2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Earthquakes单元学案(25页word版)

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2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Earthquakes单元学案(25页word版)

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit4Earthquakes单元学案 ‎[重点词汇]‎ right away ‎ 立刻,马上 ‎1. Did you get dressed right away? 你马上就穿衣服了吗?‎ ‎2. I will set off right away. 我将立刻出发。‎ ‎3. I'll have it sent right away. 我会立刻把它(拍送)出去。‎ ‎4. She wanted to know why I didn't tell her right away that she had the wrong number. Before I could answer her, she hung up. 她想知道为什么我不马上告诉她她的电话号码错了。我还没来得及回答,她就挂上了电 话。‎ ‎5. I want it typed right away, please. 请立刻把它打印出来。‎ ‎6. If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away. 如果战争爆发, 我们将立即被征召服役。‎ ‎7. The storm will blow over right away. 暴风雨很快就会平息。‎ ‎8. He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。‎ rise ‎ n. 上升,增加,小山 v. 升起,起身,上升,(日、月、星)升起 ‎1. I am reading a book about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. 我正在看一本关于罗马帝国兴衰的书。‎ ‎2. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。‎ ‎3. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,在西方落下。‎ ‎4. Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on Easter Sunday. 基督徒相信耶稣在那个星期日(后定为复活节)里复活了。‎ ‎5. She rose above her difficulties and became a tremendous success. 她战胜了重重困难,取得了巨大的成功。‎ ‎6. At the top of the rise they paused for a rest. 他们在小山的顶部停下来休息。‎ ‎7. The wind is rising — I think there's a storm coming. 风越刮越猛——大概要来暴风雨了。‎ ‎8. The river has risen (by) several metres. 河水上涨了好几米。‎ ‎[词义辨析] arise, rise, raise, arouse arise 产生,出现。如:Before they went out, a mist arose. ‎ rise 上升。如:The sun rises in the east. ‎ raise 举起,升起,提出。如:A sunken ship was raised to the surface of the sea. ‎ arouse 唤醒,引起,激起。如:His behavior aroused suspicion. ‎ ‎(注:四个词中,arise与rise为不及物动词) ‎ A completely new situation will when the examination system comes into existence. (95.6) ‎ A) arise B) rise C) raise D) arouse ‎ 译文:这种考试制度一旦出现,将会出现一个崭新的局面。答案是A。 ‎ Our hopes and fell in the same instant. (01.6) ‎ A) arose B) raised C) rose D) aroused ‎ 译文:一瞬间我们的希望升起又落下了。答案是C。 ‎ burst ‎ n. 破裂,阵,爆发 v. 爆裂,突发 ‎1. The square is bursting with tourists. 广场上到处都是游客。‎ ‎2. I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。‎ ‎3. There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。‎ ‎4. The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。‎ ‎5. I've eaten so much I'm bursting at the seams. 我吃得太多了,肚子都要撑破了。‎ ‎6. May I use your lavatory I'm bursting! ie I need to urinate urgently. 我可以用用你们的厕所吗--我实在憋不住了。‎ ‎7. The police burst in (through the door) and arrested the gang. ‎ ‎ 警察突然闯进(房门)逮捕了那帮人。‎ ‎8. Water-pipes often burst in cold weather. 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。‎ at an end ‎ 结束 ‎1. The war was at an end. 战争结束了.‎ ‎2. I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我必须警告你,我已忍无可忍了。‎ ‎3. Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at last at an end. 我们想寻找一幢便宜些但要大些的房子的事终于有了结果。‎ ruin ‎ n. (pl.)废墟,毁灭 v. 毁坏,破坏 vi. (使)破产,毁灭 vt. 毁坏,毁灭 ‎1. The castle now lies in ruins. 城堡现在已成了一片废墟了。‎ ‎2. The rain ruined my painting. 这场雨把我的画给毁了。‎ ‎3. His rashness led ultimately to his ruin. 他的急燥卤莽最终导致了他的毁灭。‎ ‎4. He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。‎ ‎5. Ruin was staring her in the face. 她眼看就要倾家荡产了。‎ ‎6. The castle has fallen into ruin. 那城堡已破败不堪。‎ ‎7. It poured with rain and my dress got/was ruined. 大雨倾盆, 我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。‎ ‎8. Gambling was his ruin. 他堕落是因为好赌。‎ injure ‎ v. 伤害,使...受冤屈 ‎1. She was injured badly in the accident. 她在事故中受重伤。‎ ‎2. He injured his left hand in a fire. 他在火灾中伤了左手。‎ ‎3. He that spare the bad injure the good. 饶恕了恶人,伤害了好人。‎ ‎4. Don't injure yourself with that tool. 不要让那工具伤害到你。‎ ‎[词义辨析] harm,damage,injure,hurt harm 的含义侧重于“损害,伤害”,可指精神或肉体的伤害,程度较轻,如:Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在暗淡的灯光下看书而伤害了眼睛。‎ injure指“损害,受伤”,着重容貌、机能的损坏,例如:She was injured badly in the accident. 事故中她受了伤。‎ damage意为“破坏,损坏”,如:Hundreds of houses were damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了数百家房屋。‎ hurt指“伤害;刺痛”,尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害,含有强烈的疼痛,例如:No feelings were hurt though the criticism was sharp. 批评虽然尖锐,却未伤感情。‎ destroy ‎ v. 破坏,毁坏 ‎[计算机] 撤消 ‎1. An atom bomb would destroy a city. 一颗原子弹能摧毁一座城市。‎ ‎2. The injured dog had to be destroyed. 这只受伤的狗要予以人道毁灭。‎ ‎3. We want to nurture the new project, not destroy it. 我们要支持这个新工程, 不要破坏它。‎ ‎4. The new law operates to destroy our advantages. 这项新法律损害我们的利益。‎ ‎5. Before they fled the country, the enemy vainly attempted to destroy all the factories. 敌人在逃往国外前,妄图把所有工厂都毁掉。‎ ‎6. If the tree falls that way, it will destroy the house. 树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。‎ shock ‎ n. 震动,冲突,震惊 v. 震动,冲突,使...受电击 ‎1. Anyone touching that wire could get badly shocked. 任何人碰到那根电线都会遭到严重的电击。‎ ‎2. His death was a great shock to us all. 他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。‎ ‎3. The violence and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers. 节目中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多观众感到震惊。‎ ‎4. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill. 听说我的病很严重,我吃了一惊。‎ ‎5. I'm not easily shocked, but that book really is obscene. 我并不是大惊小怪的人, 但那本书淫秽之甚确实让我大吃一惊。‎ ‎6. The news of his mother's death was a terrible shock to him. 他母亲去世的噩耗使他非常震惊。‎ ‎7. He was shocked to hear his child swearing. 他听见他孩子骂人非常生气。