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高一英语教案:第19讲 综合复习与检测(1)
辅导教案 学员姓名: 学科教师: 年 级:高一 辅导科目: 授课日期 ××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 综合复习与检测(1) 教学内容 本次课的重点、难点,需要掌握的方法技巧 1.掌握非谓语题的解题总方法与思路 2.能在具体语境中用非谓语正确形式填空。 此环节设计时间在15分钟。 教学建议: 1. 老师讲述下面设定的故事情节,然后问学生“帅不能当饭吃”用英语如何表达? 2. 对比学生之间表达,老师评出最准确地道的一个; 3. 对“帅不能当饭吃”地道的表达进行学习。 有时候和妈妈辈的人讨论男生,在你一脸花痴地说“那个男生长得很帅”时,妈妈们往往会冷冷来一句,帅又不能当饭吃。那么,老外会怎么表达“帅不能当饭吃”呢? 我们先来看看中国人怎么用英语表达这句话: 1. Pretty face can not feed you. 2. Appearance can't make money./Good look is not a credit card./Being pretty can't help you pay the bill. 3. You cannot count on your appearance to do everything./Being handsome is not everything! 上面的几个说法都可以接受,起码能让老外明白我们的意思,但是真正地道的说法是什么呢?其实可以用一个词组来表达:charm one's way through life。 那么“帅又不能当饭吃”的地道说法就是:You can't charm your way through life。 或者也可以说: You can't take too much advantage of your beauty。 、、、 此环节教案预期时间60分钟 教学建议: 此部分内容建议老师采取优先选择的方法,每个学生选择2个知识点,用以教代学的形式对相关的重点进行概括总结,并对相应的练习题进行讲解,老师进行补充和完善。 非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点 一.非谓语题的解题总方法与思路: 1. 先看四个答案:如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。 2. 看符号:中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号(有时中间没有逗号); 3. 看有没有连接词(引导词)。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。 4. 定语态:如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving 形式;如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),那么答案一般用Ved形式。 5. 定时态:如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式(to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done),否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(to do / to be done / doing / being done / done)。 Eg. 1._________ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed. A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. To be scolded D. Scolding 【答案:B】 二.非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点: 一).使用非谓动词的语言结构。 v 在“句子, and/or/but +句子” 的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语。 1.______hard and you will succeed in the exam. 2.______hard or you will fail in the exam. A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied 【答案:AA】 v 在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语: 1. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【答案:C】 v 在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语: 1. _________with children, I know what is needed most. A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work 【答案:B】 v 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词: 1. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house. A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping 【答案:D】 2. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool. A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut 【答案:B】 v 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时,也可能用非谓语动词。 1. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy. 2. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 【答案:A B】 3. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him. A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put 【答案:B】 二). 非谓语动词考点易错点: v 1) 表面上考分词,实际上考形容词的情况: 1.__________ , he fell asleep quickly. A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 【答案:C】 2.The man won a big prize, __________and ________. A. surprised ; happy B. surprising ; happy C. surprised ; pleasant D. surprising ; pleased 【答案:A】 3. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in. A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. Having lost 【答案:B】 4. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. To interest 【答案:C】 v 2) 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题: 1. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like a angel. A. Worn B. wear C. dressed in D. dressing 【答案:C】 解析:(wear的后面加衣服;dress表示动作时,后面要加人而不加衣;be dressed in是固定搭配,其中的dressed已经演变成形容词,本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt省略而来的。) 2. _______ in a armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips. A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated 【答案:D】 (Sit是动词,这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时,其后不加凳子,要加人,而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义。) v 3) 在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题: 1.________ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor. A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking 【答案:D】 (look在本题中不是实意动词,而是感观系动词,系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动。) 2. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time. A. remain; unsettled B. remaining; unsettled C. remained ; unsettling D. remained; unsettling 【答案:B】 (用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语,不是句子,因此用非谓语,而remain表示“仍然;仍然是”时是系动词,只能用主动形式;problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系,所以用过去分词unsettled.) 3. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film. A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D . washing 【答案: A】 (宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词;虽然衣服应该是被洗,但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时,我们用主动形式表被动。) 4. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school. A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written 【答案 :B】 解析:动词如果不是表示动作,而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时,往往用主动形式表示被动。 v 4)从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题: 逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致,有时逻辑主语不一致。逻辑主语不一致时,非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语,这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。” 1. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man. A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 【答案:C】 解析:空格处的动词本身没有带主语,那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语,由于the mountain与see是动宾关系,所以我们选用过去分词。 2. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting 【答案:C】 解析:permit与I没有主谓关系,也没有动宾关系,permit自带了逻辑主语time(“时间允许的话”),而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词的独立结构。 三) 注意的几点: 1) 有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。 1. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 2. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in. A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. Face 1.【答案C】 2.【答案B】 解析:1题中的face是一个动词,由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系,我们用现在分词形式,;2题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配,其中的faced看成形容词。 3. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis. 4. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis. A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim 3.【答案B】 4.【答案C】 解析:3题考查了动词aim to do sth.