2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案（16页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案（16页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit3Inventors and inventions单元学案 单元基础词汇语法回顾 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The only way not to fall down into the valley is to ________(抓住) the big branch.‎ ‎2．You shouldn't ________(联系) the unemployment with the current economic situation.‎ ‎3．Your idea of not publishing a new version of your novel is very ________(实际的)．‎ ‎4．To my joy，the quality of our new refrigerator is very ________(可靠的)．‎ ‎5．________(突然地)，the straw in his yard caught fire.‎ ‎6．It was hard to ________(辨别)one twin from the other.‎ ‎7．He ate a light lunch in ________(期望)of a good dinner.‎ ‎8．My secretary will call you to arrange a ________(方便的)time to meet.‎ ‎9．Dad always drives with ________(小心)although he has driven for more than 30 years.‎ ‎10．The patient was afraid she wouldn't be able to ________(忍受)the pain.‎ 答案 ‎1．seize　2.associate　3.practical　4.stable　5.Abruptly ‎6．distinguish　7.expectation　8.convenient　9.caution ‎10．bear Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Dr. Fleming's ________ (discover) of penicillin occurred in 1928.‎ ‎2．The number of tigers has reduced ________ (abrupt) in the last fifty years.‎ ‎3．He is a young artist with great ________ (expect)．‎ ‎4．I'd like to place things where it is ________ (convenience) to get them.‎ ‎5．His ________ (apply) to the court for bail (保释) has been refused.‎ ‎6．We cannot emphasize too much the ________ (important) of learning English.‎ ‎7．The paper seems to me of no ________ (practice) importance.‎ ‎8．He took measures to make up his fault, which received our ________ (recognize)．‎ ‎9．It is so cold and ______ (freeze) that we have to stay at home.‎ ‎10．Each unit leader needed a flag, or colour, to be easily seen for ________ (identity) during a battle.‎ ‎11. ________ we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.‎ ‎12．My sister succeeded in ________ (apply) for a ‎ patent.‎ ‎13．She suggested we ________ (set) aside some time to take exercise.‎ ‎14．It was the beauty of nature ________ attracted us.‎ ‎15．Her father will never approve ________ her marrying such a lazy fellow.‎ ‎16．Follow my advice, and you ________ (make) great progress.‎ ‎17．Her room was in ________ mess as ________ matter of fact.‎ ‎18．It was not until five days ago ________ I received her letter.‎ ‎19．While ________ (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over.‎ ‎20．The telephone was out ________ order, so I couldn't get ________ .‎ 答案 ‎1．discovery　2.abruptly　3.expectation　4.convenient ‎5．application　6.importance　7.practical　8.recognition ‎9．freezing　10.identification　11.Whether　12.applying ‎13．(should) set　14.that　15.of　16.will make ‎17．a; a　18.that　19.crossing　20.of; through Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguished right from wrong.________‎ ‎2．Forgetting the past, leaving the sadness behind, and you'll see the door of a new bright world open before you.________‎ ‎3．The sound of seagulls called on happy memories of his childhood holidays.________‎ ‎4．The telephone is out of the order; therefore, we cannot get in touch with the boss.________‎ ‎5．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some for case.________‎ ‎6．Can you tell me how to make myself understand better in my broken English？________‎ 答案 ‎1．distinguished改为distinguishing　2.Forgetting改为Forget ‎3．on改为up　4.去掉order前的the　5.for改为in ‎6．understand改为understood Ⅳ.语法填空 ‎(2017年皖南八校高三联考)‎ Getting fit no longer __1__ (require) a pencilandpaper workout plan or a food diary. If you're looking for some new and __2__ (create) ways to improve your health, try Fit Time.‎ It's like your personal trainer. After __3__ (get) all the information it needs—your height, weight, age, and exercise habits—it gives you a customized training course, __4__ asks you to work out four times a week for about two __5__ (month).‎ ‎ The exercises focus __6__ a different part of your body every day. For instance, on Monday, you do pushups (俯卧撑) to build up your arms, and on Tuesday, you build up __7__ (strong) in your legs by doing deep knee bends. __8__ exercise plan changes as time goes by.