‎ ‎8. I was shocked at the news of her death. 我听到她去世的消息十分震惊。‎ rescue ‎ n. 援救,解救,营救 v. 援救,救出,营救 ‎1. The government has rescued the firm from bankruptcy by giving them a grant. 政府拨款给这家公司使其免于破产。‎ ‎2. Had Jim not dived in to rescue him, the boy would have drowned. 如果不是吉姆跳下水去救,那小孩早就淹死了。‎ ‎3. Police rescued the hostages. 警方救出了人质。‎ ‎4. A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation. 有个富有的赞助人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。‎ ‎5. The well-drilled crew managed to rescue most of the passengers. 训练有素的机组人员设法营救出了大部分乘客。‎ ‎6. Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane crash. 抢救人员冲向飞机坠毁的现场。‎ ‎7. He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. 他从桥上跳入水中去救溺水儿童。‎ ‎8. Going to their rescue in a rowing-boat is a bit of a forlorn hope. ‎ 乘划艇去救他们, 希望不大. 。 organize vi. 组织起来 vt. 组织 ‎1. The meeting was badly organized. 会议组织得很糟。‎ ‎2. “Don't mourn for me. Organize!”These were his last words. “不要为我悲痛,组织起来!”这就是他最后的遗言。‎ ‎3. They planned to organize a scientific expedition. 他们计划组织一次科学考察。‎ ‎4. Sarah has been enlisted to organize the party. 萨拉已应邀组织这一聚会。‎ ‎5. I was asked to organize the trip, but I messed it up. 大家要我组织这次旅游,可是我把事情搞糟了。‎ ‎6. He needs to marry a down-to-earth person who will organize his life for him. 他需要娶个讲求实际的人做妻子好为他安排生活。‎ ‎7. All her friends have been roped in to help organize the event. 她所有的朋友都已动员来协助组织这一活动。‎ ‎8. To write a good essay you must first organize your ideas logically. 要写出好文章, 必须先从逻辑上理顺思绪。‎ dig out ‎ vt. 挖出(挖掉,查出)‎ ‎1. He was buried by an avalanche and had to be dug out. 他遇雪崩被埋住了,得把他挖出来。‎ ‎2. It is not easy to dig out the past. 发掘过去的历史是不容易的。‎ ‎3. He was dug out from under the avalanche. 他被人从坍崩的雪堆中挖出来。‎ ‎4. Raymond: We can either dig out some earth worms in my yard or buy some shrimps in the market. 雷蒙:我们可以到我家院子里挖一些蚯蚓,或者在市场上买一些小虾。‎ bury ‎ v. 埋葬 ‎1. Both his grandparents were buried here. 他的祖父母都葬在这里。‎ ‎2. He was sitting with his head buried in a book. 他坐着埋头看书。‎ ‎3. He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.‎ ‎ 他走得很慢,两手插在衣袋里。‎ ‎4. Her head was buried in the book she was reading. 她在埋头读书。‎ ‎5. She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她双手掩面哭了起来。‎ ‎6. Your letter got buried under a pile of papers. 你的信压在一堆文件下面了。‎ ‎7. He's been dead and buried for years! 他已死亡并且埋葬多年了!‎ ‎8. He was buried with his wife. 他和他妻子葬在一起。‎ a number of ‎ 许多,若干 ‎1. I have consulted a number of law books in the British Museums. 我查阅了大英博物馆里许多法律书籍。‎ ‎2. A number of burglaries have been committed in this area recently. 这一带最近发生了若干起入户盗窃案。‎ ‎3. A number of soldiers were detached to guard the building. 许多士兵被派去保护这座建筑物。‎ ‎4. The play contains a number of typical Stoppard set pieces. 这出戏里有若干典型的斯托帕特式的场景。‎ ‎5. Quite a number of world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition. 有许多的世界名画在本次展览会上展出。‎ ‎6. The Green Party hopes to put up a number of candidates in the General Election. 绿党希望提出若干候选人参加大选。‎ ‎7. A number of cables are needed in this project. 这项工程需要大量电缆。‎ ‎8. The bishop conducted a number of confirmations at the service. 主教在仪式上为许多人施行了坚信礼。‎ ‎[词义辨析] amount,number 这一对词都能用作名词和动词,又都表示“数目”、“总数”之意,故很易混淆。‎ 它们之间的区别是,amount用于不可数名词,表示“量”; number用于可数名词,表示“数”。例:‎ * He has contributed a considerable amount of money to the Chinese University of Hong Kong.(amount为名词)他捐了一笔为数可观的钱给香港中文大学。‎ * Our expenditure amounts to fifty thousand dollars a month.(amount为动词)我们每月的开支达五万元。‎ * Every year the Hong Kong Book Fair draws a large number of visitors.(number为名词)每一年香港的书展吸引了大量的观众。‎ * Today more than 30,000 students are enrolled in the polytechnic.‎ * The full-time students in our department number over 3,500.(number为动词)现在理工学院有三万多名学生;我们系里全日制的学生已超过三千五百名。‎ Amount除作“数量”、“总额”解外,亦可表示“价值”之意。例:‎ * Your information is of little amount.(名词)你的情报没有什么价值。‎ * It is unlikely that the forthcoming talks will amount to very much.(动词)看来即将举行的会谈不会有多大意义。‎ 与amount一词搭配使用的字很多,常用的有:respectable~(相当大的数量); trifling~(微不足道的数额); approved~(核准的数额); fixed~(固定的数额); vast~(大量);average~(平均数);aggregate~(总额);required~(所需数); proper~(适量)。‎ 与number搭配的形容词亦不少,常见的有:round ~(整数);serial~(编号); small~(为数不多);astonishing~(数目惊人); even~(偶数); odd~(奇数); high~(大数);low~(小数); huge(immense)~(巨大的数量);limited~(有限的数目);maximum~(最大量); minimum~‎ give out ‎ 分发 ‎1. The teacher gave out the examination papers. 教师发了考卷。‎ ‎2. After a month their food supplies gave out. 过了一个月, 他们的食物已消耗殆尽。‎ ‎3. The radiator is giving out a lot of heat. 散热器释放出很多热量。‎ ‎4. One of the plane's engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. 飞机在大西洋中部飞行时, 其中一个发动机出了故障。‎ ‎5. Her patience finally gave out. 她终于失去了耐性。‎ ‎6. It was given out that the President had been shot. 据称总统受到枪击。‎ ‎7. The news of the President's death was given out in a radio broadcast. 总统逝世的消息已在电台上播出了。‎ ‎8. He has refused to give out any information on the matter. 他已拒绝发表有关此事的任何消息。‎ prepare ‎ v. 准备,预备 ‎1. He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow. 他正准备明天集会的演说。‎ ‎2. Early experiments with military rockets prepared the ground for space travel. 早年对军用火箭进行的实验为发展航天技术奠定了基础。‎ ‎3. She was prepared for anything to happen. 她已准备好应付一切。‎ ‎4. I had no time in which to prepare. 我已来不及做准备了。‎ ‎5. Prepare yourself for a nasty shock! 有件令人十分震惊的事, 你要有所准备!‎ ‎6. I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back. 我愿意把钱借给你, 你得答应还给我。‎ ‎7. I knew there were problems, but I was not prepared for this! 我知道有些问题, 却未料到这一点!‎ ‎8. I am not prepared to stay and listen to these outrageous insults. 