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高考英语一轮总复习考点集训三十二Units1-4牛津译林版
考点集训(三十二) Units1－4 对应学生用书p336 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Don’tbeshockedifyourealizeamaninragsis____________(actual) amillionaire. 2．Nothavingaclearpurpose, theyoungmanliveshislifeinan____________(aim) way. 3．Courageousandrighteous, theydonotshrink____________doingwhatisright. 4．Shetakesnopleasure____________herwork, soshewantstoresign. 5．Most____________(employ) docareabouttheappearancesoftheiremployees. 6．Thebusinessfailedduetoacombinationofbad____________(manage) andlackofexperience. 7．____________forracism, muchprogresshasbeenmade, butthereisstillmuchtodo. 8．Theofficer’sgoodideasbroughthopeto____________(settle) thetrafficprobleminthecitycentre. 9.Canyoulookme____________theeyeandtellmewhatyoudidwithmycar? 10．Hercareertook____________aftershewashiredbythefamouscompany. [答案与解析] 1．actually。句意：如果你发现一个衣衫褴褛的人实际上是个百万富翁，不要感到震惊。actually实际上，事实上。 2．aimless。句意：这些年轻人没有明确目标，毫无目的地过着生活。aimless无目标的。 3．from。shrinkfrom畏避，回避。 4．in。takepleasureinsth./indoingsth“乐于”，固定搭配。 5．employers。考查名词复数。句意：大部分老板的确在乎雇员的外表。由空后的do可知，空处做主语，且要用复数形式。所以填employers。故填employers。 6．management。考查名词。句意：那家企业倒闭是因为管理不善和缺乏经验。management管理，经营。 7．As。句意：就消除种族主义而言，已经取得了很大进步，但仍有很多事情要做。asforsb./sth.就某人/某事而言。 8．settling。bring...to...“把……带到……”这位官员好的想法为解决市中心的交 13 通问题带来了希望。 9．in。句意：你能看着我的眼睛，告诉我，你把我的自行车怎么了？looksb.intheeye(s) /face直视某人，正视某人。 10．off。考查动词短语。句意：她被那家著名的公司雇用后，事业开始腾飞。短语takeoff“起飞；事业成功”。 二、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A WhenIfirstenteredcollege, IwasafraidthatIwasnot“up to it”.Iwasafraidofbeingawayfrommyfamilyforthefirsttime.HereIwouldhavetomakefriendswithstrangepeopleandperhapsalsocompetewiththemforgradesincoursesIwouldtake.WeretheysmarterthanIwas? CouldIkeepupwiththem? Wouldtheyacceptme? Isoonlearnedthatmylifewasnowuptome.IhadtosetastudyprogramifIweretosucceedinmycourses, andchangethetimeIspentinmystudyandsocializing.Ihadtodecidewhentogotobed, whattoeat, andwithwhomtobefriendly.Ihadtoanswerthesequestionsformyself. Atfirst, lifewasdifficult.ImademistakesinhowIusedmytime.IalsomademistakesinhowIchosemyfirstfriendsincollege.Shortly, however, Ihadmylifeundercontrol.Imanagedtogetmyselftoclassontime, domyhomeworkandhanditin, andpassmyfirstexamswithsatisfyinggrades.Inaddition, IdevelopedacircleoffriendswithwhomIfeltcomfortableandcouldsharemyfears.Isetupmyownroutine(常规), onethatreallymetmyneeds. Asaresult, Ibegantolookonmyselffromadifferentperspective(视角).Ibegantoseemyselfasapersonresponsibleformyselfandresponsibleformyfriendsandfamily.Itfeltgoodtomakedecisionsandseethemturnouttobewiseones.Iguessthisiswhatpeoplecall“growing up”． Whatdidlifehaveinstoreforme? Atthatstageinmylife, IwasreallyuncertainwhereIwouldgoandwhatIwoulddowiththeyearsaheadofme.ButIknewIwouldbeabletohandlewhatwasaheadbecauseIhadsuccessfullyovercomethemajorprobleminm 13 ylife: Ihadmadethechangefromapersondependentonhisfamilytoapersonwhowasresponsibleforhimself. ( )11.Theauthorwasanxiousabouthiscollegelifeatfirstbecause________． A．