英语卷·2018届山东省师大附中高二上学期期中考试（第五次学分认定）（2016-11）

英语卷·2018届山东省师大附中高二上学期期中考试（第五次学分认定）（2016-11）

山东师大附中2015级第五次学分认定考试[]‎ 英 语 试 卷 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，满分为150分，考试用时120分钟。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填写在规定的位置上。‎ ‎2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。‎ ‎3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其他笔。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（共90分）‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）‎ ‎ 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. Where does the conversation take place?‎ ‎ A. In a restaurant. ‎ ‎ B. In a store. ‎ ‎ C. In a hotel. ‎ ‎2. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?‎ ‎ A. Employer and employee. ‎ ‎ B. Next door neighbors. ‎ ‎ C. Two good friends.‎ ‎3. What time will the train leave?‎ ‎ A. At 11:00 tonight. ‎ ‎ B. At 6:10 tomorrow morning. ‎ ‎ C. At 11:00 tomorrow morning.‎ ‎4. What will the woman do for the man?‎ ‎ A. Get him some fruit. ‎ ‎ B. Wash his clothes. ‎ ‎ C. Take him to the supermarket.‎ ‎5. What will the two speakers most probably do this weekend?‎ ‎ A. See a film. ‎ ‎ B. Climb a mountain. ‎ ‎ C. Play table tennis.‎ 第二节 ‎ ‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. When did the man reserve the room?‎ ‎ A. On October 8th. ‎ ‎ B. On October 15th. ‎ ‎ C. On October 22nd.‎ ‎7. How does the man want to pay?‎ ‎ A. In cash. ‎ ‎ B. By traveler’s check. ‎ ‎ C. By credit card.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Who is on a banana diet?‎ ‎ A. The man’s sister. ‎ ‎ B. The man’s cousin. ‎ ‎ C. The man’s neighbor.‎ ‎9. What is the woman probably going to do?‎ ‎ A. Play tennis. ‎ ‎ B. See a doctor. ‎ ‎ C. Go shopping.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. When did the club open again?‎ ‎ A. On the twelfth. ‎ ‎ B. On the thirteenth. ‎ ‎ C. On the fourteenth.‎ ‎11. Why is the man looking for today’s newspaper? ‎ ‎ A. To get some important news. ‎ ‎ B. To find what films are on this week.‎ ‎ C. To find out today’s date.‎ ‎12. What will Mary do on Saturday?‎ ‎ A. Go to see a film. ‎ ‎ B. Play tennis. ‎ ‎ C. Go to see her family.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What happened to the woman?‎ ‎ A. She lost her handbag. ‎ ‎ B. Somebody took her purse. ‎ ‎ C. She found her bag missing.‎ ‎14. What can we know about the robber?‎ ‎ A. He was tall. ‎ ‎ B. He had short hair. ‎ ‎ C. He was old.‎ ‎15. What clothes was the robber wearing?‎ ‎ A. Pants and a shirt. ‎ ‎ B. Jeans and a shirt. ‎ ‎ C. Jeans and a T-shirt.‎ ‎16. What is the purse made of?‎ ‎ A. Cloth. ‎ ‎ B. Leather. ‎ ‎ C. Plastic. ‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What was Annie Oakley famous for?‎ ‎ A. Her perfect shooting skills.‎ ‎ B. Her good performance in the film.‎ ‎ C. Her adventure in traveling.‎ ‎18. Why did Annie Oakley begin to learn hunting?‎ ‎ A. To support her family.‎ ‎ B. To teach herself living skills.‎ ‎ C. To make her dream come true.‎ ‎19. At what age did Annie Oakley die?‎ ‎ A. 46. ‎ ‎ B. 56. ‎ ‎ C. 66.‎ ‎20. What can we learn about Annie Oakley？‎ ‎ A. She grew up in the American Wild West.‎ ‎ B. She ever fought in a battle.‎ ‎ C. She acted in a traveling show.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共满分40分）‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．‎ A ‎ A scientist who developed a way to calculate how much water is used in the production of anything from a cup of coffee to a hamburger was awarded the 2008 Stockholm Water Prize.‎ ‎ Professor John Anthony Allan of the University of London in Britain won the award ‎ for introducing the idea of “virtual water (虚拟水)”, a calculation method that has changed the nature of trade policy and research.‎ ‎ Allan has written seven books and published more than 100 papers.‎ ‎ The Stockholm International Water Institute said this idea is now embedded (埋藏) in the production of foods and industrial products. The institute said Allan’s work had made a big effect on global trade policy and research, especially in water-scarce (缺水的) regions.