【英语】2018届二轮复习谓语动词和非谓语动词在短文语法填空中考查指导学案（9页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习谓语动词和非谓语动词在短文语法填空中考查指导学案（9页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习谓语动词和非谓语动词在短文语法填空中考查指导 动词的形式—— Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)They are required to_process (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.‎ ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt are_removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt; by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ ‎4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.‎ ‎5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.‎ ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm resting (rest)．‎ ‎7．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah was_told (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.‎ ‎8．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to_prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.‎ ‎9．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But at the moment, school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank.goes→went ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！”Turning→Turn ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.interesting→interested ‎4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！came→comes;_pick前加to ‎5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.took→taken;_become→became ‎[锁定薄弱点]‎ ‎1．考生因不能判定是填谓语动词还是非谓语动词而失分。‎ ‎2．动词的时态和语态是考查谓语动词时的必考点，考生在答题时如果分析不到位或相关知识欠缺，则容易误填答案。‎ ‎3．非谓语动词因其蕴含形式多变、用法繁杂等特征，考生容易出现理解失误而造成失分。 ‎ ‎1．找句中“题眼”，确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 ‎(1)若句中找不到谓语，则所给动词应该作谓语 一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语。一般来讲，空格所在的句子中无其他动词，那么这个空就应填谓语动词。谓语动词需考虑时态、语态、主谓一致等。‎ ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ (be) often acceptable.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，故所给动词作谓语，谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，且根据语境可知时态为一般现在时。故填is。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2016·四川高考)The giant panda __61__ (love) by people throughout the world.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，句子中没有谓语，故空格处应作谓语。大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实，应用一般现在时；且panda与love之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is loved。‎ ‎(2)若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时，则所给动词一定用作非谓语动词。‎ 非谓语动词需确定是v.ing形式、v.ed形式还是不定式。‎ ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __43__ (create) special designs.‎ 分析：本句中已经有谓语动词combine，且空处不作并列谓语，故应填非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，故填to create。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include __67__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ 分析：句中已有谓语动词include，且无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。include为及物动词，其后加名词或动名词作宾语，再结合提示词introduce和空后的名词visitors可知，此处应用动名词作宾语。故填introducing。‎ ‎(3)排除干扰，切忌“只见树木不见森林”‎ ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __49__ (be) too violent for use at the table.‎ 分析：看到此题，考生可能会根据and认为应与前面的某个成分并列，是与believed并列、与would remind并列还是与killings并列？分析句子结构可知，believed后接宾语从句，宾语从句由and连接两个并列谓语。但此处描述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时，又因主语是knives，故填were。 ‎ ‎[典例2]　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)A study of travelers __68__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.‎ 分析：本题存在一题多义、一词多性的特征，考生易误填was conducted或were conducted。因为考生容易把names误作名词而认为空格处应填动词。实际上，分析句子结构可知，空格所在句已有谓语动词names，且不与names作并列谓语，故填非谓语动词。study和conduct之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。‎ 6 ‎[题组一]‎ 示例 ‎①He volunteered to help control traffic, ________ (donate) an hour of his time every week. ‎ ‎②He volunteered to help control traffic, and ______ (donate) an hour of his time every week.‎ 分析 两句的差别是连词and。分析句子结构可知，①中空格处为现在分词作伴随状语；②中空格处与volunteered并列作谓语。故①填donating；②填donated。‎ ‎[题组二]‎ 示例 ‎①________ (call) me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. ‎ ‎②________ (call) me tomorrow, I’ll let you know the lab result.‎ 分析 两句的差别是连词and。分析句子结构可知，①句为句式“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”；②句为分词短语作条件状语。故①‎ 填Call；②填Calling。‎ ‎[题组三]‎ 示例 ‎①The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. ‎ ‎②The guide ________ (lead) the way, so we had no trouble getting out of the forest.‎ 分析 两句的差别是连词so。