【英语】2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：必修4Unit11　TheMedia作业

【英语】2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：必修4Unit11　TheMedia作业

Unit 11　The Media 能力提升题组训练(A)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school,but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.‎ Once a program called Fast Track was started in the early 1990s for more than 7,600 children of 55 schools in America.They were identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral problems.The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention,which included a teacher-led curriculum,parent training groups,academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills.The program,which lasted from first grade through 10th grade,reduced delinquency(少年犯罪),arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood.‎ In another latest study,by looking at the data from nearly 900 students in previous findings,researchers found that about a third of the influence on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.‎ The academic skills,or hard skills like learning of physics,which ‎ were taught as part of Fast Track,turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than the soft skills,which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence.Soft skills might include teaching kids to work cooperatively in a group or teaching them how to think about the long-term consequences when they make a decision.‎ Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children.Parents should do all they can to promote these skills with their children,as should education policymakers.To the extent we can improve those skills,we can improve outcomes in delinquency.‎ ‎1.Fast Track was intended for children who 　　　. ‎ A.were randomly chosen from their schools B.had some problems with academic learning C.often went against their teachers and parents’ wishes D.were considered to have criminal trouble in the future ‎2.Compared with soft skills,hard skills 　　　. ‎ A.almost have no influence on students B.are more affected by students’ emotion C.are mainly related to academic learning D.offer children greater self-control abilities ‎3.Which is the best title for the passage?‎ A.Soft Social Skills Matter B.Fast Track Helps Children C.How to Prevent Delinquency D.What to Do for Education 语篇解读:本文是说明文,介绍了软社交技能的重要性。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school,but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.可知,Fast Track是为那些被认为在未来有犯罪问题的儿童准备的。故选D。‎ ‎2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的The academic skills,or hard skills like learning of physics,which were taught as part of Fast Track,turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than the soft skills,which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence.可知,与软技能相比,硬技能主要与学术学习有关。故选C。‎ ‎3.A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children.可知,本文讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五(2019湖北黄冈高三三模)‎ If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you,then it doesn’t change you.We all need some normal stress in our lives,after all.1.　　　 So challenge the following limits: ‎ Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.‎ If you’re a salesman,and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now,instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail,spend at least five minutes a day picking up the phone and making a call.2.　　　 But don’t stop on the first try! Eventually,you can look at fear in the eye and say,“Go on.I’m not scared!” ‎ Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.‎ Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.3.　　　 Apart from helping you challenge yourself,taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income. ‎ Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.‎ ‎4.　　　 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight,but also make you feel better about yourself. ‎ Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.‎ Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff.You never know what kind of people they’re going to be.Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class.5.　　 ‎ A.You should do it continuously.‎ B.Someone may hang up on you.‎ C.You don’t need to go to the gym.‎ D.Running in the gym may be a better choice.‎ E.Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.‎ F.Some examples might be cooking,sewing,painting and so on.