‎ ‎ “The improved understanding of trade and water management issues on local, regional and global scales are of the highest value for the successful and sustainable (可持续的) use of water resources,” it said.‎ ‎ “People do not only use water when they drink it or take a shower,” the institute said. “Behind the morning cup of coffee, there are 140 liters of water that was used to grow, produce, package and ship the beans.” That is about as much water as a person in England uses on average for all daily drinking and household needs.‎ ‎ “For a single hamburger, about 2,400 liters of water are needed. In the USA, the average person uses nearly 7,000 liters of virtual water every day.” It said that was more than three times the average use of a Chinese person.‎ ‎21. Allan was awarded the prize because _______.‎ ‎ A. he wrote seven books on trade policy ‎ B. he published more than 100 papers on water management ‎ C. he found a new kind of water in water-scarce areas ‎ D. he came up with the idea of virtual water ‎22. What can be inferred according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. The average Chinese uses nearly 2,300 liters of virtual water a day.‎ ‎ B. The average American uses about 7,000 liters of water a day. ‎ ‎ C. An Englishman usually drinks about 140 liters of coffee a day.‎ ‎ D. A hamburger usually contains about 2,400 liters of water.‎ ‎23. What do we learn about John Anthony Allan from the passage?‎ ‎ A. He won the 2008 Nobel Prize. ‎ ‎ B. He has written over 100 books.‎ ‎ C. He works at the University of London. ‎ ‎ D. He lives in the USA.‎ ‎24. What effect does the idea of virtual water have?‎ ‎ A. It helps us realize the importance of trade.‎ ‎ B. It helps people do successful business.‎ ‎ C. It helps us make use of water scientifically.‎ ‎ D. It tells us how much water we use a day.‎ ‎ B ‎ The International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year．Youth Exchanges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks. These young people are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment． ‎ ‎ Example Youth Exchanges：‎ ‎ Youth Exchange 1‎ ‎ Location: Ireland ‎ Other nationalities: Ireland，Spain，Italy，Hungary ‎ ‎ Theme: Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activities - exploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issues. The group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of a community and take part in team-building activities．‎ ‎ Youth Exchange 2‎ ‎ Location: France ‎ Other nationalities: Bulgaria, Italy, France ‎ Theme: Organic gardening & continual living．This project will take place in a natural park, where the group will take part in gardening activities and games/workshops about continuous development．‎ ‎ Youth Exchange 3‎ ‎ Location：Macedonia ‎ Other nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，Ireland ‎ Theme：Foster social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities. Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities.‎ ‎ Youth Exchange 4‎ ‎ Location: Italy ‎ Other nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，Greece ‎ Theme: A social-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development, regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment.‎ ‎25. What do you focus on when travelling in France as an exchange youth?‎ ‎ A. Gardening work. ‎ ‎ B. Civil rights.‎ ‎ C. Developing social inclusion. ‎ ‎ D. Rebuilding communities.‎ ‎26. If you are interested in protecting the environment, you can take part in______.‎ ‎ A. Youth Exchange 1 ‎ ‎ B. Youth Exchange 2‎ ‎ C. Youth Exchange 3 ‎ ‎ D. Youth Exchange 4‎ ‎27. Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?‎ ‎ A. Spain. ‎ ‎ B. Italy. ‎ ‎ C. Ireland. ‎ ‎ D. France.‎ ‎ C ‎ Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced ‎ to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.