2018-2019学年河北省邢台市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年河北省邢台市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

邢台市2018〜2019学年高二(下)期末测试 英 语 考生注意:‎ ‎1. 本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎2. 请将各题答案填在答题卡上。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题海小题1.5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后,你都有16秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What is the man probably doing?‎ A. Greeting his guests. B. Cleaning the house. C. Arguing with Maggie.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ W: Hi, Mark. How is everything?‎ M: Tm a bit busy right now. We've got guests coming for the weekend and the house is so untidy. Maggie, you know, I hate housework.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What is the man going to do?‎ A. Stay inside B. Buy an umbrella.‎ C. Walk out with an umbrella.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ W: Looks like rain. Better look for your umbrella.‎ M: Yeah, I think it's definitely going to rain. That's why I'm not going out.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ How long will the man have to wait for another bus?‎ A. 5 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 20 minutes.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ M:The bus to the seaside left 5 minutes ago. How often does it come?‎ W: Every 20 minutes.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What can we learn about the man?‎ A. He is anxious to see his sister.‎ B. He wrote to his sister last month.‎ C. He is expecting a letter from his sister.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ M: I haven't heard from my sister since last month.‎ W:Don't worry, Charlie. Letters from the United States can be slow sometimes.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ What does the woman mean?‎ A. She missed the travel.‎ B. The travel was a failure.‎ C. Bob didn,t travel with them.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ M:Did you all have a good time on your visit to Paris?‎ W: Yes, but we all missed Bob.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. Why does the man refuse to fly?‎ A. He wants to enjoy the scenery.‎ B. He thinks it's dangerous.‎ C. He likes taking the bus.‎ ‎7. Which means of transport does the woman prefer?‎ A. The car. B. The bus. C. The train.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. C ‎【解析】‎ M: How are we going there? Have you decided yet?‎ W: Should we fly? It's fast.‎ M:But if we fly, well miss the beautiful scenery.‎ W: You are right. Then forget about airplanes.‎ M:Let's drive then. We can rent a car.‎ W: Drive? That sounds dangerous.‎ M:Then the only other choices are the train or the bus. I d like to see what an American bus is like.‎ W: They are not as nice as trains.‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. Why is the woman worried?‎ A. She has no time to write her book.‎ B. She doesn't know what to read.‎ C. She hasn't finished her task.‎ ‎9. What do we know about the man?‎ A. His writing is going very slowly.‎ B. He has forgotten to write his reports.‎ C. He has been to Europe with the woman.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A ‎【解析】‎ W: How are you, John?‎ M: I am OK, and you, Carol?‎ W: Oh, busy. I've been working on those book reports for ages.‎ M:Me, too. Have you finished reading the books?‎ W: I haven't and I am so worried. What about you?‎ M: I already have, but the writing is going so slowly. I feel like I have to read all the books again. I am so forgetful.‎ W:Really? Well, what are you going to do after you finish the task?‎ M: I don't know. I hope I can go to Europe and relax.‎ W:So do I.‎ ‎8题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎10. Why does the woman make the call?‎ A. To book a hotel room.‎ B. To ask about the room service.‎ C. To make changes to a reservation.‎ ‎11. When will the woman arrive at the hotel?‎ A. On September 15. B. On September 16. C. On September 23.‎ ‎12. How much will the woman pay for her room per night?‎ A. $ 179. B. $ 199. C. $ 219.‎ ‎【答案】10. C 11. B 12. B ‎【解析】‎ M: Hello, Milton Hotel Reservations. How may I assist you?‎ W: Hi, I'm calling to make some changes to an existing reservation.‎ M: Certainly. Do you have the reservation number?‎ W: Sure, it's 219.‎ M:That's a reservation for Sally Menkel. Is that right?‎ W: Yes, that's right. Ld like to change the check-in date from September 15 to September 16.‎ M: Certainly. I can make that change for you. Is that the only change?‎ W: No, the check-out date will also change from the 23rd to the 24th.‎ M: No problem. We have you arriving on the 16th of September and leaving on the 24th of September—altogether, eight nights. Will there be anything else?‎ W: Yes. Instead of a courtyard room, I'd like a room with a view, preferably on an upper floor.‎ M: I can certainly change that for you, but there will be a change in the room rate. The new rate is $ 199 per night, instead of the original $ 179.