hehatedtogetonwithstrangers B．helackedsomespecialknowledge C．hewasatalossinthenewsurroundings D．hewasafraidofmakingmistakesinfrontofothers ( )12.Wecanlearnfromtheauthor'searlyexperienceatcollegethat________． A．hegotusedtothenewlifewithoutmuchtrouble B．helosttheabilitytohandlethingsindependently C．hecametorealizeheshouldbeinchargeofhisownbusiness D．hewasafailureinmanyaspectsexceptinschoolperformance ( )13.Theauthor'scollegelifefinallybroughthimasensethat________． A．hebecameapersonsharingfeelingswithothers B．hewassmarterthanhisfellowstudents C．hebroughtconfidencebackinmakingdecisions D．hecoulddealwithhispersonalmattersindependently [语篇导读] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在大学时由迷茫走向成熟的历程。 [答案与解析] 11．C。推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段第二句“At that stage in my life, I was really uncertain where I would go and what I would do with the years ahead of me.”可知，作者起初为自己的大学生活感到担忧是因为他在新环境中是迷茫的。故选C项。 12．C。推理判断题。根据第二段尤其是末句“Ihadtoanswerthesequestionsformyself.(这些问题我都得自己回答。)”可知，我们从作者早年的大学经历中了解到，他开始意识到自己应该负责自己的事情。故C项正确。 13．D。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的Ihadmadethechangefromapersondependentonhisfamilytoapersonwhowasresponsibleforhimself(我已经从一个依赖家庭的人变成了一个对自己负责的人)可知，作者最终意识到他可 13 以独立处理他的个人事务。即作者的大学生活最终给他带来了一种能够独立处理个人事务的感觉。故选D项。 B SeveralrecentcasesofviolenceagainststudentsatU．S.collegeshavemadeglobalheadlines，arousingquestionsaboutthesafetyofAmerica'scampuses.Yetgovernmentdatashowthatthenumberofviolentassaults(袭击) atcollegesactuallyhasdecreasedinrecentyears.Andmostschoolshaveworkedtoincreasesafetythroughtechnologyandstudentbehavior. It'salsoimportantforstudentstotakeresponsibilityfortheirownsafety.Beingfamiliarwithlocalneighborhoodsandcampusservicesiskey.PersonalsafetyexpertDavidNancesaysthemostimportantthingstudentscandoisbeattentive—whichmeansnotbeingdistractedbysmartphonesorotherdevices. ThewebsiteforthegroupPEACEOUTSIDECAMPUS，formedinresponsetothemurderofastudentfromtheUniversityofDelawareinheroffcampusapartmentin2005，listsadditionalmeasuresstudentscantake： ●1.Don'twalkaloneafterdarkorwhiledrunk.Contactafriendtotakeyouwhereyouneedtogo. ●2.Whendriving，keepyourdoorslocked，andparkinwelllitareas. ●3.Don'twearearphonesorplaymusicsoloudlythatyouareunawareofyoursurroundings. ●4.Trustyourinstinct(本能) anddon'tworryaboutoverreacting.You'rebettersafethansorry. ●5.Avoidenteringelevatorswithstrangers.Whenthisisunavoidable, standbythecontrolpaneland，iffacedwithathreateningway, pushtheemergencyalarmandallthefloorbuttons.Don'tpressthestopbutton. ●6.Don'tholdthedooropenforastrangerattemptingtoenterthehouse, evenifitseemsrude.Askthemtoidentifythemselves. ●7.Postthepolice'sandfiredepartments'numbersbyeveryphone, andputthemintoyourcellphone. 