【英语】2018届二轮复习高考阅读理解试题七（生态、环保类含解析）（5页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习高考阅读理解试题七（生态、环保类含解析）（5页）

‎2018届 二轮复习英语阅读理解试题七（生态、环保类）‎ 生态类 ‎ (1)‎ A Wolf in Danger ‎ What is happening to the timber wolf today?‎ Native Americans and early settlers often went to sleep to the sound of a lonely lullaby(催眠曲). It was the song of the wolf howling in a distant forest. There were many wolves then. One kind was the North American timber wolf. ‎ Wolves are important to the balance of nature because they eat sick and weak animals. In Colorado, people tried to help deer by shooting wolves. But then there were so many deer that many of them starved to death. ‎ The timber wolf is on the endangered special list. Animals on this list are in danger of disappearing from the earth. People drove the wolves away by cutting down the forests to build houses, towns, and highways. Timber wolves are now found only in Canada, Alaska, Michigan, and Minnesota. ‎ This special animal may soon disappear from our forests forever. Then, its lonely howl will never be heard again. ‎ ‎1. Animals that are in danger of disappearing from the earth are called a _______species. ‎ A. endangered B. living C. alive D. lived ‎ ‎2. Wolves help the balance of nature because they _______. ‎ A. are an endangered species B. eat sick and weak animals ‎ C. no longer live in forests D. help the farmers ‎ ‎3. At one time, the timber wolf was found _______. ‎ A. in many parts of North America B. only in Colorado and Canada ‎ C. in towns and cities in Alaska D. in many parts of Africa ‎ ‎4. Which of the following happened first?‎ A. People built towns and highways. ‎ B. The timber wolf was driven away from its home. ‎ C. People cut down the forests. ‎ D. Timber wolves are endangered species. ‎ ‎5. When people in Colorado shot the wolves, they made a mistake because_______. ‎ A. the wolves kept down the number of deer ‎ B. wolves never attacked other animals ‎ C. the wolves were starving and would have died anyway ‎ D. they kept the balance of nature ‎ ‎【答案与解析】本文介绍timber wolfs所面临的危险处境，并分析了其原因和后果。‎ ‎1.A。细节题。根据文章第4段第1句和第2句The timber wolf is on the endangered special list. Animals on this list are in danger of disappearing from the earth可推知此题答案为A。‎ ‎2.B。细节题。根据文章第3段第1句because they eat sick and weak ‎ animals可推知此题答案为B。‎ ‎3.A。细节题。根据文章第2段最后一句One kind was the North American timber wolf. ‎ 可推知此题答案为A。‎ ‎4.C。细节题。根据文章第4段第3句People drove the wolves away by cutting down the forests to build houses, towns, and highways可推知此题答案为C。‎ ‎5.A。判断题。从第3段最后两句看出：人们杀狼保鹿，结果，鹿的量过多而导致很多的鹿被饿死。从而可推知此题答案为A。‎ ‎(2)‎ Unless governments take necessary measures to protect tigers, they may disappear by 2010, the World Wildlife Fund said Thursday.‎ The conservation(保护) group said tiger numbers have decreased(减少) 95 percent in the past century and only 5 000～7 200 tigers still remain in the wild — compared with nearly ten times that many at the start of the century.‎ WWF published an update of their study on Feb. 11, 1999 — Wanted Alive: Tigers in the Wild, marking the end of the Chinese Year of the Tiger.‎ The report states that in spite of the great efforts over the past year, much remains to be done to prevent the tiger from becoming extinct early next century. If governments do not fight against unlawful hunting and get rid of the demand for tiger products the tiger will go to extinction, says WWF.‎ ‎“We cannot relax for one moment if we are to make it certain that tigers will still exist in the wild by the next Chinese Year of the Tiger in 2010.” Said Elizabeth Kemt, species conservation information manager at WWF International and one of the authors of the report.‎ Three of the subspecies of tiger—the Bali, Caspian and Javan tigers are extinct. The South China tiger faces the same end as only 20 or 30 are known to remain in the wild, down from 4 000 in 1950s.‎ ‎1. This passage tells us that _______.‎ A. WWF is a government organization of China B. there are altogether two Chinese Years of the Tiger: 1999 and 2010‎ C. Elizabeth Kemf didn’t join the authors in writing the report but she agreed to their opinion D. if the twenty to thirty South China tigers were killed, probably no tiger of this kind would remain in the wild ‎2. The word “extinct” in the fourth paragraph probably means _______.‎ A. fewer B. lost C. dead D. alive ‎3. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? ‎ A. How to Protect Tigers B. Tigers Are Disappearing from the World C. Tigers in the Wild D. The Chinese Year of the Tiger ‎【答案与解析】本文介绍了目前世界上老虎的状况。呼吁全社会对之保护。‎ ‎1. D。细节题。根据文章最后一句 The South China tiger faces the same end as only 20 or 30 are known to remain in the wild 可推知此题答案为 D。‎ ‎2. B。词义猜测题。根据文章第 4 段最后一句 If governments do not fight against unlawful hunting and get rid of demand for tiger products the tiger will go to extinction 可推知此题答案为 B。‎ ‎3. B。主旨题。