我可不愿意在这儿受这种奇耻大辱。‎ thousands of ‎ 数千的...‎ ‎1. The fair is a big gathering. Thousands of businessmen from more than150 countries and regions are here to trade with China. 本次交易会是一次盛会。来自150多个国家和地区的成千上万的商人在这里与中国进行贸易。‎ ‎2. On the night of December1, 1930, a cloud of smog moved over a valley in Belgium, which caused thousands of people to become ill. 1930年12月1日晚上,一片烟雾飘过比利时的一个山谷,这使数千人病倒了。‎ ‎3. The cyclone brought misery to thousands of people. 暴风给成千上万的人带来灾难。‎ ‎4. Men have been making music for thousands of years. 人类创作音乐已有数千年历史。‎ ‎5. The press has reported the massacre of thousands of people for their religious beliefs. 新闻界报道了那场因宗教信仰原因而对千万人的大屠杀。‎ ‎6. The novel captured the imagination of thousands of readers. 这部小说引起了千万读者的想象。‎ ‎7. The liberal candidate romped through with thousands of votes to spare. 自由党候选人轻易获胜,超出选票数以千计。‎ ‎8. There are thousands of awnings on the sea beach. 沙滩上有许多遮阳篷。‎ 难句解析 ‎1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是城里的百万群众,没有理会这些事件,那天夜里还和以往一样,安然入睡了。‎ 句中who引导的“非限制性定语从句”。‎ 非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容,或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号分开,常常单独翻译。没有它,主句意思仍然完整。‎ 引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as,which,who, whom,whose等,作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。‎ 关系副词有when,where等,作定语从句的状语。‎ 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省。‎ ‎2. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 似乎世界的末日到来了。‎ 句子中的as if引导的是表语从句。‎ 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。‎ 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。‎ as if 引导表语从句不可省略。‎ 另外,常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如:‎ ‎1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. ‎ ‎2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people. ‎ ‎3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. ‎ ‎4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.‎ ‎3. All hope was not lost. 并非所有的希望都失去了。‎ 这是典型的“部分否定”句。‎ 在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词,如all, every (及everybody, everything等),both, always, quite, wholly, entirely, altogether, completely等,凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。如:‎ ‎1. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食。‎ ‎2. Money is not everything. 金钱并非万能。‎ 从上面例子中可以看出部分否定有下列两种形式:‎ 一、 直接把否定词not 放在被否定词之前。如:‎ ‎3. Not all birds can fly. 并不是所有的鸟都会飞。‎ ‎4. Not both children are clever. 两个孩子并不都聪明。‎ ‎5. He doesn’t quite understand. 他并非全部理解。‎ ‎6. We are not altogether interested. 我们并不完全感兴趣。‎ 二、 用not 来否定谓语。如:‎ ‎7. I can’t catch everything in the book. 我没有完全掌握书中的内容。‎ ‎8. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 ‎ ‎4. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.慢慢地,这个城市又开始呼吸了。‎ 本句“breathe”是英语暗喻用法。‎ 暗喻是根据两个事物之间的某些共同特点,把一个事物的名称用在另一个事物上。靠读者自己去意会。这种比喻是含蓄的。‎ 在英语专著中对隐喻的较新的定义是:“将一个词从其本义转为一般不能换用但却相似的另一个词,强调其认同,即两者相似。但不是明喻。”‎ 汉语的暗喻和英语的暗喻都不漏比喻的痕迹,把甲直接说成“是”乙或“变成”了乙。‎ 常用的比喻词在汉语里有“是”、“变成”、“变为”、“成为”、“成了”、“当作”等,英语常用“Be”做喻词,也用 become,turn into等。‎ 暗喻在翻译中也可采取直译。例如:‎ He has a heart of stone. 他有铁石心肠。‎ It was not long before he saw the fruit of his patient efforts. 不久他便看到了辛勤劳动所获得的成果。‎ The fountain of knowledge will dry up unless streams of new learning continuously replenish it. 知识之泉要连续不断注入新的学习的溪流才不会枯竭。‎ ‎ [词义辨析] breath,breathe 这两个词都是表示“呼吸”的意思,但词性和读音不同。 breath是名词; breathe是动词。初学英语的人容易将breathe的e丢掉,以致与breath混淆不清。‎ 请看下面例句:‎ After we had climbed to the top of the hill,we stopped to gather breath.我们爬到山顶后便停下来歇口气。‎ Only in the countryside can we have a breath of fresh air.只有在郊野我们才能呼吸到新鲜的空气。‎ He has run himself out of breath.他跑得上气不接下气。‎ The old lady breathed her last this morning.老太太今天早上断气了。‎ In an attack of asthma,she breathed hard.哮喘发作,她感到呼吸困难。‎ It's healthy to breathe deeply in the morning. 早上作深呼吸对身体有益。‎ 教学测评 I. Structure and vocabulary ‎1. —____ is the population ____ Canada?‎ ‎—I don’t know exactly, but I am sure that it has ___ population than China.‎ A. How much; in; much less B. How many; of; few ‎ C. What; with; much less D. What; of; a much smaller ‎2. —Do you mind if I smoke? —________ .‎ A. Pardon, I do B. Yes, not at all C. No, I do mind D. I’m sorry, but I do.‎ ‎3. We don’t visit Tom _______. ‎ A. as many as we used to B. as many as we were used to ‎ C. as much as we used to D. as much as we were used to ‎4. Mrs. Linda has ______ that she is unable to get a job.‎ A. such little education B. so little education C. a such little education D. a so small education ‎5. On the wall _______ two large portraits.‎ A. hang B. hangs C. hanged D. hanging ‎6. Not only ______ polluted but _______ crowded.‎ A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streets C. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were ‎7. He ______ up early since his childhood.‎ A. used to get B. is used to get C. has been used to get D. has been used to getting ‎8. You ______ walk for miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.‎ A. must B. need C. may D. should ‎9. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I always treasure.‎ A. one B. one that C. which D. all above ‎10. It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ______ I realized she was a famous film star.‎ A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then II. A cloze test Strange things happened in Tang Shan. For three days the water in the village wells__1_ and fell. The well walls had deep_2___ and a smelly gas came out the cracks. The chickens, pigs and mice were too nervous. Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. Bright light __3__in the sky. People heard the sound of planes even when no planes were in the sky. The water __4__in some buildings cracked and burst.‎ At 3:42 am everything began to_5___. It seemed that the world was at the end! One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack cut across the city. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in__6__. Two-thirds of the people died or were__7___. Nearly everything was destroyed in the city. 75% of its factories and 90% of its homes were gone. Then later that afternoon, another big earthquake shook Tangshan. People began to wonder how long the __8___would last.‎ But all hope was not lost. The army sent 150,000 soldiers to help them. Workers built shelters for survivors. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.‎ III. Translation ‎1. 你知道中国现有的麋鹿的数量吗?‎ ‎2. 无论他走到哪儿,他的狗都跟着。‎ ‎3. 炎热的天气持续了一周,弄得人人疲惫不堪。‎ ‎4. 他们为什么不用大卫而选择了汤姆?‎ IV. A multiple-choice test (定语从句专项练习)‎ ‎1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.‎ A. Which B. where C. what D. in which ‎2. Do you know the man _______?‎ A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke ‎3. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.‎ A. where B. to which C. which D. in which ‎4. This is one of the best films _______.‎ A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked ‎5. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?‎ A. who B. who's C. which D. whose ‎6. I'm interested in ______you have said.‎ A. all that B. all what C. that D. which ‎7. He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.‎ A. which B. that C. whom D. what ‎8. You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.‎ A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who ‎9. The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.‎ A. which B. whose C. what D./‎ ‎10. The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.‎ A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; that D. for which; what ‎11. That is not the way ______I do it.‎ A./ B. which C. for which D. with which ‎12. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.‎ A. / B. why C. when D. whose ‎ ‎13. —Did you ask the guard _______ happened? —Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.‎ A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that ‎ ‎14. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.‎ A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are ‎ ‎15. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.‎ A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed ‎ Keys: ‎ I.1-5 DDCBA 6-10 CDCDB ‎ II.1. rose 2. cracks 3. appeared 4. pipes 5. shake 6. ruins 7. injured 8. disaster ‎ III.1. Do you know the number of milu deer living in China? 2. Everywhere he goes, his dog follows him. 3 The hot weather lasted for a whole week, which made everybody tried and sleepy. 4 Why did they choose Tom instead of David? ‎ IV. 1. A. 2.C. 3.C. 4. A. 5. D. 6. A.. 7. B. 8. D. 9. D. 10. A. 11. A. 12. A. 13. A. 14. C. 15. D. ‎ A selected English passage for recitation英文精选背诵短文 Earthquake poems What is the little child doing among the ruins searching for mum and dad?‎ It is so cruel and cold the sky is crying even the tears are frozen the winds are blowing and my sister is sitting near her kids who are dead now tell me my dear how can I sleep , how can I eat every night hearing the sounds of the kids in school who are all under ruins streaching out their hands for help the life has come up to my throat and I murmur all the time isn't there anything we could do to make people safe and then I remember you and pray may god bless you my dears who are trying to make the world a safer place to live.‎ ‎ Oct. 12, 2005‎ Mariam Mokhtari ‎ ‎ iEARN-NDYS ‎ Teheran, Iran 高考链接 巧解阅读理解题的长难句 ‎  每次做完高考阅读题,大家都有共同的感受:都认为高考题不难,但想得高分却很难。究其原因,主要是虽然大致读懂了文章大意,且对一些关系着解题的关键句并不能准确理解。因为有些题干的设计就是着眼于这些长难句的理解。 ‎ ‎  正是由于长期以来的阅读理解学习中出现了一些误区,忽视了方法指导,忽视了长难句的分析。这样,尽管学生做了很多题,但收效甚微。结果应考中要么不能正确分析句子成分,要么抓不住关键词,要么抓不住细节而导致失分。 ‎ ‎  那么,如何应对这种情况呢? ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  一、 正确分析句子成分,是巧解阅读理解题的金钥匙。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  1. 正确分析句子成分,巧解阅读理解题。 ‎ ‎  面对一个长句,能够迅速抓住主干,正确分析句子成分,在解题时就会事半功倍。 ‎ ‎  如山东卷第74题就是对“Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kid’s Yards—the creation of backyard wildlife habitats—and now Kids F.A.C.E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a ...”一句的考查。本句是一个并列复合句,又含有一个定语从句。主干是Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kid’s Yards ...and now Kids F.A.C.E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey,而the creation of backyard wildlife habitats是对Kid’s Yards的解释,说明其功能,而第74题就是考查对the creation of backyard wildlife habitats的正确理解。其意为:野生动物家园的创建。而句中backyard,使用其引申义,“后院(backyard)”当然是安全的,即是保护动物的,故选B, “started to protect wildlife”。 ‎ ‎  全国卷ⅠE篇“Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.”是一个复合句,by 引导的是方式状语其中含有一个定语从句,而这个方式状语恰恰是第74题答案D,“use more species for food”。 ‎ ‎  2. 正确分析句子成分,抓关键词,轻松答题。 ‎ ‎  在理清句子结构的同时,能迅速抓住关键词,可让我们轻松答题。如山东卷B篇第63题,原文中有“Participation in the alert system by carriers —telecommunications companies —is voluntary, but it has received solid support from the wireless industry.”大意:电信公司参与这一预警系统是自愿的,但已经得到无线电产业的明确支持。该句也是一个并列句,telecommunications companies是对carriers的解释。