13 ●8.LabelyouremergencycontactsasICE(InCaseofEmergency) inyourcellphonesoofficialswillknowwhotocontactforimportantpersonalormedicalinformation. ( )14.WhatcanwelearnfromDavidNance'swords? A．Studentsnowadaysprefertolistentomusic. B．Modernelectricaldevicesareprettypopularamongstudents. C．Studentsalwaysburythemselvesinusingelectricaldevices. D．Studentshadbetterputawaytheirsmartphonesoncampus. ( )15.Whatshouldastudentdowhenfacingathreatintheelevatoraccordingtothepassage? A．Getclosetothedoor. B．Stoptheelevatorinstantly. C．Hitthecontrolpanel. D．Pushthealarmbutton. ( )16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutkeepingsafeoncampusisRIGHT? A．Followyourinstinctandavoidoverreacting. B．ICEinyourcellphonewillbenefityoualot. C．Loudmusicwillraiseyourawarenessofthesurroundings. D．Holdthedooropenpolitelyforthestrangers. ( )17.What'sthemainideaofthepassage? A．Howstudentsstaysafeatthecollege. B．Whatsafetytipsshouldbetaken. C．Howstudentsavoidstrangersoncampus. D．Studentsareresponsiblefortheirownsafety. [语篇导读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了校园暴力事件引起了广泛关注，并对大学生在校园的安全防范措施给出了具体有效的建议。 [答案与解析] 14．C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“PersonalsafetyexpertDavidNancesaysthemostimportantthingstudentscandoisbeatte 13 ntive—whichmeansnotbeingdistractedbysmartphonesorotherdevices.”可知，现在大学生容易过于专注地使用智能手机或其他电子设备而忽略周围的安全情况，故选C。 15．D。细节理解题。根据第5条建议可知，当在电梯中遇到危险时，按紧急按钮和所有楼层按钮，不能按停止按钮，故选D。 16．B。细节理解题。根据第4条建议可知A项表述错误；根据第3条建议可知C项表述错误；根据第6条建议可知D项表述错误；第8条建议提到手机中的ICE能帮助警察在你遇到危险时联系相关人士，故B项表述正确。 17．A。主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章对大学生在校园的安全防范措施给出了具体有效的建议，目的是使学生们知道如何在校园中保护自己的人身安全，故选A。 三、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “As easy as falling off a log”isoftenusedtodescribeajobthatdoesnottakemucheffort.Youmighthearastudentsaytoherfriendthatherspellingtestwas“as easy as falling off a log”.18.________Itiseasiertofalloffthelogthantostayonit. 19．________Oneis“easy as pie”：Nothingiseasierthaneatingapieceofsweet，juicypieunlessitisa“piece of cake”． “Piece of cake”isanotherexpressionthatmeanssomethingisextremelyeasytodo.Afriendmighttellyouthathisnewjobwasa“piece of cake”． Anotherexpressionis“as easy as shooting fish in a barrel”.Itishardtoimaginewhyanyonewouldwanttoshootfishinabarrel.But, clearly, fishinabarrelwouldbemucheasiertoshootthanfishinastream.20.________Sometimes，thingsthatcometouseasily，alsoleaveusjustaseasily.Infact, thereisanexpression—“easy come, easy go”—thatrecognizesthis.21.________Easycome, easygo. Whenlifeitselfiseasy, whenyouhavenocaresorproblems, youareon“Easy Street”．Everyonewantstoliveonthatimaginarystreet. 22．________Itmeanstotreatapersonkindlyorgently, especiallyinasituationwhereyoumightbeexpectedtobeangrywithhim.Awifemighturgeherhusbandto“go easy on”theirson，becausetheboydidnotmeantodamagethecar. 