‎ W: OK. Thank you very muck M: You're welcome. Have a nice day!‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎13. What is the woman's plan for Saturday?‎ A. Going boating. B. Going camping. C. Going shopping ‎14. Where will the woman stay in Keswick?‎ A. In a country hotel. B. In a five-star hotel. C. In her aunt's home ‎15. What will the man do over the weekend?‎ A. Visit his friends. B. Watch films. C. Join the woman.‎ ‎16. What does the woman think of the man's coming weekend?‎ A. Relaxing. B. Boring C. Busy.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. A 15. B 16. B ‎【解析】‎ W: Gordon, I'm going to Keswick in the Lake District this weekend. M: Really?‎ W: Yeah, five of us. Why don't you join us? We're getting to Keswick on Friday. Then we're going boating on Saturday. And on Sunday, we're going to do some shopping. Then I will take some time to visit my aunt Lucy.‎ M: YouJre not going to camp, are you? Isn't it a bit cold?‎ W: No, we're not. It is a bit cold. We're staying in a country hotel. It's not like five-star hotels or anything. But it's really comfortable.‎ M: Hmm, sounds interesting. You know, it's the boating that I don't like.‎ W: Well, what are you up to?‎ M: Sit on my sofa all weekend and watch the films I like. And that will be a busy weekend. I may finish watching Friends.‎ W: I don't know how you can do that all weekend, Gordon. I'd get bored.‎ M: I know, I know. But that's really what I want to do.‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎17. What is the problem some of the university students are facing?‎ A. They don't know what to do with their free time.‎ B. They don't spend all their time on studies.‎ C. They don't have choices for outside class activities.‎ ‎18. How is the students, high school life according to the speech?‎ A. Regular and colorful . B. Controlled and busy. C. Active and independent.‎ ‎19. Why do the university students do more than one thing at the same time?‎ A. They haven't enough time.‎ B. They want to improve themselves.‎ C. They have many choices open to them.‎ ‎20. What does the speaker advise his students to do?‎ A. Learn to enjoy themselves.‎ B. Learn to develop their potential.‎ C. Learn to be their own masters.‎ ‎【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C ‎【解析】‎ In my spoken English class, I asked the students about their impressions of university life. To my surprise, many of them expressed disappointment. After their highly-controlled high school lives , they are having difficulty adjusting to the free time in the university. When I asked them to describe their high school lives, many of them told me they got up at ‎6 in the morning and studied until 10 at night. Most of this time was spent at school, doing piles of homework to help them prepare for the university entrance exams.‎ Once they entered the university, in my opinion, the students are not expected to devote all their waking hours to studying. They should also take an active part in social activities. But what struck me most was that many of them did seem particularly happy about their new found freedom. As they had so many choices, they felt that no matter what they were doing, they should be doing something else. That's why they were not happy. To those students, my advice was: get used to it and learn to make decisions for yourselves.‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、E、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Each year. Time magazine picks the best of the year's inventions that will change how we live, work, and play.‎ Aira For people who are blind, everyday tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough. What if they could "borrow” the eyes of someone who can see? That's the thinking behind Aira. Aira is a service Users send live videoes of their surroundings to an agent This is done with special glasses or a smartphone app The agents are always available. They can answer questions, describe objects, and guide users through a location.‎ ‎3M‎ Smog-reducing Granules Smog is a type of air pollution. It comes from car and factory emissions. The company ‎3M has created a new material, ‎3M smog-reducing granules (微粒)，which can break down smog granules in the air. The broken-down granules are washed away the next time it rains The granules will help reduce air pollution.‎ The Whill Model CI More than 3 million Americans use wheelchairs to get around. But most wheelchairs are hard to move on many surfaces. The Whill Model CI is different. It is a new electric wheelchair. It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.‎ Allbirds Many shoe parts are not eco-friendly. Allbirds is trying to change that It is testing a new material called Sweet Foam, which is made from parts of the sugarcane (甘蔗)plant that would be thrown away. Allbirds has started using Sweet Foam in a line of flip-flops (人字 拖).It plans to use the material in more of its product lines.