山东省济宁市兖州区2020届高三下学期第一次网络模拟考试英语试题

山东省济宁市兖州区2020届高三下学期第一次网络模拟考试英语试题

‎2020届山东省济宁市兖州区高三下学期第一次网络模拟考试 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。‎ ‎2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）‎ 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year. Youth Exchanges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks．These young people are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.‎ Example Youth Exchanges：‎ Youth Exchange 1‎ Location：Ireland Other nationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，Hungary Theme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activities—exploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issues．The group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of a community and take part in team-building activities.‎ Youth Exchange 2‎ Location：France Other nationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，France Theme：Organic gardening & continual living．This project will take place in a natural park，where ‎ the group will take part in gardening activities and games／workshops about continuous development．‎ Youth Exchange 3‎ Location：Macedonia Other nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，Ireland Theme：Foster social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities．Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities．‎ Youth Exchange 4‎ Location：Italy Other nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，Greece Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment．‎ ‎1. What do you focus on when travelling in France?‎ A. Gardening work.‎ B. Civil rights.‎ C. Developing social inclusion.‎ D. Rebuilding communities.‎ ‎2. If you are interested in protecting the environment，you can take part in ________.‎ A. Youth Exchange 1 B. Youth Exchange 2‎ C. Youth Exchange 3 D. Youth Exchange 4‎ ‎3. Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?‎ A. Spain． B. Italy. C. Ireland. D. France.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项青年交流项目。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文中Theme：Organic gardening & continual living.可知，法国旅游主要集中在园艺方面。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文中Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. 可知，Youth Exercise 4是关于环保的。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文中四则消息中，三则都包括意大利，故判断意大利最流行。故选B。‎ B Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are not just beautiful to look at, but also very useful. They shelter nearly 25％ of ocean life and provide food for billions of people. However, like many other species, this amazing ecosystem (生态系统) is in danger of dying out!‎ There are two main reasons for the destruction — the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation. While not much can be done about the former, the loss caused by the latter can be reduced.‎ Bottom operation involves dropping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish. This action damaged the ocean floor, causing the coral branches to separate from the reefs. While that is very discouraging, the good news is that if these branches are found quickly, they can be saved. At present, that work is being performed by volunteer divers. But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep-sea coral grows.‎ However, this is not the case for Coralbots — the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches. A team of “coralbots”, each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral, allowing them to regrow. They are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral. The robots work together in groups, similar to bees. If one coral bot is damaged, then the others will still be able to complete the task.‎ Dr Lea-Anne Henry said: “The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore (修复) the function of reefs. It is in the final stage of testing. Once ready, the researchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.”‎ ‎4. Which of the following is a cause of the danger that coral reefs are facing?