句子主干是“Participation is voluntary”,voluntary就是解本题的关键词。故第63题选C。“The carriers’ participation in the system is determined by___C___(the carriers themselves).” ‎ ‎  再如广东卷B 篇第一段最后一句“If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.”这是一个复合句,if 引导的条件从句中又含有一个宾语从句,主句也是一个复合句。句中believing in yourself is a challenge(信任自己是个挑战)与第46题C项(are unconfident about yourself)一致,故选C。 ‎ ‎  全国卷ⅠE 篇“A mere hundred species are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load.(仅仅100个物种是我们食物供应的基础,其中仅有20种承担着这个重担)of which but twenty carry the load是定语从句,修饰a mere hundred species, but是关键词,在此用作副词,作“仅仅,只有”讲,而不是介词,作“除……之外”讲,因此第73题选A (twenty),而不选B(eighty)。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  二、 准确理解概括句义,快速确定正确答案。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  面对一个长句,能够准确理解概括句义,可以帮助我们快速确定正确答案。 ‎ ‎  江苏卷A篇“Perhaps more important, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your study, the more time you will have to spend on your outside interests.”该句是“the more ... the more ...”结构,大意:或许更重要的是,你越擅长分配你学习的时间,你就会有更多的时间去做自己感兴趣的事。与57题“The author intends to tell us that time___C___(should be well managed for our own interests)”一致。 ‎ ‎  浙江卷C篇第一段连着用了三个强调句“It may not be that ... And it may not ‎ be that ... Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students are not used to the early hour.”点明了第48题答案:B. it is biologically difficult for students to rise early.这些昏昏欲睡的学生的生物钟不习惯早起。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  三、 准确理解上下句关系,愉快答题。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  在分析句子结构时,能准确理解上下句关系,对我们轻松愉快答题起到事半功倍的效果。 ‎ ‎  山东卷C篇第四段最后一句“Still, it(指开办第二家三明治店) was a lot of learning by trial and error.” 紧接着下一段开头说“But the partners’ learn-as-go approach turned out to be their greatest strength.” learn-as-go approach(边学边练的方法)就是指 learning by trial and error(反复尝试)。而第71题问:What contribute most to their success according to the author? 由此可知选A,“learning by trial and error”。 ‎ 江苏卷A 篇第三段最后两句:“We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.”上一句说我们可以让时间溜走,成为我们的敌人,下一句接着说或者我们可以控制它,成为我们的朋友。上下两句形成对比,即ally与enemy相对,所以ally应为朋友,是你的帮助者和支持者,故第56题选B,“your supporter and helps you”。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  四、 正确分析选择肢中的关键词与原文的对比,巧解阅读理解题。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  山东卷第64题B 项“They may enjoy the alert service for free.”中的for free与 B篇这一句They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.中的may not be charged是同义词。故第64题选B。山东卷第70题:They decided to open a second store because_____. D. wanted to make believe that they were successful.选择肢中的make believethat they were successful(假装他们是成功的)与原文中的“We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘we are so successful, we are opening a second store’.”一句一致,故该题选D。 ‎ ‎  浙江卷D 篇第一句:For a while, my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers.指明作者所在的街区到处都是形形色色的慢跑者,即慢跑已经蔚然成风,所以第52题选A项 “jogging became very popular”。全国卷Ⅰ第57题选项A(nervous) 与A 篇第二段最后一句“Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard.”中的feeling on guard(小心的,提防着)词义相同。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  五、正确理解习语、固定搭配,有助于理解文章主旨。 ‎ ‎   ‎ ‎  广东卷B 篇“Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics, but sometimes it’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves.”句中 the apple of sb’s eyes意为“某人的掌上明珠,某人心爱的人”。句意:无可否认,我们都知道我们是父母的掌上明珠,……但有时很难把这些美好的看法加在我身上。这就暗示我们的形象不佳,需要改变, ‎ 下文当然要谈论如何建立良好的形象。这与第49题“What is the passage mainly about?___C___”一致。本文最后一句:“When you can pat yourself on the back, you’ll know you’re well on your way.”中pat sb./yourself on the back表示因干得好而“赞扬某人/自己”。大意说: 当你自我感觉良好时,你的良好形象正在建立起来。正好回应上一句。 ‎ ‎  由以上分析来看,多数题目通过分析长难句就可以解答,因此我们在日常学习中一定要加强对长难句的分析、翻译练习。这样,就可以轻松应考。‎ 单元综合知识测试 二、阅读理解 Hobbies Help Cure Addiction to the Internet While some parents have expressed concerns about the amount of time their children spent surfing the Internet during the summer break from school, it wasn't a problem for Yin Qiming. ‎ Instead, the 37-year-old Shanghai resident and his daughter divided their vacation between cyberspace and the 8-year-old's other interests. ‎ ‎"My daughter has many hobbies and I and her mother respect her choices, so we accompany her to classes she enjoys, such as learning to play the drums and drawing," he said. ‎ ‎"She loves to play outside with her friends, so she doesn't think the Internet is a must-have thing in her life." ‎ Yin added that he rarely imposes a time limit on his daughter's online activity. ‎ ‎"She sometimes uses WeChat (a popular instant-messaging tool) on my mobile phone, but only to contact her mother," he said. "Once she has her own plans every day and realizes that the internet is just a part of life, she won't become addicted to it." ‎ Li Lin, a primary school teacher from Liaoning province, expressed a similar opinion. ‎ ‎"We do some homework online, including reciting stories, and the children use the Internet frequently every day of their lives," she said, noting that the children's online activity is limited to 30 minutes a day at school. ‎ ‎"We should make better use of the Internet to provide children with more knowledge and help them to grow up," said Li, who has a 10-year-old son. ‎ The key to preventing children, especially those at primary and middle schools, from becoming addicted to the Internet is to limit the time they spend online and to ensure that they know cyberspace cannot replace traditional