‎ G.You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.‎ 答案:1-5　GBFCE Ⅲ.完形填空 It was my first year of graduate school and my professor was standing on the platform.He was telling us about a 　1　 he made years ago. ‎ About a decade earlier,my professor had been a sales manager at a large company.They were 　‎2　 ‎a national campaign and preparing for a major brand launch.My professor was 　3　 the operation. ‎ For almost two months before the launch day,he was flying all over the country to talk with major partners.　4　 crossing the country on flights,he was also trying to run his department.For weeks he would have meetings all day,answer 　5　 and phone calls all night,and squeeze in three or four hours of sleep. ‎ The week before the big launch day,his body 　6　.He had to be rushed to the hospital.Major organs had started to 　7　 from the long-term stress.He spent the next eight days in hospital,　8　 to do anything as the launch day came and went. ‎ Imagine that your 　9　 and energy are a bucket of water.In your ‎ daily life,there are things that fill your bucket up.These are inputs like sleep,nutrition,laughter,and other forms of 　10　.There are also forces that drain(使排出) the water from your bucket.These are 　11　 like stress from work or school,relationship problems,or other forms of anxiety. ‎ The forces that drain your bucket aren’t all 　12　.To live a productive life,it can be important to have some things 　13　 out of your bucket.Working hard in the gym,at school,or at the office allows you to produce something 　14　.But positive outputs are still outputs and they drain your energy partly.These outputs are gradual.Even a little leak can result in significant water loss 　15　 time. ‎ ‎1.A.prediction B.decision C.fortune D.mistake ‎2.A.at the end of B.in the middle of C.at the mercy of D.on the way to ‎3.A.sponsoring B.leading C.assisting D.adopting ‎4.A.Before B.Though C.While D.Since ‎5.A.emails B.charges C.problems D.doors ‎6.A.give up B.give in C.give out D.give away ‎7.A.disappear B.suffer C.function D.fail ‎8.A.ready B.unwilling C.eager D.unable ‎9.A.health B.status C.success D.reputation ‎10.A.rest B.recovery C.entertainment D.accommodation ‎11.A.restrictions B.consequences C.examples D.outputs ‎12.A.uncontrollable B.unpredictable C.uncomfortable D.unfavorable ‎13.A.flowing B.slipping C.escaping D.growing ‎14.A.typical B.valuable C.casual D.exotic ‎15.A.over B.beyond C.after D.before 语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过分享自己的教授当年因过度劳累而使身体出问题,进而影响了重要工作的故事来告诫我们:凡事要劳逸结合。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　prediction预测;decision决定;fortune运气;mistake错误。根据下文内容可知,作者的教授讲述了自己当年犯下的不注意劳逸结合的错误。故选D。‎ ‎2.B　at the end of在……结束时; in the middle of (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事;at the mercy of任由……摆布;on the way to在去……的路上。当时,这家大公司正忙于一项全国性的活动。故选B。‎ ‎3.B　sponsoring赞助;leading领导;assisting协助;adopting采纳。根据下文描述的教授与重要合伙人洽谈、整天开会等忙碌的情形可推知,教授领导这个项目的运行。故选B。‎ ‎4.C　在乘飞机飞往全国各地工作的期间(while),他还努力管理着自己的部门。‎ ‎5.A　连续几周,他白天开会,晚上回复电子邮件(emails)和接电话,挤出三四个小时的时间睡觉。‎ ‎6.C　give up放弃;give in屈服;give out精疲力竭;give away赠送。根据下文中的He had to be rushed to the hospital可知,长期超负荷工作导致教授身体垮掉,不得不住院治疗。故选C。‎ ‎7.D　disappear消失;suffer遭受痛苦;function功能。因为长期的压力,他的主要器官已经开始衰竭。fail在这里表示“(机件或人体器官)失灵,丧失功能”。故选D。‎ ‎8.D　ready准备好的;unwilling不乐意的;eager渴望的;unable不能够的。教授在医院里度过了接下来的八天,发行日到来又过去,他却不能做任何事情。故选D。‎ ‎9.A　health健康;status地位;success成功;reputation名声。根据上文提到的关于教授身体出问题的内容可知,此处表示想象你的健康和精力就像一桶水。故选A。‎ ‎10.B　rest休息;recovery恢复;entertainment娱乐;accommodation食宿。根据空前的sleep,nutrition,laughter,and other forms of可知,空处所填词应能涵盖sleep,nutrition,laughter,指能填满你的“桶”的东西(即恢复健康和精力的东西),故recovery符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎11.D　restrictions限制;consequences结果;examples例子;outputs输出。前面提到了“inputs”及There are also forces that drain(使排出) the water from your bucket,根据空后的“stress...relationship problems”可知,空处所填词含义应与inputs的含义相反,故outputs符合语境。‎ ‎12.D　uncontrollable不可控的;unpredictable不可预测的;uncomfortable不舒服的;unfavorable不支持的。让你的“桶”中的水往外流的力量不都是有害的。故选D。‎ ‎13.A　flowing流动;slipping滑倒;escaping逃跑;growing生长。这里把释放压力形象地比喻成让某些东西从桶中流出来。故选A。‎ ‎14.B　typical典型的;valuable有价值的;casual随意的;exotic有毒的。在健身房、学校或办公室里努力工作,你可以产出一些有价值的东西。故选B。‎ ‎15.A　beyond超出;after在……后;before在……前。甚至是细微的漏洞也能随着时间的流逝导致显著的水流失。over time随着时间的推移,故选A。‎ 能力提升题组训练(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 A Up to now,nobody has been able to understand chimp behavior better than Jane Goodall.Since her childhood, she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.