高考英语一轮总复习书面表达新题型同步练习牛津译林版 2

高考英语一轮总复习书面表达新题型同步练习牛津译林版 2

书面表达 新题型 ‎ (根据《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明》，读后续写或概要写作两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用。)‎ 对应学生用书p225‎ ‎　　‎ 读后续写是一种综合考查学生的阅读与写作能力、创新思维与语言表达能力的新题型。它具有以下特点：‎ ‎1．所给材料以记叙文为主；‎ ‎2．读写结合。学生要在读懂材料内容、理清情节脉络之后，按试题要求完成续写部分；‎ ‎3．发挥空间大。学生要通过根据对试题的确切理解，根据故事情节的发展，对文章的结局有个合理的表达。‎ 写作要求：‎ 提供一段350词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据材料内容，所给段落开头语进行续写(150词左右)，将其发展成一篇与所给材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。‎ ‎1．所提供的语言材料350词以内，所续写的词数为150左右。‎ ‎2．续写部分共两段，每段的开头语已有提示；‎ ‎3．有一种续写题型要求使用五个以上原文中标有下划线的关键词语；而近期又出现无下划线词语的题型。‎ 一般来说，记叙文所呈现的要素有“6w”：when, where, who, what, why, how。那么，学生阅读时就要注意：‎ ‎1．故事的起因、发展、高潮和结局。原文往往已经将起因和发展交代清楚了，学生要通读全文，把握文章的脉络和串起其中的关键词，根据所给的两段段首句续写故事的高潮部分和最后的结局部分；‎ ‎2．在谋篇布局时，必须注意文中事件发生的逻辑性，故事的发展必须符合情节内在的逻辑。在布局第一段的内容时，要兼顾两段的段首句，因为第二段的段首句决定第一段的走 9‎ 向；同时也应注意划线词语与主题的关联；‎ ‎3．写作手法上应以叙述为主，同时注意心理活动和动作的描写。‎ ‎(一)有下划线词语要求的写作步骤 ‎1．细读文章、确定文章线索。根据作者的写作思路，找到该篇文章的主线，要么以时间要么以空间为线索，“顺藤摸瓜”，串连起文章的首尾。‎ ‎2．仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示等，做到“心中有数”。‎ ‎3．结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。‎ ‎4．在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示或者文中划线的关键词语拟写提纲或打好草稿。写作时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连续词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。‎ ‎5．最后，检查关键词的使用标出自己所用关键词语，并根据情况做出修改。在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰、美观。‎ ‎(二)无下划线词语要求的写作步骤 从某种意义上说，无下划线词要求的读后续写相对容易。由于没有关键词语的限制，考生的构思更加简便。‎ ‎1．细读原文，明确原文的主旨大意，梳理其主要情节。‎ ‎2．透彻理解续写两段落的开头句。‎ ‎3．原文的最末一句也值得思考、分析。‎ ‎4．把以上要点串联到一起确定要续写的两个段落的内容。‎ ‎5．最后检查，敲定情节发展是否合理。‎ ‎●示例 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Thoughitisoneofthefadedmemoriesofmylifetoday, therearetimeswhenIrememberhisfaceclearly, especiallyhiseyes.AshehadyellowspotsonhiseyeswecalledhimSpotty.Hewouldhavebeena 9‎ stray(流浪的) dog, untilhecametome.‎ Iwassevenyearsold.MydadhadjustgotanewjobinNasik.Wehadmovedintoarentedhouse.Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.‎ Itwasacolddarknight.Wehadourmealandwenttosleep.SomehowinthemidnightIheardsomestrangesoundsoutsidethemaindoor.IgatheredcourageandlookedoutthroughthewindowandIwasreallyamusedwithwhatIsawoutside.‎ Therewasasmallpuppylyingonanolddoormatwhichmymotherhadputoutsidethedoor.Itwaswetandtrembling.Atfirstitwasdifficulttoseethelittleone.Itwastheyellowspotsonitseyesthatmademerealizeitspresence.‎ ItwastryingtogetunderthedoormattoavoidthecoldairoutsideandithadmanagedtogetinasIcouldseeonlyitsheadoutsidethedoormat.Wasitsickorinjured?‎ Ifeltpityforthepoorsoul.Iwentinandcameoutwithanoldtowel.Iwentneartheinnocentoneandhelditinmyhandandwipedthepuppytillhehadbecomedry.Itookhimintomyroomandmadeabedforhimwithawoolenblanketandasmallpillow.Heseemedveryhealthyandcomfortableinhisnewbedashewenttosleepimmediately.‎ Thenextmorning, everyoneinthefamilycametoknowabouttheunusualguest.“Shallwekeephimwithus？”Iquestionedmymom.‎ Likeanyotherparentswould, myparentsfirsttotallyrefusedmyideabutmysisterandIconvincedthemtokeepSpotty.‎ SlowlySpottygotonwitheveryoneandbecameoneofthefamilymembers.‎ Paragraph1：‎ DayspassedonandoneeveningwhenSpottyreturnedfromhislongwalk, heappearedverytired.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph2：‎ Almostayearlater, ‎ 9‎ onemidnightweheardSpottybarkingbreathlessly.