界的人团结起来，集中精力修复大教堂。故B选项正确。‎ ‎70.Victor Hugo’s words are quoted in the last paragraph to prove that .‎ A.Notre Dame like any other art should be transformed B.time heals everything and we will soon forget the sorrow C.the rebuilt Notre Dame will not enjoy the same reputation D.time constantly gives Notre Dame new meaning and value 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，正如维多克·雨果曾为巴黎圣母院写的三卷情书——《巴黎圣母院》中所写的那样，伟大的建筑，宛如巍峨的山峦，是时间的杰作。在创作艺术的过程中，艺术常常会被改变……时光是建筑师，国家是建设者。所以通过雨果所说话的内容可以判断出最后一段引用了雨果的话来证明，时间不断地赋予圣母院新的意义和价值。故D选项正确。‎ 第四部分　任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。‎ It’s Dangerous to Wear Sleep Deprivation as a Badge of Honor Being over-tired doesn’t feel good.Sleep deprivation comes with a cranky malaise，yet most of us continue to behave as if it’s no big deal that we are often exhausted.In fact，many of us wear our sleep deprivation as a badge of honor.We glamorize our ability to pull all-nighters and burn the candle at both ends because we are a nation built on the notion that if you snooze you lose—or，as the late Warren Zevon put it，I’ll sleep when I’m dead.We look at sleep as a barrier to success，fun，and self-fulfillment，even though sleep deprivation is physiologically and psychologically ‎ dangerous.It’s time to face up to the risks associated with our culture of sleep deprivation.‎ Most of us are familiar with the first signs of sleep deprivation，such as feeling irritable，having difficulty concentrating，and suffering from fatigue.Instead of resting，though，we drink another cup of coffee and power through.‎ Unfortunately，the cumulative impact of sleep deprivation is more dangerous than generally acknowledged.A body of sleep research shows that lack of sleep can be responsible for depression，anxiety，stress，and panic attacks，as well as a myriad of health problems，including heart disease，diabetes，migraines，increased risk for cancer，strokes，and dementia.‎ The belief that sleep is a barrier to self-development runs deep in our culture.Dale Carnegie，the father of self-improvement，wrote in the 1930s，“If you can’t sleep，then get up and do something instead of lying there and worrying.It’s the worry that gets you，not the lack of sleep.” But there’s a hitch.FOMO can lead to poor decision making and illness.‎ One of the greatest barriers to combatting our culture of sleep deprivation is the long-held notion that success is linked to burning the midnight oil.Shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis quipped，“If you sleep three hours less each night for a year，you will have an extra month and a half to succeed in.”‎ But equating lack of sleep with productivity is a slippery slope.Yes，more hours awake may equal more output at the start，but over the long term，there are significant risks to your own health and others.For example，Barnes and Hollenbeck examined the impact of sleep deprivation on work teams and found a host of negative effects，including a reduced ability to process information，learn，and perform new tasks.‎ The bravado of workaholics is undermined by research.In fact，some of the worst accidents in history，including the Chernobyl and Three-Mile Island nuclear disasters，were caused by team error between the hours of 2－4 a.m.，a time when people are especially likely to be sleep deprived.Similarly，loss of human life on highways and railways，in the air，and in our hospitals have been linked to human exhaustion.Instead of clapping employees on the back for working overtime，it’s time for employers to encourage them to go home and get some rest at the end of their shifts.There’s no reason to wear sleep deprivation like a badge of honor.Sleep doesn’t make us miss out or get left behind.Quite the opposite：being well-rested allows us to live richly and experience all that life has to offer.‎ Current 71. ‎ ‎72. the fact that sleep deprivation comes with a bad temper，the majority of people still think it no big deal that we are burnt out.73. ，many of us consider it as a badge of honor.‎ ‎74. for sleep ‎ The concept that sleep is a barrier to success and success is ‎ deprivation built on staying up runs deep in our culture.‎ ‎75. of sleep deprivation on us ‎•A large quantity of research indicates that lack of sleep can bring about many health problems，76. and physically.‎ ‎•Working overtime may equal more output at the beginning，but in the long run，it will 77. to a low productivity and a reduced ability.‎ ‎78. ‎ It’s dangerous to wear sleep deprivation as a badge of honor.On the 79. ，a good sleep enables us to lead a 80. life.‎ 语篇解读　大量的研究表明睡眠不足会导致很多心理和身体健康问题，并且会导致生产力低下以及能力下降。充足的睡眠不会让我们失去什么，恰恰相反，它可以让我们生活得更充实。