2018版高考英语（外研版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 8-Module 1～Module 3

2018版高考英语（外研版）大一轮复习教师文档讲义：Book 8-Module 1～Module 3

话题词汇 ‎1．healthy adj.健康的 ‎2．advantage n．优势 ‎3．excellent adj.优秀的 ‎4．fluently adv.流利地 ‎5．outgoing adj.外向的 ‎6．in response to回答 ‎7．as follows如下 ‎8．be fit for胜任 ‎9．communicate with交流 ‎10．have difficulty (in) doing...做……有困难 话题佳作 假如你是李华，最近你从报纸上看到一家涉外酒店招聘暑期兼职工的广告，请你根据下列要点提示写一封应聘信。‎ ‎1．李华，女，18岁，身体健康；‎ ‎2．擅长英语，口语流利；‎ ‎3．性格外向，交际能力强。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear Sir or Madam，‎ I am writing in response to your advertisement in the newspaper.My name is Li Hua and I am 18 years old.I think I will be fit for the job as a waitress in your hotel this summer vacation.My advantages are as follows：‎ Firstly，I am healthy and strong.I can work for long hours in summer.Secondly，my English is excellent.I can speak English fluently and have no difficulty communicating with foreigners.Finally，I am outgoing and good at communicating with others.As a result，I am popular among my classmates and teachers.‎ I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance to work in your hotel.‎ I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 名师点睛 本文是一封应聘信。文中使用了一些较高级词汇，如：advantage，in response to，be fit for，as follows，have no difficulty (in) doing sth.等；开头以I am writing in response to...表明自己的目的，一目了然；还运用了宾语从句及条件状语从句；同时运用了连接词，使文章连接自然，如：firstly，secondly，finally等。这些都为文章增加了不少亮色，提高了文章的档次。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．explorer n．探险者 explore v．探险；探索 exploration n．勘查；探索 ‎2．state n．状态；状况 ‎3．trap v．储存，留存；使陷入困境；n.圈套，陷阱 ‎4．mass n．块，堆，团 ‎5．balance v．使平衡；n.平衡 ‎6．promote v．促进，增进 promotion n．促进，提升；促销 ‎7．absence n．缺乏；没有 ‎8．platform n．平台；讲台；戏台；站台 ‎9．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头 encourage vt.鼓励 courage n．勇气；信心 ‎10．dull adj.枯燥的；沉闷的 ‎11．effect n．效果；作用 effective adj.有效的；起作用的 effectively adv.有效地；实际上地 ‎12．skilled adj.有技巧的，熟练的 ‎13．appeal v．恳求；呼吁 ‎14．seek v．寻找；寻求 ‎15．chief adj.最重要的；首要的 ‎16．merely adv.仅仅；只不过 ‎17．blame n．(对错事或坏事应付的)责任；v.责备 ‎18．gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的 ‎19．inspire v．鼓舞，激励 ‎20．owe v．应给予；应该把……归功于 ‎21．poison n．毒药 poisonous adj.有毒的 ‎22．taste n．味道；品味；v.品尝 ‎23．manner n．方式；方法 ‎24．entertain v．招待，款待；请客 entertainment n．娱乐，消遣 ‎25．menu n．菜单 ‎26．remark v．&n.谈论，评论；说起 ‎27．casually adv.随意地 ‎28．ripe adj.(水果或庄稼)成熟的 ‎29．altogether adv.总的说来；总而言之 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎30．annual adj.每年的 ‎31．depth n．深度 ‎32．pure adj.干净的；不含有害物质的 ‎33．abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的 ‎34．work n．作品 ‎35．motivate v．激发，激励 ‎36．flee v．逃跑，跑掉 ‎37．suspect n．(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子；v.怀疑 ‎38．circulate v．流传；传播 ‎39．fundamental adj.根本的；基本的 ‎40．substitute n．代替物；代替品 ‎41．debt n．债务；人情债 ‎42．passion n．激情，热爱 ‎43．official n．官员，高级职员 ‎44．profession n．职业 ‎45．fixed adj.固定的 ‎46．consume v．(正式)吃；喝；消耗 ‎47．consequence n．后果 ‎48．trend n．趋势，趋向 ‎49．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的 ‎50．transform v．转化，转变 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility，college needs to be a time of exploration(explore) and experimentation.(2016·北京)‎ ‎2．Brian is gifted(gift) in writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.(2015·四川)‎ ‎3．These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth(deep) of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach.(2015·北京)‎ ‎4．Dad was quite skilled(skill) in sailing，but not good at swimming.‎ ‎5．Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion(promote)，and ended up as a manager.‎ ‎6．Some of those foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous(poison) to humans.‎ ‎7．All of them try to use the power of the workstation to present information in a more effective(effect) way.‎ ‎8．Tired and discouraged(discourage)，he finally gave up.‎ ‎1．adapt to适应 ‎2．stand out突出，显眼 ‎3．set foot on进入，到达 ‎4．keep one’s promise信守诺言 ‎5．in case of如果；假使 ‎6．depend on/upon依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)‎ ‎7．leave for出发去某地 ‎8．leave sth.behind把……抛在后面 ‎9．appeal to吸引；呼吁 ‎10．on behalf of代表……‎ ‎11．up to 到(某个数量)‎ ‎12．lead to导致，通向，通往 ‎13．take up从事，开始做(某项工作)‎ ‎14．no wonder难怪 ‎15．end up结束 ‎16．make out看出，理解 ‎17．have...in common 与……有共同点 ‎18．in short总之；简言之 ‎19．set fire to放火烧……‎ ‎20．transform...into...