13 A．Ifyouevertriedtowalkonafallentreelog，youunderstandwhattheexpressionmeans. B．Youmaywinalotofmoneyinalottery，thenspenditallinafewdays. C．Everypersonhasitsownwayofsayingthingsanditsownspecialexpressions. D．Another“easy”expressionisto“go easy on a person”． E．Thereareseveralotherexpressionsthatmeanthesamething. F．Andonelastexpression，onethatmeansdonotworryorworktoohard. G．Infact, itwouldbeaseasyas“falling off a log”． [答案与解析] 18．A。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句Itiseasiertofalloffthelogthantostayonit.“很容易从原木上跌下来，还不如待在上面。”可知此处为在掉落的原木上行走，答案为A。 19．E。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句Oneis“easy as pie”可知有很多表达方式，此处为概括句，介绍本段主要内容，故答案为E。 20．G。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句But, clearly, fishinabarrelwouldbemucheasiertoshootthanfishinastream.可知此处的两个习语同义，故答案为G。 21．B。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句Infact, thereisanexpression—“easy come, easy go”—thatrecognizesthis.“事实上，有个短语来证明这个事实——来得快，去得也快。”故答案为B。 22．D。考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下句Itmeanstotreatapersonkindlyorgently可知此处后文举例子说明首句，即此处为概括大意句，故答案为D。 四、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Amongthedozen15yearoldgirlsinTatyanaGaltseva'sclassattheBolshoiBalletAcademy, oneisdifferent.Andit'snotjustbecauseofherlong, swanlikeneck. SheisHarperOrtlieb, anAmerican, who__23__hersmalltowninOregontomovetoMoscowtofollowher__24__ 13 ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞女演员)． The__25__academyhas84foreignersamongits721students.Butfewwere__26__whentheywereasyoungasHarperandfewarestudyingtheregularRussianprogram.“Sheisavery__27__girl，”Galtsevasaid.“When children are talented, whatever their nationality, they are alike in one way in how they feel about what they do.” ThewellknownBolshoi__28__HarperduringasummerprogramandofferedherareplaceattheMoscowacademy.Sheknewherteacherswouldbestrictandthatitwouldbea__29__tobesofarawayfromhome.Butshewaswellprepared. Harper'smother, LayneBaumann, madetwotripstoMoscowaftersheandherhusband, TimOrtlieb, droppedofftheironlychildinSeptember.InFebruary, Baumann__30__tomovetoMoscowatleastfortherestoftheschoolyear.She__31__anapartmentneartheacademy.It__32__Harpertomoveoutofthe__33__. Attheendofeachday, Baumanntalkstoherdaughteraboutwhatshelearnedinclass.AndtheyalsotalkontheInternet, whichmakesHarper'sfatherjoininthe__34__fromtheirhomeinMountHood, Oregon.Itis11timezonesaway. Besidesher__35__classes, HarperhasRussianlanguagelessonseverydayattheacademy.Forherother__36__，shedoesonlineclassesintheeveningsandonweekends.Sundayisheronlydayoff.Onthatday, sheandhermotheroften__37__theirnewcity. ( )23.A.forgotB．left C．missedD．destroyed ( )24.A.mindB．step C．ideaD．dream ( )25.A.famousB．modern C．traditionalD．historic ( )26.A.respectedB．