‎ ‎21. Who is Aira fit for?‎ A. Laundry workers. B. Blind people.‎ C. High school students. D. Service agents.‎ ‎22. What's the aim of designing the Whill Model CI?‎ A. To drive a car easily.‎ B. To reduce traffic accidents.‎ C. To overcome obstacles in life.‎ D. To offer the disabled convenience.‎ ‎23. Which inventions are environmentally friendly?‎ A. Aira and the Whill Model CI.‎ B. The Whill Model CI and Allbirds.‎ C. ‎3M Smog-reducing Granules and Allbirds.‎ D. Aira and ‎3M Smog-reducing Granules.‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了《时代》杂志选出的几个改变我们生活、工作和娱乐方式的最佳发明。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For people who are blind, everyday tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough.”可知，Aira适合盲人，故B项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.”可知，Whill Model CI能爬上两英寸高的障碍物，在狭小的空间里活动。也可以在几分钟内拆卸，便于运输，由此可知，设计Whill Model CI的目的是为使用轮椅的残疾人提供方便，故D项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‎3M smog-reducing granules (微粒)，which can break down smog granules in the air.”和最后一段中的“Many shoe parts are not eco-friendly. Allbirds is trying to change that”可知，‎3M减雾颗粒可以分解空气中的烟雾颗粒；Allbirds鞋的部件是环保的，由此可知它们两个是环保的，故C项正确。.‎ B When 45-year-old Randy Pausch was diagnosed with pancreatic (胰腺)cancer, he chose to focus on living rather than dying. As a computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, Pausch was asked to deliver a "last lecture”. This well-known campus tradition allowed professors to share worldly wisdom with students as if they were dying and had one last lecture to give.‎ The only difference in Pausch's case is that Pausch really was dying, but it only motivated him more. He delivered his last lecture, "Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams” on Sept. 18, 2007.‎ Pausch began by sharing several of his boyhood dreams, some of which he had achieved and ‎ the others he hadn't. He described the importance of having dreams and how anyone can still learn a lot by reaching for those dreams, even if they don't always succeed He shared the values learned through experience, which he hoped to pass on to others hard work, laughter and gratitude.honesty , character ,‎ Pausch's last lecture received a great deal of praise and attention. It became a crazy YouTube hit, and in October 2007, he presented an abridged (删节的)version on “The Oprah Winfrey Show". He turned the lecture into a book by the same name, which quickly became a best-seller. Readers were deeply moved by the book's representation of Pausch's lifelong philosophy and the way it revealed the biggest source of his motivation—his three young children.‎ Pausch passed away on July 25, 2008, but his voice lives on in the recorded lecture and his book He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams—a source of inspiration that can never run dry.‎ ‎24. Why was Pausch asked to give his "last lecture ?‎ A. To teach the students. B. To make him have a better he C. To cure his cancer. D. To achieve his dream.‎ ‎25. What was Pausch's lecture mainly about?‎ A. His private life in boyhood. B. Having dreams and good values.‎ C. The reason for his success. D. The experience learned from others.‎ ‎26. Which of the following motivated Pausch most?‎ A. His dreams. B. His children. C. His work. D. His students.‎ ‎27. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Keep on Dreaming B. The Meaning of Life C. Motivation from Life D. Give the Last Lecture ‎【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了身患胰腺癌的波什教授做最后的演讲激励我们不要放弃自己的梦想。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pausch was asked to deliver a "last lecture”. This well-known campus tradition allowed professors to share worldly wisdom with students as if they were dying and had one last lecture to give.”可知，波什教授被要求做做一次最后的演讲是为了与学生们分享世俗的智慧，也就是为了教育学生，故A项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He described the importance of having dreams and how anyone can still learn a lot by reaching for those dreams, even if they don't always succeed He shared the values learned through experience, which he hoped to pass on to others hard work, laughter and gratitude.honesty , character ,”可知，波什在演讲中讲述了拥有梦想的重要性以及通过追求梦想学到的努力、诚实、乐观和感恩等，也就是说他的演讲主要是关于拥有梦想和良好的价值观，故B项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it revealed the biggest source of his motivation—his three young children.”可知，波什的三个孩子给他的动力最大，故B项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的“He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams—a source of inspiration that can never run dry.”可知，本文讲述了身患胰腺癌的波什教授做一次最后的演讲激励我们不要放弃自己的梦想，故A项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】文章标题形式的主旨大意难度在于被选选项一定要具有高度的概括性，因此抓住主题句的关键词很重要，例如本篇第4题，根据最后一段中的“He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams”可知，本文讲述了身患胰腺癌的波什教授做一次最后的演讲激励我们不要放弃自己的梦想，因此文章标题一定要体现出坚持梦想，故A项（坚持梦想）最能概括出文章内容。