2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业10Unit10Money北师大版必修4

2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业10Unit10Money北师大版必修4

课时作业10 Unit 10　Money 课时练(一)　阅读理解·组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2020·贵阳市期末监测]In Singapore, art is more than what meets the eye. Galleries and museums here are not just places to be inspired, but also homes to distinctive souvenirs. Take home welldesigned pieces that reflect your personality.‎ Singapore Tyler Print Institute(STPI)‎ ‎41 Robertson Quay, Singapore 238236.＋65 6336 3663.‎ Mon.－Fri. 10 a．m.－7 p．m.; Sat. 9 a．m.－6 p．m.‎ STPI is a space for experimentation of print and paper. Walk through the gallery and join other art lovers in developing an appreciation of print and paper art practice. STPI allows you to own a piece of the work produced by artists at the gallery workshops.‎ Red Dot Design Museum(RDDM)‎ ‎11 Marina Boulevard, Singapore 018940.＋65 6514 0111.‎ Mon.－Thur. 10 a．m.－8 p．m.; Fri.－Sun. 10 a．m.－11 p．m.‎ From lighting to parasol (阳伞), the Red Dot Design Museum presents awardwinning products and design concepts from over 30 countries. Head to the Design Museum Shop, there are many interesting design objects and collections sourced from all over the world.‎ National Gallery Singapore(NGS)‎ ‎1 St. Andrew's Rd, Singapore 178957.＋65 6271 7000.‎ Mon.－Thur., Sat.－Sun. 10 a．m.－7 p．m.; Fri. 10 a．m.－9 p．m.‎ NGS occupies two major landmarks — the former Supreme Court and City Hall — and features over 8,000 artworks, which is the largest public display of modern Southeast Asian art and culture. It is also a home to a host of international exhibitions that have inspired the world and will be remembered for years to come.‎ Singapore Philatelic Museum(SPM)‎ - 18 -‎ ‎23 B Coleman Street, Singapore 179807.＋65 6337 3888.‎ Daily 10 a．m.－7 p．m.‎ Fascinated by stamps? SPM features postage stamps dating all the way back from the 1830s. Enjoy this vibrant museum's indepth presentation of local and international postal history. Send Singaporeinspired postcards or collect miniature postboxes from Singapore and around the world. Charming souvenirs at the museum store will make creative decorations for your home or office.‎ ‎1．Which number is available if you have any question on Red Dot Design Museum?‎ A．＋65 6336 3663.　　　　　　B．＋65 6514 0111.‎ C．＋65 6271 7000. D．＋65 6337 3888.‎ ‎2．Which of the following is the address of National Gallery Singapore?‎ A．41 Robertson Quay, Singapore 238236.‎ B．11 Marina Boulevard, Singapore 018940.‎ C．1 St. Andrew's Rd, Singapore 178957.‎ D．23B Coleman Street, Singapore 179807.‎ ‎3．Where can you go if you are fond of stamps?‎ A．Singapore Tyler Print Institute.‎ B．Red Dot Design Museum.‎ C．National Gallery Singapore.‎ D．Singapore Philatelic Museum.‎ B ‎[2019·九江二模]I went to a New York Mets fantasy camp in 1995, an incredible experience. I was fortunate to be on a team whose pitching coach was Mel Stottlemyre, the former Yankees star pitcher (投手) and Mets and Yankees coach. I was upset when Mel died of cancer on Jan. 13, 2018, at the age of 77.‎ He was warm, friendly and treated us as if we were major leagues. He asked me whether I would like to pitch and showed me how to throw a“twoseamer，” a fastball that tends to sink, as well as a straight fourseam fastball. I knew that pitching was not for me. At age 45, my experience in organizing baseball was limited to a couple of years in Little League in the Bronx, and softball games as an adult. Mel eventually left the Mets and became the pitching coach for the Yankees. I followed his career and knew about his diagnosis (诊断) of multiple myeloma, a blood cancer, in April 2000, and a stem cell transplant.‎ In the summer of 2002, I was diagnosed as multiple myeloma and was told that I - 18 -‎ ‎ needed a stemcell transplant by the same group of doctors at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center that had treated Mel.