把……转变为……‎ 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ Li Hua will go to America to 1.take up(从事) teaching.He is an excellent teacher.2.No wonder(难怪) he 3.stands out(突出) among many candidates.His lessons are lively and interesting and 4.appeal to(吸引) many students.It is easy for students to 5.make out(理解) his words.Li Hua believes he can 6.adapt to(适应) American life quickly.He tells us that we should 7.depend on/upon(依靠) ourselves to create a better life and that we should 8.keep our promise(信守诺言).9.In short(总之)，Li Hua sets us a good example.‎ ‎1．Not until...‎ Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.‎ 直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。‎ 仿写　直到他经历这些真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是重要的。‎ Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.‎ ‎2．the＋序数词＋(n.) to do...‎ Then in 1895，a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.‎ 后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。‎ 仿写　我们的惯例是谁最后一个到达饭店谁请客。‎ We have made it a rule that the last person to get to the restaurant should pay for the meal.‎ ‎3．情态动词＋have done I had eaten Chinese food often，but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.‎ 我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。‎ 仿写　我刚才看见他了，他不可能去北京了。‎ I saw him just now.He couldn’t have gone to Beijing.‎ ‎4．do表示强调 But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat，even if it is just a potato.‎ 但是让我非常佩服的是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。‎ 仿写　政府的确采取了一些措施来降低房价。‎ The government does take some measures to reduce the housing price.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ state vt.陈述；说明；‎ n．(常用单数)状态；情况；情形；国家；领土；州 ‎(1)The government needs to clearly state its policy on UN intervention.‎ 政府需要就联合国干预这一问题清楚地阐明其政策。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)For the first few months after Daniel died，I was in a state of clinical depression.‎ 丹尼尔去世后的最初几个月里，我一直处于临床抑郁症的状态。‎ ‎(1)in a．..state/in a state of...处于……状态 It is stated that...据称……‎ as stated above如上所述 ‎(2)make a statement陈述；发表声明 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It was stated(state) that they would continue to work there until the flood went away.‎ ‎(2)As a Senior three student，you should have a good state of mind.‎ ‎(3)Our teacher is in a state of poor health.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)The student stated that he had not seen the stranger before.(用statement改写)‎ The student made a statement that he had not seen the stranger before.‎ ‎(5)It is stated that Li Hua is an honest student.(用as引导的非限制性定语从句改写)‎ As is stated，Li Hua is an honest student.‎ ‎ discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心；阻止；打消……的念头 ‎(1)Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.‎ 不要让任何的失败阻碍你，因为你永远不知道成功离你有多近。‎ ‎(2)It’s discouraging that so many students have failed.‎ 那么多学生考试不及格，真令人泄气。‎ ‎(1)discourage doing sth.阻止做某事 discourage sb.from doing sth.劝阻/阻止/不鼓励某人做某事 ‎(2)discouraged adj.泄气的，沮丧的，灰心丧气的 ‎(3)discouraging adj.令人泄气的，令人沮丧的 ‎(4)discouragement n．劝阻；泄气；使人泄气的事；挫折，气馁 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)If you meet with any difficulty in your study，don’t be discouraged(discourage)．‎ ‎(2)The examination result is discouraging(discourage)．‎ ‎(3)Let’s start a campaign to discourage smoking(smoke) among the teenagers!‎ ‎(4)The loud music was a discouragement(discourage) to conversation.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(5)He was discouraged going there alone.‎ ‎(6)Unfortunately，what is coming out of the US is desperately .‎ ‎ blame v．把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．过失；责任；责备，指责 ‎(1)If you fail the exam, you’ll only have yourself to blame.‎ 你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)Everybody knows that he is to blame for this.‎ 人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。‎ blame sb.for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人,blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) accept/bear/take the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上 　blame，charge，accuse ‎(1)blame责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于。常用于blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人；blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人。‎ ‎(2)charge控告；谴责。常用于charge sb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。