专题09非谓语动词（高考押题）-2017年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

专题09非谓语动词（高考押题）-2017年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

专题09非谓语动词（高考押题）‎ ‎2017年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 一、单句填空 ‎1．Inside，though，the place was practically empty—there was just one couple，________(sit)at a table near the window.‎ ‎1．sitting　句意：然而，室内实际上很空荡，只有一对夫妇坐在窗子边的桌子。描述前面one couple所发生的动作行为，用动词的现在分词。‎ ‎2． These clubs give you the opportunity ________(play)a sport you love or learn a sport that is new to you.‎ ‎2．to play　句意：这些俱乐部给你机会去进行你所喜欢的运动或学习你还不熟悉的运动。opportunity后接动词不定式作定语，表示“做……的机会”。‎ ‎3．In these cases，club members have to work hard to organize fundraisers and collect money to keep their sports ________(go)．‎ ‎3．going　句意：这些情况下，俱乐部成员不得不努力组织募捐活动和筹集资金保证运动会的进行。keep doing“一直做……”。‎ ‎4．He saw the stone，________(say)to himself...‎ ‎4．saying　句意：他看着那块石头，心想：……。根据句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词形式，he和say是主动关系，须用现在分词。‎ ‎5．By chance Elizabeth saw Darcy's and Wickham's faces at the moment when they caught sight of each other，and she was ________(astonish)at the effect of the meeting.‎ ‎5．astonished　句意： 就在他们互相见面的时候，伊丽莎白碰巧看见了达西和威克姆的脸；她对会面的结果很吃惊。根据句意可知，表示人的心理状态，astonish用过去分词形式。‎ ‎6．We should try every effort ________(prevent) violence happening at school，....‎ ‎6．to prevent　句意：我们应该竭尽全力来防止校园暴力的发生……。try every effort“尽一切努力”，后面接不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎7．They can choose ________(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways.‎ ‎7．to live　句意：他们可以选择生活在多种环境中，以不同的方式生活。choose后跟动词不定式作宾语，choose to do sth.“选择做某事”。‎ ‎8．As usual，I had to leave a message，fully ________(expect) to hear from him later that ‎ evening or the next day.‎ ‎8．expecting　句意：通常，我需要留个言，热切希望能在那天晚上晚些时候或是第二天收到他的来信。逗号前是完整的句子，所以动词expect在此应该用非谓语动词形式；其逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且二者之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎9．Halfway through his talk，the speaker stopped and decided ________(create) a group activity.‎ ‎9．to create　句意：在他的讲话到一半的时候，演讲者停了下来，决定搞一个集体活动。decide后跟动词不定式作宾语，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。‎ ‎10．Before leaving，we spent half an hour ________(play) with the students there.‎ ‎10．playing　句意：在离开之前我们花了半个小时的时间和那儿的学生们一起玩。spend...(in)doing sth.“花费……做某事”。‎ ‎11．I was surprised ________(see) you're taking this class.‎ ‎11．to see　句意：看到你也在上这个课我很惊讶。be surprised to do sth.“做某事很惊讶”。‎ ‎12．I opened the door and saw him ________(stand) there and I didn't believe my eyes at first.‎ ‎12．standing　句意：我打开门，看到他站在那里。我一开始都不敢相信自己的眼睛。see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。‎ ‎3．If ________(accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.‎ 答案：accepted　accept与主语you构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。句意：如果你被录用了，我们会很快通知你。学科&网 ‎4． ________(absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.‎ 答案：Absorbed　动词absorb有“使专心”之意，常见短语be absorbed in，所以用过去分词作原因状语。‎ ‎5． ________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.‎ 答案：Having worked　该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。‎ ‎6．After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.‎ ‎ 7．Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take) good care of at home.‎ 答案：taken　分析结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。学科&网 ‎8．Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another.‎ 答案：being performed　由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。‎ ‎9．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.‎ 答案：wondering　句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎10．Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________(talk) over what is bothering them.‎ 答案：to talk　talk over讨论。分析句子结构可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。‎ ‎11．Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way ______(use) the sun and the stars.‎ ‎ 12．________(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.‎ 答案：To learn　由语境可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。‎ ‎13．In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，________(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．‎ 答案：combining　由语境可知，infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系，故要用doing作状语。句意：近几年，一个英语单词infosphere出现了，它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。‎ ‎14．Much time________(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.‎ 答案：spent　本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系，故填spent。句意：因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁，办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。‎ ‎15．When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough________(cool) the house during the hot day.‎ 答案：to cool　句意为：当新的一天到来时，这些墙已经释放完它们的热量，现在冷得足够能让房子在炎热的白天保持凉爽。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处应用不定式作结果状语，be adj. enough to do sth.