‎ A. The appearance of new creatures.‎ B. The seriously polluted sea water.‎ C. The activities of volunteer divers.‎ D. Human activities like bottom operation.‎ ‎5. Compared with volunteer divers, coralbots ________. ‎ A. can stay longer underwater B. must work as bees do C. can distinguish what is coral D. can never be damaged ‎6. What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. Coralbots. B. Broken branches.‎ C. Working bees. D. Bits of coral.‎ ‎7. We can infer from the passage that ________. ‎ A. bottom operation has affected most underwater creatures B. broken branches of coral can regrow if saved in time C. hundreds of the coralbots have worked well in the oceans D. with the coralbots all damaged coral reefs can be restored ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及应对的方法。珊瑚礁由于全球变暖以及人类的一些海底作业而濒临灭绝。对此，Coral bots却是一个挽救珊瑚礁的好帮手，它可以长时间呆在水下以帮助受损的珊瑚礁重新生长。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的There are two main reasons for the destruction —the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation.可知，造成这种破坏的主要原因有两个：一是全球变暖导致的二氧化碳水平上升，二是海底作业等人类活动的影响。由此可知，人类海底作业是导致珊瑚礁面临灭绝的一个主要原因。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后的But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep-sea coral grows.(但这种方法的效果有限，因为他们不能在水下停留很长时间，也不能到达200‎ 多米深的海底，那里生长着一些深海珊瑚)以及第四段的However, this is not the case for Coralbots — the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches.(然而，Coralbots并非如此，机器人可以不断地寻找断裂的树枝)可知，志愿者不能长时间呆在水下，但是Coral bots可以长时间呆在水下。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词后的and use them effectively in the waters off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.可知，在苏格兰海域有效地使用它们，希望在世界各地的海洋中也能如此。由此可知，划线词them指代的是上文提到的Coralbots，因为要用这样东西来修复珊瑚礁。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的While that is very discouraging, the good news is that if these branches are found quickly, they can be saved.可知，珊瑚礁如果被损后再短时间内修复还是可以的，选项B正确；选项A未涉及；根据最后一段的It is in the final stage of testing.可知，它处于测试的最后阶段，选项C错误；而根据then hopefully in the oceans across the world可知，修复所有珊瑚礁只是有希望，而不是绝对会被修复，故选项D错误。故选B。‎ C I’m a student in my third year at Robert Gordon University, but I also work 35 hours a week at Sainsbury’s to make ends meet.‎ I constantly have to force myself to stay awake, and to be alert, whatever it takes. The work I do at Sainsbury’s is very physical like stacking shelves. I am lucky because the amount I lift at work is nothing compared with the weight I lift in the gym. I know I have the strength to bear it.‎ I am originally from Nigeria. I came here when I was seven. Money was always tight. My parents gave me everything I needed, but there was no money for luxuries. I worked hard at school though and, with the help of professors, I got the best A-level grades in my class.‎ Unfortunately, though I had applied for “settled” British residential status the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application. That meant I was not eligible for a student loan. The only way I could afford to go to university was that I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents paid for my tuition fees.‎ I don’t have much time to socialize because of my job. Ideally, Id like to have more time to study so I can excel at my course. Yes, I have a lot on my plate, but working hard isnt new for me. Growing up, my parents cultivated in me the importance of working hard for what I want in life.‎ My dream is to get a job in the NHS. But now, Im just focused on trying to get the best grades I can. Whenever I find life hard, I tell myself this is about my future.‎ ‎8. Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every week?‎ A. To pay for his own living expenses B. To pay for his tuition fees C. To prove his ability to earn money D. To help his parents pay off the debts ‎9. What does the underlined word “eligible” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. Responsible. B. Anxious.‎ C. Qualified. D. Accessible.‎ ‎10. Which of the following can NOT be used to describe the author?