【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之五（20页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之五（20页word版答案含有解析）

‎2019届二轮复习 阅读理解议论文类型10篇训练之五 ‎[一]‎ Is beauty something always positive？Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive(主管的) circle，beauty can become a disadvantage.‎ While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.‎ All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the manly qualities required.‎ This is true even in politics，“When the only clue is how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently，” says Anne Bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates(候选人)．She asked 125 college students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.‎ The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men，but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.‎ ‎14．In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness________.‎ A．makes women look more honest and capable B．strengthens the manly qualities required ‎ C．often enables women to succeed quickly D．is of no importance to women 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“An attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs...”可推知，在传统的女性工作中，漂亮可以使女性快速成功。故选C。‎ ‎15．Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics，attractiveness________.‎ A．turns out to be a disadvantage to men B．has as little effect on men as on women C．affects men and women alike D．is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.”可推知，Bowman的实验表明，当涉及到政治时，漂亮对女性而言是一种劣势而不是优势。‎ ‎16．According to the passage，people’s views on beauty are often________.‎ A．practical B．onesided C．old fashioned D．supportive 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。结合全文可知，漂亮对于某些人来说是优势，但也可能是劣势，由此可推知人们对漂亮的看法通常是片面的。故选B。‎ ‎17．The passage is mainly about________.‎ A．the advantages of being attractive B．the disadvantages of being attractive C．equal rights for women D．the importance of appearance 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讨论漂亮的女性在行政管理和政治领域的劣势。故选B。‎ ‎[二]‎ When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance，the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice，people seem to say，but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment，but certainly not an education priority(优先)．This view is shortsighted. In fact，music education is beneficial and important for all students.‎ Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it，it reflects their thinking and values and the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values.It gives us identity as a society.‎ Music provides a kind of perception(感知) that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason：No one way can get it all.‎ The arts are forms of thoughts as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears，our curiosities，our discoveries，our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music，we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.‎ Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering，celebration，the meaning and ‎ value of peace and love.‎ So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.‎ 语篇解读　音乐被家长和学生认为不重要，作者却认为音乐对我们来说有许多艺术和科学所不具有的益处，因此音乐应该得到人们更多的关注。‎ ‎11．According to Paragraph 1，students .‎ A．disagree with their parents on education B．regard music as a way of entertainment C．view music as an overlooked subject D．prefer the arts to science 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第一段第三句中的“Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment...”可知B项正确。‎ ‎12．In Paragraph 2，the author uses jazz as an example to .‎ A．compare it with rock music B．introduce American musical traditions C．show that music identifies a society D．prove that music influences people’s lifestyles 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。通过第二段最后两句“Music expresses our character and values.It gives us identity as a society.”知选C。‎ ‎13．According to the passage，the arts and science .‎ A．approach the world from different angles ‎ B．explore different phenomena of the world C．express people’s feelings in different ways D．explain what it means to be human differently 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。通读文章，尤其是第三、四、五段，我们知道艺术和科学从不同的角度来审视社会，而不是用不同的方式来表达人们的情感。故选A。‎ ‎14．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Music is an effective communication tool.‎ B．Music should be of top education priority.‎ C．Music makes students more imaginative.‎ D．Music education deserves more attention.‎ 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。第一段话引出话题，表明人们对音乐的不重视，然后作者从不同方面来说明音乐的益处，最后表明自己的观点：音乐应该得到人们更多的关注。故选D。‎ ‎[三]‎ According to a survey，only 4% of the people in the world are lefthanded. Why？