‎ ‎(3)accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。‎ 基础知识训练——[用blame，charge，accuse的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)She was said to have been charged with drunk driving.‎ ‎(2)I was told that he was accused of murder.‎ ‎(3)It is obvious that you are to blame for the accident.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)他把考试失败归咎于老师。‎ ‎①He blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher.(blame...on)‎ ‎②He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam.(blame...for)‎ ‎③He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on the teacher.(blame n．)‎ ‎ owe v．欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于 ‎(1)I owe my brother 50.‎ 我欠我弟弟50美元。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)He owes his success to his teachers and parents.‎ 他把成功归功于老师和父母。‎ ‎(1)owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把……归功于……‎ owe it to sb.to do sth.某人应该做某事；归因于某人做某事 ‎(2)owing to由于 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Owing to bad weather，this morning’s flight will be delayed.‎ ‎(2)He owed 300 to me.‎ ‎(3)I owe everything to him.‎ ‎(4)You owe it to your supporters not to give up now.‎ ‎ make out看出，听出，辨认出；理解；填写；声称 ‎(1)I can scarcely make out his writing.‎ 我几乎辨认不出他的笔迹。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Beijing will restore bike lanes that had been cut to make room for cars and buses.‎ 报道称，北京将恢复原本让位于汽车和公交车的自行车道。‎ ‎(3)We should make the best of everything，including the best use of human potentials.‎ 我们应该充分利用一切事物，包括充分利用人类潜能。‎ make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 make no difference无影响；无作用 make room for让出地方给……‎ make the best of充分利用；尽力而为；妥善处理 make oneself at home随便；无拘束 make one’s way (to/towards sth.)前进，成功 ‎[写出下列句子中make out的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)I could just make out a figure in the darkness.(勉强地)看出 ‎(2)Someone was shouting outside but I wouldn’t make out who he was.听出 ‎(3)I can’t make out the meaning of the passage.理解 ‎(4)She always makes out she’s the only one who does any work.声称 ‎(5)There’s someone outside the window，but I can’t make out who it is.辨认出 ‎ promote v．促进；提升；宣传；促销 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The new job is a promotion(promote) for him.‎ ‎(2)She worked hard and was promoted(promote) from a saleswoman to a manager.‎ ‎(3)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.‎ 写作能力提升——[高考小作文]‎ ‎(4)最后，为了促进我们两国学生间的理解和友谊，我希望你能做些事情。例如：帮助我们练习口语，介绍有关美国文化的事情。‎ Last of all，to promote the understanding and friendship between the students of the two countries，I hope you can do something，such as helping us practice our spoken English，and introducing something about American culture.‎ ‎ seek vt.& vi.试图，设法；征询，寻求；探索，探寻 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)They are urgently seeking for/after the post where they are well paid.‎ ‎(2)The couple have sought help from their marriage gobetweens.‎ ‎(3)Corbett resolved to seek out the truth.‎ ‎(4)Having sought(seek) for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.‎ ‎(5)Local schools are seeking to reduce(reduce) the dropout rate.‎ ‎ inspire v．激励，鼓舞；唤起；启示 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)She had a sudden inspiration(inspire)．‎ ‎(2)She was one of the most inspiring(inspire) people I’ve ever met.‎ ‎(3)I was inspired(inspire) to work harder than ever before.‎ ‎(4)Her trust in me has inspired me to do(do) things that I never imagined possible.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)I was inspired by my teacher’s words and decided to learn English well.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ ‎ Inspired by my teacher’s words，I decided to learn English well.‎ ‎ taste n．味道；滋味；鉴赏力；品味；喜好；爱好 v．吃；喝；体验 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)These oranges taste tasty(taste)．‎ ‎(2)The soup tasting(taste) delicious was prepared by Tom.‎ ‎(3)Modern art is not to everyone’s taste.‎ ‎(4)I’ve always had a taste for jazz and blues music.‎ ‎(1)to sb’s taste合某人口味；称某人的心 have a taste for爱好……‎ ‎(2)tasty adj.美味的；可口的 ‎(3)tasteless adj.无味的；乏味的；不雅观的；不得体的 ‎ manner n．方式；方法；态度；举止；(pl)．礼貌 ‎[用manner，means，way，method，approach填空]‎ ‎(1)If he changes his way of thinking，his teaching method will present a new approach to foreign language teaching and by this means the students will make great progress，but his manner is disappointing.