(旨在做某事),;4题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. (旨在做某事其中的aimed看成形容词} 5. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university. 6. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university. 7. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university. A. lack B. lacking C. lacked D. to lack 【5选B、6选B、7选A】 解析:5题中非谓语动词lacking(与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系);6题中考查了固定搭配:be lacking in(“缺少”),其中的lacking 为形容词;7题考查了固定搭配(介宾结构)in lack of(“缺少”),其中的lack是名词,这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的 2) 作结果状语时,doing与(only)to do的区别。 表示结果状语时,现在分词(v+ing)表示意料之中的结果;而不定式(to do/ only to do)表示意料之外的结果: 1.His parents were killed in the accident,(thus )_______ him an orphan. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave 选B 解析:他父母出了事故,他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了,用现在分词表结果状语。 2.I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 选D 解析:发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果,说明我忘记了,如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了。用不定式表意料之外的的结果。 1) 作主语时,非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别。 1._________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 选B 解析:不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作,多次散步才会有利于健康。 2) 演变成了介词或连词的分词。 英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯。 2. ___________her age,she looks quite young. A.Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering 选D 解析:题意是:“就她的年龄而论,她显得十分年轻。”这里的considering表示“考虑到;鉴于”,它已经变成了介词,不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering。 高中阶段我们还学过的有: 介词 concerning regarding according to including owing to 关于 关于 根据;按照 包括 因为;由于 连词 given supposing seeing (that) imaging providing/provided 鉴于 假如 因为;既然 假如 假如 3) 有些非谓语动词是省略而来的,有些则不是。 1. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. A. Be scolded B. Scolded C. Scolding D. To scold 【选B】 解析:scold与the girl是动宾关系,因此用过去分词作原因状语;其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的。原句为:Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致,且谓语动词里有be 动词时,可以把 “连词+主语+be” 部分省略。 2. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. A. Studying B. Having studied C. Having been studied D. To study 【选B】 解析:逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来,由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系,加上study在先(有5年了),被 叫做“专家”在后,所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式. 1) “连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。 1. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.(give的恰当形式填空)。 2. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.(do的恰当形式填空) 解析:1given 是由if I had been given another hour省略来的,if 在省略前省略后都是连词;2.doing 是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的,while在省略前后都是连词 3. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.(graduate的恰当形式填空) 4. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.(select的恰当形式填空) 解析:3. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词,所以后面总是用动名词,如果改为after he graduated,那么这个after就变成了连词。4题中的before用法与after 一样,后面加句子时,是连词,后面只加一个动词时,要用动名词形式,并充当介词。所以4填selecting 此环节教案预期时间20(练题)+15(互动讲解)分钟。 教学建议: 1. 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成; 2. 相互交换批改,表扬正确率最高的学生; 3. 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题; 4. 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。 1.根据动词形式填空 1.The students, _________ (surprise)at the way the questions were put, didn't know the answers to them. 2. Prices of daily goods ________(buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices. 3. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, __ _ (consider) insufficiently popular with all members. 4.________(separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (杨浦区) 5. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, _____(hope) to change it into a door. 6. Don’t let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _____( ruin) the happiness of your present. 7. Always remember to get every bit of criticism _____ ( sandwich) between two thick layers of praise. 8. To avoid _____ (lay) off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit the company. (浦东新区) 9. The latest research _______ (undertake) shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking tool among Chinese netizens. 10. _______ (set) our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may waste our lifetime. 11. The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _______ ( promote) the volunteer industry. 12. _______ (make) several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted. Keys: surprised, bought, being considered, Having been separated, hoping, ruin, sandwiched, being laid, undertaken, Setting, to promote, Having made 2.用分词翻译下列句子。 1.一个人在家时,她感到害怕,整晚开着灯。(have) 2. 一旦出版,这本书将引起许多争论(argument)。(once) 3. 天气允许的话,明天我们就出发。(permit) 4. 他的话语不禁使我思考我的目标是什么。(leave) 5. 不知道他的电话号码,我无法和他取得联系。(touch) 6. 当发现店主在欺骗我时,我马上走出了商店。(catch) 7.从山顶上看,这个城市真美。(See) Keys: 1.Being alone at home, she felt so frightened that she had the lights burning all the night. 2.Once printed, this book will cause a lot of arguments. 3.Weather permitting, we are going to set out tomorrow. 4.His words left me wondering what my aim was. 5.Not knowing his phone number, I can’t get in touch with him. 6.When I caught the shop owner cheating me, I went out of the shop at once. 7.Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks nice. 3.语篇练习。 Students from Shanghai are the best in math, reading and science in the world, according to a global survey released____25____ Dec3,CNN reported. More than half a million students____26___(ask) to sit a two-hour exam last year. They were aged 15 and 16 and from 65 different countries and regions. In all three subjects, students from Shanghai did ___27___(well) than __28__ from other places. Their scores suggested that they ___29___(have) at least one more year of schooling than their peers(同龄人) in other countries, according to the survey. Singapore came in second, ___30___Hong Kong took third place. Taiwan ranked fourth, followed by South Korea. The UK took the 26th spot, with the US ___31___(earn)36th. The findings are part of the 2012 Program for International Student Assessment. It is a leading survey of education systems___32____(conduct) every three years by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Keys: on were asked better those had had and earning conducted 此环节设计时间在10分钟内 (以学生自我总结为主,TR根据教案中的总结进行引导为辅,为本次课做一个总结回顾;总结方式可以多种多样,如画思维导图、默想回忆、抢答形式等。教案中给到重难点/易错点等的总结条目。) 1. 教学建议: 1. 规定学生在20分钟内完成; 2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记; 3.