‎ A. Persistent. B. Diligent.‎ C. Sociable. D. Ambitious.‎ ‎11. Which proverb can best summarize the passage?‎ A. Actions speak louder than words. B. God help those who help themselves.‎ C. A penny saved is a penny earned. D. Where there is life, there is hope.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者是Robert Gordon大学三年级的一名学生，他每周要在Sainsbury工作35个小时来维持生计。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句The only way I could afford to go to university was that I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents paid for my tuition fees.(我上得起大学的唯一方法是找一份能支付我所有生活费用的工作，而我的父母支付我的学费)可知，作者每周要工作很长时间，有时还要加班是为了自己支付生活费用。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文Unfortunately, though I had applied for “settled” British residential status the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application.(不幸的是，尽管我申请了“定居”英国的居住身份，但英国内政部一直等到我上六年级时才批准了我的申请)可推测，作者不符合学生贷款的“资格”，故划线部分单词意思为“合格的，有资格的”。A. Responsible.负责的；B. Anxious.焦急的；C. Qualified.有资格的；D. Accessible.易接近的。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 判断推理题。根据倒数第二段第一句I don’t have much time to socialize because of my job.(因为我的工作，我没有太多的时间去社交)可推测，作者并不是一个善于社交的人。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，出生于一个家庭经济情况紧张的作者为了上大学，每周坚持工作35个小时，并且一直保持着全班最好的成绩，作者这种不懈努力的行为体现了“天助自助者”。故选B。‎ D I have two kids, a boy and a girl. I don’t worry about my girl; I’m sure she’ll be well trained in mixed martial arts. I worry about my son. I’m pretty sure he’s going to be feminine (女性化的). Sorry to say that, but let’s face it. No dad wants his son to go feminine.‎ At the rate we’re moving in a couple of years you won’t be able to tell the difference between boys and girls Sound extreme? Think about this. In every movie where advanced time-traveling beings come to our planet there’s one constant: You can’t tell the male aliens from the female aliens!‎ But that’s the future. Kids today are soft and fat. People ask why. Is it junk food? No. Junk food has been around for fifty years. Is it video games? No. Video games have been around for thirty years. None of the kids playing them back in the day were terribly obese. We’re all scratching our heads trying to figure out what we’ve introduced to society to ruin our kids. But it’s not anything we’ve added that has ruined our kids. It’s stuff we’ve gotten rid of.‎ Take the gym rope for example. Remember that thing that stretched from the floor to the ceiling in your gym class that you could never climb? Most of the kids couldn’t make it to the top. But that wasn’t the point; the point was you had to try while some middle-aged guy who couldn’t make it up a flight of stairs shouted at you. We should have put our son on that rope, and given him a head start, but we didn’t want to shame the boy, so we took it down.‎ Taking down the rope would be a good idea if there were no ropes in life. But they’re everywhere. You just can’t see them. They’re in every goal unrealized and expectation not met. The point everyone missed about the rope is you weren’t supposed to make it to the top. It was there to create a fire that burned in the oversized belly of every kid.‎ ‎12. What is the example of aliens used to show?‎ A. Girls are growing like boys. B. Boys are going feminine.‎ C. There are really time-traveling beings. D. Alien movies are popular with children.‎ ‎13. What causes kids today to be soft and fat?‎ A. Junk food. B. Video games.‎ C. Stuff introduced to society. D. Things removed from society.‎ ‎14. How does the author find teenagers today?‎ A. They have too much dignity. B. They are overprotected.‎ C. They are less independent. D. They are thought too highly of.‎ ‎15. What does the rope probably symbolize?‎ A. Goals. B. Expectations.‎ C. Competition. D. Assistance.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。本文主要论述了现在的男孩越来越女性化，而他们变得女性化的原因是父母亲过多的保护孩子，而没有让男孩子自己去承受一些他们应该承受的东西。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中I worry about my son. I’m pretty sure he’s going to be feminine (女性化的). Sorry to say that, but let’s face it. No dad wants his son to go feminine.