‎ This shocked me, and frankly, I became quite depressed. I vowed that somehow I would try to speak to Mel. One day, my phone rang. Mel was calling from the Yankees' locker room. I asked him to tell me everything about his treatment. He spent 30 minutes generously explaining all the details. I hung on every word. He told me how well he was feeling and ended the conversation by giving me his home phone number！“I feel great, and I'm not retiring，” he told me.‎ This incredible experience lifted my spirits. Every time I saw Mel during games on TV as I awaited my transplant, I repeated to myself，“Look at Mel. If he can do it, so can I．”‎ ‎4．Why did the author say he was lucky in Paragraph 1?‎ A．He joined a famous team.‎ B．He met an unusual coach.‎ C．He was successfully cured.‎ D．He was chosen as a pitcher.‎ ‎5．What do we know about the author?‎ A．He was not skilled in pitching.‎ B．He was a good baseball player.‎ C．He called Mel for his treatment.‎ D．He forgot what Mel had told him.‎ ‎6．How old was Mel when he was diagnosed as multiple myeloma?‎ ‎　‎ A．23. B．45.‎ C．59. D．61.‎ ‎7．What would be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．The Skills Taught by My Former Coach B．The Transplant Given by the Same Doctors C．My Baseball Team Helping Me Out D．My Coach's Spirits Shining on Me C ‎[2020·湖南六校联考]Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all - 18 -‎ ‎ plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.‎ It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane (薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.‎ The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied for a patent for their new advancement. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.‎ Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over$1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer's interest when the production machine is running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.‎ ‎8．How is most plastic dealt with in America?‎ A．It's sold. B．It's recycled.‎ C．It's buried. D．It's wasted.‎ ‎9．Why did the team invent Ooho?‎ A．To make a profit for a company.‎ B．To protect the environment.‎ C．To make people eat as they drink.‎ D．To reduce the cost of the plastic bottle.‎ ‎10．What can we infer about Ooho from the text?‎ A．It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.‎ B．It has become popular since it began to be sold.‎ - 18 -‎ C．It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.‎ D．It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.‎ ‎11．What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?‎ A．Ooho is to be a success in the future.‎ B．Ooho is being supported by smart people.‎ C．Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.‎ D．Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.‎ D ‎[2020·绵阳市诊断]We've all had the experience of wanting to get a project done but putting it off to a later date. So why do we delay things? Are we built to operate this way at some times?‎ These questions are central to my research on goal pursuit (追求). It all starts with a simple choice between working now on a given project and doing anything else. The decision to work on something is driven by how much we value accomplishing the project in that moment — what psychologists call its subjective value. And delay, in psychological terms, is what happens when the value of doing something else outweighs the value of working now.‎ This way of thinking suggests a simple trick to defeat delay. For example, instead of cleaning my house, I might try to focus on why grading papers is personally important to me. It's simple advice, but sticking to this strategy (策略) can be quite difficult.‎ People are not entirely wise in the way they value things. For example, a dollar bill is worth exactly the same today as it is a week from now, but its subjective value — roughly how good it would feel to own a dollar — depends on other factors besides its face value, such as when we receive it. The tendency for people to devalue money and other goods based on time is called delay discounting. For example, receiving $100 three months from now is worth the same to people as receiving $83 right now. People would rather lose $17 than wait a few months to get a larger reward.