“All through my childhood people said you couldn’t go to Africa.You’re a girl.But my mother used to say,if you really want to,there’s nothing you can’t do.” Goodall said.‎ In 1957,the 26-year-old Goodall went to Kenya to work as a secretary.She also arranged to meet the famous scientist Louis Leakey,who was so impressed by her enthusiasm that he hired her as his assistant.She went with him on many trips to the African jungle and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote animal ‎ preserve,recording the animals’ behavior and interactions.‎ For three months Goodall made little progress.But she said,“I never came close to giving up.” Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a piece of grass into a termite (白蚁) hill,then put the grass in his mouth.Afterwards she came to the hill and did the same.Pulling the grass out,she discovered dozens of termites on it.The discovery—that some animals use tools—was unknown to most scientists at the time.‎ Goodall saw chimpanzees exhibit human-like emotions,such as jealousy and love.But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other.‎ Goodall received her PhD in the study of animal behavior at England’s Cambridge University.Now she travels around the globe raising money to preserve wildlife.“I love being in the forest with the chimpanzees,” she said.“I’d much rather be there than travel around from city to city.”‎ ‎1.What was Goodall’s childhood dream?‎ A.She dreamed of going to college.‎ B.She dreamed of traveling all around the world.‎ C.She dreamed of becoming a famous scientist.‎ ‎ D.She dreamed of studying animals in Africa.‎ ‎2.What did Goodall’s mother think of her dream?‎ A.As a girl she should not go to the African jungle.‎ B.Her dream would remain a dream unless she got the right training.‎ C.As a girl she should stay away from violent animals.‎ D.She could make her dream come true if she was determined.‎ ‎3.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A.One of Goodall’s discoveries is that some animals use tools.‎ B.Chimpanzees like attacking each other violently.‎ C.Goodall had just about given herself up when she made a breakthrough.‎ D.Termites are chimpanzees’ favorite food.‎ ‎4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A.The Lives of Chimps B.A Scholar of African Wildlife C.Jane’s Breakthrough D.The Connections between Chimps and Human Beings 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了一位到非洲研究动物习性的女科学家的故事。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since her childhood,she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.”可知,Goodall童年时的梦想是在非洲研究动物。故选D。‎ ‎2.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But my mother used to say,if you really want to,there’s nothing you can’t ‎ do.”可知,Goodall的母亲认为,如果Goodall下定决心做某事,没有什么能阻挡她实现她的梦想,她会实现她的梦想的。故选D。‎ ‎3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The discovery—that some animals use tools—was unknown to most scientists at the time.”可知,Goodall在非洲的发现之一就是有些动物会使用工具。故选A。‎ ‎4.B　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可总结出,本文主要介绍了一位到非洲研究动物习性的女科学家的故事。B项意为“研究非洲野生动物的一位学者”,体现了本文核心,适合用作标题。‎ B ‎(2019武汉高三调研测试)‎ The police recently caught the suspected Golden State Killer using a tool they could only have dreamed of decades ago,when a shocking series of murders shook California: a database filled with people’s genetic data (基因数据).‎ The police used an open-source database called GEDmatch to find relatives who matched genetic material taken from an old crime scene,then worked backward to identify and catch the 72-year-old former police officer Joseph James DeAngelo.‎ GEDmatch’s 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information,making it accessible to others who share their own ‎ data—including law enforcement agencies(执法机关).More than a dozen other similar platforms also exist.“If your relatives have contributed and you are part of even a family tree that appears online in one of these shared resources,you can be indirectly tracked through the combination of their DNA and the publicly available family history,” says Dr.Robert Green,a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical School.‎ Data sent to commercial companies like 23andMe,which has over 5 million customers,is much tougher for outsiders to access,but the case has still highlighted the issue of genetic privacy.