‎ ‎71.答案　situation 解析　综合全文尤其是第一段的内容可知，该部分主要讲述了睡眠不足的现状。故situation符合题意。‎ ‎72.答案　Despite 解析　根据第一段的“Sleep deprivation comes with a cranky malaise，yet most of us continue to behave as if it’s no big deal that we are often exhausted.”可知，睡眠不足会带来坏脾气，但是我们多数人继续表现得仿佛我们常常筋疲力尽没什么大不了。由yet可知Despite符合题意。‎ ‎73.答案　Actually 解析　根据第一段的“In fact，many of us wear our sleep deprivation as a badge of honor.”可知，事实上，我们将睡眠不足看作佩戴在身上的荣誉勋章。由In fact可知应填其近义词Actually。‎ ‎74.答案　Reason 解析　根据第一段的“We glamorize our ability to pull all-nighters and burn the candle at both ends because we are a nation built on the notion that if you snooze you lose...”，第四段的“The belief that sleep is a barrier to self-development runs deep in our culture.”以及第五段的“One of the greatest barriers to combatting our culture of sleep deprivation is the long-held notion that success is linked to burning the midnight oil.”可知，人们长期以来的观念认为睡眠是成功的障碍并且成功建立在熬夜的基础之上，显然这就是睡眠不足的原因。故Reason符合题意。‎ ‎75.答案　Impacts 解析　综合第三段和第六段的内容尤其是第三段的“Unfortunately，the cumulative impact of sleep deprivation is more dangerous than generally acknowledged.”‎ 可知，睡眠不足积累的影响比通常认为的更危险。由此可见，该部分讲述了睡眠不足对我们造成的影响。故Impacts符合题意。‎ ‎76.答案　mentally/psychologically 解析　根据第三段的“A body of sleep research shows that lack of sleep can be responsible for depression，anxiety，stress，and panic attacks，as well as a myriad of health problems，including heart disease，diabetes，migraines，increased risk for cancer，strokes，and dementia.”可知，大量的研究表明睡眠不足会导致很多心理和身体健康问题。故mentally或psychologically符合题意。‎ ‎77.答案　lead/contribute 解析　根据第六段的“more hours awake may equal more output at the start，but over the long term，there are significant risks to your own health and others”可知，加班工作在一开始可能等同于更多的产出，但是从长远来看，它会导致生产力低下以及能力下降。故lead/contribute符合题意。‎ ‎78.答案　Conclusion 解析　此处是总结全文论点。综合全文可知，将睡眠不足看作佩戴在身上的荣誉勋章是危险的。故Conclusion符合题意。‎ ‎79.答案　contrary 解析　根据最后一段的“Sleep doesn’t make us miss out or get left behind.Quite the opposite：being well-rested allows us to live richly and experience all that life has to offer.”可知，睡眠不会让我们失去什么或者落后。恰恰相反，充足的休息可以让我们活得充实。由Quite the opposite可知contrary符合题意。‎ ‎80.答案　rich 解析　根据最后一段的“being well-rested allows us to live richly and experience all that life has to offer”可知，良好的睡眠能够让我们过上充实的生活。由live richly可知rich正确。‎ 第五部分　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎81.请认真阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ The Kilquhanity School was founded in 1940 by John Aitkenhead and aimed to provide alternative education for ordinary schools.John Aitkenhead felt that education in ordinary schools was too authoritarian.In 1997 after failing an inspection，the Kilquhanity School was closed.Now，the school hopes to reopen after so many years.‎ The school offers pupils the possibility to choose to study their preferred subjects when they want.They can also choose whether or not to do homework and take exams.‎ Former pupil Andrew Pyle，now head teacher at Kilquhanity，said，“If Kilquhanity can offer you anything，it is the ability to adapt to the uncertain futures that our children probably are going to face.”‎ Many parents choose to pay fees for private and boarding schools to guarantee a high standard of education for their children which would lead them to have a successful future.The conventional school system at present has compulsory subjects as well as optional subjects to study，whereas Kilquhanity appears to have only optional subjects that children can choose to study all day if they wish.‎ 写作内容 ‎1.用约30个单词概括上述材料的主要内容；‎ ‎2.用约120个单词就“学生自由选择所学课程”发表你的看法，内容包括：‎ ‎(1)你对Kilquhanity让学生自由选择所学课程的看法；‎ ‎(2)结合自身实际，说明你赞同或反对的理由；‎ ‎(3)总结。‎ 写作要求 ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ 评分标准 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ 参考范文 The Kilquhanity School was once open for over 50 years in history，which now hopes to reopen.It mainly differs from ordinary schools in the aspect of subjects to study.‎ In general，I am not in favor of the policy of Kilquhanity，giving children rights to choose the subjects to study.‎ We children are not mature.And we can’t realize the importance of the subjects that we must learn though we don’t love them，or even hate them.For example，I didn’t like maths when I was in elementary school.However，my school made it a compulsory subject and I had to learn it.Although I was not good at it，I gained the basic knowledge of it.Now，I realize that it is quite useful in daily life.But if they let the children，like me，choose the subjects according to their interests，many will end up growing without basic mathematic knowledge.‎ All in all，letting children choose what they like is not a good idea for the comprehensive development of them.‎