‎ Getting something done is a delayed reward, so its value in the present is reduced: the further away the deadline is, the less attractive it seems to work on the project right now. The tendency to delay things closely follows economic models of delay discounting. One way to manage it is to make the finish line seem closer. For example, vividly imagining a future reward reduces delay discounting.‎ ‎12．Which of the following best explains “outweighs” underlined in paragraph - 18 -‎ ‎ 2?‎ A．Is equal to. B．Is greater than.‎ C．Is involved in. D．Is central to.‎ ‎13．What should we do to overcome delay in the author's opinion?‎ A．Avoid setting a deadline too strictly.‎ B．Consider doing nothing temporarily.‎ C．Increase the subjective value of working now.‎ D．Realize great fun of working immediately.‎ ‎14．Which proverb can best summarize the theory of delay discounting?‎ A．Time and tide wait for no man.‎ B．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.‎ C．One of these days is none of these days.‎ D．Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.‎ ‎15．What is suggested to deal with delay discounting?‎ A．Asking for nothing in return.‎ B．Lowering our high expectations.‎ C．Searching for instant satisfaction.‎ D．Making future rewards more inviting.‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2020·成都诊断]From sports teams to movie characters, we love supporting the weak. While that's inspiring for a film or a story, it can be hard to remain positive when you're experiencing a struggle. It's said that what is most personal is most universal. __1__ Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.‎ You can shine a light for others. __2__ Sometimes, that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time. You can help even more by applying ideas and solutions creatively to their own problems.‎ ‎ __3__ It's uncomfortable to admit to others your failures, struggles or other moments of weakness. That's true for everyone, yet opening yourself up to moments of weakness is surprisingly satisfying. It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.‎ People will support you. __4__ We all do. So why not share the ways you've faced - 18 -‎ ‎ great difficulty and bounced back? If no one knows your struggles then they'll never know to cheer for you or what you've overcome to reach where you are today.‎ Another great aspect of sharing your story is that it helps you remember the lesson you learned. __5__ Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward. You can also share key experience alongside your story so others can learn, too.‎ A．It helps you find your voice.‎ B．You love a good comeback story.‎ C．It allows you to practice courage.‎ D．You can objectively analyze your own past.‎ E．That's why your story can bring much value.‎ F．Be open with the world about the good and the bad. ‎ G．Sharing your story will help them realize they aren't alone.‎ 课时练(二)　语言知识运用·组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2020·郑州质量预测]My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasn't sure what he wanted from __1__， but something told him to __2__ and begin a new adventure.‎ He began that adventure traveling to cities in the US before going on to Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines. He took my mother and us three daughters with him and went wherever the road __3__ him.‎ It's easy to feel __4__ when you're on the road. We made lots of new friends on our trip — most of them are mechanics, since we often __5__ hours in repair shops. But that was a way much __6__ than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to __7__ when it was 40 ℃ outside.