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ Paragraph1：‎ DayspassedonandoneeveningwhenSpottyreturnedfromhislongwalk, heappearedverytired.Hecametomyroomandsatnearme.ItwasthenthatIsawhishindlegwasinjuredandwasbleeding.Icalledoutmymother, whoquicklytreatedhiswoundandgavehimfoodtoeat.Iwasveryupset.Butthenextday, Spottymadeagoodrecoveryandbegantogetalittleactive.AfterthisincidentmyrelationwithSpottybecamemoreintense.Ireallyadmiredhimalotforhiscourage.‎ Paragraph2：‎ Almostayearlater, onemidnightweheardSpottybarkingbreathlessly.Wecameoutandsawhimbarkingcontinuouslyheadingsomewhere.Aftersometime, Spottybecamequiet.Ipattedhimonhisbackandcameinside.Thenextmorning, myheartskippedabeatwhenIdidn'tseeSpotty.Isearchedforhimineachandeverycornerbuthewasnowhere.Icriedforonelongweek.WhatwouldhavehappenedtoSpotty? Wouldhehavedied? Theseweretheonlyquestionsinmymind, buttheyremainedunansweredforever.‎ ‎[试题分析]‎ ‎1．原文主要情节：‎ ‎(1)WehadmovedintoanewlyrentedhouseinNasikasmydadhadgotanewjobthere.‎ ‎(2)Onacolddarknightastraypuppycamelyingonanolddoormatoutsideofmyhouse.‎ ‎(3)Iheldhiminmyarmsandtookgoodcareofhim, namedSpotty.‎ ‎(4)MyparentsatfirstrefusedmyideaandthenallowedSpottytobekeptbymysisterandme.‎ ‎(5)SlowlySpottywasgettingonwellwitheveryoneandbecameoneofthefamilymembers.‎ 9‎ ‎2．续文情节推理：‎ ‎(1)是“我”发现、收留并照顾了Spotty，使他成了“我”家的一员。‎ ‎(2)作为“我”家的一员，Spotty的日子怎么过的呢？从Paragraph1给出的开头来看，随着时间的推移，Spotty要有日常活动，于是有一个晚上他远行之后又折了回来，疲惫不堪。Spotty腿受伤，流着血，作者给他包扎，治疗。第二天得到恢复，他又活跃了起来。‎ 接着Paragraph2的开头句，是“一年之后”的事情了，Spotty“barked breathlessly”，最后他走了，之后再无声迹。最后两个问句，表达“我”的不舍和沉痛的心情。‎ 全文描述了“我”和Spotty从结识、相处到分离的全过程。‎ ‎1‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ TwoyearsagoI, togetherwithmyfamily, movedtoanothercity.Thedayweleft, mybestfriendandIcriedtogetherinmyemptybedroomforhours.Iwasmiserableandhomesickduringthefivehourcarridetomynewhouse.‎ Whenwefinallyarrivedatthenewhouse, Irantothephonetotellmybestfriendmyaddressandphonenumber.Wetalkedforalittlewhile, butIhadtohangupbecausethelongdistancecallwasexpensive.Bothofusagreedtokeepintouchwitheachotherforever.‎ Onthefirstdayofschool, Icalledhertotellherhoweverythingwent.Then, onHalloween, Isentheraletterandapictureofmynewfriendsandme.‎ Finally, shewrotemealetter.Itwasn'tevenaletter, justabunchofpiecesofpapersaying, “Best friends forever.”‎ WhenIfinallygotheremailaddress, IemailedherthelongestletterIhadeverwritten.Ididn'treceiveanemail, andbythethirdemailwithnoresponse, mymessagesgrewshorterandshorter.Witheachpassingday, Igotangrierandangrier.Ineverreceivedareplyfromher.‎ MomsaidthatIcouldcontactmyotherfriends, andthatIdidn'tneedtoalwayscontacther.Giveupmybestfriend?‎ Paragraph1: ‎ 9‎ Myfirstanswerwasautomatic, “Noway！”________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph2: ‎ Aftertwoyearsofdisappointment, ________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ Paragraph1: ‎ Myfirstanswerwasautomatic, “Noway！”Butafterfivemoreemails, threemorephonecallsandtwomoreletters, Istartedtoconsiderwhatmymomhadsaid.Everynightforaboutaweek, IstartedupinbedthinkingwhatIshoulddo.ShouldIgiveuporshouldIkeeptrying？IfIwasherbestfriend, shewouldspendaminutepushingafewbuttonsonthephone, ortypingashortmessageonthecomputer.‎ Paragraph2: ‎ Aftertwoyearsofdisappointment, Ifinallyreceivedaphonecallfrommybestfriend.Shetoldmehowsorryshewasfornotreplying, andhowbusyshehadbeen.Iforgaveher.Icametorealizethattruefriendswouldneverreallylosetheirspecialconnection.Evenaftertwoyears, ‎ 9‎ itfeltasifwehadjusttalkedyesterday.NowsheandIcontacteachotherregularly.‎ ‎[试题分析]‎ 通过阅读所给文章可知，作者在去新家后，多次主动与她的好朋友联系，但朋友只草草回信说“永远的好朋友”，后来甚至是没有任何回应。