‎ C Maryland is expected to become the first state of the USA to ban foam (泡沫橡胶)food packaging, takeout containers and cups The new proposed law passed both of the state's legislative bodies (立法机关)this week with enough votes to override a potential rejection signed by Gov. Larry Hogan, who has not publicly signaled whether he supported the law or not. The law would ‎ become the latest in a growing effort worldwide to ban kinds of single-use plastic products, due to their impacts on the environment.‎ With the statewide previous ban effort, Maryland's two counties, Prince George and Montgomery, had already banned foam packaging. Del. Brooke Lierman, who introduced similar legislation last year and in 2017, says changing public opinion helped her third attempt succeed.‎ ‎“I think we have reached a danger point,” she says. “People are seeing how common single-use plastics are, and that they are not recyclable and never going away. People are beginning to understand the importance of living more sustainably. "‎ The new law would ban foam food packaging for products packaged in-state, including restaurants, cafes, food trucks, and grocery stores. The final version of the bill includes exceptions, such as meat. The ban would go into force on July 1, 2020 and would carry fines of $ 250.‎ The legislation was opposed by the Maryland Retailers Association, which warned that outlawing foam packaging could hurt small businesses by higher costs. Foam packaging remains popular among restaurants and the food industry because it is lightweight, inexpensive, and keeps food and drinks hot.‎ Foam food containers have been banned in cities or counties in 11 states, including Seattle, Portland, Washington D. C. , San Francisco, and numerous other cities in California. A ban in New York City took effect at the beginning of this year after a long legal battle ended last summer.‎ ‎28. How did Maryland carry out the ban of foam food packaging?‎ A. By passing a new law.‎ B. By fining foam packaging users C. By closing some local companies.‎ D. By teaching people to focus on the environment.‎ ‎29. What does the underlined word “override" in paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. Explain. B. Prove. C. Reject. D. Tolerate.‎ ‎30. What is the key to the third success according to Del. Brooke Lierman?‎ A. Learning from other cities. B. Getting medium's support.‎ C. Changing public opinion. D. Hurting small businesses.‎ ‎31. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. Foam food packages will disappear in the world.‎ B. People in Maryland support the law absolutely.‎ C. Foam food packages haven't any advantage at all.‎ D. Meat will be allowed to be sold in foam food packages in America.‎ ‎【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马里兰州通过一项新法案禁止泡沫食品包装，使其有望成为美国第一个禁止泡沫食品包装的州。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The new proposed law passed both of the state's legislative bodies (立法机关)this week with enough votes”可知，马里兰州是通过一项新法案禁止泡沫食品包装的，故A项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Maryland is expected to become the first state of the USA to ban foam (泡沫橡胶)food packaging, takeout containers and cups”可知，马里兰有望成为美国第一个禁止泡沫食品包装的州，再结合画线词后的“a potential rejection signed by Gov. Larry Hogan, who has not publicly signaled whether he supported the law or not.”可知，州长拉里霍根并没有公开表示是否支持这项新提议，所以本周该州的两个立法机构都以足够的票数通过了这项新提议，推翻了州长签署的一项可能遭到否决的议案，由此可知画线词词义为“拒绝、驳回”，故C项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Del. Brooke Lierman, who introduced similar legislation last year and in 2017, says changing public opinion helped her third attempt succeed.”可知，布鲁克·利尔曼表示，公众舆论的改变是她第三次尝试获得成功的关键，故C项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The final version of the bill includes exceptions, such as meat.”可知，法案的最终版本包括一些例外，比如肉类，也就是说在美国，肉类将被允许以泡沫食品包装出售，故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，对画线词上下文的理解是关键，例如本篇第2题，根据画线词前的内容可知，马里兰有望成为美国第一个禁止泡沫食品包装的州，再结合画线词后的 ‎“a potential rejection signed by Gov. Larry Hogan, who has not publicly signaled whether he supported the law or not.”可知，州长拉里霍根并没有公开表示是否支持这项新提议，所以该州的两个立法机构都以足够的票数通过了这项新提议，推翻了州长签署的一项可能遭到否决的议案，使新法案得以顺利实施，由此可知画线词词义为“拒绝、驳回”。‎ D Taking at least twenty minutes out of your day to walk or sit in a place that makes you feel in contact with nature will significantly lower your stress hormone levels. That's the finding of a study that has established for the first time the most effective amount of an urban nature experience. Healthcare professionals can use this discovery to prescribe (开药) “nature-pills" in the knowledge that they have a real measurable effect ‎"We know that spending time in nature reduces stress, but until now it was unclear how much is enough, how often to do it, or even what kind of nature experience will benefit us,” says Dr. Hunter, a lead author of this research. “Our study shows that for the greatest payoff, in terms of efficiently lowering levels of the stress hormone, you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature.‎ To assist healthcare professionals looking for evidence-based guidelines on what exactly to distribute, Hunter and her colleagues designed an experiment that would give a realistic estimate of an effective amount.‎ Over an 8-week period, participants were asked to take a nature pill with a duration of 10 minutes or more, at least 3 times a week. Levels of stress hormone, were measured from saliva (唾液)samples taken before and after a nature pill, once every two weeks. The data revealed that just a twenty-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce stress levels.‎ Healthcare professionals can use our results as an evidence-based rule of thumb on what to put in a nature-pill prescription," said Hunter. "It provides the first estimates of how na- ture experiences impact stress levels in the context of normal daily life. It breaks new ground by addressing some of the complexities of measuring an effective nature amount."‎ ‎32. What's the great significance of the study?‎ A. It finds out a new way to release stress.‎ B. It can help doctors prescribe various pills C. It makes it clear that exercise can help release stress.‎ D. It finds out the accurate amount of nature experience.‎ ‎33. How did Hunter get the finding?‎ A. By working with some doctors. B. By asking participants questions.‎ C. By carrying out an experiment. D. By comparing the previous data.‎ ‎34. What did Hunter think of the result of the study?‎ A. It has drawbacks. B. It's meaningful.‎ C. It's worth researching further. D. It needs more discussions.‎ ‎35. What's the main idea of the text?‎ A. Nature has close relationship with stress.‎ B. We should stay in nature to keep healthy.‎ C. We cannot get close to nature frequently.‎ D. Staying in nature for proper time will lower stress level.‎ ‎【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现在自然中呆一段时间会降低压力水平。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That's the finding of a study that has established for the first time the most effective amount of an urban nature experience.”可知，这项研究的意义在于它精确地确定了接触自然的时间量，故D项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hunter and her colleagues designed an experiment that would give a realistic estimate of an effective amount.”可知，Hunter是通过实验得出这一结果的，故C项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It breaks new ground by addressing some of the complexities of measuring an effective nature amount.”可知，这项研究的结果解决了测量有效接触自然时间量的复杂性，开辟了新的领域，由此可知，Hunter认为这项研究的结果是有意义的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Taking at least twenty minutes out of your day to walk or sit in a place that makes you feel in contact with nature will significantly lower your stress hormone levels”可知，每天至少抽出20分钟的时间去散步或坐在一个能让你感觉到与自然接触的地方，这会大大降低你的压力荷尔蒙水平，由此可知，本文介绍的是研究发现在自然中呆一段时间会降低压力水平，故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】涉及到人物态度的推理判断题难度较大，文章一般不会直接表明作者的态度，需要我们根据人物在文中所说的话揣摩其态度，因为语言是最能反映出人物态度的，例如本篇第3题，‎ 根据最后一段中Hunter所说的话“It breaks new ground by addressing some of the complexities of measuring an effective nature amount.”可知，这项研究的结果解决了测量有效接触自然时间量的复杂性，开辟了新的领域，特别是“breaks new ground”表明Hunter认为这项研究的结果是有意义的。‎ 第二节(共5小题海小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ It is important to teach your dog to guard you and the other members of your family to fight against danger Here are some tips on how to train your dog to protect you.‎ ‎___36___‎ It is very important to introduce your dog to other people and let it interact with them. A good guard dog is friendly to the people around it. This exercise is very important because it will help the dog distinguish between good people and bad people. ___37___‎ Use proper commands A dog acts according to how it has been trained. The only way to do this is through com- mands and your own body actions and sounds. Command the dog to attack by saying the word “Attack” loudly. Soon, whenever you use the command "Attack!", your dog will understand that it needs to fight the thing you are pointing at. ____38____ , you must also train it to stop the attack.‎ Teach night guarding Teach your dog to keep a check on the house by taking it around the house and making it sniff ‎ the area. You will need to do this a couple of times so that the dog understands that it needs to keep a check every night. ____39____ . It will check the house and return back indoors.‎ Reward it for its good behavior Giving rewards such as a pat, a hug, verbal praise "Good dog!" or treats is an excellent way of letting the dog know that you are happy with its behavior. ___40___ , it is your duty to make sure your dog is rewarded for its good behavior and punished for its bad behavior. Pun-ishment involves scolding the dog by using the command "Bad dog!” or "No, very bad!” This will help the dog learn that it mustn't do certain things.