为固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．Even when it comes to shake hands, ladies come first.‎ 答案：shake改为shaking　在when it comes to...句型中，to为介词，所以要用动名词作to的宾语。‎ ‎2．The express company will get allthese goods received delivering to the customers today.‎ 答案：delivering改为delivered　句意为：快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语these goods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，即these goods为deliver动作的承受者，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语，此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎3．It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.‎ 答案：understanding改为understand　It's difficult to do sth.意为“做某事是困难的”，其中to为动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。‎ ‎4．I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York.‎ 答案：locating改为located　句意为：我和我的两个朋友一起，正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be) located in...为固定用法，意为“坐落于……”。故将locating改为located。学科&网 ‎5．We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together.‎ ‎ 6．But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ‎ ourselves.‎ 答案：raising改为raised　句意：但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知，“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”，故应用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎7．The ability express one's idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one's college.‎ 答案：express前加to　句意为：一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。‎ ‎8．The office of the Students' Union will contact the choosing candidates for an interview in a few days.‎ 答案：choosing改为chosen　句意为：几天后，学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”，表示被动和完成，所以用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎9．Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind.‎ 答案：Travel改为Travelling　 作句子的主语，表示事实，用动名词。动词原形不能作句子的主语。‎ ‎10． They couldn't help say that their son had grown up.‎ 答案：say改为saying　can't help doing“禁不住做某事”，是固定短语。‎ 三、语法填空 Once upon a time，there was a gang of evil goblins(小妖精) who lived in a forest.They spent a lot of their time __1__(make) fun of a poor old man who could now hardly move，see，or hear.They showed no respect for his age.‎ The situation became so extreme that Great Wizard decided __2__(teach) the goblins a lesson.He cast a spell，and from that moment，every insult __3__(direct) at the old man made the old man better，but had the opposite effect __4__ the goblin who was doing the insulting.Of course，the goblins knew nothing about __5__ was happening.The more they called the man an “old fool”，the __6__(young) of mind he became，while the goblin __7__ had shouted at him aged rapidly，and became a little more foolish.‎ As time went on，those evil goblins were becoming terribly old，ugly，stupid，and clumsy without even __8__(realize) it.Finally，the Great Wizard allowed the goblins __9__(see) themselves，and __10__(surprise) they saw that they had turned into the disgusting creatures.‎ ‎1．making　spend time(in)doing...“花时间做……”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎2．to teach　decide后跟动词不定式作宾语。‎ ‎3．directed　insult与direct是被动关系，故填过去分词作定语。‎ ‎4．on　have effect on...“对……有影响”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎5．what　要填的词是宾语从句的引导词，而且在从句中作主语，指事物，所以填what。‎ ‎9．to see　allow后用带to的不定式作补足语，allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。‎ ‎10．surprisingly　作句子状语，意为“使人吃惊地；出人意料地”，故填副词surprisingly。‎ 四/短文改错 Last month my brother and I visited Nanjing and we stay at the Central Hotel for a week.It is in the center of the city，but it is easy go to anywhere from the hotel by bus.‎ We lived in comfortable doubleroom with a big bath.That I liked best was the free highspeed Internet connection in the room.I checked many email message every day.I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Nanjing.The food was wonderfully with reasonable prices and we enjoyed several local dishes.‎ It is such a great hotel that I'll recommend it to any friend of mine gone to Nanjing.‎ Last month my brother and I visited Nanjing and we at the Central Hotel for a week.It is in the center of the city， it is easygo anywhere from the hotel by bus.‎ We lived incomfortable doubleroom with a big bath. I liked best was the free highspeed Internet connection in the room.I checked many email every day. I also shared my friends many photos in Nanjing.The food was with reasonable prices and we enjoyed several local dishes.‎ It is such a great hotel that I'll recommend it to any friend of mine to Nanjing.‎ ‎1．根据时间状语last month判断此处应用一般过去时。‎ ‎2．根据上下文可知前后名为并列关系，而非转折关系。‎ ‎3．根据句子结构可知，此处用不定式作句子的真正主语，动词go前加to构成不定式。‎ ‎4．doubleroom是可数名词，前面无限定词，根据语意应加a。‎ ‎5．主语从句中缺少liked的宾语，故应用What。‎ ‎9．was后应用形容词作表语。‎ ‎10．根据句子结构可知，此处需用非谓语动词修饰名词friend；再分析句意可知，此处泛指去南京的朋友，须用动词的现在分词形式。‎