forms of communication, she said. ‎ Mao Feizhu, a psychologist from Fujian province in southeast China, said people overestimate the influence of the internet. ‎ ‎"Many people, even some parents, believe the Internet plays a big role in our daily lives, and many things can be completed online, but that's not completely right," she said. ‎ ‎"We can use social applications to talk or play basketball games, and even share what we are thinking about, but sometimes it's impossible for our emotions to be accurately ‎ reflected in this way. What children need is emotional communication and real physical exercise. After all, love cannot be bought on the net," she said. ‎ Perhaps, the best way to stop young netizens spending too much time online is to encourage their other interests but also accompany them when they go online: "We should use the Internet, not become its slaves."‎ ‎21.What bothers lots of the parents today is that their young children ______.‎ A. enjoy chatting with friends online B. are addicted to playing cell phones deeply C. spend too much time on the Internet D. love playing computer games too much ‎22.How did Yin Qiming keep his daughter free of the Internet addiction?‎ A. By inviting her to plan her own time limit of using the Internet.‎ B. By talking and playing with her frequently to spare the holiday.[KS5UKS5U]‎ C. By sparing time to accompany her developing her own hobbies.‎ D. By encouraging her to make enough friends in the real life.‎ ‎23.According to Li Lin, the key to preventing the Internet addiction is ________.‎ A. to limit their time online and encourage real life communication B. to stress the importance of friendship and making friends online C. to make rules on surfing online and offer more online time D. to forbid Internet use and spend more time on book-reading ‎24.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? ‎ I: Introduction CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: Conclusion A. B. ‎ C. D. ‎ The Rise of Sneaker Culture is organized by the Bata Shoe Museum,whose aims are to explore the social history,technical innovations,fashion trends,and marketing campaigns that have shaped sneaker culture over the past two centuries.You cannot overestimate the cultural importance of a pair of sneakers.At least that's the conclusion from a new exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum in the US.‎ The sneaker is regarded both as a cultural force and a fashion statement."Early sneakers were actually status symbols."said Elizabeth Semmelheck,senior leader of Bata Shoe Museum.‎ Displaying over 150 shoes,the exhibit covers a wide range of examples and will last about three months.From their modest origins in the mid-nineteenth century to high-end sneakers created in the past decade,sneakers have become a global obsession(痴迷).Included are works from makers such Adidas,Converse,Nike,Puma,and Reebok as well as private collectors such as hip-hop legend Darryl "DMC" McDaniel's,and Dee Wells of Obsessive Sneaker Disorder.Also featured are sneakers by Prada and other major fashion design houses and designers,as well as those made in cooperation with artists including Damien Hirst and Shantell Martin.After Brooklyn,the collection will head to Toledo,Ohio;and Louisville,Kentucky.‎ Sneakers are one of the few things people will line up for days to buy.They're the ‎ subject of songs,and have helped make billionaires out of athletes and fashion designers.Sneakers are a cultural phenomenon,and perhaps an alien(外星人)visiting our planet could learn most about us,by looking at our feet!‎ ‎25.Early sneaker is regarded as .‎ A. a cultural force B. a fashion statement C. an identity D. a common footwear ‎26.Which of the following is true about the exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum?‎ A. The exhibit will display less than 150 shoes.‎ B. The exhibit will head to other places abroad.‎ C. The exhibits of the sneakers are all famous brands.[KS5UKS5U.KS5U D. The exhibit shows the history of the sneaker culture.‎ ‎27.Why are sneakers so important to athletes?‎ A. Sneakers help make athletes fashionable.‎ B. Sneakers become the subject of their songs.‎ C. Sneakers are comfortable to wear for athletes.‎ D. Sneakers help make athletes become rich people.‎ ‎28.What does the author want to do by mentioning the alien?‎ A. To express the cultural importance of sneakers.‎ B. To describe a picture of aliens' wearing sneakers.‎ C. To predict the promising future of sneakers.‎ D. To advise producers to sell sneakers to aliens.‎ My husband and I used to think we had all we had ever wanted.A beautiful house,three healthy children and one more on the way,two cars,a couple of four-wheelers for entertainment—We really had it all and we loved it. Then,the market turned and my husband's job at a construction company was gone.The company was closing down forever.‎ We both started looking for jobs right away,but there weren't any to be found.With each passing day we were getting increasingly worried and we continued to work together in order to pull our family through.The more we pulled together,the closer we got.I felt feelings of admiration for my husband that I hadn't felt for years.‎ That's why it was so hard for me to watch him blame himself for ou present situation.I continually asked him to stop but he seemed to want to punish himself for not having a job.