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(2)He has no manners at all(一点礼貌也没有) and he always speaks to his mother in a rude manner(以一种粗鲁的方式)．‎ ‎(3)Two days passed in this manner(这样) before he was able to speak.‎ 　manner，means，way，method，approach ‎(1)manner指按传统习惯或个人主观的标准衡量的行为方式、举止。‎ ‎(2)means指为达到一个目的或产生某种结果而采用的方法、手段。常用by this/that means。‎ ‎(3)way是最普通、最常用的词，可以指一切“方法、办法”。常用way of doing/way to do。‎ ‎(4)method是指理论的或系统的方法，有时是针对某个具体问题而采用的特殊方法，常用method of。‎ ‎(5)approach常与to搭配，指从事某事的特别方法、途径。‎ ‎ remark n．谈论；言论；评述 v．评论；谈论；说起，谈到 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Anna got really angry by Jack’s rude remarks about/on/over her figure.‎ ‎(2)It’s bad manners to remark(remark) on/upon others.‎ ‎(3)Ellen later regretted her remarks(remark) about his private affairs.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)Don’t remark on her appearance rudely.(用remark的名词短语改写)‎ Don’t make rude remarks on her appearance.‎ ‎ transform vt.&vi.转化；转换；改造；变换 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)In the past 20 years the country has been transformed(transform) into an advanced industrial power.‎ ‎(2)She was transformed from a commonlooking adolescent into a pretty young woman.‎ ‎(3)Having been transformed(transform) into a powerful one，the firm decided to extend business to Europe.‎ ‎ in case of万一……；如果发生……‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I’ll be out for some time.In case anything important happens/(should) happen(happen)，call me up immediately.‎ ‎(2)As is often the case，she is punctual.‎ ‎(3)Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.‎ ‎(4)Please inform me in advance in case of any change.‎ ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(5)As is often the case with him，he was late for class.‎ ‎(6)Keep the windows closed in case it rains.‎ ‎(7)In no case have I noticed that.‎ ‎(8)I told them what each was to do in case of an emergency.‎ in case(以防)万一 in most cases在大多数情况下；在大多数场合下 in any case无论如何，总之 in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装)‎ as is often the case这是常有的事 ‎ Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.‎ 直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现陆地。‎ ‎(1)Not until recently did they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.‎ 直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ 巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音乐才能一直到19世纪早期才完全被认可。 (2015·重庆)‎ ‎(1)until引导时间状语从句，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定式。若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。‎ ‎(2)在not...until...句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，句子用倒装语序。‎ ‎(3)not...until...句型的强调句式为：It is/was not until...that...‎ 基础知识训练——[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)Not until she came back did I know(我才知道) she was OK.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(2)I didn’t leave my school until my teacher came.‎ ‎①Not until my teacher came did I leave my school.(改为倒装句)‎ ‎②It was not until my teacher came that I left my school.(改为强调句)‎ ‎ I had eaten Chinese food often，but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。‎ ‎(1)George can’t have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.‎ 乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。(2016·浙江)‎ ‎(2)You should have finished your homework yesterday.‎ 你昨天就该做完作业的。‎ ‎“情态动词＋have done”表示两种意义：‎ ‎(1)表示对过去情况的推测与估计。‎ must have done用于肯定句，意为“肯定是/一定(已经)……了”‎ can have done用于否定句和疑问句，意为“不可能/不会(已经)……的”和“可能/也许(已经)……了吗”‎ may have done用于肯定句和否定句，意为“可能/也许(已经)……了”和“可能/或许还没有……”‎ ‎(2)表示对过去发生之事的后悔、遗憾、责备等情绪，至于具体表示的意义则由所用的情态动词及其句法结构而定。‎ should/ought to have done本来应该……的(但却没有……)‎ could have done本来能够……的(但却没有……)‎ might have done本可以……的(但却没有……)‎ needn’t have done本来可以不必……的(但却做了……)‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who could have taken(take) it?‎ ‎(2)He might have given(give) you more help，but he was busy.‎ ‎(3)We needn’t have packed(pack) our thick clothes.The weather was really warm.‎ ‎(4)It must have rained(rain) last night，for the road is all wet.‎ 写作能力提升——[高考小作文]‎ ‎(5)李华现在是一位成功的经理。当他回忆他的学校生活的时候，他认为他不是个勤奋的学生。他对玩电脑游戏上瘾。在老师们的教育下，他意识到他不应该把这么多的时间浪费在电脑游戏上。因此，他下决心戒掉他的坏习惯。最终他成功了。