‎ The best part of this app is that everyone can share __9__ (they) workout results and follow their training. It is a great way for you and your friends __10__ (encourage) each other to build strong bodies.‎ 答案 ‎1．requires　2.creative　3.getting　4.which　5.months ‎6．on　7.strength　8.The　9.their　10.to encourage Ⅴ.短文改错 Good morning, everyone. It's great honor for me to speak here. My name's Li Xiaojun, born in a harmonious family. My father and mother are all high school teachers. Influenced by them, I read widely during my early age, but I've developed a great interest in arts and sports. I'm easygoing, get along well with my classmates.‎ It is this personality which helps me win over all my classmates' friendships, and also help me overcome many difficulties both in academic and personal life. Being admitted in your university has always been a beautiful dream for me. I dream constantly that I, along with mine classmates, will study happy with the help of the respectable professors. I dream that ‎ I will swim freely in the sea, enjoying the waves of knowledge.‎ I hope all my dream will come true in the near future. Thank you.‎ 答案 Good morning, everyone. It's great honor for me to speak here. My name's Li Xiaojun, born in a harmonious family. My father and mother are high school teachers. Influenced by them, I read widely during my early age, I've developed a great interest in arts and sports. I'm easygoing, along well with my classmates.‎ It is this personality helps me win over all my classmates' friendships, and also me overcome many difficulties both in academic and personal life. Being admitted your university has always been a beautiful dream for me. I dream constantly that I, along with classmates, will study with the help of the respectable professors. I dream that I will swim freely in the sea, enjoying the waves of knowledge.‎ I hope all my will come true in the near future. Thank ‎ you.‎ 单元能力训练与技巧指导 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Last Saturday，my 8yearold son，Chase，and I were shopping in a supermarket.Chase was busy weighing each new bag of vegetables I collected.I handed him a bag of tomatoes and he walked over to the scale and waited patiently in line.Suddenly，an old man walked up behind Chase，and stepped before him，bumping Chase out of the way.Chase looked shocked and scared.Seeing this I left my shopping cart and walked over to Chase, saying loudly，“Are you all right，honey？I saw what that man did to you.That was very, very wrong.‎ When the man finished weighing his bag，he turned around too quickly and all of his onions spilled out of his bag and onto the dirty floor.The three of us froze for a moment.Then I got down on my hands and knees and started collecting onions while the old man accepted them from my hands and put them back into his bag.After Chase and I retrieved all the onions, the old man walked away.We didn't discuss the event until we got back in the car.‎ On the way home，Chase said through tears，“Mommy, I've a frustrating day.That man cut right in front of me.And we had to help him pick up his onions！Why did we do that？That didn't make any sense.”‎ I took a deep breath and said，“Chase, that man seemed to have a very bad mood today.We should forgive him.I was also angry with that man for treating you rudely.I really wanted to kick him.But doing that doesn't make any sense.If we hadn't helped that old man，we might have felt good for a moment，but then I bet we would have felt really sorry for a long time.You and I have a lot of love to share.Maybe that man doesn't have much.People who behave badly still need love.”‎ A cheerful smile appeared on Chase's face.It was a smile of a promise kept.It was the best smile I had ever seen.God，it was a good moment.It may have been my best mommy moment ever.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和儿子在超市购物时的一次不愉快的经历，教育自己的儿子为人处世要大度。‎ ‎1．What did the old man do?‎ A．He jumped the queue.‎ B．He hit Chase on the head.‎ C．He hurried away without paying.‎ D．He ran into Chase suddenly.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Suddenly，an old man walked up behind Chase，and stepped before him，bumping Chase out of the way.”可知那个老人在插队，故答案为A项。‎ 答案：A ‎2．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The author was not angry at all with what the old man had done.‎ B．The old man was very sorry for what he had done to Chase.‎ C．At last，Chase learned a valuable life lesson from the event.