(我担心我的儿子。我很确定他会很有女人味。很抱歉这么说，但是让我们面对现实吧。没有爸爸想让他的儿子变得女性化)及第二段中的In every movie where advanced time-traveling beings come to our planet there’s one constant: You can’t tell the male aliens from the female aliens!(在每一部有先进的时间旅行生物来到我们星球的电影中，都有一个不变的事实:你分不清男性外星人和女性外星人！)可知，作者举外星人的例子是进一步说明想告诉我们现在男孩越来越女性化。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句But it’s not anything we’ve added that has ruined our kids. It’s stuff we’ve gotten rid of.(但并不是我们添加的任何东西毁了我们的孩子。这些东西我们已经处理掉了)可知，是因为我们抛弃了一些社会准则导致了今天的孩子又软又胖、变得女性化了。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中We should have put our son on that rope, and given him a head start, but we didn’t want to shame the boy, so we took it down.(‎ 我们应该把儿子放在那根绳子上，让他领先一步，但我们不想让孩子感到羞耻，所以我们把绳子取了下来)可知，作者认为今天的青少年被过多地保护了。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文中最后两段可知，这里的rope指的是竞争，父母为了不伤害孩子，他们把标准降低了。故选C。‎ 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Everyone wants to achieve happiness and smile．___16___How do we find real happiness and smile? By getting rich? In case you are scratching your head，looking for some reasons or ideas to be happy．Here are a few．‎ ‎16. Throw an impromptu(即兴的) party．___2___An impromptu one increases the joy to a new level．And of course making other people happy is bound to have the same effect on you．‎ ‎17. Treat yourself . Sometimes all it takes to make one happy is a little indulgence(放纵)．So，go ahead and grab a cup of coffee and sit inside a blanket with a good book! You will be surprised at how happy it makes you．‎ ‎18. ___3___. Happiness can be transformed! When we feel happy and excited，it can lift the spirits of others．Your simple gesture can transform a person’s day and get him or her prepared to take on any challenge．‎ ‎19. Have a conversation with a parent．If you are like most kids，you possibly spend more time texting or surfing the Internet than talking to your family．___4___You will be surprised at the feeling of joy that it brings to you．‎ ‎20. Finally，don’t forget to be happy every day! While International Day of Happiness may come about only once a year，happiness is around you all day and night___5___‎ A. You just have to seek it out and grab it．‎ B. Most of your family members show no interest in texting or the Internet．‎ C. But life is hard，so it is very difficult to find real happiness and smile．‎ D. Be friendly to others and smile at a stranger．‎ E. Set aside your mobile phone for a few minutes and have a chat with a family member．‎ F. You should try to celebrate the Day of Happiness every day and everywhere．‎ G. Nothing makes people happier than being invited to a party.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。每个人都想获得快乐和微笑，但是怎样才能找到真正的快乐和微笑呢？这篇文章将会给你一些建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文内容可知每个人都想获得快乐和微笑，而下文意为“我们如何才能找到真正的快乐和微笑呢？”C项意为“但是生活艰难，很难找到真正的快乐与微笑”，正好起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文可知建议你举办一个即兴的聚会，G项意为“没有什么比被邀请参加聚会更让人高兴”，与上句连接，故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的When we feel happy and excited，it can lift the spirits of others.可知，当我们开心和兴奋时，也会使他人心情好。D项意为“对他人友好，对陌生人微笑”，能概括本段内容，适合作为本段标题。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文的If you are like most kids，you possibly spend more time texting or surfing the Internet than talking to your family．可知，作者提到了大部分孩子上网和玩手机时间比和家人谈话要多，从而建议暂时放下手机，E项“把手机放在一边和家人谈一谈”表达了此内容。故选E。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第一段的looking for some reasons or ideas to be happy可知，作者希望你能找到理由去开心，上句“幸福与你日夜相伴”，A项“找到幸福并抓住幸福”与上句连接。故选A。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）‎ 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D ‎ 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was coming back from home late at night in a “Sharing” mini van (厢式货车). In Hydera-bad, India, it is a cheap and quick form of ___21___. The van driver picked up as many as 13 people at times in a vehicle which is ___22___ for the transport of 8. So our van was very ___23___.