2021高考英语一轮复习Unit5Nelsonnhero课时作业 人教版必修1

2021高考英语一轮复习Unit5Nelsonnhero课时作业 人教版必修1

‎　Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[2020·成都第二次诊断]Author Walter Dean Myers died at the age of 76 after a brief illness. Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.‎ The prolific author was loved for his vivid description of the lives of African American children, and for writing books for young people that covered different subjects. “Myers has written about all those subjects with deep understanding and a hard－won, qualified sense of hope，” said Leonard S. Marcus in 2008.‎ He was born in 1937 and was adopted by Florence Dean and Herbert after his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister. They loved him very much and his mother read to him from a very young age. Reading pushed him to discover worlds beyond his landscape.‎ He began writing at an early age. He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him.“It's what you do，” she said.‎ He dropped out of high school at 17 and joined the army. After finishing his service, he entered a dark period in his life. Myers began writing at night to pull himself through that miserable time.‎ In an essay published in The New York Times earlier this year, Myers described how a short story by James Arthur Baldwin helped change the course of his life. “I didn't love the story, but I was lifted by it，” he wrote，“for it took place in Harlem, and it was a story concerned with black people like those I knew. By humanizing the people who were like me, Baldwin's story also humanized me. The story gave me a permission that I didn't know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”‎ ‎“I write books for the troubled boy I once was，”he wrote, “and for the boy who lives within me still.”‎ ‎1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A．How popular Myers was.‎ B．How Myers became successful.‎ C．What makes Myers' works popular.‎ D．What people think of Myers' works.‎ - 8 -‎ ‎2．Who discovered Myers' writing talent?‎ A．James Arthur Baldwin.‎ B．His mother.‎ C．Leonard S. Marcus.‎ D．One of his teachers.‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Productive. B．Unfortunate.‎ C．Conservative. D．Humorous.‎ ‎4．Why was the short story by James Arthur Baldwin so important for Myers?‎ A．It helped him survive the dark period.‎ B．It inspired him to pursue his writing career.‎ C．He learned many writing techniques from it.‎ D．The author of the story permitted him to write.‎ B ‎[2020·重庆第二次调研]Ask 9－year－old Annie what the worst thing was that ever happened in her house last year, and she won't tell you that it was her parents' divorcing, although they did. No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as turned out, despite her parents' anxiety about telling her，“not that big of a deal”．“I already knew they were not getting along well，”Annie says.“Every night after I went to bed, I would hear my parents fighting. It made me really unhappy. When they finally decided to get a divorce, all that stopped.”‎ Annie's experience is more common than you might think, and there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that “staying together for the sake of the children” is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good. According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children than separation and divorce, and if you think that your children don't know that there's trouble in family, then you're kidding yourself. The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and what's worse, parents will compound the problem by taking their unhappiness out on the children.‎ The Center for Moving Forward conducted a study in 2014 in which they followed 25 families whose parents had been in marriage counseling. After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually - 8 -‎ ‎ got divorced were not worse off than the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better. The study took the social and the children's general sense of well－being into consideration.‎ ‎5．Why was Annie really unhappy according to Paragraph 1?‎ A．Because her parents fought every night.‎ B．Because her parents finally got divorced.‎ C．Because her parents decided to abandon her.‎ D．Because her parents got along badly with her.‎ ‎6．Which statement may psychologist Lynn Martingdale agree with?‎ A．Separation and divorce will hurt the children most.‎ B．Keeping an unhappy marriage hurts children more.‎ C．Children can't understand their parents' marriage well.‎ D．Children can't feel the unhappiness from their parents.‎ ‎7．What's the function of the last paragraph in the passage?‎ A．To give an example of divorce.‎ B．To support Annie's correct answer.‎ C．To further clear the author's viewpoint.‎ D．To highlight the importance of the study.‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Divorce Is Good for Children B．