‎ Getting along well sometimes seemed __8__. There were always a lot of __9__， especially among us back seat passengers about who had to __10__ in the middle. But even if it was hard, we learned a lot about __11__. When we were traveling in the Philippines, we drove to Quezon City one day. It should have been an hour's drive - 18 -‎ ‎ but was nearly three thanks to bad roads and __12__ traffic. “Did you put our suitcases in the car？” my father asked my mother as we arrived there. From the back seat, we saw her __13__ turn toward my father. “No，” she said. “I thought you did.” That was how a sevenhour car trip turned into a 16hour one, which was mostly spent in __14__. ‎ On occasions like that, we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were __15__ in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the __16__. Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and __17__ one of my sisters out, I kept my feelings to myself.‎ This is why road trips were like __18__ universities to us. We __19__ our PhDs (博士学位) in how to get along with other people just by traveling in our old car.‎ If we were __20__ given a second chance at life, we would do it all over again. Only this time would I put the suitcases in the car myself.‎ ‎　‎ ‎1．A.move B．life C．experience D．belief ‎2．A.live up B．struggle on C．get out D．walk around ‎3．A.took B．drove C．served D．controlled ‎4．A.anxious B．upset C．helpless D．lonely ‎5．A.wasted B．worked C．spent D．chatted ‎6．A.better B．easier C．safer D．cleverer ‎7．A.break down B．cool off C．clear up D．turn over ‎8．A.available B．alternative C．necessary D．impossible ‎9．A.arguments B．fights C．embarrassments D．amusements - 18 -‎ ‎10．A.settle B．rest C．sit D．watch ‎11．A.sharing B．respect C．communication D．tolerance ‎12．A.light B．heavy C．local D．fast ‎13．A.suddenly B．sensitively C．calmly D．slowly ‎14．A.silence B．vain C．panic D．disappointment ‎15．A.buried B．crazy C．stuck D．impatient ‎16．A.holiday B．journey C．exploration D．march ‎17．A.dragging B．pushing C．helping D．sending ‎18．A.unusual B．common C．free D．mobile ‎19．A.earned B．expected C．missed D．valued ‎20．A.somewhere B．anytime C．somehow D．anyway 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2020·江西省大江模拟]Our school, Chairo, has a strong service philosophy that covers two of __1__ (we) core values, namely “lifelong learning” and “lifelong serving”. All students are encouraged to become __2__ (active) involved in various programs and numerous opportunities exist at all __3__ (level) throughout the country.‎ Teams of staff and students from our school __4__ (send) to every part across the whole country and other countries regularly to participate __5__ diverse programs, including a regular English Teaching Tour that visits our partner school in China. As a school, we are always seeking different service opportunities, __6__ will encourage our students to devote their time and efforts to __7__ (assist) those more needy than themselves.‎ - 18 -‎ ‎ As __8__ matter of fact, numerous programs __9__ (aim) at helping the needy and the elderly within our local communities also occur throughout each year, including an annual activity, Service Week. While these programs do assist those in need, it is also exciting to witness the __10__ (person) growth that occurs among our participating students. These reallife experiences strengthen students' teamwork effectively in order to better serve the society for life.‎ 课时练(三)　写作强化增分·组块专练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎[2020·江西八所重点中学高三联考]It was raining hardly outside, which made it difficult for me to go home for lunch. Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom. I rushed out and found it was my mother, already in fifties, which brought me lunch in spite of the heavy rain. In China, many parents make great sacrifices for our children. But what had the children done in return? All too often, most children just take it for granted that their parent should serve for them unconditionally. My dear mum or dad, thank you very much for bringing me up. How shall I do for you?‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2020·福建毕业班质量检测]假定你是李华，获悉你的英国朋友Henry想参加为外国人举办的汉语演讲比赛。请给他写封邮件，告知参赛信息。内容包括：‎ ‎1．演讲时间、地点；‎ ‎2．演讲主题：最美家庭；‎ ‎3．演讲注意事项。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：演讲比赛speech contest ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ - 18 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 课时作业10‎ 课时练(一)‎ 阅读理解 第一节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新加坡的四个画廊和博物馆，具体介绍了其地址、电话、开放时间、服务特色等。‎ ‎【难句分析】　It is also a home to a host of international exhibitions that have inspired the world and will be remembered for years to come.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that have inspired the world and will be remembered for years to come”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词international - 18 -‎ ‎ exhibitions，that在从句中作主语。‎ 译文：它也是许多国际展览的举办地，这些展览鼓舞了世界，并将在未来的岁月中为人们所铭记。‎ ‎1．B　考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“Red Dot Design Museum”定位至Red Dot Design Museum (RDDM)部分。根据该部分中的＋65 6514 0111可知选B项。‎ ‎2．C　考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“National Gallery Singapore”定位至National Gallery Singapore (NGS)部分，根据该部分中的“1 St. Andrew's Rd, Singapore 178957”可知选C项。‎ ‎3．D　考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词stamps定位至Singapore Philatelic Museum (SPM)部分，根据该部分中的“SPM features postage stamps dating all the way back from the 1830s”可推知，喜欢邮票的人可以去Singapore Philatelic Museum，故D项正确。‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章叙述了作者在参加度假营时遇到了对他影响深远的投球教练，后来在教练的乐观精神的鼓舞下战胜病魔，克服困难。New York Mets纽约大都会队；Yankee 美国佬 ‎4．B　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“I was fortunate to be on a team whose pitching coach was Mel Stottlemyre, the former Yankees star pitcher and Mets and Yankees coach”和第二段中的“He was warm，friendly”以及最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己遇到了一个难得的好教练，为此感到很幸运，故选B项。‎ ‎5．A　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I knew that pitching was not for me.”可知，作者不擅长投球，故选A项。根据倒数第二段中的“One day，my phone rang. Mel was calling...”可知，是教练打电话给作者，排除C项；根据倒数第二段中的“I hung on every word.”可知，作者一字不漏地聆听教练的话，每句话都记在心里，排除D项。‎ ‎6．C　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I was upset when... on Jan. 13, 2018, at the age of 77.”和第二段最后一句“I followed his career and knew about his diagnosis of multiple myeloma，. .. in April 2000...”可知，教练2018年是77岁，被诊断出多发性骨髓瘤时是2000年，也就是59岁时被诊断出了疾病，故选C项。‎ ‎7．D　考查主旨大意。根据最后一段可知，教练的经历振奋了作者的情绪，每一次他等待移植手术时，在电视比赛中看到教练，他都会跟自己说“如果他能做到，我也能做到”，所以是教练的精神鼓舞着作者战胜病魔，故选D项。‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还造成环境污染，Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho。本文介绍了Ooho的食用方法，运输方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市场前景。‎ ‎【难句分析】　It is targeting large outdoor events such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently - 18 -‎ ‎ left behind as litter.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter”为where 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词outdoor events，where在从句中作地点状语。‎ 译文：该产品是针对诸如马拉松、音乐节和体育赛事等大型户外活动而发明的，在这些活动中，会用数吨塑料瓶，且这些塑料瓶经常被当作垃圾扔掉。‎ ‎【背景知识】　Ooho是一种由海藻基膜制成的可生物降解的水包，主要用于马拉松参赛者补充水分。参赛者既可以咬破Ooho的边缘喝水，也可以将之整个吃掉。它同时具备可食用性和生物可降解性，不会对环境造成太大的负担。‎ ‎8．D　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year”可知，在美国只有23%的塑料最终回到回收站，这意味着价值超过10亿美元的塑料被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故D项正确。‎ ‎9．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention”可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，故Skipping Rocks Lab发明了一种可以食用的包装材料Ooho，故B项正确。‎ ‎10．C　考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles”可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低；据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故C项正确。‎ ‎11．A　考查推理判断。根据尾段第一句“Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over$1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days.”可知，Ooho吸引了很多人的注意，在三天时间内就得到了1 000位投资者的关注，筹集到100多万美元；再结合最后一句“It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.”