One theory centers on the two halves of the brain. For example，the left half and the right half，each of which functions differently. Medical science believes that the left half of the brain dominates over the right half. The foundation of this theory is the fact that nerves from the brain cross over at necklevel to the opposite side of the body，and nerves from the other side of the brain reciprocate(互换)．The end result is that the opposite sides of the body are controlled by the opposite sides of the brain.‎ The dominant left half of the brain，which kindly supplies the right half of the body，theoretically makes it more skillful in reading，writing，speaking，and working，and makes most people righthanded. Lefties，however，whose right half of the brain dominates，work best with the left side of their bodies.‎ Theory number two focuses on the asymmetrical nature of the body. Examples of the asymmetry，which flows from head to toe，are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left，that our legs differ in strength，or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.‎ There is no doubt that all exist in a “righthanded society”，which produces most basics，including scissors，doorknobs，locks，screwdrivers，automobiles，buttons on clothing，and musical instruments for the 96%.Lefthanded people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite(精英) society，which includes many of the ‎ greatest geniuses，including Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.‎ ‎15．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Lefthanded people are better at speaking.‎ B．Lefthanded people are believed to have stronger left halves of the brains.‎ C．Righthanded people are cleverer than lefthanded people.‎ D．Righthanded people work best with the right side of their bodies.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The dominant left half of the brain，which kindly supplies the right half of the body，theoretiaclly makes it more skillful in reading，writing，speaking，and working，and makes most people righthanded.”可知用右手的人右半边身体工作的最好。故选D。‎ ‎16．Which of the words or phrases is closest in meaning to the word “asymmetrical”？‎ A．valuable B．not typical C．not balanced D．negative 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“...the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left，that our legs differ in strength，or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left.”可知划线的意思是：不对称。故选C。‎ ‎17．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．Lefthanded people may feel inconvenient in this righthanded society.‎ B．This is an equal society for the lefthanded people.‎ C．Most great geniuses are lefthanded.‎ D．Lefthanded people are considered to be disabled.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is no doubt that all exist in a‘righthanded society’．..Lefthanded people make up for the unfairness by being ‎ members of an elite(精英) society...”可知使用左手的人在使用右手的社会里会感觉不方便。故选A。‎ ‎[四]‎ English songs have been very popular for people around the world for many decades. Singers，from Elvis Presley to Ricky Martin，from the Beatles to Eminen and from Natalie Cole to Britney Spears，have all been sitting in everyone’s heart，even for people who don’t speak English. But will you have better English skills if you listen to English songs for a long time?‎ From my experiences，some people listen to English songs for 20－30 years but still haven’t accomplished any good English skills. Some people choose English songs to be the “main learning approach”， but most of them have failed.‎ Listening to English songs does not help you to speak English fluently.It does help you gain some vocabularies. Most of them are unusual ones that you don’t use in your everyday life.You won’t learn the sentence “It is a complicate project. We really need to meet the deadline.” in any English songs.‎ People like using English songs to practice English skills because it’s easy and enjoyable. They think that sitting in the car listening to English songs day by day can improve their English skills. It is not that actually.‎ You will not improve your listening skills because normal people don’t speak with melody(乐调)．People don’t talk like Eminen’s songs (well，actually，some teenagers do)．You can’t get yourself familiar with English pronunciation or accent just from listening to English songs.The words that they pronounce in the songs are not the words that you will hear in your everyday life. It often even confuses you more how English is pronounced.‎ I would fully encourage you to watch English movies，listen to radio news or other normal talks，but not music. Of course，you can consume it for fun but not the aim to improve your English skills.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”这一做法是不可行的。