‎ Making her way to the ___24___ of the van, a school girl with a bag ___25___ the driver to stop. While getting down, she slipped and fell. None of us ___26___ it, as it was dark outside. The driver was ___27___ for her to pay. It was then that we saw that the girl was on her ___28___ by the side of the road. Another passenger and I got down___29___ and held her up.‎ Even in _____30_____, she held up a note and asked us to pay the driver. The other _____31_____ passenger took the note and paid the driver. My _____32_____ was a few hundred meters away. As a girl, I knew I’d get off and stay with her in the_____33_____. So I paid up the driver for_____34_____ and he drove away with the other passengers.‎ I neither_____35_____ her nor did I know what to do. But I was there, giving some comforting words to the girl in pain. I looked for a place for her to sit. Then I phoned her friend and waited there. She was rushed to a nearby clinic later.‎ ‎21. A. 1ife B. transport C. activity D. communication ‎22. A. designed B. bought C. organized D. powered ‎23. A. heavy B. noisy C. crowded D. awkward ‎24. A. driver B. window C. door D. seat ‎25 A‎. guided B. suggested C. admitted D. signaled ‎26. A. noticed B. managed C. recognized D. stood ‎27. A. caring B. reaching C. waiting D. planning ‎28. A. back B. knees C. feet D. own ‎29. A. immediately B. doubtfully C. naturally D. anxiously ‎30. A. silence B. surprise C. vain D. pain ‎31. A. patient B. helpful C. generous D. secret ‎32. A. home B. stop C. car D. school ‎33. A. dark B. rain C. wind D. van ‎34. A. himself B. herself C. myself D. itself ‎35. A. ignored B. persuaded C. promised D. knew ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲说了作者乘坐厢式货车时看到一个小女孩下车时不小心摔倒，虽然自己还没有到站，但是选择下车陪伴这个女孩，并帮助她联系朋友接她去诊所。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在印度的海得拉巴，它是一种廉价而快捷的交通工具。A. 1ife生活，生命；B. transport运输，交通工具；C. activity活动；D. communication交流。根据句意和语境，主语“it”应是指前文提及的a “Sharing” mini van，因此可知，它在印度应是交通工具之一。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名厢式货车司机有时在一辆专为8人设计的车上搭载多达13人。A. designed设计；B. bought购买；C. organized组织；D. powered为……提供动力。分析可知，“which is ___2___ for the transport of ‎8”‎应是之前名词a vehicle的定语从句，结合语境可知，这种车本设计为载客量为8人却载了13个人。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此我们的车很拥挤。A. heavy重的，大量的；B. noisy喧闹的，有噪音的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。根据前文“The van driver picked up as many as 13 people at times in a vehicle which is ___2___ for the transport of 8.”提及原本载客量为8人的车载客13人，因此很拥挤。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个提着包的女学生向车门口走去，示意司机停车。A. driver司机；B. window窗户；C. door门；D. seat座位。根据后文“a school girl with a bag ___5 __ the driver to stop. While getting down, she slipped and fell.”可知，这个女孩要下车，要先走到车门处才可以。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个提着包的女学生向车门口走去，示意司机停车。A. guided给……导游，给……指路；B. suggested建议，表明；C. admitted承认；D. signaled (‎ 打手势或发声音) 向……示意，发信号。根据后文“While getting down”说明她要下车，示意司机停车。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谁也没有注意到，因为外面很黑。A. noticed注意；B. managed管理；C. recognized辨认；D. stood站立。根据后文“as it was dark outside (因为外面很黑)”可知，由于外面比较黑，没有人注意到这个小女孩下车时摔倒了。故选A项。‎ ‎27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机等着这个女孩付乘车费A. caring关心，在乎；B. reaching到达；C. waiting等待；D. planning计划。根据空后介词for，所选动词应与for连用构成固定结构，wait for sb. to do sth.“等待某人做某事”用在句中表达这个司机等着这个女孩付乘车费。故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我们看到那个女孩跪倒在路边。A. back后背；B. knees膝盖；C. feet脚；D. own自己的。根据前文“While getting down, she slipped and fell.”提及她下车时踩空磕在地上了，且后文“held her up (把她扶起来)”可知，她跪倒在地了。on one’s knees“跪在地上，倒下”。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我和另一名乘客立即下车，把她扶了起来。A. immediately立即；B. doubtfully怀疑地，含糊地；C. naturally自然地；D. anxiously不安地，忧虑地。根据后文“held her up”可知，作者和另一名乘客应是下车将她扶起，此处用A项immediately (立即，立刻)可表达作者和这位乘客下车帮忙的心情。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管很痛，她还是举起一张纸币，要我们付钱给司机。A. silence沉默；B. surprise惊喜，惊讶；C. vain徒劳；D. pain疼痛。根据前文“While getting down, she slipped and fell.”