‎ ‎ In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.‎ ‎ For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.‎ ‎ The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.‎ ‎28. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A．How the Irish fought against the English. ‎ ‎ B．How Ireland gained independence.‎ ‎ C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. ‎ ‎ D．How two “Irelands” came into being.‎ ‎29. We learn from the text that in Ireland_____.‎ ‎ A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population ‎ B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside ‎ C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker ‎ D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments ‎30. The last paragraph is mainly about____.‎ ‎ A．the Irish character ‎ ‎ B．Irish culture ‎ ‎ C．Irish musical instruments ‎ ‎ D．a famous Irish writer ‎31. What can be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A．Life in Ireland ‎ ‎ B．A Very Difficult History ‎ C．Ireland, Past and Present ‎ ‎ D．The Independence of Ireland D ‎ I recently wrote an autobiography in which I recalled many old memories. One of them was from my school day's, when our ninth grade teacher, Miss Raber, would pick out words from Reader's Digest (《读者文摘》) to test our vocabulary.‎ ‎ Today, more than 45 years later, I always check out "It pays to Enrich your Word Power" first when the Digest comes each month. I am impressed with that idea, word power. Reader's Digest knows the power that words have to move people — to entertain, inform, and inspire. The Digest editors know that the big word isn't always the best word. Take just one example, a Quotable Quote from the February 1985 issue: "Time is a playful thing. It slips quickly and drinks the day like a bowl of milk."‎ ‎ Seventeen words, only two of them more than one syllable, yet how much they convey! That's usually how it is with Reader's Digest. Small and simple can be profound.‎ ‎ As chairman of a foundation to restore the Statue of Liberty, I've been making a lot of speeches lately. I try to keep them fairly short. I use small but vivid words: words like "hope", "guts", "faith", "dreams". Those are words that move people and say so much about the spirit of America.‎ ‎ Don't get me wrong. I'm not against using big words, when it is right to do so, but I have also learned that a small word can work a small miracle — if it's the right word, in the right place, at the right time. It's a "secret" that I hope I never forget.‎ ‎32. The passage is mainly about _______.‎ ‎ A. one of the many old memories ‎ ‎ B. using simple words to express profound ideas ‎ C. Reader's Digest and school speeches ‎ ‎ D. how to make effective speeches 33. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.‎ ‎ A. Time ‎ B. Milk ‎ C. A day ‎ D. A quote ‎34. It seems that Reader's Digest is a magazine popular with _________.‎ ‎ A. school teachers ‎ ‎ B. teenagers ‎ ‎ C. people of all ages ‎ D. elderly readers ‎35. The author's "secret" is _________.‎ ‎ A. to avoid using big words at any time ‎ ‎ B. to work a miracle via a small word ‎ C. to use words that have the power to move people ‎ ‎ D. to use small and simple words wherever possible 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Role of a First Aider ‎ First aid is the help given to someone who is injured or ill to keep them safe until they can get more advanced medical treatment.‎ ‎ 36.________ If you think someone needs your help, there are things you need to do as a first aider.‎ ‎ ★ Assess the situation quickly and calmly.‎ ‎ • Scene: What caused the accident or situation? 37.________‎ ‎• Situation: How many people are involved and how old are they? What do you think the main ‎ ‎ injuries could be?‎ ‎ ★ Protect yourself and them from any danger.‎ ‎• 38.________ ‎ ‎• Only move them to safety if leaving them would cause them more harm.‎ ‎ ★ Comfort and reassure.‎ ‎ • Introduce yourself to them to help gain their trust.