Divorce Is Not the Worst Thing C．Fighting Is Often Stressful D．Staying Together Is for Children Only Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2020·兰州实战模拟]Every family goes through its ups and downs. Most often, the root cause of this situation is the lack of communication. __1__.‎ Lack of patience can be one of the biggest factors. If people are not patient with their parents or children or other members, the levels of closeness will be weakened. And it can be quite difficult for a bad－tempered child, or even a bad－tempered parent to deal with the problems.‎ Lack of time for family members is always a reason leading to the problems. __2__. In order to survive, everyone must focus all their attention on the work, so they do not have enough time to have a good talk with others.‎ Lack of discipline is the worst problem in terms of children. __3__. It is known ‎ - 8 -‎ that most parents want to control the children, even their children get older, which can lead to a constantly disharmonious atmosphere within the family. ‎ If the solutions to the problems are OK, all these problems can be easily solved. If lack of patience is one of the problems, obviously the solution is to develop the virtue of patience. You'd better hear out what the children have to say on a certain matter, or even consult them about their significant ideas. __4__.‎ It would be natural to see childish behavior of the younger members of a family but it is up to the elders to control the atmosphere and keep it calm.__5__.‎ The above are some of the most common problems that most families face. It is important to maintain the best relations with your family, because family is the strongest support system for you.‎ A．Everyone has a say in each family meeting B．By doing this, you can avoid a coming quarrel C．A badly behaved child can ruin the peace of a family D．The elders should talk things out instead of keeping silent E．Don't discuss the family problems when you're still feeling upset F．With the development of society, all people face fierce challenge and competition G．There are some common factors that lead to communication problems in the family Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2020·合肥市高三调研性检测]‎ A Relay Event Brings Diverse Cultures Together When Herman Kambugu received the good news he was expecting, he did something unusual. He ran for 32km in 1.________ (celebrate). Kambugu，who works for the Standard Chartered Bank(StanChart) in Uganda, was among the over 86,000 employees around the world who had attempted 2.________ (take) part in a relay across Belt and Road countries as a way to see how the Belt and Road Initiative(“一带一路”倡议) is developing. Kambugu and seven more of his co－workers in StanChart's offices around the world visited 44 destinations along the Belt and Road routes, 3.________ helped them understand the initiative better.‎ Kambugu 4.________ (witness) how the Belt and Road Initiative is changing life for 5.________ better in East Africa so far.“The Mombasa－Nairobi Railway has not only shortened transportation time, but also created over 20,000 jobs for local people in Kenya，” he said. Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said 6.________ she - 8 -‎ ‎ had seen during her journey impressed 7.________ (she). In some places, people greeted them in Mandarin. They spoke it 8.________ (fluently) than some people from Hong Kong, she said jokingly.‎ ‎“By running together, we run further，” added Therese Neo, a customer manager from the Singapore office. As she saw it, the countries 9.________ (participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative were like the 10.________ (runner). When they join forces, they have a better shared future.‎ 课时作业(五)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 体裁：记叙文　题材：人物传记　主题：著名作家Walter Dean Myers ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国著名作家Walter Dean Myers的生平。‎ ‎【难句分析】　He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him.‎ 分析：该句为复合句。句中“no matter what happened to him”为让步状语从句；advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”；keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。‎ 译文：他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。‎ ‎1．C　考查段落大意。通读该段可知，该段首句“The prolific author... covered different subjects”为该段主题句。结合该段其他内容可知，这位多产的作家因其对非裔美国儿童生活的生动描述，以及为年轻人写的涉及不同话题的书籍而深受喜爱。由此可知，该段主要介绍了他的作品受欢迎的原因，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．D　考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him”可知，他在高中时写作就很好，一位英语老师认识到这一点并建议他无论发生什么事都要坚持写下去。据此可知，他的写作天赋是他的一位英语老师发现的，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．A　考查词义猜测。根据第一段第二句“Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards”可知，Walter Dean - 8 -‎ ‎ Myers写了100多本儿童和年轻人读物，并获得了许多最高奖项。由此可推知，他是一位多产的作家。productive意为“多产的”，故A项正确。B项意为“不幸的”，C项意为“守旧的”，D项意为“幽默的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．