文中阐述了具体原因，并给出了建议——看电影或听新闻广播会帮助提高英语技能。‎ ‎15．What’s the text mainly about?‎ A．How English songs help people practice English skills.‎ B．Who has made English songs popular all over the world.‎ C．Why people won’t improve their English by listening to English songs.‎ D．Where people can find good English songs to practise their English skills.‎ 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。通过对全文的理解可知，作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”的做法是不可行的，文中具体论述了这个做法不可行的原因。故选C。‎ ‎16．English songs are helpful for English learners if they want to .‎ A．speak English fluently B．enlarge their vocabularies C．improve their listening skills D．learn to express themselves in daily life 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，听英语歌曲不会帮助你流利地说英语，但是它确实可以帮助你增加词汇量。故选B。‎ ‎17．We can learn from the text that .‎ A．worldfamous singers have done a lot to help people learn English B．watching English movies or listening to radio news can be a great help C．English songs get people familiar with English pronunciation or accent D．most people who enjoy English songs in their car speak English very well 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者十分鼓励人们通过看英语电影、听广播新闻或其他正常的对话来练习英语口语而不是听音乐。故选B。‎ ‎[五]‎ A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes，who disliked humor，“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better ‎ than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrowmindedness.‎ However，Mordechai Gordon，Ph.D of Education，insists，“Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important.‎ In the United States，every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings，how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming？Television shows like “The Daily Show” have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by metaphorically(隐喻地) airplaneing politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.‎ Of course，politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy selfimage. On the topic of selfimage，Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”， describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture.‎ A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things，mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.‎ Of course，humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity(庸俗) and racism，but，like everything else，it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves，our failures and our connection with one another.‎ Though life may seem tough and depressing at times，all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles(皱纹) to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of.‎ With that in mind，remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.‎ 语篇解读　一种文化的价值能通过其幽默感表现出来。本文作者介绍了自己对幽默的看法，并决定用幽默的态度来面对生活。‎ ‎11．Hobbes believed that humor .‎ A．was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better B．resulted in narrowmindedness of human beings C．had the power to mirror personal glory and national values D．was for people to view the world from another angle 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，Thomas Hobbes不喜欢幽默，并从他的话“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others.”可知，应选A。‎ ‎12．What is the author’s attitude towards political humor?‎ A．Worried. B．Disappointed.‎ C．Curious. D．Appreciative.‎ 答案　D 解析　作者态度题。根据文章第三段第二句及最后一句“They make politics fun.”可知，作者对于政治幽默持赞赏的态度。appreciative欣赏的，赏识的。‎ ‎13．The fourth paragraph is developed mainly .‎ A．by example B．by process C．by comparison D．by classification 答案　A 解析　写作手法题。根据文章第四段的内容可知，作者是通过举例子来支撑自己的观点的，因此选A。‎ ‎14．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?‎ A．Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at.‎ B．The author feels helpless and sad about getting older.‎ C．Never be the one who laughs at other people.‎ D．The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章的最后两段可知，尽管生活有时候会很艰难，但仍然有连卓别林都没有意识到的幽默，要记得用幽默的态度来面对生活，应选择D。‎ ‎[六]‎ Many of us may be eating food containing GM(转基因的) ingredients without realizing it.Are GM foods safe for people? Can they help solve the poverty problem? They have been the subjects of a hot debate.‎ This debate is related to increasing challenges from rising climatic change，population growth，urbanization，and natural resource consumption. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization，food production needs to increase by 60 percent by 2050 in order to feed 9 billion people. Scientists and policymakers are searching for effective ways to gain nutritious food，for today and future. Unlike previous agricultural methods(such as the Green Revolution)，GM crops are to fight food safety and poverty challenges.