‎ D．Chase didn't help the author pick up spilled onions for the old man.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段作者对儿子的教诲及最后一段中“A cheerful smile appeared on Chase's face.”可知答案为C项。根据倒数第二段中“I was also angry with that man for treating you rudely.”可排除A项；根据第二段中“After Chase and I retrieved all the onions，the old man walked away.”可排除B、D两项。‎ 答案：C ‎3．Which of the following words can best describe the author?‎ A．Narrowminded.　　 B．Broadminded.‎ C．Strongwilled. D．Badtempered.‎ 解析：推理判断题。那个老人对待作者儿子的方式很粗鲁，可作者在他需要帮助时还是帮助了他，由此可见作者很大度，故答案为B项。‎ 答案：B B My daughter went to see The Wild One recently and she commented that Marlon Brando was wearing jeans so long ago.Of course he helped set the trend，so that got me thinking about the link between films and trends in fashion.Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long.The Wild One is a good example: ‎ it appeared in 1954，starring Brando.Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket，leather cap and jeans，he created a look which is still considered “cool” today.Everyone from Madonna to a middle-aged man is seen wearing the classic leather motorcycle jacket.‎ Another strong influence on fashion trends was Breakfast at Tiffany's，starring Audrey Hepburn.She made famous the simple black dress that looks perfect at either a cocktail party or just standing around an expensive department store like Tiffany's with a pastry and coffee in your hand，as Audrey Hepburn does in the film.She looks so elegant，wearing simple but beautiful dresses，big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck.Audrey Hepburn still influences women's fashion with her “Tiffany's look”．‎ In more modern times，the film star Uma Thurman created a major fashion trend when she appeared in the film Pulp Fiction，made in 1994.Her style was very simple.Her black trousers，crisp white shirt and hairstyle were copied by women in the world.‎ Influencing fashion trends can often be about timing.The movie Memoirs of a Geisha came just in time to start a trend in Japanese fashion.It starred the Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi，who wore beautiful silk kimonos (和服)，and it won an Oscar for Costume Design.Many travel companies picked up on the trend and ran “geisha trips” to Japan.The film has also led to a regained interest in kimonos.It is now quite common to see young Japanese ‎ women wearing kimonos not just on traditional occasions，but at various social events.The fashion is also beginning to spread to western countries.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。‎ ‎4．What is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Films and fashion B．Stars' fashion C．Influential films D．Film cultures 解析：标题归纳题。第一段的第三句“Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long.”开篇点题，结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。‎ 答案：A ‎5．Who will people associate Madonna wearing the leather motorcycle jacket with?‎ A．Zhang Ziyi. B．Audrey Hepburn.‎ C．Uma Thurman. D．Marlon Brando.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket，leather cap and jeans...is seen wearing the classic leather motorcycle jacket.”可知，麦当娜的皮革摩托夹克会让人联想到演员Marlon Brando。‎ 答案：D ‎6．What is implied in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's according to the passage?‎ ‎ A．One can be active by wearing black.‎ B．One can be elegant by wearing simple.‎ ‎ C．One can be famous by looking perfect.‎ ‎ D．One can be stylish by eating at Tiffany's.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句“She looks so elegant，wearing simple but beautiful dresses，big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck.”可推知，电影Breakfast at Tiffany's映射出一个人可以通过简单的衣着表现出优雅。‎ 答案：B ‎7．What does the film Memoirs of a Geisha lead to?‎ A．The popularity of the Chinese actress.‎ B．The worldwide reading of geisha stories.‎ C．The recovery of interest in kimonos.‎ D. The “geisha trips” to social events.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第三句“The film has also led to a regained interest in kimonos.”可知，电影Memoirs of a Geisha使人们重新对和服产生了兴趣。‎ 答案：C Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Mary had feared the day she would draw a blank during a presentation.Then one day during a 45minute speech，it happened.　