‎ Finally,one afternoon I pulled him aside and said,"We have four healthy children and each other.That's what's important.That makes you a rich man."‎ ‎"But what if we lose the house?They will hate me—you'll hate me,"he replied.‎ I smiled at him and put my hands on both sides of his face to make him look me in the eye."No matter where we live I will be happy—as long as I have you,"I smiled again as I realized that I wasn't just saying that.In all the struggling together I had found that deep love for him that I had on the day we said "I do".‎ I could see his shoulders and neck relaxed.He held me close and we were able to talk and plan and dream together in a way that we hadn't for quite some time.It was a turning point for us as a couple and a family.‎ We are still struggling for our better life,but I consider us well-off because we have something that money can't buy and no one can take away from us.‎ ‎29.We know from the story that .‎ A. they both found good jobs at last B. her husband was out of work for his not working hard C. both of them felt anxious about their unemployment D. they didn't love each other any longer after they got married ‎30.By saying "The more we pulled together,the closer we got",the wife means .‎ A. her husband worked harder for being closer B. they had closer affection as they struggled together C. their house was closer to the company than before D. they were closer to another employment as time went by ‎31.What is their present life like?‎ A. Hard but warm. B. Wealthy but annoying.‎ C. Hard and disturbing. D. Comfortable and admiring.‎ ‎32.Which of the following might be the best title?‎ A. Better Life Comes B. Hard Time Goes C. We Have It All D. We Lose It All We are naturally drawn to friends and colleagues with familiar voices, scientists have found People prefer those who have a similar accent, intonation and tone of voice to themselves, they discovered.‎ Previous research has focused on how male or female a voice sounds. Men with deeper voices and women with slightly higher voices were thought to sound more attractive, because they suggest a bigger or a smaller body.‎ But the new study, published by a linguistics expert in Canada, suggests there is a more complex mechanism(机制)at play. Dr Molly Babel, from the University of British Columbia in Canada said, "The voice is an amazingly flexible tool that we use to construct our identity. Very few things in our voices are changeless, so we felt that our preferences had to be about more than a person's shape and size."‎ She recorded 30 volunteers' voices and asked each to rate the others' attractiveness on a range from one to nine. Each participant was from western America, with similar accents. The people we assessed were all in the same dialect group, but they showed that dialect to different degrees.‎ ‎“We seem to like people who sound like we sound, we like people who fit within what we know,” Dr Babel said. She also found that breathy voices in women—typified by the famous American actress Marilyn Monroe —were seen as more attractive.‎ The breathy tone, caused by younger and thinner vocal cords (声带), implied youthfulness and health. A creaky (咯吱作响的)voice, suggesting a person has a cold, is tired or smokes, was seen as unattractive. The participants preferred men who spoke with a shorter average word length and deeper voices.‎ ‎33.The main purpose of the text is to .‎ A. inform readers of the new findings of voices B. compare male voices with female voices C. argue against women's voices of speaking D. encourage men to use deeper voices to speak ‎34.Dr Molly Babel mentions Marilyn Monroe in order to .‎ A. introduce a creaky voice B. explain a breathy voice C. challenge previous research D. promote her reputation ‎35.In terms of voice preferences, the new findings stress .‎ A. body size and shape B. shorter word length C. thicker vocal cords D. the same social groups ‎36.Whose voice may be unattractive according to the text?‎ A. A young lady with a thin voice.‎ B. An old lady with a silvery voice.‎ C. A deep-voiced man with a dry throat.‎ D. A little man with a quiet and gentle voice.‎ 三、完形填空 This morning I saw an old man.A few months ago he was____cans and bottles from the recycle bins in my neighborhood.I was____to see and saddened by the fact that he had to do this to____.I thought about putting bottles in a bag for him with a note attached____that the bag was for him to take,but then thought it may not be the best ____.So I let it go.‎ One____day I saw him again riding his bike with bags of bottles____to his handle-bars wearing a raincoat.My heart____.I felt____thinking I could never connect with him.‎ So you can imagine my____when I saw him during my walk again.Then I____the big bag of cans and bottles I had collected."He can have those!"I thought.I walked____over to him and managed to whisper a very quiet "Hi".I was a little____.I had never approached anyone like him before.I asked him if he could wait there so that I could get him some more____.He said,“That would be very much appreciated.”‎ I____my bag and came back in 5 minutes and there he was in the shade____.I handed the bag to him and____to him that it wasn't much.And then with a bright____he said,“Every little bit____.Thanks so much.”‎ I wished him a great day and restarted my walk feeling a little____in my step.