B　考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“how a short story... the course of his life”以及最后一句“The story gave me a permission that I didn’t know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape，my own map”可知，Baldwin写的故事鼓励了Myers追求他自己的写作事业，故B项正确。‎ B 体裁：议论文　题材：家庭生活　主题：离婚对孩子的影响 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章以9岁的孩子Annie的父母由于争吵导致最终离婚的叙述引入主题，接着通过论据论证了“在不幸的婚姻中，离婚并不是最糟糕的事”这一主题。‎ ‎【难句分析1】　No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as turned out, despite her parents' anxiety about telling her, “not that big of a deal”．‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“what Annie remembers most”为what引导的主语从句；“which was, as turned out, and despite her parents' anxiety about telling her，‘not that big of a deal’”为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the divorce。‎ 译文：不，Annie记得最清楚的是导致(她的父母)宣告离婚的可怕的争吵，尽管她的父母害怕告诉她，但是正如事实证明的那样，离婚“没什么大不了的”。‎ ‎【难句分析2】　The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and what's worse, parents will compound the problem by taking their unhappiness out on the children.‎ 分析：该句为并列句。前一分句中“whose parents have an unhappy marriage”为whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词children，whose在从句中作定语。‎ 译文：父母婚姻不幸福的孩子的家庭生活往往很不理想，更糟的是，父母把他们的不幸福发泄在孩子身上，会使问题更加严重。‎ ‎5．A　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Every night after I went to bed, I would hear my parents fighting. It made me really unhappy”可知，Annie的父母每天晚上都吵架，这让她感到很不幸福，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．B　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children than separation and divorce”可知，心理学家Lynn Martingdale认为，听父母吵架对孩子来说往往比分居和离婚更有压力，据此可以判断，Lynn Martingdale认为维持不幸福的婚姻会更加伤害孩子，故B项正确。‎ - 8 -‎ ‎7．C　考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually got divorced were not worse off than the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better”可知，在对这些家庭进行了5年的跟踪调查后，他们发现，最终父母离婚的孩子并不比那些父母勉强在一起的孩子生活得更差，在某些情况下，他们的生活更好。据此可知，最后一段旨在通过研究进一步说明本文的论点：在不幸的婚姻中，离婚不是最糟糕的选择，故C项正确。‎ ‎8．B　考查主旨大意。根据第一段第二句和Annie所说的话可知，对孩子们来说，父母的争吵比离婚更糟糕；结合第二段中的“there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that ‘staying together for the sake of the children’ is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good”可以判断，本文的主旨是：在不幸的婚姻中，和离婚相比，父母为了孩子而在一起给孩子的伤害更大。最后一段的研究也论证了这一点。故B项最适合作为本文标题。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 体裁：议论文　题材：家庭关系　主题：家庭里的交流问题 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。家庭关系的不和谐主要是由于家庭成员之间缺乏交流造成的。本文介绍了几个导致交流问题的因素及一些解决方法。‎ ‎1．G　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处承上启下；由上文“Every family goes through its ups and downs. Most often, the root cause of this situation is the lack of communication”可知，每个家庭都会经历起起落落；大多数情况下，这种情况的根本原因是缺乏沟通。结合下文介绍的导致家庭成员之间缺乏交流的因素可知，G项正确。‎ ‎2．F　根据空后一句“In order to survive, everyone must focus all their attention on the work, so they do not have enough time to have a good talk with others”可知，为了生存，每个人都必须把所有的注意力集中在工作上，所以他们没有足够的时间和别人好好谈谈。据此可推知，F项“随着社会的发展，所有人都面临着激烈的挑战和竞争”符合语境。‎ ‎3．C　根据空前一句“Lack of discipline is the worst problem in terms of children”可知，缺乏纪律对孩子来说是最糟糕的问题。据此可推知，空处应是介绍缺乏纪律的孩子给家庭带来的不良后果，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．B　根据空前一句“You'd better hear out what the children have to say on a certain matter, or even consult them about their significant ideas”可知，该处建议听听孩子们对某件事的看法，甚至向他们请教一些想法。据此可推知，空处应是介绍该建议的效果：避免和孩子争执，故B项正确。‎ ‎5．D　根据空前一句“It would be natural to see childish behavior of the younger members of a family but it is up to the elders to control the atmosphere and keep it - 8 -‎ ‎ calm”可知，看到家庭中年轻成员幼稚的行为是很自然的，但是要靠长辈来控制局面；据此可知，遇到家庭成员中的晚辈有幼稚行为的发生，长辈们应该把事情说出来，而不是保持沉默，故D项正确。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 体裁：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——文化——奔越“一带一路”沿途国家的接力赛 ‎【语篇解读】　为领略“一带一路”倡议的发展，银行职员Herman Kambugu和他的同事参加了奔越“一带一路”沿途国家的接力赛。通过这项活动，他们深刻体会到“一带一路”倡议让参与国的人民的生活更美好。‎ ‎1．celebration　考查词形转换。介词后常接名词或动名词，根据空前的介词in可知，空处应填名词celebration。该句意为：他跑了32公里以示庆祝。‎ ‎2．to take　考查固定用法。attempt to do sth.为固定用法，意为“尝试做某事”。‎ ‎3．which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，先行词为空前的整个主句，故用which引导该定语从句。‎ ‎4．has witnessed　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“so far”可知，该句应用现在完成时；由该句主语Kambugu可知，主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎5．the　考查冠词。此处表示使生活变得更好，for the better“好转”为固定搭配，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎6．what　考查主语从句的引导词。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，作从句中had seen的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该主语从句，表示“她所看到的”。‎ ‎7．her　考查代词。空处作及物动词impressed的宾语，故用宾格代词her。‎ ‎8．more fluently　考查副词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知，空处用其比较级，修饰动词spoke，故可知答案。‎ ‎9．participating　考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，the countries和动词participate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作定语。‎ ‎10．runners　考查名词的单复数。runner为可数名词，又主语the countries 为复数，故此处表示多个奔跑者，应用复数形式。‎ - 8 -‎