‎ Li Hua is now a successful manager.When he recalled school days，he thought he was not a diligent student.He was addicted to playing computer games.Educated by his teachers，he realized he shouldn’t have wasted so much time on computer games.Therefore，he made up his mind to give up his bad habits.Finally he was successful.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 Module 1‎ Antarctica，the 1.coldest(cold) place on Earth，is 2.the fifth largest continent in the world.The conditions there are quite extreme with nearly no rainfall.98 percent of the surface 3.is covered(cover) permanently by ice and strong winds 4.driven(drive) by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline.However，it is full of wildlife like the famous penguins,5.which can adapt to its hard conditions.The ice there has become a window on the past with gases and minerals 6.trapped(trap) in it.It was not until 1895 that a Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink set foot 7.on the Antarctic mainland.In 1961,12 countries 8.signed(sign) a treaty to make 9.it the world’s biggest nature reserve.Today scientists from all over the world go there to study 10.its(it)‎ ‎ resources and to work together for progress and peace.‎ Module 2‎ Renaissance is a French word meaning “rebirth”.1.It was used to describe a period in European history which began with the 2.arrival(arrive) of the first Europeans in America.From Italy，the ideas of the Renaissance 3.rapidly(rapid) spread to France，Germany，England，and the rest of Europe.Trade made people get richer，which meant that it became easier for artists 4.to find(find) people who could afford to buy their works or employ them.‎ During that time，people developed 5.a new type of philosophy.For the first time，people，rather than religion,6.were put(put) at the centre of the universe.The Renaissance was also a time of scientific invention.Leonardo was not only a painter，but also a skilled inventor.7.Wherever he went，he carried a notebook in 8.which he wrote down his ideas.In short，Leonardo was an extraordinary genius，an example of 9.what has been described as “Renaissance man”：someone interested 10.in everything and with many different talents.‎ Module 3‎ There are many aspects of Chinese food culture 1.that/which I found very impressive，the most significant I found 2.of which was the fabulous amount of dishes served at a banquet.At a banquet，you must learn 3.to taste(taste) instead of “biting”．Westerners might feel 4.horrified(horrify) when they find that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal.Furthermore，I knew that choudoufu was infamous 5.because it smells like a burnt tennis shoe，but I still wanted to try to get used to it some day.‎ British people like being served with cold food and mixing food together.When they make salad，they only wash vegetables 6.before serving them.Chinese food，7.on the other hand，is prepared very carefully.British food goes 8.against the Chinese sense of beauty and style at the dinner table，but I do admire 9.the polite manner in which the British people eat，even when 10.eating(eat) something as simple as a potato.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Module 1‎ On 8th August,1914,27 men who had replied to an advertisement on The Times boarded Endurance，a ship left for the Antarctic.The captain of it was an Irishman calling Ernest Shackleton.The aim of the journey was cross the frozen continent via the South Pole—a journey of 1,800 miles.‎ But when land came into the sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break out.Shackleton and his men watch the Endurance sink into the icy sea.They then headed the north，pulling three lifeboats behind them.‎ After six days，bad weather forced us to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice where began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle.‎ 答案　‎ On 8th August,1914,27 men who had replied to an advertisement The Times boarded Endurance，a ship for the Antarctic.The captain of it was an Irishman Ernest Shackleton.The aim of the journey was cross the frozen continent via the South Pole—a journey of 1,800 miles.‎ But when land came into the sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break .Shackleton and his men the Endurance sink into the icy sea.They then headed the north，pulling three lifeboats behind them.‎ After six days，bad weather forced to give up and the men set up camp on a sheet of ice began slowly moving across the Antarctic Circle.