可知，她下车时踩空摔倒在地，对于女孩来说应该很痛。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一位热心的乘客拿了纸条，付了钱给司机。A. patient耐心的；B. helpful有帮助的，愿意帮忙的；C. generous慷慨的；D. secret秘密的。根据前文“she held up a note and asked us to pay the driver.(她举起一张纸币，要我们付钱给司机)”可知，她在请求帮忙，而另外一个帮助了她将钱递给司机。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下车的车站还有几百米远。A. home家；B. stop车站；C. car汽车；D. school学校。根据句意和语境可知，这里的“a few hundred meters away (几百米之外)”可知，此处是作者要下车的车站。故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女孩，我知道我应该下车在黑暗中陪伴女孩。A. dark黑暗；B. rain雨；C. wind风；D. van客货车，厢式送货车。根据前文“I was coming back from home late at night in a “Sharing” mini van”提及事情发生在晚上，且根据前文可知，女孩下车时踩空摔倒在地，受伤了，作者从自己也是女孩的角度出发认为自己应该下车和她一起在黑暗中陪着她。故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查代词词义辨析。句意：我就付了我的乘车费，司机载着其他乘客开走了。A. himself他自己；B. herself她自己；C. myself我自己；D. itself它自己。根据前文“As a girl, I knew I’d get off and stay with her in the___13__ .”可知，作者要下车，应该付乘车费给司机。pay for myself“为自己支付”。故选C项。‎ ‎35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既不认识她，也不知道该干什么。A. ignored忽略，忽视；B. persuaded劝说，说服；C. promised答应，允诺；D. knew知道。结合语境可知，作者和这个女孩搭乘一辆车，并不认识彼此。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】利用句间逻辑关系选出正确答案 ‎ 在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。比如文章第3小题：‎ The van driver picked up as many as 13 people at times in a vehicle which is ___2___ for the transport of 8. So our van was very ___3___ .‎ ‎3. A. heavy B. noisy C. crowded D. awkward 根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是因果，前文为原因“8人车承载了13个乘客”，因此后文结果应是“拥挤的”。故而答案为C项。‎ 第二节 （共10小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Traditional earthen buildings Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings ( 住宅) in the ___36___ (mountain) area in east China's Fujian Province. The buildings ___37___ (appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and took ___38___ (they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou. The buildings were ___39___ (original) for Hakka families to live together and defend ___40___the invaders. They evolved from local mountain camps, most of ___41___ took a circular structure. Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since it was put on the List, and the number of tourists ___42___ (rise)dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth generation owner of Zhencheng Building ___43___ (build) in 1912. Lin went back home and inherited the building, turning it into a homestay hotel. In peak time, there are 200 people from 27 families ___44___ (live) in it. He runs ___45___business with his family and takes good care of the visitors. Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin's life more colorful in the village.‎ ‎【答案】36. mountainous ‎ ‎37. appeared ‎ ‎38. their 39. originally ‎ ‎40. against ‎ ‎41. which 42. has risen ‎ ‎43. built 44. living ‎ ‎45. the ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在2008年被收录到世界文化遗产的福建土楼。文章还介绍了福建土楼的历史、以往的功能等。同时，还通过例子介绍了福建土楼现今作为民宿发展的这一经济作用。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：2008年被列为世界文化遗产的土楼建筑，是中国东部福建省山区独一无二的农村住宅。分析句子可知，area为名词，意为“区域；地区”，因此需形容词在前作定语对其进行修饰。故填mountainous。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：这些建筑出现在宋元时期，定形在明清时期。分析句子可知，宋元时期为过去的时间点，发生在过去时间点的事情用一般过去时即可。故填appeared。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查物主代词。句意：这些建筑出现在宋元时期，定形在明清时期。分析句子可知，下文current shapes为名词短语，此处应天形容词性物主代词。故填their。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：这些建筑最初是为了客家人的共同居住和抵御侵略者而建造的。分析句子可知，修饰动词live together和defend against时应使用副词形式，故填originally。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：这些建筑最初是为了客家人的共同居住和抵御侵略者而建造的。分析句子可知，此处为固定词组defend against，意为“保卫；抵抗；抵御；防御”。故填against。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。句意：它们时从当地的山区营地演变而来的，其中大多数都采取了圆形结构。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，且是of+关系代词的结构。先行词camps为物，从句中缺少主语成分，因此需使用which在从句中作主语。故填which。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：大部分土楼在被列入名录以后发展起来，游客数量急剧上升。分析句子可知，since引导时间状语从句时，主句一般使用现在完成时，从句使用一般过去时，表示从“开始”被列入名录以来，土楼的发展和游客数量的上升在持续。