‎ A. Since you are the master B. Encourage communication C. While you are training the dog to attack D. Train an older dog to protect its master E. After a few days, the dog will begin to check on its own F. People who are good will be those who are allowed to come close to it G. If your dog does not come inside, you will need to command it to get back ‎【答案】36. B 37. F ‎ ‎38. C 39. E ‎ ‎40. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何训练你的狗来保护你和家人的几点建议。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据本段第一句话“It is very important to introduce your dog to other people and let it interact with them.”可知，把你的狗介绍给别人，让它和别人互动是非常重要的，故B项（鼓励交流）符合语境。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据本空前的“This exercise is very important because it will help the dog distinguish between good people and bad people.”可知，这个练习非常重要，因为它将帮助狗区分好人和坏人，故F项（好人就是那些被允许接近它的人）符合语境。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据本空后的“you must also train it to stop the attack.‎ ‎”可知，当你训练狗攻击时，你还必须训练它停止攻击，故C项（当你训练狗攻击时）符合语境。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 根据本空后的“It will check the house and return back indoors”可知，它会检查房子，然后回到室内，故E项（几天后，狗会开始自己检查）符合语境。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据本空后的“it is your duty to make sure your dog is rewarded for its good behavior and punished for its bad behavior.”可知，既然你是主人，你有责任确保你的狗因为它的好行为而得到奖励，因为它的坏行为而受到惩罚，故A项（既然你是主人）符合语境。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节(共20小题海小题1. 5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。‎ Several nights ago, I was lying in bed experiencing a dream that I chose to keep close to my heart forever.‎ An elderly stranger approached me with an inviting ___41___ . His deep comforting voice made me ___42___ his every word. His laugh made him seem full of ___43___ and somewhat grandfather-like. I instantly sensed a feeling of ___44___ between me and this wise old man.‎ As he spoke, I listened. He told me of his ___45___ of unpleasant rap music while I attempted to convince him that modern art can be beautiful, too. He ___46___ me of "the good old days" which I told him that I missed, too.‎ Suddenly, I detected tears fall down his rough unshaven cheeks. I grew___47___ and asked him why he was crying. He assured me not to ___48___ because he was crying with joy. I asked what was making him so ___49___. He told me that I reminded him of his _____50_____ when he too was once full of an eagerness to learn.‎ My friend then whispered a(n) _____51_____ that touched me deeply. He said, "A moment will disappear soon unless you make it ______52______ . " He taught me to live in the moment which is far too _____53_____to throw away.‎ This old man _____54_____ to tell me that the world is full of new wonders to explore. He taught me to be _____55_____ however stupid they may sound. He advised me to read any and a ll books, because you never know when the _____56_____ may help you later in life. Most importantly, he told me never to stop _______57_______ .‎ Unlike my_______58_______ companion, my future still awaits me. I will soon be filled with ______59______thoughts and emotions. There is no doubt in my mind that I will try to discover and never _____60_____ for I am aware that my ambition will carry me to the top.‎ ‎41. A. view B. picture C. letter D. smile ‎42. A. comment B. trust C. judge D. repeat ‎43. A. wisdom B. wonder C. imagination D. complaint ‎44. A. shame B. meaning C. balance D. relationship ‎45. A. hope B. disapproval C. pleasure D. development ‎46. A. cheated B. informed C. reminded D. warned ‎47. A. interested B. relieved C. concerned D. disappointed ‎48. A. believe B. leave C. wait D. worry ‎49. A. upset B. awkward C. delighted D. desperate ‎50. A. youth B. future C. decision D. service ‎51. A. effect B. advantage C. promise D. statement ‎52. A. complex B. original C. unforgettable D. understandable ‎53. A. normal B. precious C. unexpected D. universal ‎54. A. chose B. desired C. continued D. happened ‎55. A. curious B. patient C. efficient D. successful ‎56. A. dialogue B. travel C. experience D. knowledge ‎57. A. traveling B. dreaming C. developing D. combining ‎58. A. aged B. common C. helpful D. devoted ‎59. A. new B. sincere C. reliable D. unbelievable ‎60. A. put off B. give up C. turn around D. get back ‎【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. A 60. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者做了一个梦，梦到一个老人（老年的自己）教给了他一些人生的道理。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. view视野；B. picture图画；C. letter信； D. smile微笑。根据本空后的“voice”及“laugh”可知，此处是对这个人的表情描写，一个上了年纪的人带着迷人的微笑向我走来，故D项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. comment评论；B. trust相信、信任；C. judge评判；D. repeat重复。根据本空前的“His deep comforting voice made me”可知，他低沉而安慰的声音让我相信他说的每一句话，故B项正确。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. wisdom智慧；B. wonder奇迹； C. imagination想象；D. complaint抱怨。根据语境可知，他的笑使他看起来充满智慧，有点像爷爷，本空后的“wise”也是提示，故A项正确。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. shame羞愧； B. meaning意义； C. balance平衡；D. relationship关系。根据本空后的“between me and this wise old man.”可知，我立刻感觉到我和这位睿智的老人之间的关系，故D项正确。