‎ ‎ • Explain what’s happening and why.‎ ‎ • Say what you’re going to do before you do it.‎ ‎ ★ Give first aid treatment.‎ ‎ • First deal with the most life-threatening conditions.‎ ‎ • 39._________‎ ‎ • Get help from others if possible.‎ ‎ ★ 40.________‎ ‎ • Call 999/112 for an ambulance if you think it’s serious.‎ ‎ • Take or send them to hospital if it’s a serious condition but is unlikely to get worse.‎ ‎ • For a less serious condition call 111 for medical advice (in England).‎ ‎ • Stay with them until you can leave them in the right care.‎ ‎ A. Arrange for further help.‎ ‎ B. Don’t make the situation worse.‎ ‎ C. Then move on to less serious ones.‎ ‎ D. How many casualties (伤亡人员) are there?‎ ‎ E. Make sure they and anyone else involved are safe.‎ ‎ F. The role of a first aider is to give someone this help.‎ ‎ G. Always protect yourself first - never put yourself at risk.‎ 第三部分 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎ Have you ever really had a teacher? One who saw you as a raw but 41.______ thing, a jewel that could be 42.______ to a proud shine (光彩)? If you are lucky enough to find your 43._____ to such teachers, you will always find the truth of your life.‎ ‎ My old professor’s death sentence came in the summer of 1994. Doctors guessed he had two years left. Morrie knew it would be 44.______. But my old professor had made a decision, one he began to 45.______ the day he came out of the doctor’s office. “Do I wither up and disappear, 46._____ do I make the best of my rest time?” He had asked himself. He would not wither. 47.______, he would make death his final project. ‎ ‎ The 48.______ class of my old professor’s life had only one student. I was the student. It took place once a week in 49.______, by a window in his study. The class met on Tuesdays. The subject was “The Meaning of Life”. It was taught from 50.______. No grades were given, but there were oral exams each week. You were expected to respond 51.______ questions, and you were expected to 52.______ questions of your own. You were also required to perform 53.______ tasks now and then, such as lifting the professor’s head to a comfortable spot on the pillow or placing his glasses on the bridge of his 54.______. Kissing him good-bye earned you extra credit. No books were 55._____, yet many topics were 56._____, including love, work, community, family, aging, forgiveness, and, finally, 57.______.‎ ‎ “Study me in my slow and 58.______ demise (死亡). Watch what happens to me. Learn with me.” Morrie would say. If Professor Morris taught me anything at all, it was this: there is no such thing as “59.______” in life. He was living the best of his life, patiently and peacefully, 60.______ the day he said good-bye.‎ ‎41. A. private B. previous C. valuable D. various ‎42. A. rejected B. polished C. squeezed D. treated ‎43. A. breath B. time C. life D. way ‎44. A. less B. more C. fair D. good ‎45. A. fold B. attract C. conclude D. construct ‎46. A. or B. and C. thus D. either ‎47. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. But ‎48. A. first B. early C. last D. later ‎49. A. his class B. his house C. his office D. his room ‎ ‎50. A. his notes B. materials C. experience D. books ‎51. A. on B. in C. to D. with ‎52. A. put forward B. leave out C. approve of D. concentrate on ‎ ‎53. A. mental B. physical C. difficult D. professional ‎54. A. eyes B. face C. head D. nose ‎55. A. acquired B. required C. inspired D. desired ‎56. A. covered B. suspected C. attended D. quarreled ‎ ‎57. A. choice B. duty C. life D. death ‎58. A. patient B. severe C. unusual D. instant ‎59. A. too nervous B. too mild C. too late D. too vital ‎ ‎60. A. until B. since C. after D. for 第Ⅱ卷(共60分)‎ 第一部分 单词拼写 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)。‎ ‎ 根据汉语提示写出正确的单词，使句意完整。每空只填一词。‎ ‎61. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real ________ (起作用).‎ ‎62. Tie a bandage ________ (牢固地) over the burnt area, when necessary.