且句中and需连接时态、语态一直的词语，前句中使用了现在完成时，空处也应使用现在完成时。the number of+名词复数形式时，其谓语要用三单形式，故填has risen。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：林健文是1912年建成的镇城土楼的第六代业主。分析句子可知，Zhencheng Building和build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：在高峰时期，一共有来自27个家庭的200口人住在这里。分析句子可知，本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，因此需使用live作非谓语动词。live与逻辑主语people and families之间是主谓关系，故填living。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查定冠词。句意：他和他的家人一起做生意，并且把客人们都照顾的很好。后文中的business指代的是前文中出现的a homestay hotel 民宿生意，前文中出现过的内容，后文再次出现时应使用定冠词the。故填the。‎ ‎【点睛】介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，是定语从句中一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系，在此结构中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）。但有些动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：look for，look after，pay attention to等等。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）‎ 第一节 （满分 15 分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen为中国目前的新冠状病毒疫情制作了一个加油视频寄给了你。请写一封感谢信，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 表示感谢；‎ ‎2. 描述你的现状；‎ ‎3. 表达信心。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80字左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 参考词汇：‎ 新冠状病毒疫情：the novel coronavirus epidemic 疫情防控：epidemic prevention and control Dear Allen,‎ Dear Allen,‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Allen,‎ Words failed me when I watched your video. I truly appreciate your love and support.‎ The new semester opening date is postponed due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic. My classmates and I are staying at home and taking online courses, which is beneficial to ‎ the epidemic prevention and control.‎ Though we are facing a big challenge, each of us is definitely convinced that we can get through the hard times and win the battle!‎ May our friendship last forever!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，表达对朋友的感谢以及描述自己的现状和信心。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 结构：三段式结构。第一段表达感谢；第二段描述自己的现状；第三段表达信心。‎ 要求：1.表达感谢（appreciate）‎ ‎ 2.描述自己的现状 ‎ 1）学校推迟开学（opening date is postponed）‎ ‎ 2）参加网路课程（take online courses）‎ ‎ 3.表达信心（be convinced that）‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ due to; take online courses; be beneficial; face a challenge; be convinced that ‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. The new semester opening date is postponed due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic.‎ ‎2. My classmates and I are staying at home and taking online courses, which is beneficial to the epidemic prevention and control.‎ ‎3. Though we are facing a big challenge, each of us is definitely convinced that we can get through the hard times and win the battle!‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。‎ ‎1）作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：‎ My classmates and I are staying at home and taking online courses, which is beneficial to the epidemic prevention and control.(我和我的同学呆在家里，参加网络课程，这对防疫工作很有帮助)这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。‎ Though we are facing a big challenge, each of us is definitely convinced that we can get through the hard times and win the battle!(虽然我们面临着巨大的挑战，但我们每个人都坚信，我们能够度过困难时期，赢得战斗！)这句话使用了though引导让步状语从句，且that引导宾语从句。‎ ‎2）使用了一些固定词组，如due to; take online courses; be beneficial; face a challenge等。‎ 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 （满分 25 分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ It was the first day of our new grade. Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily excited to see each other again after the long holidays. When the door slid open, all of us stopped talking and turned to look. In came our teacher Ms. Sullivan, followed by an ordinary-looking boy,‎ ‎“This boy’s name is Rafael.” Ms. Sullivan announced. “He’s a transfer student (转校生), and he’s going to be in our class starting from today. Make sure all of you welcome him warmly.”