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. hope希望；B. disapproval不赞成、不喜欢；C. pleasure 快乐；D. development发展。根据本空后的“of unpleasant rap music while I attempted to convince him that modern art can be beautiful, too.”可知，他告诉我他不喜欢令人不快的说唱音乐，而我试图说服他现代艺术也是很好的，故B项正确。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 超差动词词义辨析。A. cheated欺骗；B. informed通知；C. reminded使想起；D. warned警告。根据本空后的“me of "the good old days" which I told him that I missed, too.”可知，他让我想起了“美好的过去”，我告诉他我也想念那些日子，remind sb of sth表示“使某人想起……”，故C项正确。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. interested感兴趣的；B. relieved放心的；C. concerned关心的；D. disappointed失望的。根据本空后的“and asked him why he was crying.”可知，我关切地问他为什么流泪，故C项正确。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. believe相信；B. leave离开；C. wait等待；D. worry担心。根据本空后的“because he was crying with joy.”可知，他告诉我不用担心，因为那是喜悦的泪水，故D项正确。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. upset心烦的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. delighted高兴的；D. desperate绝望的。上文他说那是喜悦的泪水，所以我问他是什么让他如此高兴，故C项正确。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. youth年轻、青年时期；B. future未来；C. decision决定；D. service服务。根据本空后的“when he too was once full of an eagerness to learn.”及下文他说的话可知，他告诉我，我让他想起了他的青年时代，那时他也曾经充满了求知欲，故A项正确。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. effect效果；B. advantage优势；C. promise承诺；D. statement陈述。根据本空后的“He said, "A moment will disappear soon unless you make it ____12____ . "”可知，然后，他低声说了一段话，深深地打动了我，故D项正确。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. complex复杂的；B. original最初的；C. unforgettable难忘的；D. understandable难以理解的。根据本空前的“He said, "A moment will disappear soon unless you make it "”可知，他说:“当下很快就会消失，除非你让它永远难忘”，故C项正确。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. normal正常的；B. precious宝贵的；C. unexpected意外的；D. universal普遍的。根据本空后的“to throw away”可知，他教导我要活在当下，时间很珍贵，不能浪费，故B项正确。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. chose选择；B. desired想要；C. continued继续；D. happened发生。根据本空后的“to tell me that the world is full of new wonders to explore.”可知，他继续告诉我说这个世界充满了值得探索的新奇迹，故C项正确。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. curious好奇的；B. patient耐心的；C. efficient有效率的；D. successful成功的。上文说世界上有很多新的奇迹值得探索，他告诉我要保持好奇心，不管它们听起来多么愚蠢，故A项正确。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. dialogue对话；B. travel旅行；C. experience经历；D. knowledge知识。根据本空前的“He advised me to read any and all books”可知，他建议我多读书，因为你永远不知道什么时候知识就会帮到你，故D项正确。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. traveling旅行；B. dreaming梦想；C. developing发展；D. combining结合。根据语境可知，他告诉我永远不要停止拥有梦想，故B项正确。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. aged老年的；B. common平常的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. devoted献身的。根据上文中的“An elderly stranger”可知，此处指的是前面提到的老者，故A项正确。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. sincere真诚的；C. reliable可靠的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。上文说我的未来还在等着我，我很快就充满新的思想和情感，故A项正确。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. put off推迟；B. give up放弃；C. turn around转向；D. get back返回。根据本空后的“for I am aware that my ambition will carry me to the top.”可知，毫无疑问，我将努力去发现，永远不会放弃，因为我知道我的抱负将把我带到制高点，故B项正确。‎ 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ On the first day of her work, Sally found that a class full of ____61____ (problem) was waiting for her. Six teachers ___62___ (quit) before she came to the class. When she walked into the classroom, it was ___63___ a mess: two boys were fighting in the far corner, yet the rest of the class seemed not to notice them； some girls were chatting and some were running； paper, food packages and other garbage ___64___ (put) on the desk... Just when she was about to speak, a student, ___65___was twenty minutes late, rushed in and pushed her aside!‎ Sally walked onto the platform, picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are a family!” All students stopped ___66___ (look) at her. And she continued with Rule 2, Rule 3... In the____67____ (follow) weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them on the walls of the classroom. She ___68___ (patient) explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them Surprisingly, Sally was not driven out like ___69___ former teachers; instead, she won respect from the students During the year, she witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony, just as she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class full of care, good manners and ___70___ (confident).‎ ‎【答案】61. problems ‎ ‎62. had quit / had quitted ‎ ‎63. in 64. were put ‎ ‎65. who 66. to look ‎ ‎67. following ‎ ‎68. patiently ‎ ‎69. the 70. confidence ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了萨莉老师把一个差班改造成一个充满关爱、有礼貌和自信的班级的故事。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：工作的第一天，萨莉发现有一个满是问题的班级正等着她。problem是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填problems。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：在她来之前，已经走了六位老师。