‎ The great expansion of GM crop varieties over the last two decades can be seen easily. The total area devoted to GM crops has increased 100 times from 1.7 million hectares in 1996 to 170 million hectares in 2012.Developing countries now grow more GM crops than developed countries (in terms of area)，largely driven by Brazil’s rapid adoption of GM crops. China is home to about 4 percent of the total global area devoted to GM crops. Beans，corn，and cotton are main global GM crops，while China’s focus is on cotton，papaya，and poplar.‎ Recently，a scientific study shows that GM crops are safe for people and the environment. According to a 2010 report on the safety of GM crops by the EU，the main conclusion to be drawn from the efforts of more than 130 research projects，covering a period of more than 25 years of research，and involving more than 500 research groups，is that biology methods are not more risky than traditional planting technologies，for example. Other international and national scientific bodies，such as the World Health Organization，have reached the same conclusion.‎ 语篇解读　本文属于议论文。为了解决世界粮食问题，科学家研制出了转基因食品，很多人担心这种食品的安全性。但事实证明，转基因食品是安全的。‎ ‎11．As for GM crops，what do people mainly focus on?‎ A．Food production. B．Food nutrition.‎ C．Food safety. D．Food variety.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Are GM foods safe for people？”及第二段最后一句“...GM crops are to fight food safety...”可知，对于转基因食品人们关注最多的是安全问题，故选C。‎ ‎12．What does Paragraph 3 talk about?‎ A．More GM crops in developing countries.‎ B．Less GM crops in developed countries.‎ C．Rapid adoption of GM crops in Brazil.‎ D．The expansion of GM crop varieties of the world.‎ 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段首句“The great expansion of GM crop varieties over the last two decades can be seen easily.”可知，第三段主要讲的是转基因食品种类的增多，故选D。‎ ‎13．From a recent scientific study，we can infer that .‎ A．traditional planting technologies are more risky B．the safety of GM crops has been proved in many ways C．the safety of GM crops was reported by the EU in 2010‎ D．present GM crops are safe for people and the environment 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“Recently，a scientific study shows that GM crops are safe for people and the environment.”可知，这个调查研究主要是想告诉人们转基因食品对人类和环境都是安全的，故选D。‎ ‎14．What’s the writer’s attitude towards GM crops?‎ A．Supportive. B．Opposed.‎ C．Unknown. D．Indifferent.‎ 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“Recently，a scientific study shows that GM crops are safe for people and the environment. According to a 2010 report on the safety of GM crops by the EU...”可知，作者举这个调查的例子就是想证明转基因食品的安全性，同时表达自己支持转基因食品的态度，故选A。‎ ‎[七]‎ When people introduce themselves，I always hear them say “I’m just a housewife”．I don’t understand why their introduction is always filled with regret and selfpity. Is it really a crime to be a housewife? Is it really embarrassing when you choose not to work outside and instead choose to work in your home?‎ How could you be “just a housewife” when the basic social unit of society depends on you and your service？A housewife works for the longest hour，supporting your husband，child’s studies，caring for elders，managing finances，paying bills，grocery shopping，cooking according to individual taste，cleaning，etc. A housewife could be anyone: daughter，wife，mother，teacher，financial advisor，fashion designer and nurse，gardener，driver，cook，and so on. Don’t think you are not being paid for it. You get the reward that no money can offer—the love and affection of your family，their trust in you，a happy home and your own satisfaction.‎ It is you who choose to be in this occupation，willingly or for any other reason. After a busy day，all wait to return to the comfortable home set by you. They know you will be there to absorb all their stress and tiredness and relax them. Would the life have been the same had you been working outside to earn some money? Would you along with your family have been able to buy all the content in life that you are enjoying now with that money?‎ Respect yourself for what you are. Introduce yourself to the world with the same dignity. The world understands the importance of your job; it’s time to make them accept it. Introduce yourself with pride and with twinkle in your eyes “I am a housewife”．Kick that “just” out.‎ ‎11．How do people feel when they say “I’m just a housewife”？‎ A．Satisfied. B．Proud.‎ C．Regretful. D．Anxious.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“I don’t understand why their introduction is always filled with regret and selfpity.”可知，家庭主妇在自我介绍时会对自己的身份感到惋惜或者遗憾。‎ ‎12．Listing the housewife’s duties，the author implies that a housewife .‎ A．usually leads a terrible life B．plays a more important role C．does not always get her reward D．