‎ Module 2‎ Leonardo was born in a small town in Tuscany，in the centre of Italy.At school his teachers were astonishing by his talent.But Leonardo thought his progresses was disappointing because he hasn’t learnt enough.So instead relaxing evenings spent with friends，Leonardo preferred studying Latin by him.‎ He was good at everything：he was a strong athlete but he had a fine singing voice.But he was especially interested in the painting.When he was 14 he went to work for the wellknown artist Verrocchio and soon became a great artist than his master.His first known drawing，shows a valley in Tuscany，is astonishing.It shows a complete new approach to perspective.The scene looks real.‎ 答案　‎ Leonardo was born in a small town in Tuscany，in the centre of Italy.At school his teachers ‎ were by his talent.But Leonardo thought his was disappointing because he learnt enough.So instead relaxing evenings spent with friends，Leonardo preferred studying Latin by .‎ He was good at everything：he was a strong athlete he had a fine singing voice.But he was especially interested in the painting.When he was 14 he went to work for the wellknown artist Verrocchio and soon became a artist than his master.His first known drawing， a valley in Tuscany，is astonishing.It shows a new approach to perspective.The scene looks real.‎ Module 3‎ Ken Hom is a ChineseAmerican cook who is very wellknown in all Britain and America.He was born in Tucson，Arizona，where his Cantonese parents lived in after moving to America in the 1920s.As he grew up，he found American food terribly compared to his mother’s cooking.But she sent him to school with a box in which she put hot rice and vegetables much good than the sandwiches that his friends had for lunch.At age 11，Ken went to work in her uncle’s Chinese restaurant and learned how to cook everything.At university he gave cooking lesson to earn money.Ken Hom，his first book was about Chinese cooking techniques，is now a famous cook.He writes an article for a newspaper and from there，he got his first TV programme，which was big success.‎ 答案　‎ Ken Hom is a ChineseAmerican cook who is very wellknown in Britain and America.He was born in Tucson，Arizona，where his Cantonese parents lived in after moving to America in the 1920s.As he grew up，he found American food compared to his mother’s cooking. she sent him to school with a box in which she put hot rice and vegetables much than the sandwiches that his friends had for lunch.At age 11，Ken went to work in uncle’s Chinese restaurant and learned how to cook everything.At university he gave cooking to earn money.Ken Hom， first book was about Chinese cooking techniques，is now a ‎ famous cook.He an article for a newspaper and from there，he got his first TV programme，which was big success.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于老师)‎ ‎1．杨老师从1990年开始在一所农村学校从事教师工作，他对待每一个学生如朋友。‎ ‎2．他从不缺课，从不厌倦他的工作。‎ ‎3．他喜欢举止得体的学生。‎ ‎4．他很少责备学生，难怪他总是受到学生们的欢迎。‎ ‎5．他让学生学会平衡学习和休息，他对学生有好的影响。‎ 提示：黑体部分用这三单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句，that引导的主语从句。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)‎ Mr.Yang，who took up his job as a teacher in a rural school in 1990，befriends every student.He is never absent from his classes and never gets tired of his work.He likes students with good manners.He seldom blames his students，so it’s no wonder that he is popular with his students.He asks his students to balance their study and rest and he has a good effect on them.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.(2016·四川)‎ ‎2．Maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it.It all depends on your character.(2016·北京)‎ ‎3．As one would expect，his writing is mostly clear and，to be fair，some chapters stand out above the rest.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎4．The firefighters were trying to rescue those trapped(trap) in the burning hotel.‎ ‎5．I am writing to apply for the volunteer position stated(state) in your notice.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎6．We went 10－1 and I was named the most valuable player，but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame(blame) for Miller’s accident.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎7．