‎ The class clapped. But I didn't want to have a second look at the newcomer, for he had no outstanding qualities considering his small figure and casual T-shirt.‎ ‎“Oh, I forgot to mention one thing.” Ms. Sullivan spoke up. “Rafael actually has hearing problems. Normally he would have hearing aids on, but his old ones have just been broken.‎ His doctor suggested that he stay at home until he got his new ones. However, Rafael insisted on attending his first day of school. So if you want to communicate with him, you have to write it on a piece of paper.”‎ This single speech sent the whole class up into an uproar (嘈杂). Some students looked at each other with expressions of surprise. Others voiced cries of concern out of pity.‎ Ms. Sullivan calmed everyone down. “I’d like someone to personally help him out throughout the day. Do I have any volunteers?”‎ ‎“How can a disabled person be intelligent?” I thought to myself. I refused to raise my hand, expecting someone else would. But nobody did or said anything. Dead silence spread across the classroom.‎ It was by total bad luck that my eyes happened to meet Ms. Sullivan's.‎ ‎“How about you, James?” She asked me. “Is it okay for you to take care of Rafael just for today?”‎ It is difficult to refuse a request by someone, especially if that person is a teacher. I sighed and nodded slightly. Ms. Sullivan gestured for Rafael to sit beside me and then asked us to share our holiday stories with the class.‎ Paragraph 1:‎ Immediately, the class became excited.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1:‎ Immediately, the class became excited. Some could hardly wait to tell their seatmates about their holiday trips, eyes shining and faces glowing with joy. Those who hadn’t been anywhere bombarded them with inquiring questions. Enormous joy welled up in every corner of the classroom. Obviously confused at the sudden noisy situation, Rafael turned to me for reasons in written words. Surprisingly,‎ ‎ my explanation put a smile on his face. “Any volunteer to share your story?” asked Ms. Sullivan, whose words I set down on paper for Rafael.‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform. Greeting us with a confident smile, Rafael shared his story in a magnetic voice, which left me stunned. I felt more ashamed to learn that he ran a website to help children with hearing problems than guilty about stupidly thinking disabled people couldn’t be intelligent. Then his voice was lost in a thunderous outburst of applause. Feeling a lump in the throat, I clapped my hands even more loudly, determined never to judge a book by its cover.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公James开学第一天的遭遇：老师介绍新来的转校生，他长相普通而且听力有问题，由于助听器坏掉无法与同学们正常交流，老师希望能有同学帮助他，而James成为老师的人选并安排这位新同学坐在James旁边。‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，老师介绍新来的转校生，他长相普通而且听力有问题，由于助听器坏掉无法与同学们正常交流，老师希望能有同学帮助他，而James成为老师的人选并安排这位新同学坐在James旁边。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Immediately, the class became excited.(全班立刻变得兴奋起来)，所以应该写全班同学分享假期故事。要详细描述同学们在讲述假期故事时的神态表情和动作，但同时要描述新同学由于听力问题对着突然的反应的疑惑以及与James之间的交流等。第二段开头是：Then Rafael rose and walked onto the platform.(然后Rafeal站了起来，走上讲台) 本段应该写Rafeal走上讲台后分享的故事，且故事主题应是Rafeal并没有因为自己听力问题而自卑，反而因此做了更有意义的事情，才能呼应前文中提及的How can a disabled person be intelligent?而出现转折，从而在文章最后领悟到“不可以貌取人”。‎ 续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：‎ ‎1)高级词汇和短语：bombard with; well up; be confused at; set down; fell more ashamed to; be lost in; feel a lump in the throat等；‎ ‎2)复合句 Those who hadn’t been anywhere bombarded them with inquiring questions.(句中包含who引导定语从句)‎ Greeting us with a confident smile, Rafael shared his story in a magnetic voice, which left me stunned. (句中包含which引导非限制性定语从句)‎ ‎3)非谓语结构 Some could hardly wait to tell their seatmates about their holiday trips, eyes shining and faces glowing with joy.(句中包含非谓语结构eyes shining and faces glowing with joy作伴随状语) ‎ Obviously confused at the sudden noisy situation, Rafael turned to me for reasons in written words. (句中包含非谓语结构confused at the sudden noisy situation作原因状语)‎