英语卷·2017届湖南省岳阳县一中高三下学期开学考试（2017-02）

英语卷·2017届湖南省岳阳县一中高三下学期开学考试（2017-02）

‎2017年上学期岳阳县一中高三开学考试英语试题 说明：1、本套试题为完整高考试题节选，即除了听力与作文不考之外，其他高考题型都考。 ‎ ‎ 2、本套试卷实际题目分数为95分，5分为卷面分，累计100分。但年级最后会以 ‎150分进行换算，即成绩统计总分仍旧是以150分为基础换算分数。‎ 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎[A]‎ ‎ When I asked my mom why I was so short when I was 7 years old, she explained that I have a medical condition called dwarfism (侏儒症). ‎ ‎ At first, I was very sad. I wanted to be tall, mainly because of the way people reacted to me. Kids would say mean stuff, like, “It's weird how you're so short.” In elementary school, whenever classmates would bully (欺侮) me, I'd run away and cry.‎ ‎ Life outside school can also be tough. At the local amusement park, I'm not tall enough to go on all the rides, so sometimes I have to sit on the sidelines while my friends have fun.‎ ‎ I'm now in the seventh grade, and I'm four feet two inches tall. And you know what? It doesn't matter! My height no longer bothers me like it did when I was little. I met a girl at school named Nevaeh, who is my best friend, and she has helped me realize that it's not what's on the outside that matters — it's what's on the inside.‎ ‎ Nevaeh doesn't even mention my height when we hang out. In fact, if people tease us about being short (she's only six inches taller than I am), we'll make jokes, like, “We're not short. We're fun-sized!” I refuse to let unkind people get me down. I'd rather turn something cruel into something funny, laugh it off, and move on. ‎ ‎ One of my favorite things to do is prove people wrong. Take basketball, for example. Since it's a sport associated with tall people, I was determined to play. And for almost two full seasons, I didn't make a single basket! But then, during a game last year, I stole the ball from a girl. I got to take two free throws. It was amazing. Everyone cheered. The experience made me realize that if I can score baskets, I can do anything.‎ ‎ I'm not going to let my height get in the way of achieving my dreams. ‎ ‎1. In elementary school, the author _____. ‎ A. had many friends B. enjoyed herself at school C. was hurt by her classmates D. had a great time in the local park ‎2. Thanks to Nevaeh, the author learns _____. ‎ A. how to make friends B. to perform better at school C. the importance of friendship D. not to care much about her appearance ‎ ‎3. How do the author and Nevaeh react to unpleasant words now? ‎ A. In a funny way. B. In a pitiful way. ‎ C. In an angry way. D. In a violent way. ‎ ‎4. Through playing basketball, the author has become _____. ‎ A. more tolerant B. much smarter C. much healthier D. more confident ‎[B]‎ ‎ There's a new kind of bullying on the block. Rumors (谣言), threats, exclusion (排斥), and the lot have recently been accompanied by an equally dangerous but less overt (明显的) method of tearing other people down: body shame bullying.‎ ‎ Body shaming can affect anyone — regardless of gender or weight — and it's been observed as a growing trend appearing in school cafeterias.‎ ‎ So what does this mean exactly? Kids and teens are pressuring one another to skip lunch or eat much less food than they want. With judgmental looks and nasty comments, students intentionally make their schoolmates feel ashamed of how much they eat, leading some kids to go so far as to buy lunch and then throw it away.‎ ‎ In a recent survey of over 5,000 Canadian middle and high school students, researchers found that teens who reported being bullied were more likely to skip meals. The bullying took place online or in-person. As scientists have previously linked bullying with depression, anxiety, and ‎ eating disorders, it's not safe to brush off an occasional meal pass as an isolated incident; it's likely to become a repeated self-destructive behavior.‎ ‎ To help fight against this form of bullying, researchers suggest that schools prohibit students from hanging out in the cafeteria if they're not eating, requiring parent permission forms if a student wants to skip lunch, and simply asking students what they ate for lunch, which may encourage them to discuss the issue.‎ ‎5. Body shame bullying _____. ‎ A. mainly hurts young girls ‎ B. not only affects fat people C. is less dangerous than threats D. is a traditional kind of bullying ‎6. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word “nasty” in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Unfair. B. Brief.