affected C．acceptedD．received ( )27.A.giftedB．patient C．energeticD．normal 13 ( )28.A.tookadvantageofB．tookholdof C．tooknoticeofD．tookcareof ( )29.A.challengeB．favor C．chanceD．pleasure ( )30.A.pretendedB．decided C．agreedD．failed ( )31.A.cleanedB．gained C．rentedD．discovered ( )32.A.askedB．allowed C．expectedD．encouraged ( )33.A.classroomB．library C．cityD．academy ( )34.A.conversationB．life C．membershipD．study ( )35.A.paintingB．music C．danceD．drama ( )36.A.objectsB．subjects C．projectsD．activities ( )37.A.skipB．meet C．recallD．tour [语篇导读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国少女HarperOrtlieb为了追逐梦想，不远万里来到莫斯科，在著名的Bolshoi芭蕾舞学院学跳芭蕾舞。 [答案与解析] 23．B。考查动词词义辨析。A.forgot忘记；B.left离开；C.missed错过；D.destroyed破坏。根据语境可知，此处表示离开她的小镇，故选leave“离开”，故选B。 24．D。考查名词词义辨析。A.mind思想；B.step步骤，步伐；C.idea想法；D.dream梦想。根据语境可知，此处用followone'sdream意为“追逐某人的梦想”，符合语境，故选D。 25．A 13 。考查形容词词义辨析。A.famous著名的；B.modern现代的；C.traditional传统的；D.historic具有历史意义的。根据下文中的wellknownBolshoi可知，Bolshoi芭蕾舞学院是俄罗斯著名的艺术学院，故选A。 26．C。考查动词词义辨析。A.respected尊重；B.affected影响；C.accepted接受；D.received获得。根据语境可知，此处指很少有学生在像Harper这么小的年纪就被Bolshoi芭蕾舞学院录取的。此处accept意为“(认为符合要求而)接受”，故选C。 27．A。考查形容词词义辨析。A.gifted有天赋的；B.patient耐心的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.normal正常的。根据下文中的childrenaretalented可知，此处用gifted，意为“有天赋的，有才华的”，故选A。 28．C。考查动词短语词义辨析。A.tookadvantageof利用；B.tookholdof抓住；C.tooknoticeof注意；D.tookcareof照顾。此处是说这个Bolshoi学院是在一个暑期课程上注意到Harper的。takenoticeof意为“注意到”，符合语境，故选C。 29．A。考查名词词义辨析。A.challenge挑战；B.favor支持；C.chance机会；D.pleasure乐趣。远离家乡对Harper来说也是一个挑战(challenge)，故选A。 30．B。考查动词词义辨析。A.pretended假装；B.decided决定；C.agreed同意；D.failed失败。根据下文内容可知，Harper的母亲决定搬到莫斯科来陪读，故选B。 31．C。考查动词词义辨析。A.cleaned打扫；B.gained获得；C.rented租；D.discovered发现。Baumann在女儿学校附近租了一套公寓，这使得Harper可以从学校搬出来。rent意为“租房”，故选C。 32．B。考查动词词义辨析。A.asked问；B.allowed允许；C.expected期望；D.encouraged鼓励。Baumann在女儿学校附近租了一套公寓，这使得Harper可以从学校搬出来，故选B。 33．D。考查名词词义辨析。A.classroom教室；B.library图书馆；C.city城市；D.academy学院。Baumann在女儿学校附近租了一套公寓，这使得Harper可以从学校搬出来，故选D。 34．A。考查名词词义辨析。A.conversation谈话；B.life生活；C.membership会员；D.study研究。通过网络，Harper的父亲也能加入到Harper和母亲的谈话中来。conversation意为“会话，谈话”，符合语境，故选A。 35．C。考查名词词义辨析。A.painting绘画；B.music音乐；C.dance舞蹈；D.drama戏剧。除了上舞蹈课，Harper每天在学校还要上俄语课，故选C。 36．B。考查名词词义辨析。A.objects物体；B.subjects科目，课程；C.projects项目；D.activities活动。对于其他的课程，Harper在晚上和周末上网络课程。subject在此是“课程”之意，符合语境，故选B。 13 37．D。考查动词词义辨析。A.skip跳过；B.meet遇见；C.recall回忆；D.tour旅游。星期天，Harper和她母亲经常会在这座新城市旅游。故选D。 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Edwin's, apopularFrenchrestaurantinCleveland, Ohio, teachespeople38.____________wereonceinprisonhowtocook.Mostof39.____________(it) staffhasaprisonrecord, aswell. Thesixmonthnonprofitprogramoffers40to50hoursaweekoffreetrainingineverythingfromknifeskillstowinebasics.“Comingoutofprisoncanbe40.____________(discourage); youmaynotfeellikeahumanagain，”Chrostowski, 41.