‎ Although many genetic-testing companies have been asked to cooperate with legal investigations,and clearly warn customers of this possibility,not all requests are honored.“23andMe has never given customer information to law enforcement officials,” a company representative told Time.‎ The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high.The potential for abuse exists;for example,insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage (保险范围),Green says.But the systems in place to prevent misuse appear to be working.One is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008,a law that protects consumers from employment and insurance discrimination related to genetics.As long as that’s the case,Green says,the good of genetic tests outweighs the bad.‎ Sharon Zehe,a lawyer for the department of laboratory medicine and pathology at the Mayo Clinic,takes a more cautious approach.“Family tree services can be fun,but make sure you are using a reputable organization that has strong privacy policies in place,” she says.“Genetic data is biologically as important as a fingerprint.”‎ ‎5.Who is the Golden State Killer?‎ A.Robert Green. B.Joseph James DeAngelo. C.The author. D.Sharon Zehe.‎ ‎6.What drives the users to upload their genetic data?‎ A.The police’s force. B.Their relatives’ advice.‎ C.The boss’s order. D.Their own willingness.‎ ‎7.Who might misuse customers’ genetic data?‎ A.The police. B.GEDmatch. C.Insurance companies. D.23andMe.‎ 语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。警方利用遗传基因数据库技术,识别并逮捕了“金州杀手”嫌疑人。合法使用基因数据库技术可以帮助警方破案,但是基因数据库的保密风险很高,一旦泄露将对个人隐私造成严重的后果。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎5.B　细节理解题。通读第一、二段可知,第一段为事件概述,第二段展开事件细节。根据第二段可知,警方利用数据库技术,识别并逮捕了72岁的前警官Joseph James DeAngelo;结合第一段内容可知,“金州杀手”的嫌疑人是Joseph James DeAngelo,故B项正确。‎ ‎6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“GEDmatch’s 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information”可知,用户是自愿上传并分享他们的基因数据的,故D项正确。‎ ‎7.C　细节理解题。根据第六段第二句中的“The potential for abuse exists;for example,insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage(保险范围)”可知,保险公司有可能滥用基因数据,故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎　　Eating organic food will not make you healthier, according to researchers at Stanford University, although it could cut your 1.　　　　(expose) to pesticides (杀虫剂).They looked at more than 200 studies of the content and 2.　　　　(associate) health gains of organic and non-organic food.Overall, there 3.　　　　(be) no difference in the nutritional content, although organic food was 30% less likely 4.　　　　(contain) pesticides. ‎ The researchers looked at 17 studies comparing people who ate organic food 5.　　　　 those who did not and 223 studies 6.　　　　 compared the levels of nutrients, bacteria and pesticides in various food.However, none of the human studies ran for longer than two years,7.　　　　(make) conclusions about long-term 8.　　　　(outcome) impossible.And all of the available evidence was 9.　　　　(relative) weak and variable, which the researchers said was unsurprising because ‎ of all the different variables. ‎ Dr.Crystal Smith-Spangler, the lead researcher, said “ Some believe organic food is always healthier and more nutritious.But as 10.　　　　 matter of fact there isn’t much difference between organic and conventional food,if you’re an adult and make decisions based simply on your health.” ‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.exposure　考查名词。根据斯坦福大学的研究者所说,吃有机食物不会让你更健康,尽管它能让你少接触杀虫剂。根据空前的“your”及空后的介词“to”可知,此处应填名词。exposure“遭受,接触”。‎ ‎2.associated　考查形容词。此处指他们研究了有机食物和非有机食物的所含之物和相关的健康效益。空处作定语修饰名词短语“health gains”,故应填形容词。associated“有关联的,相关的”。‎ ‎3.was　考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的“was”及此处陈述的是过去研究的结果可知,此处应用一般过去时;又因主语为“no difference”,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。‎ ‎4.to contain　考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.是固定结构,意为“有可能做某事”,故此处应填不定式to contain。‎ ‎5.with　考查介词。此处指研究者将吃有机食物的人和不吃有机食物的人作比较。compare...with...是固定搭配,意为“比较……,与……相比”。‎ ‎6.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词是“223 studies”,故填关系代词that/which。‎ ‎7.making　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子中已有谓语动词“ran”,故此处应填非谓语动词。又因动词“make”与其逻辑主语“none of the human studies”之间是主谓关系,故此处应用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎8.outcomes　考查名词复数。outcome“结果,后果”为可数名词且其前无限定语修饰,故此处应用其复数形式outcomes。‎ ‎9.relatively　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词短语“weak and variable”,故填relatively“相对地”。‎ ‎10.a　考查冠词。as a matter of fact“事实上”是固定搭配,故填不定冠词a。‎