‎ C. Unkind. D. Helpful. ‎ ‎7. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about body shaming?‎ A. It can be very harmful. ‎ B. It always takes place in-person. ‎ C. It can be good for people's health. ‎ D. It doesn't always cause missed meals. ‎ ‎8. What is the last paragraph mainly about?‎ A. Different forms of bullying. ‎ B. A discussion about bullying. ‎ C. How to avoid body shame bullying. ‎ D. What parents should do to stop bullying. ‎ ‎[C]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Football players suffer more concussions (脑震荡) than athletes in any other high school sport. Is this beloved game worth the risks — or should schools do away with it?‎ ‎ YES: Football is a dangerous sport.‎ ‎ Football is a cruel sport that can have lifelong consequences! When your brain is bashed (猛撞) against your skull, it never fully recovers. In fact, scientists are learning that repeated concussions may lead to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and memory loss. We don't let teens ruin their lungs with cigarette smoke — so why do we allow them to damage their brains in the name of football?‎ ‎ Recently, Chris Borland, a promising young San Francisco 49ers player, quit after just one year, because of the risk to his health. That's a strong statement.‎ ‎ And just look at all the cases of violence in the NFL (National Football League) — clearly brain damage isn't the only problem! Football promotes a culture of violence that rewards aggressive behavior. This culture needs to be stopped. ‎ ‎ —Vikram Chandramouli, a seventh-grade student from Illinois ‎ NO: Banning football will not solve the problem.‎ ‎ I've seen field hockey (曲棍球) teammates get hit in the face with balls and struck in the head with sticks, so I know firsthand: Concussions do not discriminate among sports! Why take away one of the most popular pastimes, then? At many schools, football is the center of student life. Without it, there would be no school spirit.‎ ‎ I firmly believe that banning football will not solve the concussion problem. Bringing awareness to this issue — so that coaches and players understand how to prevent injuries and provide proper treatment if they occur — just might.‎ ‎ Sports safety needs to be taught at the beginning of each season, so students understand the risks of playing with symptoms of a brain injury. And that goes for all teams, not just football.‎ ‎ —Amanda Vigdor, a high school senior from New Jersey ‎9. Chris Borland is mentioned _____. ‎ A. to show how important football is B. because he is crazy about football C. to prove that football is too dangerous D. because he is suffering from many diseases ‎10. From Vikram's point of view, football _____. ‎ A. can ruin players' lungs completely B. is bad for the social environment C. has some advantages D. encourages smoking ‎11. What does the underlined part mean?‎ A. Brain damage can be caused by any sport.‎ B. Racial discrimination does not exist in sport.‎ C. Discrimination in sport can cause concussions.‎ D. Football encourages students to compete fairly.‎ ‎12. What does Amanda stress in the last paragraph?‎ A. The advantages of playing football. ‎ B. The importance of banning football.‎ C. The possibility of preventing injuries in sport. ‎ D. The necessity of teaching students sports safety.‎ ‎[D]‎ ‎ Love working with children? Looking for an exciting new opportunity? Want to work on a friendly, fun and supportive team? This is what our team member Anna says about working at My Crèche: ‎ ‎ “It's the nicest place I've ever worked. Everyone is so friendly and we have so much fun working together. They give me opportunities to learn new things every day. They care about my personal development. Working at My Crèche has enabled me to build relationships with the children as well as parents within the community which makes me feel so welcomed in the local area.”