可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来Ooho一定能获得成功，故A项正确。‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，作者在文中主要分析了拖延的原因以及应对办法。‎ ‎12．B　考查词义猜测。根据本段内容可知，要去做某件事的决定是被我们在那一刻完成计划的评估驱动的——心理学家称其为某件事的“主观价值”。而拖延从心理学的角度讲，就是当做别的事情的价值大于即刻就工作的价值时发生的情况，故选B。‎ ‎13．C　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The decision to work on something is driven by how much we value accomplishing the project in that moment — what psychologists call its subjective value. And delay, in psychological terms, is what happens when - 18 -‎ ‎ the value of doing something else outweighs the value of working now”可知，作者认为人们之所以会拖延是因为他们对完成当前工作任务的主观价值评估较低；再结合第三段的内容可推知，人们可以通过提高对自己完成当前工作任务的主观价值评估来克服拖延，故选C。‎ ‎14．B　考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“The tendency... receiving $100 three months from now is worth the same to people as receiving $83 right now. People would rather lose $17 than wait a few months to get a larger reward”可知，人们给事物评估的方式并非完全是理性的，人们基于时间(流逝)评估钱和其他货品贬值的趋势称为“延迟折扣”，比如人们宁愿要马上就能拿到手的83美元，也不要3个月后才给的100美元。这都强调了在延迟折扣的理论中，人们更看重眼前利益，故B项A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush“一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林”符合题干要求。‎ ‎15．D　考查细节理解。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是最后两句“One way to manage it is to make the finish line seem closer. For example, vividly imagining a future reward reduces delay discounting”可知，作者认为应对拖延的一种方式就是让终点线看上去更近。比如说，生动地想象未来的奖赏会减少延迟折扣，故选D。‎ 第二节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了与他人分享你的奋斗故事的原因。‎ ‎1．E　承接上文“It's said that what is most personal is most universal”，并与下文“Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles”相呼应可推知，E项“这就是你的故事能带来很多价值的原因”符合语境，所以选E项。‎ ‎2．G　根据下文“Sometimes, that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time”，并结合上文“You can shine a light for others”可推知，分享你的故事有助于他人产生共鸣，所以选G项。‎ ‎3．C　根据下文中的“It requires courage and being courageous requires practice”可推知，本段主要讲述的是分享你的故事有助于加强自己的勇气，所以选C项。‎ ‎4．B　根据下文“We all do. So why not share the ways you've faced great difficulty and bounced back？”可推知，人们都喜欢东山再起的故事，所以不如将你身处重重困难却能重整旗鼓的方法分享给别人，所以选B项。‎ ‎5．D　根据下文“Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客观地分析自己的过去，从而总结经验、吸取教训，所以选D项。‎ 课时练(二)‎ 语言知识运用 第一节 - 18 -‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候“我”随父亲和母亲以及我的姐妹开车旅行，在此过程中，我们学会了忍让以及和别人相处。这个颠簸的旅程是一所移动的大学，让“我”受益匪浅。‎ ‎【高频词回顾】　adventure n．冒险；冒险经历　get along well相处融洽　occasion n．时刻，时候；场合 ‎1．B　根据上文可知，“我”的父亲出生在美国的一个小镇上；结合该句中的“He wasn't sure what he wanted”以及下文叙述的他带着全家开车旅行可推知，那时他不确定想从生活中要些什么，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．C　根据该句中的“begin a new adventure”可推知，他得到启示，要他走出去，去开启新的冒险历程。C项意为“离开，从……出来”，故C项正确；A项意为“快乐地过日子”；B项意为“勉强维持”；D项意为“四处走动”。‎ ‎3．A　根据该句中的“wherever the road”并结合语境可知，他带着妈妈和我们这三个女儿，沿路旅行。A项表示“带去，引领”，符合语境，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．D　根据该句中的“when you're on the road”和下文介绍的沿路交朋友可推知，当在路上时，很容易感到“孤独(lonely)”。‎ ‎5．C　根据语境可知，由于我们经常花费几个小时在修理店，所以我们交的朋友大部分是修理工。‎ ‎6．A　由于外面的温度达到40摄氏度，所以去修理店要比坐在马路边等候好得多。‎ ‎7．B　根据该句中的“when it was 40℃ outside”可知，外面气温高达40摄氏度；据此可推知，该处指等待发动机冷却下来；B项意为“使冷却下来”，故B项正确。A项意为“出故障”，C项意为“清理”，D项意为“翻转”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．D　根据下文中的“it was hard”并结合语境可知，友好相处有时似乎是“不可能的(impossible)”。‎ ‎9．A　根据空后的“especially among us... in the middle”可知，我们之间总是有很多争吵，尤其是关于后座的我们谁“坐(sit)”在中间时。‎ ‎10．C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎11．D　根据该句中的But表达的语境可知，尽管这很难解决，但是我们学会了“忍耐(tolerance)”。‎ ‎12．B　根据该句中的“It should have been an hour's drive but was nearly three”可知，本可以在一小时就完成的路程，我们却花了三个小时；据此可推知，这里路况较差，交通拥堵，故B项正确。‎ ‎13．D　根据语境可知，我们在后座看到母亲慢慢地转过头对父亲说：“没有，我还以为你把行李箱放在车上了”。‎ ‎14．A　根据上文可知，母亲忘记将手提箱放进车里；结合该句和下文中的“we had to - 18 -‎ ‎ learn to let go of our anger”可知，我们学会了控制自己的怒气，这个七小时的行程最终变成了十六小时的行程，我们大部分的时间都在沉默。‎ ‎15．C　根据语境可知，在像上文提到的情况下，我们必须控制自己的怒气，因为我们和相同的人在接下来的“旅程(journey)”里一起被困在车里。be stuck in为固定搭配，意为“被困在……”，故C项正确。‎ ‎16．B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．B　根据该句中的“I kept my feelings to myself”可知，“我”控制住了自己的情绪；据此可推知，此处表示有时“我”想要打开车门将“我”的一个姐妹推出车外。