‎ ‎37.A. picking B. buying C. gathering D. collecting ‎38.A. shocked B. excited C. annoyed D. disappointed ‎39.A. work B. manage C. survive D. earn ‎40.A. writing B. reading C. speaking D. telling ‎41.A. idea B. experiment C. suggestion D. fact ‎42.A. cloudy B. windy C. sunny D. rainy ‎43.A. stuck B. attached C. placed D. led ‎44.A. went down B. broke down C. sank down D. fell down ‎45.A. unlucky B. unsafe C. careless D. powerless ‎46.A. disappointment B. surprise C. doubt D. relief ‎47.A. remembered B. reminded C. recovered D. regained ‎48.A. patiently B. sharply C. quietly D. happily ‎49.A. calm B. nervous C. generous D. curious ‎50.A. rubbish B. bottles C. money D. gifts ‎51.A left B.found C.moved D.fetched ‎52.A. thinking B. sleeping C. counting D. waiting ‎53.A. apologized B. shouted C. argued D. reported ‎54.A. look B. color C. smile D. future ‎55.A. helps B. means C. depends D. goes ‎56.A. stronger B. slower C. lighter D. heavier[KS5UKS5UKS5U]‎ 四、七选五 Think Positive and Feel Positive When you’re in a stressful situation, are you confident or unsafe? Do you react positively or negatively?‎ ‎57.A study by researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that negative thinking, and depression coming from it, can be catching in certain circumstances.‎ For example, the researchers studied 103 freshman college roommates who’d been paired casually.58. Specifically, the researchers measured the subject’s likelihood to see negative events as a reflection of their abilities and disadvantages.‎ After only six months, it became clear that thinking patterns and styles can be catching. 59.And students paired with more positive thinking roommates were more likely to become more positive in their thinking and report less depression.‎ ‎60.So they might be particularly accessible to adopting the thought and behavior patterns of people around them —perhaps more so than people in less intense situations at other stages of life.‎ But maybe not. Other research has shown that, in general, people are affected by how those around them think. 61.‎ A. The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around.‎ B. Now college freshman are in a unique, life changing environment.‎ C. However, think positive and feel positive is quite important for college students.‎ D. Students paired with a negative-thinking roommate “caught” that style and became more depressed themselves.‎ E. They measured each roommate’s cognitive weakness, or tendency to give in to negative thinking and depression.‎ F. So surrounding a negative, depressed person with people who think positively could be a powerful form of treatment.‎ G. But what was to the researchers’ embarrassment was that the subjects never talked ‎ with each and stayed apart from each other for most of the time.‎ 五、短文改错 ‎62.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉仅及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Last weekends I watched a film, 13 Going on 30. The story is about an 13-year-old girl who is eager to be an adult. She hopes she can have a beautiful face but a perfect body shape. She wants to date some handsome guy she likes. Then the magical thing happens in, and she gets everything. But she feels confusing, because her life changes total. I had the same feeling as the girl when she was at her ago. But now, when I looked back on it, I think we should value what we have. Every stage of life have its happiness, so there is no need skip any stage.‎ 六、书面表达 ‎63.假设你是红星中学高三(1)班学生李华, 上周五你们班参观了中国科技馆,请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序,以“A Day in Museum”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。‎ 注意:词数不少于60。‎ 提示词:China Science and Technology Museum中国科技馆 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎21.C22.C23.A24.A25.C26.D27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.C33.A34.B35.D ‎36.C37.D38.A39.C40.B41.A42.D43.B44.C45.D46.B47.A48.C49.B50.B[KS5UKS5U]51.D52.D ‎53.A54.C55.A56.C57.A58.E59.D60.B61.F ‎62. ‎ ‎63.Last Friday, we were organized to pay a visit to China Science and Technology Museum. Upon arrival, we were given an introduction about the various exhibition areas of the museum at the main hall. We listened very carefully and were attracted to the exhibition of science and life. ‎ Entering the exhibition hall, we were amazed by the splendid space models including the China Railway High-speed (CRH), the spacecraft and the rockets, which appealed many of us to take photos and have a hot discussion. Lots of us agreed that our country is on the high way to getting stronger. Knowing that there’s a chance to experience the making of the space models in person in the DIY area, we rushed to there without any hesitation. There, under joint efforts, we made a model plane with ‎ what we learned in the exhibition hall, which pleased all of us.‎ Time flied, we didn’t want but we had to bid farewell to the museum and the fabulous exhibition. On the way home, the school bus was boiled with excitement. We laughed and promised ourselves that we would try our best to make our motherland much stronger. In my mind, there was a sweet dream rising in which I discovered an unknown land with a new spacecraft from our Shenzhou series. I couldn’t help smiling from the bottom of my heart.‎
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