makes a great contribution to the family 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的整体内容可知，家庭主妇身兼多职，其在家庭中的作用和地位不可小觑，为整个家庭做出了巨大的贡献。‎ ‎13．If a housewife worked outside，she would .‎ A．have the same life like before B．set a comfortable home for her family C．absorb her family’s stress D．lose the content that she is enjoying 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Would you along with your family have been able to buy all the content in life that you are enjoying now with that money？”可推知，职业妇女是不可能享有家庭主妇所享有的那种满足感的，那是钱买不来的。‎ ‎14．What is the author’s attitude towards housewives?‎ A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Opposed. D．Tolerant.‎ 答案　A 解析　作者态度题。作者在文中主要论述了家庭主妇的伟大之处，再根据文章最后一段的“Introduce yourself with pride and with twinkle in your eyes ‘I am a housewife’．Kick that ‘just’ out.”也可推知，作者是支持家庭主妇的。‎ ‎[八]‎ Most cellphone companies design models especially for kids，but parents are usually the ones buying the phones and pay the bills.According to a recent study,56% of the parents of children aged 8 to 12 have given their children a cellphone.According to a recent YouthBeat survey,12 is the magic number.It is the ‎ most common age for kids to get their first cellphone.But 13% of children aged 6 to 10 already have one.That’s more than one out of every 10 kids.‎ Procellphone people，including many parents，note that cellphones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families.They believe that cellphones are an important tool in an emergency.Kids can stay connected with their parents at all times，whether it’s to ask for a ride home from soccer practice or to receive a goodluck text message moments before a big game.Plus，Some cellphones designed for kids can be controlled with settings that allow the phone to only be used in parentapproved ways.What’s the harm in that?‎ But other people are worried about the health and safety effects of kids’ cellphones.They believe that kids with cellphones could be missing out on other activities，such as playing outside with friends or hanging out with friends，and that sending text messages while doing homework makes it difficult for kids to concentrate.They say that kids are spending too much time texting instead of talking to each other.“Our brains evolved to communicate face to face，” says Gary Small，a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine，in California.“A lot of this is lost with texting.” And some experts are also concerned about possible health risks.They worry that radiation(辐射) released by cellphone could be harmful to young people.To be safe，many pediatricians(儿科医生) advise limiting talk time.‎ 语篇解读　本文属于议论文，主要讲述了现在很多孩子都有自己的手机，并分析了孩子使用手机的优缺点。‎ ‎15．The recent YouthBeat survey suggests that .‎ A．most kids are eager to have their own cellphones B．the number twelve can bring us good luck C．more than half of the parents can afford to buy cellphones D．many kids have their first cellphone at the age of 12‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...12 is the magic number.It is the most common age for kids to get their first cellphone.”可知，很多孩子在12‎ 岁的时候就有第一部手机了。故选D。‎ ‎16．Procellphone people probably refer to those who think that kids ‎ A．had better make more friends B．may lose touch with others C．mustn’t own cellphones D．should have cellphones 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Procellphone people，including many parents，note that cellphones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families.”可知，Procellphone people是支持学生用手机的人。故选D。‎ ‎17．According to Gary Small，cellphones .‎ A．bring much pleasure to most of the kids B．reduce kids’ communication face to face C．waste us a lot of money D．are of great benefit to many kids 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Our brains evolved to communicate face to face”及“A lot of this is lost with texting.”可知，Gary Small认为手机减少孩子面对面交流的机会。故选B。‎ ‎18．The author’s attitude toward the fact that kids have cellphones is ‎ A．supportive B．negative C．objective D．optimistic 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。文章第一段说明很多学生使用手机的现象；第二段是支持学生使用手机的人的观点；第三段是反对学生使用手机的的人观点。由此可知，作者只是客观地说明了学生使用手机这一现象。故选C。‎ ‎[九]‎ It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams，the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life，but manners on the road are becoming horrible.Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel.It is all right to have a tiger ‎ in a cage，but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter.‎ Road politeness is not only good manners，but good sense.It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving.On the other hand，a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting.A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions.But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough.Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.‎ However，misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time.The same goes for encouraged old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.‎ Unfortunately，modern drivers can’t even learn to drive，let alone master the roadman ship.Years ago，experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more giveandtake from all road users.It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述的是道路行车礼仪的话题，道路行车的礼仪正变得越来越糟糕，并介绍了一些不恰当的做法，最后提出文明行车势在必行。‎ ‎14．The passage mainly talks about .‎ A．modern drivers B．traffic jams C．good manners D．road politeness 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段首句“Road politeness is not only good manners，but good sense.”可知，本文主要讲的是道路礼仪问题，作者认为道路礼仪不仅是有礼貌的问题，还是良好的意识，故D项正确。‎ ‎15．Troubles on the road are often caused by .‎ A．the behaviors of the drivers B．traffic jams C．terrible road conditions D．great speed 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter.”及第二段对司机种种不良行为的描述可知，作者认为道路麻烦是由于司机的不良行为造成的，故A项正确。‎ ‎16．According to the writer，a good driver should .‎ A．beat back when forced to face rude driving B．join in traffic stream quickly however other people feel C．be able to recognize politeness when he sees it D．encourage old ladies to cross the roads whenever they want to 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.”可知，作者认为司机应该具备识别道路礼貌的能力，故C项正确。‎ ‎17．It is not always right for drivers to .‎ A．master roadman ship B．encourage old ladies to cross the road C．create atmosphere of good will D．give a friendly nod to show politeness.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“However，misplaced politeness can also be dangerous.”及最后一句“The same goes for encouraged old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.”可知，错位的道路礼貌也是很危险的，司机不应该给随意横穿马路的老人让路，故B项正确。‎ ‎[十]‎ Imagine possessing something that you loved so much.Imagine what it would feel like if you lost it.While that item may be something as simple as a doll，you would still feel very upset，but you could replace it with a new one.Now imagine losing something that you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced.That is what it would be like if we lost the natural environment around us.‎ Firstly，I believe the environment should be preserved because it supports human life.One of the largest examples is that we get all of our food and drinks in the environment.If the environment were to be destroyed beyond revival，then the human race would be over in months.Scientists have yet to find another planet with similar conditions to the Earth，and if it’s found，we don’t have the technology to get to that planet on time.‎ Secondly，I believe that the environment serves as an amazing educational tool for students.When I was in second grade，I had an absolute interest in animals.When we had a field trip to the Daggerwing Nature Center，I was very excited.When we got there，I could hardly believe what I was seeing.There was a bridge to get to the main building，and under the bridge was a small swamp (沼泽) with turtles，fish，and my personal favorite，alligators.I was so surprised that I almost ran into the tour guide.We walked into the building and saw various animals in their habitats.I was so inspired by this visit.Six years later，I have taken an animal behavior class for three weeks.Meeting by chance with the environment can inspire people，and if preserved it will continue to inspire people.‎ In conclusion，the environment is so valuable because it can’t be replaced，keeps us alive，and serves as a great educational tool.‎ ‎15．The first paragraph leads to the theme of the text by .‎ A．analyzing causes ‎ B．showing differences C．making comparisons ‎ D．describing a process 答案　C 解析　写作手法题。从第一段的“While that item may be something as simple as a doll...you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced.”可知，该段是通过作比较的方法来引出文章主题的，故选C项。‎ ‎16．What does the underlined word “revival” in the second paragraph mean?‎ A．Health. B．Activity.‎ C．Recovery. D．Revision.‎ 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。由画线词前的“...we get all of our food and drinks in the environment.If the environment were to be destroyed”，以及画线词后的“then the human race would be over in months”可推知，beyond revival的意思应为“无法修复”，故画线词的意思为“复兴，复苏，恢复，复原”。因此选C项。‎ ‎17．Why did the author take a class on animal behavior?‎ A．Because he thought it a promising subject.‎ B．Because he wanted to be an animal expert.‎ C．Because his teacher encouraged him to do so.‎ D．Because he was inspired by the animals he once saw.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二、三句“I was so inspired by this visit.Six years later，I have taken an animal behavior class for three weeks...”可知，那次与动物的相遇激励了作者学习那门课程，故选D项。‎