Having(have) little such material left，they decided to hold a meeting to discuss what to do.‎ ‎8．The first to give(give) the right answer in given time will win the prize and a free travel.‎ ‎9．The instant coffee is really tasty(taste)，and I’m going to have another cup later.‎ ‎10．I go to bed when I’m sleepy and get up with an alarm clock at a fixed(fix) time.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·山东枣庄三中质检)‎ It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar，but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet.Looking at past studies they found that，while heavy drinkers do put on weight，those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.‎ A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says，“Light to moderate alcohol intake，especially of wine，may be more likely to protect against，rather than promote，weight gain.” The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions，particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.‎ Boston University’s Dr.Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood.His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like ‎ diabetes(糖尿病)，which relate to increasing obesity.Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.‎ The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat，and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods.They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks，taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.‎ ‎ For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese.What’s more，a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol，a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.‎ 语篇解读　文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，告诉我们适量饮酒有助于减肥。‎ ‎11．The passage is mainly for those .‎ A．who produce wine B．who have a drinking habit C．who go on a diet D．who are eager to lose weight 答案　B 解析　读者对象题。文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，比如和肥胖、疾病等的关系。所以说是写给有喝酒习惯的人的，故选B。‎ ‎12．The underlined phrase “in moderation” in the first paragraph means “ ”．‎ A．excitedly B．carefully C．frequently D．properly 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。与上句形成对比，此处指适量饮酒的人事实上能减肥。in moderation“适度地”与D项同义，故选D。‎ ‎13．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.‎ B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.‎ C．The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.‎ D．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病)，which relate to increasing obesity.”可知C正确。‎ ‎14．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?‎ A．How to do some easy experiments.‎ B．How to reduce the calories contained in wine.‎ C．How to prove the finding mentioned above.‎ D．How to make wine in a healthy way.‎ 答案　C 解析　篇章结构题。文章最后讲到葡萄酒和红酒混合会破坏肥胖细胞，所以下文会证明这一观点，故选C。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2017·河南洛阳期中)‎ Reducing Test Anxiety As students throughout the state prepare to take their tests，they will feel some added anxiety.Some of that anxiety is good，but too much can have a bad effect on test performance.Here are some methods to reduce test anxiety.‎ ‎ 15 This is useful for two reasons：A)You’ll be less nervous and B)you’ll do better.A recent study at UC Berkeley showed that students who were tested on information they just learned actually did better than those who were asked to document what they were learning. 16 Then you can grade it for each other and harvest the benefits.The more real it feels，the more prepared you’ll feel and be when the test day arrives.‎ Review that morning. 17 You want to be as calm and relaxed as possible and reviewing right before the test will do that.What’s more，you’ll regain the information.So on your way to class，whip out those flashcards for the last time.‎ Consider listening to classical music.Though it doesn’t make you smarter like some people believe，it can improve your memory.If you want to get super specific，listen to music that’s 60 BPM. 18 ‎ Do the easy questions first.An easy way to get stressed out and lose your cool is to focus on questions you don’t know the answers to. 19 Don’t fall into the trap move on to what you do know.‎ Then you can hit the hard stuff dead on.‎ A．Take a pretest.‎ B．Ask for help from your deskmate.‎ C．That’s when the benefits will be highest.‎ D．Stay up late and drink as much coffee as possible.‎ E．