____________(found) oftheprogram, said.“But the food business is great for anyone willing to work hard. No one's doing background checks.” Studentscanget42.____________(pay).Andtheycanalsostayforfreeatthehousearoundthecorner.Theprogramhasbeenworking, too.Morethan100students43.____________(graduate) sincetherestaurantandprogramopenedin2013.Morethan90percentofthosegraduates44.____________(employ) andnonehavereturnedtoprison. Chrostowskiwasinspiredtostarttheprogrambased45.____________hisownlifeexperience.“Iusedtobe46.____________reckless(鲁莽的) teenager.Onenight, Iwasarrestedandthrowninprison，”hesaid.“47.____________(fortune), Ihadajudgewhogavemeachanceinsteadof10yearsinprison.WhileIwasonprobation(缓刑), Imetachefwhotaughtme.OnceIwasinthatkitchen, Iknewthat'swhereIbelongedfortherestofmylife.” [语篇导读] 这是一篇记叙文。俄亥俄州的一家法国餐厅员工大多数曾经坐过牢，这家法国餐厅还设立了一个培训项目，专门培训刑满释放的人，使他们能学到一技之长，并能自食其力。这家法国餐厅之所以这么做，是因为老板曾经的经历。 [答案与解析] 38．who/that。考查定语从句。句意：Edwin's是俄亥俄州克利夫兰市一家很受欢迎的法国餐厅，它教那些曾经入狱的人如何做饭。空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语， 13 先行词为people，指人，故用关系代词who/that。 39．its。考查代词。staff为名词，此处应用形容词性物主代词做定语。故填its。 40．discouraging。考查形容词。句意：出狱可能会令人沮丧；你可能不再觉得自己是人类了。根据空前的be可知，空处做表语；且表示“令人失去信心的”，故填动词ing形式的形容词。故填discouraging。 41．founder。考查词性转换。空处是Chrostowski的同位语，故可判断这里是一个名词。故填founder。 42．paid。考查非谓语动词。这里get为系动词，且Students与pay之间是被动关系，故填paid。 43．havegraduated。考查时态。句意：自这个餐馆和项目2013年开业以来，已有100多名学生毕业。since引导时间状语从句，常与完成时连用，结合语境可知，主句应用现在完成时。故填havegraduated。 44．areemployed。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些大学毕业生中有90%以上都找到了工作，没有人重返监狱。employ和graduates之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；且主语表示一个复数概念，谓语应用复数形式；此处在陈述事实，故填areemployed。 45．on。考查介词。bebasedon意为“以……为基础”，为固定短语，这里是动词ed形式短语做后置定语。故填on。 46．a。考查冠词。句意：我过去是个鲁莽的少年。teenager为可数名词，根据语境，这里应用不定冠词表示泛指“一个青年”，且reckless的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 47．Fortunately。考查副词。此空应用副词修饰整个句子。故填Fortunately。 六、书面表达 假如你是李华，是一名英语专业的学生，即将大学毕业。你从报纸上看到某出版社正在招聘英语编辑，你有意应聘。请写一封80词左右的求职信，内容如下： 1．你的个人简历； 2．你选择这份工作的理由； 3．你应聘成功后的决心。 注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 DearSir/Madam， 13 IhavelearnedfromthenewspaperthatsomeEnglisheditorsareneededinyourcompany.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， LiHua [参考范文] DearSir/Madam， IhavelearnedfromthenewspaperthatsomeEnglisheditorsareneededinyourcompany.IamveryinterestedinthejobandnowI'mwritingtoapplyforit. MynameisLiHuaandI'mgraduatingfromtheuniversitysoon.IhavebeenlearningEnglishforovertenyearsandIhaveagoodcommandofEnglish. Ihavebeeninterestedinthemedia, especiallythepublishingindustry, whichIfirmlybelievewillhaveabrightfuture.IfI'mluckyenoughtobeamemberofyourcompany, I'llworkhardertomasteralltheskillsthatagoodeditorneedsandtrymybesttoworkforthecompany.Ihopethecompanywillhaveagreaterinfluencebothathomeandabroad. I'mlookingforwardtoyourreplyassoonaspossible. Yours， LiHua 13查看更多