‎ ‎ Conveniently located in the heart of Crouch End, London, N8, My Crèche offers drop-in and pre-booked childcare for children aged 6 weeks to 5 years of age. We also provide after-school and breakfast clubs for children up to 8 years old. Our goal is to enable parents to pursue personal and professional activities when they need to, with total peace of mind knowing their children are being cared for in a safe and fun environment. ‎ ‎ We are looking for an enthusiastic and committed professional with excellent interpersonal skills, who is committed to ensuring the best outcomes and care for children. This is an excellent opportunity for a proactive individual to be a part of a fresh and progressive childcare concept and ‎ we welcome newly qualified professionals. We are a small and very supportive team with great training opportunities. ‎ ‎ The successful candidate will: ‎ ‎ • Have a certificate Level 3 in Childcare and Education.‎ ‎ • Have experience working with children. ‎ ‎ • Be an excellent communicator with strong people skills. ‎ ‎ • Be energetic and able to multi-task. ‎ ‎ Salary: £16,500 — £19,000 per year depending on experience and qualifications. ‎ ‎ Full time (flexible work available) and 28 days annual leave. ‎ ‎13. The author uses Anna's words mainly to _____. ‎ A. examine B. inform C. compare D. advertise ‎ ‎14. My Crèche provides service to _____. ‎ A. all children ‎ B. children older than five ‎ C. children under eight years old ‎ D. children from five to eight years old ‎ ‎15. What does a successful candidate need? ‎ A. A college degree. ‎ B. A language certificate Level 3.‎ C. Great skills in communicating with people. ‎ D. Years of working experience with children. ‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Cancers ‎ Cells in our bodies are always dividing, as new cells replace old ones. 16 Cancer cells divide rapidly and form growths called tumours (肿瘤). They can spread to take over a whole organ and stop it working properly. If cells break away from the tumour, they can travel to other parts of the body and start new tumours. ‎ ‎ We do not know why some people get cancer while others don't. But faulty genes are ‎ certainly the cause of some cancers. Others are caused by chemicals in the environment. ‎ Cancer is not a single disease. 17 The most common types affect the digestive system and lungs. In women, cancers of the breasts and cervix (子宫颈) are also common. ‎ ‎ Smoking is the cause of almost all cases of lung cancer. Tobacco smoke contains chemicals which can damage the lungs. The more cigarettes a person smokes, the greater their risk of suffering from lung cancer. 18 Cancers of the skin are also quite common. Many types of radiation, especially ultraviolet rays (紫外线) from the Sun, can damage skin cells and cause cancer. ‎ ‎ Most cancers can be treated successfully if they are caught early enough. Some treatments involve surgery to remove the tumour. This is often followed by a course of strong drugs. 19 They kill healthy cells as well as cancer cells. ‎ ‎ In the most up-to-date treatments, drugs are delivered directly to the cancer cells using “magic bullets”. These are special antibodies which only attach themselves to cancer cells. ‎ Similarly, radiotherapy (放射疗法) is a type of cancer treatment which uses radiation to kill cancer cells. A narrow beam (光线) of radiation is focused directly at a tumour. 20 ‎ A. Most skin cancers are completely curable.‎ B. And the healthy cells nearby are not damaged.‎ C. Many of these drugs have unpleasant side-effects.‎ D. An X-ray of the lungs shows the position of a tumour. ‎ E. Different cancers can affect almost any part of the body.‎ F. But sometimes the process goes wrong, and a cancer cell is formed.‎ G. Fortunately, the risk of getting cancer is reduced when someone stops smoking.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎ In middle school, I began volunteering. We'd assist teachers at daycares with poor kids or go shopping for 21 citizens. I loved how it felt to help those in need and see them 22 .‎ ‎ So as my bar mitzvah (犹太男孩的成人仪式) approached, I wanted to celebrate my “coming of age” by 23 in an even bigger way. But how was I going to do that?‎ ‎ I come from a middle-class family, 24 I knew that I couldn't just make a large donation. I had to be 25 . And in sixth grade, it 26 me. I thought: There must be other people like me. What if we all collaborated (合作)?‎ ‎ I decided to ask people to donate $2 each to a worthwhile 27 . To encourage people to 28 , I decided to record my own song and give the MP3 as a donation 29 . The song is called “Fight for a Cause”.‎ ‎ I also had to figure out which charity the donations would 30 . I decided to let the donors 31 for their favorite.