B项意为“推”，故B项正确。‎ ‎18．D　根据该句中的“road trips”以及下文中的“We __19__ our PhDs(博士学位)”可知，对于我们来说，公路旅行就像“可移动的(mobile)”大学。‎ ‎19．A　根据语境可知，就在这辆旧汽车里，我们真正学会了和他人相处；A项意为“博得，赢得”，故A项正确。‎ ‎20．C　根据语境可知，如果我们能以某种方式在人生中获得第二次机会的话，我们还是会去旅行。C项意为“以某种方式”，故C项正确。‎ 第二节 ‎【语篇解读】　文章介绍了一所学校的服务理念——终身学习和终生服务，鼓励学生去帮助贫困的人和老年人，同时帮助学生自我成长。‎ ‎1．our　考查代词。句意为：我们学校有一个坚定的服务理念，它包含了我们的两个核心价值观，即：终身学习和终生服务。设空处位于名词短语core values前，应用形容词性物主代词，表示“我们的”，故填our。‎ ‎2．actively　考查副词。句意为：所有学生都被鼓励积极参与这些活动，而且在全国范围内存在大量的活动机会。设空处用来修饰动词短语become involved in，应用副词，故填actively。‎ ‎3．levels　考查名词的数。句意见上一题解析。level为可数名词，前面被all修饰限定，应该用复数形式，故填levels。‎ ‎4．are sent　考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：教职工和学生团队被派往全国各地，还被派往其他国家定期参与各种各样的活动……分析句子结构可知，设空处为本句谓语，主语是“Teams of staff and students”，故谓语动词应用复数形式。根据全文的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，send与主语之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填are sent。‎ ‎5．in　考查介词。句意见上一题解析。participate in为固定搭配，意为“参加；参与”，故填in。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎6．which　考查定语从句。句意为：作为一所学校，我们总是在寻找各种服务机会，这会鼓励我们的学生投入他们的时间和精力去帮助那些比他们更贫困的人们。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，代指前面整句话的内容，故填which。‎ ‎7．assisting　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。devote... to doing为固定搭配，意为“把……投入/献身于做……”，其中to为介词，后面应跟动名词作宾语，故填assisting。‎ ‎8．a　考查冠词。句意为：事实上，在我们当地社区，许多旨在帮助贫困者和老年人的活动每年都有……。as a matter of fact为固定短语，意为“事实上”，故填a。‎ ‎9．aiming　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语为occur且与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式。aim与句子主语“numerous programs”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词作后置定语，修饰主语“numerous programs”，故填aiming。‎ ‎10．personal　考查形容词。句意为：在这些活动确实帮助到困难人群的同时，见证我们参与活动的学生们的个人成长也很令人激动。设空处修饰后面的名词growth，应用形容词，故填personal。‎ 课时练(三)‎ 写作 第一节　短文改错 It was raining outside, which made it difficult for me to go home for lunch. Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon, I saw a familiar figure by our classroom. I rushed out and found it was my mother, already in fifties, brought me lunch in spite of the heavy rain. In China, many parents make great sacrifices for children. But what the children done in return? All too often, most children just take it for granted that their should serve them unconditionally. My dear mum dad, thank you very much for bringing me up. shall I do for you?‎ ‎①hardly改为hard　此处表示外面雨下得很大。hard意为“大量地”，符合语境；hardly意为“几乎不”，与语境不符。‎ ‎②passed改为passing　考查非谓语动词。句意：正当“我”在想中午吃什么时，“我”看见一个熟悉的身影从我们教室经过。see sb. doing sth.为固定用法，表示“看到某人正在做某事”。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎③in后加her　考查固定搭配。句意：“我”冲出去，发现那是“我”妈妈，她已经五十多岁了，冒着大雨给“我”送来午饭。in one's fifties为固定用法，意为“在某人五十多岁时”。‎ ‎④which改为who　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“my mother”，此处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导该定语从句。‎ ‎⑤our改为their　考查代词。句意：在中国，许多父母为他们的孩子作出了巨大的牺牲。该句主语为“many parents”，此处表示“他们的孩子”，故用their。‎ ‎⑥had改为have　考查动词的时态。句意：但是，作为回报，孩子们又做了些什么呢？根据句意可知，该处陈述的是发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，强调的是现在的情况，故用现在完成时。‎ ‎⑦parent改为parents　考查名词的数。parent为可数名词，根据该句中的most children和their可知，该处应用复数形式。‎ ‎⑧删除serve后的for　考查介词。此处serve为及物动词，serve sb.意为“为某人服务”，故删除for。‎ ‎⑨or改为and　考查连词。句意：亲爱的爸爸妈妈，非常感谢你们把“我”养大。根据句意可知，mum和dad之间为并列关系，故用and。‎ ‎⑩How改为What　考查疑问词。句意：我能为你们做些什么？根据句意可知，此处应用What。‎ 第二节　书面表达 ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear Henry，‎ I am glad to hear that you have great interest in the Chinese speech contest intended for foreigners.I'm writing to tell you some details.‎ The contest，due to start at 9 a．m. on Match 16，will be held at the hall of Dalian University.The topic is the Most Beautiful Family.I believe you have a lot to share because family matters much wherever we are from.‎ When delivering the speech，please speak loudly and clearly without referring to your notes，but with a smile on your face！Keep in mind that you have only five minutes for it.‎ Hope everything goes smoothly.Looking forward to your good news.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua - 18 -‎