1　.To help herself get back on track，Mary asked the audience to look at the handout and tell her what topic was up next.At the end of her presentation，audience members gave her top marks for organization.‎ ‎“What I learned is that the audience doesn't care if you mess up，and what they care about is what you are going to do ‎ about it，”Mary said.“My nervousness went away when I concentrated not on myself，but instead just thought，‘How is my speech going to help the audience？’　2　.Every single step of the way，ask yourself, ‘What's in it for them？’”‎ ‎　3　‎ Carter is the founder of a Canadabased presentation skills training company.When possible，he gets to the location of his presentation the day before to make sure all the electronic aids work.He wants to ensure the screen，lighting and inputs all work properly.“In addition，build an extra plan before you present，”he said.‎ Involve the audience Whether you are giving a oneonone talk or a speech in front of 400 people，think“storytelling”．　4　.The way to a person's head is through their heart.Sometimes all it takes is a few seconds to connect an audience member with a story.‎ Moreover，one thing that shocks people back into attention is to leave an almost uncomfortably long pause.　5　.‎ A．Keep order B．Be prepared C．That brings them back to the speaker D．She forgot what she was going to say E．Once you do that，you will get rid of the fear F．Storytelling makes messages easy to remember G．Stories combine data and information with emotion ‎[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了面对观众演讲时遇到的一些问题及解决方法。‎ ‎1．解析：空处在这里起承上启下的作用，呼应首句中的“draw a blank”和下句中的“To help herself get back on track”，由此可知，Mary在演讲中大脑一片空白，不知道下面该讲什么，所以选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎2．解析：Mary对自己的演讲进行反思，认为演讲时不要只关注自己，而要把注意力放在思考自己的演讲能给观众带来什么上，一旦这样做，就不觉得害怕了。所以选E项。‎ 答案：E ‎3．解析：Carter做演讲前会去演讲场地检查设备能否使用，这些都是为演讲做准备，所以选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎4．解析：G项中的“Stories”对应前面的“storytelling”，此处表示故事把数据、信息和感情融合起来，这样就容易进入观众的内心，打动观众。所以选G项。‎ 答案：G ‎5．解析：空前的“shocks people back into attention”与选项C中的“brings them back to the speaker”相对应，表示长时间的停顿会唤回观众的注意。所以选C项。‎ 答案：C Ⅲ.语法填空 The MidAutumn Festival is a harvest festival 1. (observe) on the 15th day of the 8th month of the Chinese Lunar Calendar.It celebrates three fundamental concepts which are ‎ closely tied 2. one another: gathering，such as family and friends 3. (come) together, or harvesting crops for the festival; thanksgiving，to give thanks for the harvest，or for harmonious unions；praying 4. (sincere) for beauty，longevity，babies，marriage 5. (partner)，or for a good future.‎ Traditions and myths surrounding the festival 6. (form) around these three concepts，although traditions have changed over time due to 7. (significance) changes in technology，science，economy，culture，and religion.It's about well being together.‎ The festival was a time 8. people enjoyed the successful reaping (收获) of rice and wheat with food offerings made in honor of the moon.Today，people still mark 9. occasion with similar activities.They have outdoor reunions among friends and relatives to eat mooncakes and watch the moon，a symbol of harmony and 10. (unite)．‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中秋节的相关内容。‎ ‎1．解析：考查非谓语动词。中秋节是一个收获感恩节，于中国农历的八月十五庆祝。分析句子结构可知，observe与a harvest festival之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语。‎ 答案：observed ‎2．解析：考查介词。be tied to“与……紧密相关”，是固定搭配，故填介词to。‎ 答案：to ‎3．解析：考查非谓语动词。比如，家人和朋友来到一起。come与family and friends是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。‎ 答案：coming ‎4．解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰非谓语动词praying，应用副词sincerely“真诚地”。‎ 答案：sincerely ‎5．解析：考查名词单复数。partner作“配偶，伴侣”讲时是可数名词，且空前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。‎ 答案：partners ‎6．解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。与该节日相关的传统和神话故事是围绕着这三个概念形成的。本文的基本时态是一般现在时，此处亦用一般现在时；句子的主语为Traditions and myths，表示复数概念，谓语动词应用复数；form与主语Traditions and myths之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填are formed。‎ 答案：are formed ‎7．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰changes，故应用形容词significant，表示“重大的”。‎ 答案：significant ‎8．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是a time，且空处在从句中作时间状语，故填when。‎ 答案：when ‎9．解析：考查冠词。现在人们仍然举行类似的活动来庆祝这一节日。此处的occasion特指中秋节，故应用定冠词the。‎ 答案：the ‎10．解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的“of harmony and”‎ 可知，此处应填一个名词，与harmony一起作介词of的宾语。故填unity。‎ 答案：unity