分析句子结构可知，①句为独立主格结构作原因状语；②句so连接两个并列句，空格处所填词应与第二个并列分句的谓语动词一致。故①填leading；②填led。‎ ‎[题组四]‎ 示例 ‎①The party will be held in the garden, weather ________ (permit)．‎ ‎②The party will be held in the garden, if weather ________ (permit)．‎ 分析 两句的差别是连词if。分析句子结构可知，①句为独立主格结构作条件状语；②句为if引导的条件状语从句。故①填permitting；②填permits。‎ ‎[题组五]‎ 示例 ‎①Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, and all his attention ________ (fix) on it. ‎ ‎②Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, (with) all his attention ________ (fix) on it. ‎ ‎③Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, ______ (fix) all his attention on it.‎ 分析 三句的差别是逗号后面的部分。分析句子结构可知，①句为and连接两个并列句，通过时态、语态的分析，应用一般过去时的被动语态；②句为独立主格结构(with复合结构)；③句为现在分词短语作伴随状语。故①填was fixed；②填fixed；③填fixing。‎ ‎[题组六]‎ 示例 ‎①He went into the room, ________ (sit) at the table and began to read newspapers. ‎ ‎②They walked along the stream together, ________ (talk) and laughing.‎ 分析 两句看似结构一致，但仔细分析却是大相径庭。①句为and连接三个并列谓语；②句为and连接两个伴随状语。故①填sat；②填talking。‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)It is very difficult for parents to decide whether to_have (have) a second child or not.‎ ‎2．Most players are_traded (trade) to another team at least three times in their careers.‎ ‎3．(2017·合肥市质检)She says the shoes produced (produce) by machine are not of the same quality as handmade ones.‎ ‎4．(2017·临汾一中等五校联考)Then I went to bed and thought (think) about my dreams.‎ ‎5．Finally I refused to attend classes, shutting (shut) myself in my room for hours.‎ ‎6．(2017·沈阳市模拟)Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays, but you may wonder what it actually means (mean)．‎ ‎7．(2017·南昌市模拟)China will allow all couples to have two children, giving (give) up its decadeslong onechild policy.‎ ‎8．(2017·新余市模拟)Many people have_sought (seek) a variety of sources for their happiness.Some have put their heart and effort into their work.‎ ‎9．(2017·日照市校际联合检测)Visiting (visit) this section would keep you updated about the fashion.‎ ‎10．(2017·株洲市质检)Music is a sweet language to show love to those who love us and those who are_loved (love) by us.‎ ‎11．(2017·沈阳二中模拟)Usually, students have four classes every ‎ day, each class lasting (last) for 70 minutes.‎ ‎12．(2017·济南一中模拟)Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes are_protected (protect)．‎ ‎13．What people in employment want from a job varies (vary) greatly from person to person.‎ ‎14．(2017·湖南省十三校联考)Scientists have discovered that staying (stay) in the cold could help us lose weight.‎ ‎15．(2017·山师附中模拟)In nineteen sixty, Wilma Rudolph became the first American woman to_win (win) three gold medals in one Olympics.‎ ‎16．(2017·邯郸市模拟)Even today the books printed (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.‎ ‎17．(2017·邯郸市模拟)To_overcome (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048.‎ ‎18．(2017·湖北省部分重点中学联考)Smartphone addiction has_spread (spread) like an infectious disease during the past few years.‎ ‎19．(2017·石家庄市模拟)If the water is too hot, nutrients(营养) in the tea will_be_destroyed (destroy)．‎ ‎20．(2017·深圳市模拟)My teacher saw me panicstricken and smiled at me, gesturing (gesture) that I must go.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·天水市诊断考试)Stand in front of the school gate, I wondered what to do next.Stand→Standing ‎2．(2017·唐山一中调研考试)We can also enjoy music, watching sports and play computer games on the net.watching→watch ‎3．(2017·沈阳二中测试)Think that its owner might have engine trouble, my friend stopped and asked if anything was wrong.Think→Thinking ‎4．Taking according to the instructions, the medicine will work for your headache.Taking→Taken ‎5．(2017·成都外国语学校模拟)Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.Have→Having ‎6．(2017·合肥市质检)Taking good care of ourselves and don’t let our parents worry about us.Taking→Take ‎7．(2017·吉大附中模拟)As for me, read a good book is just like talking with a learned person.read→reading ‎8．(2017·邯郸市模拟)On the other hand, his spoken English is so excellent that he has no difficulty communicate with you in English.communicate→communicating ‎9．(2017·皖南八校联考)The busy father smiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin including Molly’s junk.sweeping→swept ‎10．(2017·延安市模拟)Nowadays with modern life go rapidly, many people suffer from different kinds of diseases, both mentally and ‎ physically.go→going