quit这一动作发生在came之前，也就是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，quit的过去分词为quit或quitted，故填had quit / had quitted。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：当她走进教室时，教室里乱作一团。in a mess表示“一团糟”，故填in。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意：纸，食品包装和其他垃圾被放在桌子上。事情发生在过去，paper, food packages and other garbage与put之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were put。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：正当她要讲话时，一个迟到二十分钟的学生冲了进来，把她推到一边。此处为非限定性定语从句，空处指代先行词a student并在从句中作主语，故填who。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：所有学生都停下来看她。stop to do表示“停下来去做某事”，故填to look。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：在接下来的几周里，萨莉制定了十条班级规定，并把它们贴在教室的墙上。修饰名词weeks用形容词，following表示“接着的”，故填following。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：她耐心地向学生解释所有的规定，并要求每个人都遵守。修饰动词explained用副词，故填patiently。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查定冠词。句意：令人惊讶的是，萨莉不像以前的老师那样被气走。此处特指以前被气走的老师，故填the。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：她非常自豪地站在一个充满关爱、有礼貌和自信的班级面前。作full of的宾语用名词，故填confidence。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分 Today, more and more English words find its way into the Chinese language. Even the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese included many English words. Some people support it and others do not.‎ Generally, I'm in the favor of the inclusion. As the number of English learners are increasing ,it's not difficult to understand these borrowing words in Chinese contexts. Beside, on some occasions, it is more convenient to use English words. Most people nowadays use "IT" instead its translation "xinxi jishu". In our globe village, we can see that it's uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages. So I support the inclusion.‎ ‎【答案】its→their included→includes and→but/while 删掉favor前的the are→is borrowing→borrowed Beside→Besides instead后面加上of globe→global uncommon→common ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《当代汉语词典》也收录了许多英语单词，不同的人持不同的观点，作者对此持支持态度并解释了原因。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查代词。句意：如今，越来越多的英语单词加入到汉语之中。此处与主语more and more English words保持一致，故its改为their。‎ 第二处：考查时态。句意：甚至《当代汉语词典》也收录了许多英语单词。讲述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语是the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese，谓语用第三人称单数，故included改为includes。‎ 第三处：考查连词。句意：有些人支持，但（而）有些人不支持。前后是转折而非并列关系，故and改为but/while。‎ 第四处：考查冠词。句意：我赞成把它包括进来。in favor of表示“赞成”，是固定搭配，the是多余的，故删掉favor前的the。‎ 第五处：考查主谓一致。句意：随着英语学习者人数的增加，在汉语语境中理解这些外来词并不难。the number of作主语，谓语用第三人称单数，故are改为is。‎ 第六处：考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析， words与borrow之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语，故borrowing改为borrowed。‎ 第七处：考查beside与besides的区别。句意：此外，在某些情况下，使用英语单词更方便。beside是介词，表示“在……旁边”，besides是副词，表示“此外”，故Beside改为Besides。‎ 第八处：考查固定短语。句意：现在，大多数人用“IT”来代替它的翻译“信息技术”。instead of表示“代替”，故instead后面加上of。‎ 第九处：考查形容词。句意：在地球村，我们可以看到，一种语言引入其他语言的词汇是很常见的。所以我支持把它包括进来。修饰名词village用形容词，故globe改为global。‎ 第十处：考查形容词。句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知此处表示“常见的”，故uncommon改为common。‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎72.假定你是李华。你在网上得知在你市留学的Larson最近总是失眠，你决定给予他帮助。 就此请你用英语给他写封电子邮件，内容包括:‎ ‎1. 进行安慰；‎ ‎2.询问失眠的具体原因；‎ ‎3.约定地点以便当面详谈。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Larson,‎ I have learnt that you have trouble in falling asleep, which makes me worry a lot about you. However, you don't need to feel too discouraged, because it's a common phenomenon and there are some ways to deal with it.‎ First of all, I want you to tell me the reason why you always can't have a good sleep. Is it your health situation or life pressure that causes the problem? Maybe it's inconvenient to contact through an e-mail. What if we make an appointment at the public library of our city to talk face to face?‎ If you feel pleased with my appointment, please let me know it. I'm looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华。你在网上得知在你市留学的Larson最近总是失眠，你决定给予他帮助。 就此请你用英语给他写封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 进行安慰；2.询问失眠的具体原因；3.约定地点以便当面详谈。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；insomnia（失眠），comfort（安慰），a common phenomenon（正常现象），discouraged（丧气的）， health situation（身体状况），inconvenient（不方便的）及pressure（压力）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ 本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有fall asleep（入睡），have trouble in doing（做某事有困难），worry about (担心)，make an appointment（约定）以及deal with（处理），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“I have learnt that you have trouble in falling asleep, which makes me worry a lot about you.”，状语从句“However, you don't need to feel too discouraged, because it's a common phenomenon and there are some ways to deal with it.”，定语从句“First of all, I want you to tell me the reason why you always can't have a good sleep.”，强调句型“Is it your health situation or life pressure that causes the problem?”，形式主语“Maybe it's inconvenient to contact through an e-mail.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ ‎ ‎