‎ ‎63. They must use research to ________ (告知) themselves of the missing parts of the story.‎ ‎64. Have you ever had a case where somone ________ (控告) your journalists of getting the wrong ‎ ‎ end of the stick?.‎ ‎65. That’s ________ (值得赞扬)，but I’m afraid it would be unusual! Wait until you’re more ‎ ‎ experienced.‎ ‎66. The writer has an ________ (乐观的) view of the future.‎ ‎67. I have to remind myself ________ (不断地) that I am really in AD 3008.‎ ‎68. At first my new ________ (环境) were difficult to tolerate.‎ ‎69. Hit by a ________ (缺少) of fresh air, my head ached.‎ ‎70. England can be ________ (分成) into three main areas.‎ ‎71. England is the largest of the 4 countries and for _______ (方便) it is roughly made up of 3 zones.‎ ‎72. The southern part of Ireland was ________ (不乐意的) and broke away to form its own ‎ ‎ government.‎ 73. John Snow became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people ________ (暴露) to ‎ ‎ cholera.‎ ‎74. It seemed that the water was to ________ (受谴责).‎ ‎75. As for the cholera, neither the cause nor the ________ (治愈之法) was understood then.‎ 第二部分（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. 76.________ actually the umbrella wasn't invented as protection against rain. 76________ (it) first use was a shade against the sun!‎ ‎ Nobody knows 78.________ first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it 79.________ the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century BC.‎ ‎ We know the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing 80.________ (connect) with it: it then became a symbol of honor and authority. Those nobles considered it 81.________ honor to carry an umbrella around. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. ‎ ‎ During the middle ages, the use of umbrella practically 82.________ (appear).‎ ‎ Then it appeared again in Italy in the late 83.________ (16) century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By l680, the umbrella appeared in France, and 84.________ (late) in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. It wasn't until the twentieth century 85.________ women's umbrellas began to be made.‎ 第三部分 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Mandarin Chinese (普通话) and dialects ‎ China has a vast land and a large population. Even though the Chinese language is spoken all over the country, people in different areas speak in different ways, what are called dialects.‎ ‎ Generally called local languages, dialects of the Chinese language are very much complex. They are difference from each other in three aspects: pronunciation, vocabulary or grammar. And the difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding. Over 2,000 years ago, Chinese people realize that the common language should be used in social activities. Comparing with dialects, mandarin can be understood by all people. It is beneficial for information spreading and cultural exchange among people in different place.‎ 第四部分 书面表达 (满分25分)‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，今天从你的美国朋友Velinda的推特(Twitter)上得知，Velinda前段时间烫伤了。请根据以下要点，在她的推特上留一封慰问信。‎ ‎ 内容: l. 对Velinda进行慰问，并询问一些基本情况；‎ ‎ 2. 就你所学的烧烫伤知识，提供一些基本的护理建议；‎ ‎ 3. 祝愿她早日康复。‎ ‎ 注意: l.词数120左右;‎ ‎ 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;‎ ‎ 3.开头语已为你写好。‎ Dear Velinda,‎ Recently I’ve learned from your Twitter that ‎ Best wishes. Yours， Li Hua 山东师大附中2015级第三次学分认定考试 英 语 试 卷答 案 ‎1-20 BABAB ABCAA BCBAC BAACC ‎21-40 DACCA DBDAB CBACB FDGCA ‎ ‎41-60 CBDAD ABCBC CABDB ADACA 单词拼写 61. difference 62. tightly/firmly 63. inform 64. accused 65. admirable/praisable ‎66. optimistic 67. constantly 68. surroundings 69. lack 70. divided ‎ ‎71. convenience 72. unwilling 73. exposed 74. blame 75. Cure 语法填空 ‎ 76. But 77. Its 78. who 79. were 80. connected ‎81. an 82. disappeared 83. 16th/sixteenth 84. later 85. that 短文改错 1. speak后添加it 2. What改为which 3. 去掉much 4. difference改为different 5. or改为and 6. realize改为realized 7. the改为a 8. Comparing改为Compared 9. for改为to 10. place改为places