‎ ‎ I 32 a Greek physicist named Archimedes, who once said, “Give me a lever (杠杆) 33 enough and a place to stand, and I can move the Earth.” So I named my organization the Archimedes Alliance. Pretty 34 , right?‎ ‎ Finally, in the summer before eighth grade, my bar mitzvah arrived. I gave a speech, and lots of people donated on the spot. I felt so 35 and excited.‎ ‎ Then I sent an e-mail to everyone I knew and who my parents knew, letting them know how to donate. I have to admit, I was seriously 36 . Few people donated and even fewer passed along my 37 . I realized: This is going to be way 38 than I thought. But I was 39 . So I kept sending e-mails and talking about my project to 40 the message.‎ ‎ The Archimedes Alliance eventually raised $40,101.60, which we donated to the charity that got the most votes. ‎ ‎21. A. lazy B. Senior C. great D. smart ‎22. A. smile B. work C. help D. cry ‎23. A. giving up B. giving in ‎ C. giving out D. giving back ‎24. A. but B. unless C. so D. until ‎25. A. creative B. brave C. generous D. greedy ‎26. A. hurt B. hit C. kicked D. knocked ‎27. A. person B. Hospital C. charity D. school ‎28. A. buy B. make C. choose D. donate ‎29. A. result B. fact C. example D. gift ‎30. A. protect B. disturb C. benefit D. challenge ‎31. A. vote B. fight C. care D. cheer ‎32. A. remembered B. changed C. thanked D. recognized ‎33. A. cheap B. heavy C. long D. soft ‎34. A. honest B. terrible C. wrong D. awesome ‎35. A. tired B. proud C. bored D. curious ‎36. A. pleasant B. guilty C. confident D. disappointed ‎37. A. postcard B. story C. song D. message ‎38. A. bigger B. better C. harder D. further ‎39. A. determined B. kind C. careful D. worried ‎40. A. write B. spread C. read D. use 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Colour plays a big part 41. ________ everything we do. We use it both as a marker of identity and a way of 42. ________ (express) our individuality (个性) through decoration. And we use different colours 43. ________ (send) out very different messages.‎ ‎ IDENTITY ‎ People need a sense of group identity. From the colourful traditional dress of a schoolboy, other people in Peru know 44. ________ he comes from the Quechua community. We wear uniforms at school and work, and we dress in our favourite sports team colours to say 45. ________ same thing — we belong to this group.‎ ‎ DECORATION ‎ ‎ Face-painting is an important part of many 46. ________ (celebrate), and these days people are starting to experiment with brightly coloured synthetic (合成的) paints as well as traditional colours. In fashion-conscious Europe, the “in” colour 47. ________ (change) every season. This autumn, for example, women are wearing shades of purple and lilac.‎ ‎ MESSAGES ‎ ‎ Marketing experts understand the power of colour very well. Goods in eye-catching colours stand 48. ________ on the supermarket shelf. And companies always select the colour of their brand very 49. ________ (careful) — a calm blue for a bank 50. ________ you can trust, dark ‎ green says quality, or brown and green means eco-friendliness.‎ 第三部分：写作（本次考试只考第一节改错）‎ 第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ Cities, whether big and small, should be clean. Only when we live in a clean city we live a happy life. As we know, a clean city, that disease may be reduced and people's health may be better, are good both to our mind and body. No one believes people lived in a dirty city with waste everywhere can live happy. However, for more and more people moving into cities, it is not easy to keep our city clean. Beside, some factories still pour out waste into the air, river and onto the ground, making it is hard to keep our city clean. To make our city the better place to live in, we still have a lot to do.‎ 参考答案 ‎1-5 CDADB 6-10 CACCB ‎11-15 ADDCC 16-20 FEGCB 21-25 BADCA ‎26-30 BCDDC 31-35 AACDB 36-40 DDCAB ‎41. in 42. expressing 43. to send ‎ ‎44. that 45. the 46. celebrations ‎47. changes 48. out 49. carefully ‎ ‎50. that / which 短文改错：‎ ‎51. ... big and small ... and → or ‎52. ... we live a happy life. we前加can / will ‎53. ... that disease may ... that → where ‎54. ... are good both to ... are → is ‎55. ... people lived in a dirty ... lived → living ‎56. ... can live happy. happy → happily ‎57. ... for more and more ... for → with ‎58. Beside, some factories ... Beside → Besides ‎59. ... making it is hard ... 去掉is ‎ ‎60. ... the better place to ... the → a