So write up a pretest and have your friend do the same!‎ F．This is good for the exact same two reasons as stated in the previous step.‎ G．You start worrying about the clock and thinking about you didn’t study enough.‎ 语篇解读　学生参加考试的时候会出现考试焦虑，适当的焦虑是好的，但是过度的焦虑会影响考试的发挥，文章给出一些建议来减轻考试焦虑。‎ ‎15．答案　A 解析　根据下文的句子“...students who were tested on information they just learned actually did better than those who were asked to document what they were learning.”可知这里是：参加一次预考。故选A。‎ ‎16．答案　E 解析　根据下文的句子“Then you can grade it for each other and harvest the benefits.”可知上文应是：写一次考前预测，让你朋友也这样做。故选E。‎ ‎17．答案　F 解析　根据第二段的句子“This is useful for two reasons”可知这里是：这样做和前面两个步骤有同样的两个原因。故选F。‎ ‎18．答案　C 解析　根据上文的句子“If you want to get super specific，listen to music that’s 60 BPM.”可知这里是指：这是最有益的时候。故选C。‎ ‎19．答案　G 解析　根据上文的句子“An easy way to get stressed out and lose your cool is to focus on questions you don’t know the answers to.”可知这里是面对难题时的反应：你开始担心时间，认为你学得不够。故选G。‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2017·广西桂林中学月考)‎ It was no wonder I was not looking forward to entering the ninth grade.High school is well known for being a battleground，where everyone seems to be 20 through physical changes and emotional mood swings(情绪波动)．For me， 21 was my punishment.‎ I had always 22 insecure and out of place as one of the 23 members of my class，standing a head above the other girls and standing at the 24 of the line to avoid sticking 25 .‎ I especially hate being around large groups of 26 ，like during the social hour after services at my church. 27 the prayers were finished，I would 28 as quickly as possible so I could 29 some wellmeaning congratulations，“Ruthie！Look how tall you’re getting！”‎ My grandfather would watch me 30 increasingly uncomfortable，but he did not 31 at my selfconsciousness(自我意识) or try to comfort me. 32 ，he would remind me.“Stand 33 and tall，” he would say，as I 34 tried to shrink(缩) myself.Even at age 15，I understood that his advice was about 35 than just feet and inches.‎ My grandfather 36 in wartorn Europe.When German soldiers 37 his hometown，he joined the army to 38 his country’s freedom.“Stand straight，stand tall，” 39 something else back then.‎ 语篇解读　作者因为个头太高而深感自卑，可是祖父却告诉她要站直了，这使作者体会到“做人要勇敢，遇到困难要挺直身躯勇敢面对，坚定信念相信自己”的道理。‎ ‎20．A.getting B．putting C．looking D．going 答案　D 解析　句意为：高中因为是一个战场而闻名，在这里每个人都要经历身体的变化和情绪的波动。go through经历，故选D项。‎ ‎21．A.age B．weight C．height D．face 答案　C 解析　根据下文中的“standing a head above the other girls”，“Ruthie！Look how tall you’re getting！”，“I tried to shrink(缩) myself”可知，此处指对于我来说，身高就是我的噩梦，故选C项。‎ ‎22．A become B gone C．placed D．felt 答案　D 解析　根据下文中的“watch me increasing by uncomfortable”可知，我一直没有安全感。feel insecure感觉不安全，故选D项。‎ ‎23．A.fatter B．taller C．thinner D．shorter 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“standing a head above the other girls”可知，选B项。‎ ‎24．A.head B．end C．front D．side 答案　B 解析　女孩儿比较高，根据常识可知，在排队时高个子的往往要站队伍后边，因此她应该站在后面。故选B项。‎ ‎25．A.to B．off C．up D．out 答案　D 解析　根据常识可知，女孩儿个子高，站在队伍的最后面就是为了避免显得突兀，故选D项。‎ ‎26．A.people B．girls C．teachers D．students 答案　A 解析　根据后半句“like during the social hour after services at my church”可知，在教堂里祷告的人可以是各领域的人，包括女孩们，教师和学生。故选A项。‎ ‎27．A.Until B．Unless C．Once D．While 答案　C 解析　句意为：祷告一做完，我总是尽快离开教堂，这样就能避开其他人善意的祝贺，“鲁丝！看你又长个儿了！”故选C项。‎ ‎28．A.leave B．come C．stop D．walk 答案　A 解析　见上题解析。故选A项。‎ ‎29．A.accept B．receive C．avoid D．refuse 答案　C 解析　祷告一做完，作者总是尽快离开教堂，她这样做的目的是为了避开其他人说她又高了。故选C项。‎ ‎30．A.make B．move C．turn D．become 答案　D 解析　句意为：我的祖父看到我变得越来越不安，但并不会嘲笑我或安慰我。故选D项。‎ ‎31．A.look B．stare C．smile D．laugh 答案　D 解析　见上题解析。laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，故选D项。‎ ‎32．A.Instead B．Besides C．However D．Therefore 答案　A 解析　句意为：相反，他会提醒我。当我想缩起身子时，他会说：“挺直腰板站直了。”故选A项。‎ ‎33．A.back B．straight C．up D．by 答案　B 解析　根据文章最后一句中的“Stand straight，stand tall，”可知，选B项。‎ ‎34．A.satisfactorily B．happily C．unsuccessfully D．unwillingly 答案　C 解析　根据上下文可知，当别人说作者高时，她想缩起身子，但并不成功。故选C项。‎ ‎35．A.other B．more C．less D．rather 答案　B 解析　根据最后一段可知，作者明白祖父的建议不仅仅指的是身高。more than just不仅仅，故选B项。‎ ‎36．A.grew up B．worked C．died D．travelled 答案　A 解析　句意为：祖父是在战火纷争的欧洲长大的。故选A项。‎ ‎37．A.helped B．developed C．occupied D．visited 答案　C 解析　根据本段中的wartorn及freedom可知，当时德国军队占领了祖父的家乡。故选C项。‎ ‎38．A.look after B．fight for C．work with D．stay with 答案　B 解析　当时德国军队占领了祖父的家乡，他参军是为国家的自由而战斗。fight for为……而战斗。故选B项。‎ ‎39．A.meant B．advised C．carried D．included 答案　A 解析　句意为：“挺起腰板站直了。”在当时有不一样的含义。mean意味着。故选A项。‎