基于这种情况，作者的妈妈建议她不再和朋友联系。‎ 根据要求，续写分为两段。第一段开头是：我的第一回答是不假思索地“不可能”……，所以此段应该接着描写她再次主动与朋友联系，却还是没有得到回应。第二段的开头是：经历两年的失望后……，所以此段应该描写功夫不负有心人，朋友终于和她联系，作者与朋友之间的误会解开。‎ 续写时要求使用5个及以上的关键词给写作增加了难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词，在恰当的时间加以运用。最后还要注意续写的作文词数应为150左右；续写完后，用下划线标出所使用的关键词。按要求完成写作。‎ ‎2‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ Jennywastheonlychildinherfamily.Shehadaquarrelwithhermotherthatafternoonandsheranoutofthehouseangrily.Shecouldn'thelpweepingsorrowfully(悲伤地) whenshethoughtofthe__scolding__from__her__mother. Havingwanderedaimlesslyin__the__streetforhours, shefeltalittlehungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat.Shestoodbesideastand(货摊) forawhile, watchingthemiddleagedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.However, withnomoneyinhand, shegaveasighandhadtoleave.Thesellerbehindthestandnoticedtheyounggirlandasked, “Hey, girl, youwanttohavethenoodles？”“Oh, yes, butIdon'thavemoneyonme，”shereplied.‎ ‎“That'snothing.I'lltreatyoutoday，”saidtheman.“Come in.”Thesellerbroughtherabowlofnoodles, thesmellsoattractive.Asshewaseating, Jennycriedsilently.“Whatisit？”askedthemankindly.“Nothing.ActuallyIwasjusttouchedbyyourkindness！”saidJennyasshewipedhertears. “Evenastrangeronthestreetwillgivemeabowlofnoodles, whilemymotherdrovemeoutofthehouse.Sheshowednocareforme.Sheissomerciless(无情的) ‎ 9‎ comparedtoastranger！”Hearingthewords, thesellersmiled,__“Girl, doyoureallythinkso?Ionlygaveyouabowlofnoodlesandyouthankedmealot.Butitisyourmotherwhohasraisedyousinceyouwereababy.Canyounumberthetimesshecookedforyou? Haveyouexpressedyourgratitude(感激) toher？”Jennysatthere, speechlessandnumb(麻木的) withshock; sherememberedhermother'sfamiliar__faceandweathered(变形) hands.“Whydidn'tIthinkofthat? Abowlofnoodlesfromastrangermademefeelindebted(感激的).Whyhaven'tIthankedmymumforwhatshehasdoneforme？”Onthewayhome, Jennymadeuphermindtomakeanapologytohermotherforherrudenessassoonasshearrivedhome.‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph1: ‎ Approachingthedoorway，________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph2: ‎ Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermindback.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ 9‎ Paragraph1: ‎ Approachingthedoorway, Jennytookadeepbreath.Tiredandsad, shesatdowninfrontofthehouse.“Wheremightmymotherbe？”shewondered.“Isshereallysoangrywithmethatshedoesn'twanttoshowanycareforme？”Again, thesceneofthequarrelappearedinhermind.Sherememberedherrudenesstohermother, andshejustrealizedthatallthe__scolding__from__her__motherwasduetothefactthathermotherreallycaredalotabouther.Tearsrolleddownhercheeks.‎ Paragraph2: ‎ Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermindback.Sheraisedherheadtoseethefamiliar__faceandtheworriedeyes.“Hereyoucome! I'vebeenlookingforyou，”camethetiredvoice.Jennycouldn'thelpbutthrowherselfintohermother'sarms.“I'm sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.”Sheexpressedthesincereapologyandthegreatgratitude.Thenshefeltthehugtightened.‎ ‎[试题分析]‎ ‎1．把握短文核心内容。仔细阅读所给短文，把握短文核心内容是完成续写的前提。本文讲的是一个故事。Jenny和妈妈吵架，跑出去，没有钱吃饭。一个陌生人请她吃了一碗面条，她感激万分。陌生人提醒她，为什么对陌生人的一碗面条感激不已，却从没有想过自己的妈妈为自己做了多少事情。‎ ‎2．预测故事发展。根据已知人物、事件及续写段落首段进行预测。‎ ‎3．罗列写作要点。结合文本中划线词语和预测，展开想象，罗列出故事情节的发展。‎ ‎4．连词成篇。结合罗列的要点，恰当地使用衔接词。避免重复使用同一个单词或短语，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等，但一定要与原文保持风格一致。‎ ‎5．认真检查。检查行文是否流畅、合逻辑，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否正确等。‎ 9‎