下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生; 4.让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题,老师进行补充; 5.老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。 一. 用括号里词的正确形式填空。 1. The students, _________ (surprise)at the way the questions were put, didn't know the answers to them. 2. Prices of daily goods ________(buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices. 3. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, __ _ (considere) insufficiently popular with all members. 4.________(separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 5. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, _____(hope) to change it into a door. 6. Don’t let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _____( ruin) the happiness of your present. 7. Always remember to get every bit of criticism _____ ( sandwich) between two thick layers of praise. 8. To avoid _____ (lay) off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit the company. 9. The latest research _______ (undertake) shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking tool among Chinese netizens. 10. _______ (set) our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may waste our lifetime. 11. The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _______ ( promote) the volunteer industry. 12. _______ (make) several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted. Keys: surprised bought being considered Having been separated hoping ruin sandwiched being laid undertaken Setting to promote Having made 二.阅读理解 (A) Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, not least because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the "Car of the Future". They featured unconventional styling and things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don't steer it carefully. But guess what? All of these things are subject to change in the not-so-distant future. It will still go and stop, but it may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things. Airbags aren't the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes, they obviously still need some development. But they aren't going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer. Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place? Future cars may be able to eliminate many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, tailgating (与前车距离过近) and sleepiness. Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver's system and prevent the car from being started, for example. Many accidents are caused by people following the car in front too closely. As early as next year, you'll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you're closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle (油门). Scientists are now working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? 1. The author was fascinated by cars because . A. other small boys liked to own a car of their own, too. B. he read unconventional things about cars in his brother's magazines. C. his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car. D. he subscribed to cool car magazines. 2. By saying "my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn’t do", the author means that_____. A. my car is far better than my brother's B. my car is not as good as my brother's C. much improvement has been made in the design of cars recently D. not much has changed in the performance of cars so far 3. Which of the following statements is true of airbags? A. They are going to disappear gradually. B. They are in need of further improvement. C. They are a standard feature of European cars. D. They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed collisions. 4. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver's system? A. They will give a warning in advance. B. They will brake automatically. C. They will not start. D. They will ease up on the throttle. (B) Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English. Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need. Global English Center *General English in all four skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. *3-month (700 yuan), 6-month (1,200 yuan) and one-year (2,000 yuan) courses. *Choice of morning or evening classes,3 hours per day, Mon-Fri. *Experienced college English teachers. *Close to city center and bus stops. Tel: 67705272 Add: 105 Zhongshan Road, 100082 Modem Language School *Special courses in English for business, travel, banking.hotel management and office skills. *Small classes (12-16 students) on Sat. & Sun. from 2:00-5:00 p. m. *Native English teachers from Canada and USA. *Language lab and computers supplied. *3-month course:1,050 yuan; 6-month course:1,850 yuan. Write or phone; Modem Language School, 675 Park Road. 100056 Tel: 67353019 The 21 st Century English Training Centre *We specialize in effective (卓有成效的) teaching at all levels. *We offer morning or afternoon classes.both three months and a half at a cost of 800 yuan. *We also have a six-week TOEFL preparation class during winter and summer holidays. *Entrance exams: June 1 and Dec.1. *Only 15-minute walk from city center. Call 67801642 for more information The International House of English *Three/Six-month English courses for students of all levels at very low cost:60 yuan for 12 hours per week;convenient (方便的) class hours: 9:00-12:00 a. m. and 2:00-5:00 p.m. *A four-month evening programmer for developing speaking skills (same cost as day classes). *Free sightseeing and social activities (活动). *Very close to the Central Park. For further information call 67432308 1. You work from 9:00 a. m. to 4:30 p. m. every day. Which school will you choose? A. The 21st Century and the International House. B. Global English Center and Modem Language School. C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century. D. Global English Center and the International House. 2. The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that _____. A. its teaching quality is better B. it requires an entrance examination C. its courses are more advanced D. it is nearest to the city center 3. You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it . A. offers sightseeing and social activities at low prices. B. costs less than other schools. C. has a special course in spoken English. D. has native English teachers. 4. If you take the evening programmed at the International House, you will pay about _____. A. 60 yuan B. 240 yuan C. 720 yuan D. 960 yuan Keys: A: 1-4 BDBA B: 1-4 ABCD查看更多