根据文章第 1 句 Unless governments take necessary measures to protect tigers, they may disappear by 2010 及全文内容，可推知此题答案为 B。‎ 环保类 ‎ (1)‎ The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.‎ Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.‎ Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.‎ Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.‎ Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.‎ The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.‎ ‎1. _______, our world is becoming much smaller.‎ A. Because of the rise in pollution ‎ B. Thanks to science development C. Because the earth is being polluted day and night D. Because the earth is blown away by the wind every year ‎2. Hundreds of years ago, life was __________ it is today. ‎ A. much easier than B. as easy as C. much harder than D. as hard as ‎3. Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Here “it” means _______.‎ A. rubbish(垃圾) B. noise pollution C. air pollution D. water pollution ‎4. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _______.‎ A. it makes much noise B. it makes us angry more easily C. it makes our rivers and lakes dirty ‎ D. it’s bad for all living things in the world ‎5. Which of the following is NOT true? ‎ A. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.‎ B. The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world population does.‎ C. The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth.‎ D. If people could go to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike, it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of SO2. ‎ ‎【答案与解析】本文谈到全球环境污染这个问题，同时号召人们来为我们的家园——地球出一份力，减少污染。‎ ‎1. B。由文章的首句我们得知：世界变小是由于modern traffic and modern communication means(现在的交通运输工具和沟通工具的使用)，而这一切都要靠科学技术的发展，据此我们可以推出答案是B。‎ ‎2. C。原文的第2句告诉我们Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago(今天的生活比以前容易得多)，反过来说，以前的生活一定比今天的艰难，所以答案是C。‎ ‎3. B。在众多选项中，只有选项B(noise pollution噪音污染)是听得见的。‎ ‎4. D。我们根据第4段的第1, 2句Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world…，可以得知空气污染之所以最为严重，正如选项D(它是危害全世界生物的)所说的那样。‎ ‎5. C。选项C可以在原文第2段的第2句找到，但它缺少了前提条件many years ago(以前不严重而现在严重)，所以选项C是错误的。‎ ‎ (2)‎ The office has always been a place to get ahead. Unfortunately, It is also a place where a lot of natural resources start to fall behind. Take a look around next time you’re at work. See how many lights are left on when people leave. See how much paper is being wasted. How much electricity is being used to run computers that are left on. Look at how much water is being wasted in the rest-rooms. And how much solid waste is being thrown out in the rubbish cans. We bet it’s a lot. ‎ ‎ Now, here are some simple ways you can produce less waste at work. When you are at the copier, only make the copies you need. Use both sides of the paper when writing something less important. Turn off your lights when you leave. Use a lower watt bulb in your lamp. Drink your coffee or tea out of your mugs instead of single-use cups. Set up a recycling box for cans and one for bottles. And when you’re in the bathroom brushing your teeth or washing your face, don’t let the tap run. Remember, if we use fewer resources today, we’ll save more for tomorrow. ‎ ‎1. The main purpose of the passage is to tell people _______. ‎ A. the disadvantages of working in an office B. the waste produced in an office C. to save resources when working in an office D. how to save water in a restroom ‎2. How many kinds of waste are mentioned in the passage？‎ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.‎ ‎3. From the passage we can infer that in the office ________. ‎ A. using computers is a waste of resource B. many people don’t turn off the computers after using them C. computers are run by electricity D. a computer is not a must for working ‎4. It is suggested that we use both sides of the paper at the copier because _______.‎ A. we are short of paper B. the printing is not important C. we should save paper D. we have to pay for the paper ‎5. The underlined word mugs is most likely to be _______. ‎ A. a machine that makes coffee B. a container that can be used again and again C. a paper product for tea D. something that can only be found in an office ‎【答案解析】本文介绍了办公室资源浪费情况及节约办公资源的办法。‎ ‎1. C。推断题。根据第2段的内容可知，文章是告诉人们怎样在办公的时候节约资源。‎ ‎2. C。细节题。文章提到的资源浪费现象有：lights are left on; paper is being wasted; electricity is being used to run computers that are left on; water is being wasted in the rest-rooms; solid waste is being thrown out in the rubbish cans等。其中 lights are left on 和 electricity is being used to run computers that are left on 同属于浪费电，因此文章中一共提到4种资源浪费，即选 C。‎ ‎3. B。细节题。根据 How much electricity is being used to run computers that are left on 可知答案为 B。‎ ‎4. C。推断题。根据 Use both sides of the paper when writing something less important 可以判断，两面打印可以节约纸张，避免不必要的浪费。‎ ‎5. B。词义猜测题。根据 Drink your coffee or tea out of your mugs instead of single-use cups.我们可以看出 mugs 和“single-use cups(一次性杯子)”相对，故可推测出 mugs 是“可反复使用的容器”。‎